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CESC 12 - Q1 - M11 - Lecture notes 11

Senior High School 11 (University of Mindanao)

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Community Engagement
Solidarity and Citizenship 12
Quarter 1
Module 11

 Local and Global

Communities

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Community Engagement, Solidarity, and Citizenship

Quarter 1 / Module11: Local and Global Communities

First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City.

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Writer: Aina H. Cafilma / Contributors – Arnold L. Espinas, Andrew E.
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Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
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Community Engagement
Solidarity and Citizenship 12
Quarter 1
Module 11

 Local and Global Communities

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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Community Engagement Solidarity and Citizenship 12 Module on Local

and Global Communities

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its Officer-in-Charge
Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin, in partnership with
the City Government of Pasig through its mayor, Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The
writers utilized the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential
Learning Competencies (MELC) in developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their
own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do
the tasks included in the module.

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For the Learners:

Welcome to the Community Engagement Solidarity and Citizenship Module on Local and
Global Communities.

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process
the contents of the learning material while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectation - These are what you will be able to know after

completing the lessons in the module

Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts
to be mastered throughout the lesson.

Recap - This section will measure what learnings and skills tat you
understand from the previous lesson.

Lesson- This section will discuss the topic for this module.

Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform.

Wrap Up- This section summarizes the concepts and applications of

the lessons.

Valuing-this part will check the integration of values in the learning

competency.

Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the
entire module.

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EXPECTATION

1. Characterized a local and global community

2. Examine their political, economic, and social dynamics
3. Provide examples of both local and global communities

PRE – TEST

Direction: TRUE OR FALSE. Read each statement carefully. Write T if the

statement is true and F if it is not
_______ 1. A Local Community is a group of interacting people sharing an
environment.
_______ 2. The city are the smallest units Local Government in the Philippines.
_______ 3. Global Community is the people or nations of the world, considered as
being closely connected by modern telecommunications and as being
economically, socially and politically interdependent.
_______4. The ASEAN was established on 8 of August 1967 in Bangkok Thailand.
_______5. The United Nations is primarily a peacekeeping organization.

RECAP

Before we proceed to the lesson proper in this module 11, let us have a short
recap of the previous discussions.
1. Why is it important to understand the distinct characteristics of each
type of community?
Thank you for taking time answering the questions. You can now proceed with
Module 11.

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LESSON

Local and Global Communities

1. LOCAL COMMUNITY
a. Definition
A local community is a group of interacting people sharing an
environment. In human communities, intent, belief, resources,
preferences, needs, risks, and a number of other conditions may be
present and common, affecting the identity of the participants and their
degree of cohesiveness.

b. Political Structure – City and barangay

1. POLITICAL STRUCTURE OF CITY

The chartered city is also a unit of local administration. It is

created by a special law which serves as its charter. The charter is the
constitution of the city. The charter creates the city, defines its
boundaries, provides its system of government, and defines the powers
and duties of its officials. A city or any of its officials cannot perform
any official act which is not permitted by its charter. The city elective
officials are the mayor, vice mayor, and the members of the board of
councilors. They are elected for a term of three years. They cannot
serve for more than three consecutive terms. The mayor is the
executive official of the city, aided by the appointive heads of the
various departments. The vice mayor is the presiding officer of the
board. And the city courts exercise judicial functions. The lawmaking
body of the city is council. Among its important functions are as folows:
1) to levy and collect taxes in accordance with law; 2) to enact
ordinances; 3) to provide for public work constructions and for the
maintenance of a local police force; 4) to establish fire zones within the
city and to regulated the type of building which may be constructed
within each zone; and 5) to provide for the protection of the inhabitants
from public calamities and to provide relied in times of emergency.
There are 67 chartered cities in the Philippines.

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2. POLITICAL STRUCTURE OF BARANGAY

Each municipality or city is composed of a number of villages or

barangays. The barangays are the smallest units of local government
in the Philippines. They are governed by the Barrio Charter. The
elective officials of the barangays are the Barangay Captain and the
Barangay Councilors. As chief executive, the barangay captain is its
recognized leader. He enforces all the laws and ordinances applicable
to his constituency. He may organize fire brigades, preside over all
meetings both of the barangay council and assembly, organize groups
of citizens to fight criminality and brigandage, and approve all
payments from barangay funds. He also sings all contacts in which the
barangay is a party. There are 41, 945 barangays in the Philippines.
They are public corporations and so, they can sue and be sued in
court; can enter into contracts, can acquire and hold all kinds of
property; and can exercise such powers or perform such acts as are
provided by law.

c. Economic Structure – city and barangay

Societies run on production and consumption. The economic system of
modern communities is the market economy. Here, the market is free to
produce what to make, how to make it, and who is it for. The current
economic system we have is laissez- faire (French word meaning “allow
to do”) which does not have any central group of institution that can
determine the means of production and control the market as a whole.
Here, we have to apply the concept of the invisible hand; with the
assumption that we are operating under the idea of scarcity and thus,
supply and demand are the determinants of value and cost. Contrasting
this idea of a free market is a planned or command market where the
state or government determines the means of production.

d. Social -Cultural structure – city and barangay

Sociocultural structures are composed of various institution, assemblies,
and actors. The interactions generated in between these social variables
provide the syntheses from multitudes of discourses that create the
patterns of social norms. To engage and see these patterns, we can look
into specific behavioral syntheses that are results of their interaction.

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2. GLOBAL COMMUNITY
a. Definition
The people or nations of the world, considered as being closely
connected by modern telecommunications and as being economically,
socially, and politically interdependent.

b. The ASEAN
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations, or ASEAN, was established
on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand, with the signing of the ASEAN
Declaration (Bangkok Declaration) by the Founding Fathers of ASEAN,
namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand.

Brunei Darussalam then joined on 7 January 1984, Viet Nam on 28 July

1995, Lao PDR and Myanmar on 23 July 1997, and Cambodia on 30 April
1999, making up what is today the ten Member States of ASEAN.

 Nature and Purpose

As set out in the ASEAN Declaration, the aims and purposes of
ASEAN are:

1. To accelerate the economic growth, social progress and

cultural development in the region through joint endeavor’s
in the spirit of equality and partnership in order to strengthen
the foundation for a prosperous and peaceful community of
Southeast Asian Nations;
2. To promote regional peace and stability through abiding
respect for justice and the rule of law in the relationship
among countries of the region and adherence to the
principles of the United Nations Charter;
3. To promote active collaboration and mutual assistance on
matters of common interest in the economic, social, cultural,
technical, scientific and administrative fields;
4. To provide assistance to each other in the form of training
and research facilities in the educational, professional,
technical and administrative spheres;
5. To collaborate more effectively for the greater utilization of
their agriculture and industries, the expansion of their trade,
including the study of the problems of international
commodity trade, the improvement of their transportation
and communications facilities and the raising of the living
standards of their peoples;

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B. The United Nations

 Nature and Purpose
The United Nations is primarily a peacekeeping organization. But it
has other important jobs, too. It helps nations deal with economic and
social problems. It promotes respect for human rights. It works to advance
justice and international law. And it helps victims of wars, famines, and
other disasters.

MAINTAIN INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY

The United Nations came into being in 1945, following the devastation of
the Second World War, with one central mission: the maintenance of
international peace and security. The UN does this by working to prevent
conflict; helping parties in conflict make peace; peacekeeping; and
creating the conditions to allow peace to hold and flourish. These
activities often overlap and should reinforce one another, to be effective.
The UN Security Council has the primary responsibility for international
peace and security. The General Assembly and the Secretary-General play
major, important, and complementary roles, along with other UN offices
and bodies.

PROTECT HUMAN RIGHTS

The term “human rights” was mentioned seven times in the UN's founding
Charter, making the promotion and protection of human rights a key
purpose and guiding principle of the Organization. In 1948, the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights brought human rights into the realm of
international law. Since then, the Organization has diligently protected
human rights through legal instruments and on-the-ground activities.

DELIVER HUMANITARIAN AID

One of the purposes of the United Nations, as stated in its Charter, is "to
achieve international co-operation in solving international problems of an
economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian character." The UN first did
this in the aftermath of the Second World War on the devastated continent
of Europe, which it helped to rebuild. The Organization is now relied upon
by the international community to coordinate humanitarian relief
operations due to natural and man-made disasters in areas beyond the
relief capacity of national authorities alone.
PROMOTE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
From the start in 1945, one of the main priorities of the United Nations
was to “achieve international co-operation in solving international
problems of an economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian character and
in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for
fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language,
or religion.”

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UPHOLD INTERNATIONAL LAW

The UN Charter, in its Preamble, set an objective: "to establish conditions
under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties
and other sources of international law can be maintained". Ever since,
the development of, and respect for international law has been a key part
of the work of the Organization. This work is carried out in many ways -
by courts, tribunals, multilateral treaties - and by the Security Council,
which can approve peacekeeping missions, impose sanctions, or
authorize the use of force when there is a threat to international peace
and security, if it deems this necessary. These powers are given to it by
the UN Charter, which is considered an international treaty. As such, it
is an instrument of international law, and UN Member States are bound
by it. The UN Charter codifies the major principles of international
relations, from sovereign equality of States to the prohibition of the use of
force in international relations

ACTIVITY

Reflection Writing: Write an essay about the topic below using the guide questions.
In writing your essays always remember the three C’s (content, clarity, cohesion).
Always be mindful of the content, be clear on what you say, and be disciplined in
ordering your ideas.

GUIDE QUESTIONS:
a. What are the structures inherent within societies?
b. How do these structures combine to form the community environment we
now know at present?

RUBRICS
Score
Criteria
1 2 3 4 5
CONTENT. Consistent with the lesson.
CLARITY. The idea has been clearly presented

COHESION. Presentation of ideas was logically sequenced

TOTAL

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WRAP – UP

Before we end up with Module 11 let us see how much you’ve learned from
to last topics:

1. Why is it important to understand the distinct characteristics of each

type of community?

VALUING

“A vibrant civil society can challenge those in power by documenting

corruption or uncovering activities like the murder of political enemies. In
democracies, this function is mostly performed by the media, NGO, or opposition
parties.” - Evegeny Morozov

POST TEST

.
Direction: Match column A to Column B. Write the letter of your answer on the
space provided.

B. Description / Definition

_______ 1.The City elective Officials.

_______ 2. French word meaning “allow to
do”.
_______ 3. Primary responsibility for
international peace and security.
_______ 4. The elective officials of the
barangays.
_______ 5. Peacekeeping organizations.

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KEY TO CORRECTION
5. T 4. T 3.T 2. F 1. T
Pretest:

5. C 4. E 3.A 2. D 1. B
Posttest:

REFERENCES
Websites

https://www.definitions.net/definition/local+community

http://www.ph.net/htdocs/government/phil/loc-gov/index.html

https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/global-community

https://www.scholastic.com/teachers/articles/teaching-content/six-parts-un/

Books

Delos Santos, Danilo Lorenzo S. 2017. Community Enggagement, Solidarity, and

Citizenship Quezon City: REX BOOKSTORE, Inc.

Photos and Illustrations:

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