Submarine Technologies

7/7/20
Submarine
Technologies
AN OVERVIEW
1
7/7/20
Scope
1 Hull and
Architecture 5 Combat
2 Power and
Propulsion
3 Navigation
Sensors
4 Habitibility
How submarine dive/surface?
2
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Hull and
Architecture
Hull/Structure – Steel
WW1 WW2 1961 1971 1978 1978 2005 2009
carbon high- HY-80 Titanium 80 HLES Titanium HY-100 NS110

steel strength (Thresher (Alfa (Agosta (Mike (Seawolf (Soryu
alloyed Class) Class) Class) Class) Class) Class)
steel
100m >400m 400m 350m >1200m 490m 600m

200m
3
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Hull/Structure – Steel
Yield
US France Russia Japan
Strength
550 MPa AK-25 NS56
590 MPa 60HLES
630 MPa AB-2
690 MPa HY100 NS70
700 MPa 80HLES
785 MPa AK-29 NS80
890 MPa HY130 100HLES AB-3? NS90
980 MPa AK-33
1075 MPa AK- ??
1178 MPa HY156 NS110
Source: http://gentleseas.blogspot.com/2015/07/chinese-and-russian-submarine-pressure.html
Hull/Structure – Architecture
Double Hull
Single Hull
4
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Hull/Structure
– Architecture
u The Dolfijn-class submarines of

the Royal Netherlands Navy
u Allows submarines to dive
deeper and have better stability
than other boats, among other
things (200m, 1950s).
By Das steinerne Herz - Own work, using

http://www.heiszwolf.com/subs/plans/plansdolfijn.jpg, CC BY-SA 3.0,
https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=14889466
Hull/Structure
– Architecture
u The Typhoon class, Soviet
designation Project 941 Akula
feature Multi-hull architecture
u can stay submerged for 120
days in normal conditions
u Speed 28 kn, Depth 400 m
By Mike1979 Russia - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,

https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6297384
10
5
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Hull/Structure
– Architecture
u Multi-hull architecture (7
interconnected titanium hull)
u Losharik is a Russian deep-
diving nuclear powered
submarine
u Known to dive down to 2500m
u Capable of being carried by a

modified another submarine.
11
Hull/Structure – Shape
Early design WW2 designs Teardrop (albacore)
12
6
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Power
Generation
and
Propulsion
13
Power – Diesel-Electric
14
7
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Power –
Batteries
= 15,000 Ah or 5400 kWh
u Lead acid cells
u Advantages:
u relatively inexpensive
u reliable
u less threat of fire or explosion
than lithium-ion.
u heavy
= 12 V/45 Ah
= 300 kWh/month
15
Power – Batteries
16
8
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Power – Nuclear Power Plant
17
Air Independent
Propulsion – MESMA
u Advantages: Relatively high

output power is available.
u The design permits relatively
easy retrofitting into existing
submarines by adding an
extra hull section-plug.
u Low efficiency
18
9
7/7/20
Air Independent
Propulsion – Stirling
Engine
u Advantages: Stirling engine

are relatively simple and less
hazardous
u Low noise
19
Air Independent
Propulsion – Fuel Cells
u Advantages: virtual absence

of moving parts makes this
AIP exceptionally quiet
u cheaper and easier to
maintain compared to other
AIP technologies.
20
10
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Propulsion
- Propeller
21
Propulsion
– Pump-jet
Propulsor
22
11
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Underwater
Navigation
Sensors
23
Navigation –
Sonar
u Sonar (sound navigation
ranging) is a technique that
uses sound propagation to
navigate, communicate with
or detect objects on or under
the surface of the water,
such as other vessels.
24
12
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Navigation – Inertial Navigation System
u A device that determine navigation

data for underwater navigation
u estimated position source, utilizing
acceleration, deceleration, and
pitch and roll for computing.
25
Habitibility
26
13
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CO2 Removal
Habitibility – Air
Regeneration
O2 Production
27
Habitibility
– Living
Quarters
28
14
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Combat
29
Combat Management System
30
15
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Combat - Weapon Launcher
31
Combat - Torpedo
u Modern submarine torpedoes come

in two variants: thermal and electric.
u Speed reach 50kn
32
16
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Combat - Missile
u A submarine-launched missile
includes ballistic missiles (SLBMs) and
cruise missiles (SLCMs).
u SLBMs are launched vertically.
33
Other submarine topics
u Safety
u Weight Management
u Communication
u Above water sensors
u Platform control and monitoring
u Combat Management System
34
17
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Conclusion
u Submarine promotes, shapes and leads technologies

advancement for human consumption
35
Thank you
36
18

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7/7/20

How submarine dive/surface?

WW1 WW2 1961 1971 1978 1978 2005 2009

carbon high- HY-80 Titanium 80 HLES Titanium HY-100 NS110

100m >400m 400m 350m >1200m 490m 600m

u The Dolfijn-class submarines of

By Das steinerne Herz - Own work, using

By Mike1979 Russia - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0,

u Capable of being carried by a

Early design WW2 designs Teardrop (albacore)

Power – Nuclear Power Plant

u Advantages: Relatively high

u Advantages: Stirling engine

u Advantages: virtual absence

Navigation – Inertial Navigation System

u A device that determine navigation

Combat Management System

Combat - Weapon Launcher

u Modern submarine torpedoes come

Other submarine topics

u Submarine promotes, shapes and leads technologies

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