Makalah Auxiliary: Oleh: Mkhanif Khafidli 1310141031 Mata Kuliah: B. Inggris Dosen Pengampu: Ima Mashofa

MAKALAH
AUXILIARY
Oleh:
MKHANIF KHAFIDLI 1310141031
Mata Kuliah : B. INGGRIS
Dosen Pengampu : IMA MASHOFA
1 D4 ELEKTRO INDUSTRI B
POLITEKNIK ELEKTRONIKA NEGERI SURABAYA
KOTA SURABAYA
TAHUN 2014
INTRODUCTION I
in a sentence usually requires auxiliary words, connecting words to enhance

an auxiliary word sentence that appears before the main verb (main verb) in a
sentence to modify the meaning of the main verb. Unlike the main verb, auxiliary
verb itself has no meaning.
The modal auxiliaries in English are : can, could had better, may, might, must,
ought to, shall, should, will, would.
Modal auxiliaries generally express a speaker’s attitudes of “moods”. For

example, modal can express that a speaker feels something is necessary, advisable,
permissible, possible, or probable. And in addition. They can convey the strength
of these attitudes.
CONTENS II
Auxiliary Verb
Auxiliary verb is a verb that is used with the auxiliary verb (verb) to help
express the meaning clicking.
1 To be (am, are, is): is,

Subject + to be (am, are, is) + noun / adjective
example:
- I am a boys
- You are my friend
- He is a doctor
2 Do / Does:
Subject + do / does + complement
Do and does function as:
a) do / does as a verb (the full verb)
example:
- I do my home work everyday
(I do my homework every day)
b) do / does as an Auxiliary Verb (verb)
do used to subject = I, We, They and You

does used to subject = He, She, and It.
Functions do / does for auxiliary verb is:
To assist in the formation of sentences are sentences that have a verb, if the
sentence
in the form of:
a) sentence negates
b) Interogatives Sentence
c) Negates interrogatives sentences
example:
- I do not go to school everyday
- Do I go to school everyday?
- Do not I go to school everyday?
3 Have / Has: have / has / have

Subject + have / has + complement
Have / has has 2 functions, namely:
As a full verb (verb) means to have

As an auxiliary verb (Auxiliary Verb) means already = on regular
expressions, (affirmative), not = to deny sentence (negative), have = the
sentence asking (interrogative), is not, it = the sentence asking deny
(negative-interrogative) .
Examples have (has):
- (+): We have a new teacher
- (-): We have not a new teacher

- (?): Have we a new teacher?
Example has (have):
- (+): He has a new book
- (-): He has a new book
- (?): Has he a new book?
1) Have / has a full verb (Verb)
example:
- (+): You have a new dictionary
- (-): You have not a new dictionary
- (?): Have you a new dictionary?
- (-?): Have you not a new dictionary?
2) Have / has as helpers (Auxiliary)
example:
- (+): I have moved into a new house
- (-): I have not moved into a new
- (?): Have I moved into a new house?
- (-?): Have I not moved into a new house

Auciliaries modals
Auciliaries modals is an auxiliary verb has a meaning and complement

ordinarinya. Use auxiliary capital with tenses that we have previously learned very
close, only auxiliary capital we used earlier using adxiliary play (is, am, are, do,
does, have, has, was. Were, did. Limit).
While the use of tenses with auxiliary capital we can also use, just we have to be
careful in tenses, for the first we do is to understand and identify auxiliary capital
advance.
Prohibition of capital:
1 There should be no additional s / es, ed, and ing
2 must meet VI (berinficitive)
3 can not didahulu ito
4 can not be met to
5 auxiliary capital can not be met with auxiliary capital.
Example one:
1 he cans sing every day.
2 cans he sings every day
3 he wants to can sing every day
4. he can to sing every day
5 must he can sing every day.
Example is:
1 can sing every day
2 he can sing every day
3 he wants to be Able to sing every day
4. he can sing every day
5. he must be Able sing every day.
Capital auziliary seen from the meaning is divided into two (the kind of capital):
1. spontaneity
2 Conclusion / possibility.
1. SPONTANITY DEVIDE TO 12 :
No Modal English Similar expression of modal

1 Can Ability Be able to
2 Must Strong obligation, Have to, be to
strong necessity
3 Used Past habit Be used to Ving.
To/would + V1
4 Can Polite request (?) Be allowed to
Could
May
Might
Will
Would
Shall
Should
5 Can Permission (+) Be allowed to
Could
May
Might
Should
Would
Shall
6 May Wishes
7 Will Willingness Be Willing to
8 Should/ought to Advisability Be supposed to
2. Conclusion devide became 2 :

A. Possibility, devide became 4
Modal
Must
Should / ought to
May / might
Can / could
B. Imposiblity, devide became 4

Modal
Must
Could can
Should / ought to
May / might
Modal auxiliaries Are followed by the tenses form

Modal Simple present Present continous Simple past Past continous
1. can He can help me Can you help me He could run fast He could teach
every day now? last year me math when
he was young
2. must He must study You must help me He had to go He had to
every time now yesterday sleep when I
left his room
3. used to / - - I used to eat -
would every morning
4. can - can you help me
every time ?
Could - could you help
me every day ?
May - may I visit you
every day ?
Might - might visit you
every day ?
Will - wih you lend me
some money ?
Would - would you lend
me some money ?
- shall I pay for the
Shall bill ?
- should I pay for
Should the bill ?
5. can - you can help me
every time
Could - you could help
me every day ?
May - you may visit me
every day ?
Might - you might visit
me every time “
Would -
Shall -
Should -
6. May May god bless May you be happ
you now ?
7. Will Yes, I will Yes, I Will - -
Conclusion (possitility / impossibility)

Present
Modal Simple present Simple past Past continous
continous
Must He must study He must be He must have He must have been studying
hard every day studying hard studied hard hard when I come.
now. last week
Can / could He can / could He can / could He can / could He can / could have been
do his be doing his have done his doing his activities when I
activities every activities now. activities came yesterday.
day. yesterday.
Should / He should / He should / He He should / ought to have been
ought to ought not to ought to be should/ought studying hard when I came.
study hard studying hard to have studied
every day. now. hard yesterday.
May / might He may / He may / He may / He may / might have been
might do his might be doing might have doing his activity when I came
activity every his activity done his yesterday.
day. now. adtivity
yesterday.
The function of modal

From Kind of modal Tense
Possibility Must Ps/Pr
Should Ps/Pr
Ought to
May
Might
Could
Can
Can’t Ps/Pr
Couldn’t
Mayn’t Ps/Pr
Impossibility
Mightn’t
Can -Pr
Could -Ps
Ability Be (was, Were, Is. -Ps
Am. Are) -Pr
Able to
May
Wishes - Ft
May + S + V1
(+) must Ps/Pr/I
Necessity (+) have to
(-) needn’t
Should - Ps/Pr
Advisability Ought to
Hed better
Suggestion Could Ps/Pr/I
CLOSING
CONCLUSION
Ø Modal Auxiliary is the auxiliary which has meaning and complete the
ordinary.
Ø The Kinds of modal auxiliaries in English are : can, could, had better, may,
might, must, ought to, shall, should, will, would.

BIBLIOGRAPHY CHAPTER III
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Azer, Betty S. 1989. Understanding and Using English grammar (second
edition). New Jersey : prentice hall, inc.
____________ Understanding and Using English grammar (third Edition).
New Jersey : prentice Hall, inc.
Echols, John M. And Hasan Shadily. 1989. Kamus Indonesia Inggris,
Jakarta : Gramedia.
Murphy, R. 1985. English Grammar in Use, Combridge : Combridge
University Press.
Purwati, M. 2005. Engligh for a better life, Bandung : Pakar Raya.
Wijaya. 1989. Fitrah Book (grammar, speaking and vocabularies). Lamongan
: Own Published.

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MAKALAH

MKHANIF KHAFIDLI 1310141031

Mata Kuliah : B. INGGRIS

Dosen Pengampu : IMA MASHOFA

POLITEKNIK ELEKTRONIKA NEGERI SURABAYA

in a sentence usually requires auxiliary words, connecting words to enhance

Modal auxiliaries generally express a speaker’s attitudes of “moods”. For

1 To be (am, are, is): is,

- You are my friend

Do and does function as:

a) do / does as a verb (the full verb)

- I do my home work everyday

(I do my homework every day)

b) do / does as an Auxiliary Verb (verb)

do used to subject = I, We, They and You

Functions do / does for auxiliary verb is:

c) Negates interrogatives sentences

- I do not go to school everyday

- Do not I go to school everyday?

3 Have / Has: have / has / have

Have / has has 2 functions, namely:

As a full verb (verb) means to have

Examples have (has):

- (+): We have a new teacher

- (-): We have not a new teacher

Example has (have):

- (+): He has a new book

- (-): He has a new book

- (?): Has he a new book?

1) Have / has a full verb (Verb)

- (+): You have a new dictionary

- (-): You have not a new dictionary

- (?): Have you a new dictionary?

- (-?): Have you not a new dictionary?

2) Have / has as helpers (Auxiliary)

- (+): I have moved into a new house

- (-): I have not moved into a new

- (?): Have I moved into a new house?

- (-?): Have I not moved into a new house

Auciliaries modals is an auxiliary verb has a meaning and complement

No Modal English Similar expression of modal

2. Conclusion devide became 2 :

B. Imposiblity, devide became 4

Modal auxiliaries Are followed by the tenses form

Conclusion (possitility / impossibility)

The function of modal

BIBLIOGRAPHY CHAPTER III

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