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    02a Crim02 Wk8 Lesson Proper

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    Rosalyn Pauline Turingan
    1. Subcultural theory explains delinquent activities of disadvantaged groups through concepts like status frustration and differential opportunity. Cloward and Ohlin expanded this theory by pointing to different opportunity structures like criminal, conflict, and retreatist available to lower class youth. 2. Social control theory focuses on why people obey the law through strong social bonds rather than causes of crime. It explains that individuals engage in delinquency when bonds like attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief are weakened. 3. Differential association theory emphasizes that crime results from social learning of deviant behavior from one's associates through communication in intimate groups. Criminal behavior is learned through techniques and motives learned from legal definitions.

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    02a Crim02 Wk8 Lesson Proper

    Uploaded by

    Rosalyn Pauline Turingan
    44 views2 pages
    1. Subcultural theory explains delinquent activities of disadvantaged groups through concepts like status frustration and differential opportunity. Cloward and Ohlin expanded this theory by pointing to different opportunity structures like criminal, conflict, and retreatist available to lower class youth. 2. Social control theory focuses on why people obey the law through strong social bonds rather than causes of crime. It explains that individuals engage in delinquency when bonds like attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief are weakened. 3. Differential association theory emphasizes that crime results from social learning of deviant behavior from one's associates through communication in intimate groups. Criminal behavior is learned through techniques and motives learned from legal definitions.

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    1. Subcultural theory explains delinquent activities of disadvantaged groups through concepts like status frustration and differential opportunity. Cloward and Ohlin expanded this theory by pointing to different opportunity structures like criminal, conflict, and retreatist available to lower class youth. 2. Social control theory focuses on why people obey the law through strong social bonds rather than causes of crime. It explains that individuals engage in delinquency when bonds like attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief are weakened. 3. Differential association theory emphasizes that crime results from social learning of deviant behavior from one's associates through communication in intimate groups. Criminal behavior is learned through techniques and motives learned from legal definitions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    44 views2 pages

    02a Crim02 Wk8 Lesson Proper

    Uploaded by

    Rosalyn Pauline Turingan
    1. Subcultural theory explains delinquent activities of disadvantaged groups through concepts like status frustration and differential opportunity. Cloward and Ohlin expanded this theory by pointing to different opportunity structures like criminal, conflict, and retreatist available to lower class youth. 2. Social control theory focuses on why people obey the law through strong social bonds rather than causes of crime. It explains that individuals engage in delinquency when bonds like attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief are weakened. 3. Differential association theory emphasizes that crime results from social learning of deviant behavior from one's associates through communication in intimate groups. Criminal behavior is learned through techniques and motives learned from legal definitions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    02A-CRIM02-WK8-LESSON PROPER

    SUB-CULTURAL THEORY

    The theory is linked to anomie and strain, exemplifying concepts of status frustration and differential
    opportunity, which North American subcultural theorists used to explain as delinquent activities of
    disadvantaged groups in the 1950s and 60s.

    RICHARD CLOWARD and LLOYD OHLIN (1960) built on these ideas, pointing to the differential opportunity
    structures available to lower - class young people in different neighborhoods: criminal (making a living from
    crime), conflict (territorial violence and gang fighting) and retreatist (drugs and alcohol

    SOCIAL CONTROL THEORY


    This does not address the causes of crime, but rather focuses on why people obey the law. In other
    words, it explains conformity rather than deviance. This theory is associated with the work of Travis Hirschi
    (1969) on social norms due to strong social bonds. Conversely, they engage in delinquent acts when these
    bonds are broken or become weak. It is non- traditional criminological perspectives because they seek to
    explain why individuals conform to societal norms, and not why they commit crime.
    https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fandragogytheory.com%2F2017%2F01%2F24%

    Key components of social bonds are:


    a. Attachment
    How strong or weak is an individual’s relationship with others?
    Do these others expect certain kinds of behavior (such as obeying the
    law) from this individual? The stronger the attachment, the more the
    individual will conform.
    b. Commitment
    The more an individual commits his/herself to a particular lifestyle
    (for example, being married being a parent, having a job) the
    more he/she has to lose if he/she becomes involved in crime
    (and so deviate from the lifestyle).
    c. Involvement
    This component comes down to time. The more time the individual spends engaging in law
    abiding behavior, the less time he/she has to engage in law breaking behavior.
    d. Belief
    This relates to upbringing. If an individual has been brought up to be las abiding, they are less
    likely to become involved in crime.

    5. Different association Theory


    Proponent: Edwin E. Sutherland
    This theory emphasized that crime is a result of social learning engaging in deviant behavior by
    02A-CRIM02-WK8-LESSON PROPER

    those with whom we socially interact. It is a learning theory that concentrates on one’s
    associates and the normative definitions one learns from them.
    Sutherland’s propositions for differential association theory are as follow:
    1. Criminal behavior is learned.
    2. Criminal behavior is learned in interaction with other persons in a process of communication.
    3. The principal part of the learning of criminal behavior occurs within intimate personal groups.
    4. When criminal behavior is learned, the learning includes (a) techniques of committing the crime
    which are sometimes very complicated, sometimes very simple, and (b) the specific direction of
    motives drives, rationalizations, and attitudes.
    5. The specific direction of motives and drives is learned from definitions of the legal codes
    favorable or unfavorable.
    6. A person becomes delinquent because of an excess of definitions favorable to violation of law
    over definitions unfavorable to violation of the law.
    7. The process of learning criminal behavior by association with criminal and anti-criminal patterns
    involves all of the mechanisms that are involved in any other learning.
    8. Although criminal behavior is an expression of general need s and values, it is not explained by
    those general needs and values, because noncriminal behavior is an expression of the same
    needs and values.
    9. Differential association varies in frequency, duration, priority, and intensity the most frequent
    longest running, earliest and closest influences will be most efficacious or determinant of
    learned behavior.

    Visit the link below for more information about Social Control Theory
    LINK: https://youtu.be/oEMWE9rJK3E

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