Quarter 1 Week 5: NAME: - GRADE & SEC: - Competency
Quarter 1 Week 5: NAME: - GRADE & SEC: - Competency
Quarter 1 Week 5: NAME: - GRADE & SEC: - Competency
(M5NS- Ie-84)
• The learner solves routine and non-routine problems involving addition and/or subtraction of fractions
Expectations
2. Solving routine and non-routine problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions and mixed
Pre-test
Directions: Read and solve each item. Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it on a separate
sheet of paper.
5 2
1. What is the sum of 2 and ?
6 3
1 1 1 1
a. 2 b. 3 c. 2 d. 3
6 2 2 6
3 2
2. What is the difference between and ?
4 10
11 3 1 3
a. b. c. 6 d.
20 8 10 4
2 3
3. Krizel bought 3 kilos of mangoes and kilo of oranges. How many kilos of fruits did she buy in all? What is
5 4
Looking Back
From your previous lessons, you have learned some ways of finding the GCF and LCM of a given set
of numbers and changing dissimilar fractions to similar fractions.
Lesson 1: Finding GCF of a given set of numbers using prime factorization method.
Example: Find the GCF of 4, 8, and 20.
Lesson 2: Finding LCM of a given set of numbers using prime factorization method.
Example: Find the LCM of 4, 8, and 20.
Note: Bring down all the prime factors then multiply them to get the LCM.
When LCM is used as denominators it will be called as least common denominator (LCD).
1 3 9
Example: Change the given set of fractions to similar fractions. , , and
4 8 20
1 10
Steps to follow: 1) divide the LCD by the original denominator.
4 40
3 15
2) multiply the quotient by the original numerator.
8 40
9 18 1 10
40 ÷ 4 = 10 then 10 x 1 = 10 Thus, becomes
20 40 4 40
3 15
Repeat the process 40 ÷ 8 = 5 then 5 x 3 = 15 Thus, becomes
8 40
9 18
40 ÷ 20 = 2 then 2 x 9 = 18 Thus, becomes
20 40
1 3 9 10 15 18
Therefore, , , and becomes , , and
4 8 20 40 40 40
Use prime factorization method to find the LCM of the denominators 4, 8, and 20.
In adding similar fractions, we simply add the numerators and copy the common denominator. Express
𝟐 𝟔 𝟖 𝟒 𝟒 𝟏 𝟓
Examples: a. + 𝟏𝟎 = 𝟏𝟎 or b. 𝟏 + 𝟕 = 𝟏𝟕
𝟏𝟎 𝟓 𝟕
Lesson 1-A. Addition of Dissimilar Fractions and Mixed Numbers without Regrouping
𝟏 𝟐
Example 1: Add 𝟓 and .
𝟐 𝟓
1
52
Different Denominators
2
+ 5
STEP 2 Find the Least Common Denominator (LCD) and rename them as similar fractions.
1 𝟓 Multiples of:
52 𝟓 𝟏𝟎
2 = 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 …
2 𝟒 5 = 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 …
5 𝟏𝟎 The common multiples of 2 and 5 are 10 and 20
The LCM is 10. Therefore, the LCD is 10
STEP 3 Add the whole numbers if there is any. Add the fractions.
Write the whole number before the sum of fractions.
5
5
10 Note:
4
+ Just add the numerators and copy the
10
9
common denominator.
5
10
𝟗
Answer: Mrs. Saliva bought 𝟓 𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒔 of cloth in all.
𝟏𝟎
a. Align the fractions. b. Find the LCD and renamed c. Now perform addition.
2 as similar fractions. 4
8 8 14
7
2 𝟒
1 87 𝟖 𝟏𝟒 7
+ +
2 14
1 𝟕
2 𝟏𝟒 𝟏𝟏
Answer: 𝟖 𝟏𝟒
Lesson 1-B. Addition of Dissimilar Fractions and Mixed Numbers with Regrouping.
𝟒 𝟐
Example 1: Add 𝟔 + .
𝟓 𝟑
a. Align the fractions. b. Find the LCD and renamed c. Now perform addition.
4 as similar fractions. 12
6 6 15
5
4 𝟏𝟐
2 65 𝟔 𝟏𝟓 10
+ +
3 15
2 𝟏𝟎
3 𝟏𝟓 𝟐𝟐 𝟕
Answer: 𝟔 or 𝟕
𝟏𝟓 𝟏𝟓
𝟓 𝟑
Example 2: Add 𝟑
𝟕 + 𝟓𝟒 .
a. Align the fractions. b. Find the LCD and renamed c. Now perform addition.
5 as similar fractions. 20
3 3 28
7
5 𝟐𝟎
3
37 𝟑 𝟐𝟖 21
+ 54 + 5
28
3 𝟐𝟏
54 𝟓 𝟐𝟖 𝟒𝟏 𝟏𝟑
Answer: 𝟖 or 𝟗
𝟐𝟖 𝟐𝟖
In subtracting similar fractions, we simply subtract the numerators and copy the common denominator.
𝟖 𝟑 𝟓 𝟑 𝟏 𝟐
Examples: a. - = 𝟏𝟐 b. 𝟔 - 𝟐𝟓 = 𝟒𝟓
𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟐 𝟓
Lesson 2-A. Subtraction of Dissimilar Fractions and Mixed Numbers without Regrouping
To subtract dissimilar fractions and mixed numbers, we must follow the following steps:
1) Convert dissimilar fractions into similar fractions.
2) Subtract the whole numbers and fractional parts.
4 𝟏𝟐 Multiples of:
𝟓
Answer:
𝟐𝟏
𝟑 𝟐
Example 2: Find the difference of 𝟐
𝟒
and .
𝟑
STEP 1 Find the Least Common Denominator (LCD) and rename them as similar fractions.
𝟗 Multiples of:
3
24 2 𝟏𝟐 4 = 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 …
3 = 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21 …
2 𝟖
3 𝟏𝟐 LCD is 12.
𝟏
Answer: 2 𝟏𝟐
Lesson 2-B. Subtraction of Dissimilar Fractions and Mixed Numbers with Regrouping.
𝟏 𝟐
Example 1. Find the difference of 𝟐
𝟑 and 𝟏 𝟓.
5 6 15 15
Since is less than , we need to get 1 whole or from 2. Therefore, 2 becomes 1
15
.
15 15 15
5 15 20
Let us add and 1 15 and it will become 1
15 15
5 20
2 15 will be renamed as 1 .
15
1 5 20
23 = 2 15 = 1 15 .
- --
2 6 6
15 = 1 15
= 1 15
14
Answer:
15
𝟏 𝟗
𝟐 and 𝟏 𝟏𝟎.
Example 2. Find the difference of 𝟑
STEP 1 Find the Least Common Denominator (LCD) and rename them as similar fractions.
Multiples of:
1 5
32 3 10 2 = 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 …
10 = 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 …
9 9
1 10 1 10 LCD is 10.
5 9 10 10
Since is less than , we need to get 1 whole or from 3. Therefore, 3 becomes 2 10.
10 10 10
5 10 15
Let us add and 2 10 and it will become 2
10 10
5 15
3 10 will be renamed as 2 .
10
1 5 15
3 = 3 10 = 2 10 .
2
- -
9 9 9
1 10 = 1 10 = 1 10
6 3
Answer: 1 10 or 1 5
Lesson 3-A. Addition of Dissimilar Fractions and Mixed Numbers With and Without Regrouping
1 1
Example: Samantha prepared orange juice. She mixed 4 𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟 of powdered juice and 1 2 𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠 of water.
Understand.
1. What is asked?
• The total number of liters that Samantha mixed.
2. What are the given facts?
1
• 𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟 of powdered juice
4
1
• 1 2 𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠 of water
Plan.
You can use any convenient way in solving the problem. One way of solving the problem is by using
unit tiles/block model approach and another way is to use the LCD.
a. Write the mathematical statement. d. Convert the dissimilar fractions into similar.
1 1 3 (2 x 3 ) 6
12 + =
4 2 4 4
1 1
4 4
1. What is asked?
• The fraction part of the cake that was left.
MATH 5 QUARTER 1 WEEK 5 P a g e 7 | 10
2. What are the given facts?
• Mary bought a chocolate cake.
1
• of the chocolate cake was eaten.
8
Plan.
You can use any convenient way in solving the problem. One way of solving the problem is by using
unit tiles. Another way is to use the LCD.
Activities
A. Add & Subtract. Reduce your answer to lowest terms whenever possible.
3 1 3 1 7 5
1. + = 3. + = 5. + =
5 5 8 4 12 36
11 2 3 3
2. + = 4. + =
16 16 15 5
1 3
2. Roldan spent 1 3 hours doing his Math homework and 4 hours doing his Science homework. How
much more time did Roldan spend on doing his Math homework than on his Science homework?
Remember
Key Ideas
A. Find the sum/difference of fractions with and without regrouping. Express the answers in lowest terms if
needed. Write the answers on your answer Math Notebook.
1 2 2 5 9 3
1. 27
5
+ 6
= 2.
8
+ 63 12 = 3. 5
10
- =
5
B. Read carefully and solve each problem. Write your answer on your Math Notebook.
3 11
1. Cali bought cup of buko juice and cups of mango juice. How much more mango juice did he buy
8 6
than buko juice?
1 1 1
2. Mrs. Goto prepared pancakes for her children. She mixed 3 cups of flour, cup of sugar, and cup
2 4 2
powedered milk. How many cups of dry ingredients did she mix in altogether?
Post-test
5 2
1. What is the sum of 2 and ?
6 3
1 1 1 1
a. 2 b. 3 c. 2 d. 3
6 2 2 6
3 2
2. What is the difference between and ?
4 10
11 3 1 3
a. b. c. 6 d.
20 8 10 4
2 3
3. Krizel bought 3 kilos of mangos and kilo of oranges. How many kilos of fruits did she buy in all? What is
5 4
asked in the problem?
a. The total number of kilos of fruits she bought.
b. The total number of fruits she bought from the market.
c. The number of pieces of fruits she bought.
d. The sizes of mangoes and oranges she bought from the market.
2 1
4. A recipe calls for cup of white flour and 3 cup of wheat flour. How much flour will be used in all?
3 5
3 1 13 3
a. 13 b. 4 c. 3 d. 5
15 4 15 13
7 1
5. Eldon ran 2 laps. Edward ran 1 laps. How much farther did Eldon run than Edward?
8 4
1 5 9 1
a. 5 b. 1 c. d. 8
4 8 8 5