Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 33 views

    Marine & Costal Hazard

    Uploaded by

    Kelvs
    The document discusses marine and coastal processes and hazards. It defines coastal zones as areas near the sea that contain sensitive ecosystems. Marine systems extend outward from coastal zones and include nearshore and offshore areas. Coastal processes that can cause hazards include waves, tides, sea level change, and storm surge. Three main types of coastal hazards are coastal erosion from waves/storms, submersion of coastal sediments, and saltwater intrusion into freshwater aquifers near the coast. Mitigation methods aim to monitor, assess and counteract these hazards through maintaining vegetation, artificial recharge of aquifers, and structures like jetties, seawalls, and breakwaters.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Marine & Costal Hazard

    Uploaded by

    Kelvs
    33 views2 pages
    The document discusses marine and coastal processes and hazards. It defines coastal zones as areas near the sea that contain sensitive ecosystems. Marine systems extend outward from coastal zones and include nearshore and offshore areas. Coastal processes that can cause hazards include waves, tides, sea level change, and storm surge. Three main types of coastal hazards are coastal erosion from waves/storms, submersion of coastal sediments, and saltwater intrusion into freshwater aquifers near the coast. Mitigation methods aim to monitor, assess and counteract these hazards through maintaining vegetation, artificial recharge of aquifers, and structures like jetties, seawalls, and breakwaters.

    Original Title

    MARINE & COSTAL HAZARD

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses marine and coastal processes and hazards. It defines coastal zones as areas near the sea that contain sensitive ecosystems. Marine systems extend outward from coastal zones and include nearshore and offshore areas. Coastal processes that can cause hazards include waves, tides, sea level change, and storm surge. Three main types of coastal hazards are coastal erosion from waves/storms, submersion of coastal sediments, and saltwater intrusion into freshwater aquifers near the coast. Mitigation methods aim to monitor, assess and counteract these hazards through maintaining vegetation, artificial recharge of aquifers, and structures like jetties, seawalls, and breakwaters.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    33 views2 pages

    Marine & Costal Hazard

    Uploaded by

    Kelvs
    The document discusses marine and coastal processes and hazards. It defines coastal zones as areas near the sea that contain sensitive ecosystems. Marine systems extend outward from coastal zones and include nearshore and offshore areas. Coastal processes that can cause hazards include waves, tides, sea level change, and storm surge. Three main types of coastal hazards are coastal erosion from waves/storms, submersion of coastal sediments, and saltwater intrusion into freshwater aquifers near the coast. Mitigation methods aim to monitor, assess and counteract these hazards through maintaining vegetation, artificial recharge of aquifers, and structures like jetties, seawalls, and breakwaters.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    MARINE, COASTAL PROCESSES AND HAZARDS

    COAST(BAYBAYIN) - this is the part of the land near the sea.


    ● Contains some of the worlds sensitive and threatened ecosystems such as mangroves,
    beach forest, seagrass and coral reefs

    MARINE SYSTEMS - are the largest of earth's aquatic ecosystems. Includes nearshore system
    and extends outward from the coast to include offshore system

    COASTAL PROCESSES - are events happening in the marine environment.


    ● Include waves, tides, sea level change, crustal movement and storm surge.

    WAVES - are caused by the movement of the air masses in the coastal environment
    TIDES - Refers to a very long period waves that move through the oceans in response to the
    forces exerted by the moon and sun
    SEA LEVEL CHANGE - is a result of the rise of ocean water which can be attributed to the
    melting of glaciers or iceberg in the polar regions

    COASTAL HAZARDS - caused by different coastal processes that expose marine


    environments to risk of property damage, loss of life, and ecological degradation.

    3 TYPES OF COASTAL HAZARDS

    1. COASTAL EROSION - is the loss or displacement of land along the coastline due to the
    action of waves, currents, tides or other impacts of storms.
    2. SUBMERSION - movement of coastal sediments from the visible portion of a beach to
    the submerged nearshore region of the coast.

    3. SALTWATER INTRUSION - is the induced flow of seawater into freshwater aquifers


    primarily caused by ground water development near the coast.
    Aquifer - is an underground layer of permeable rocks, gravel sand or silt

    Natural flow…

    FRESH WATER (less dense) moves towards SALTWATER (more dense)

    MITIGATION METHODS
    ● Maintaining plant cover - results to improved vegetation
    ● Monitoring and assessment - ensures effective management of cases
    ● Artificial recharge - pumps, freshwater to the reservoir/aquifer
    ● Jetties - prevent coastal erosion by promoting beach build ups as they trap sand
    ● Seawalls - counteract waves that hit the shore
    ● Groins/Stone barriers - keeps sand from eroding
    ● Breakwaters - constructed along coasts to prevent further advancement of saltwater
    ● Beach nourishment - large amount of sand is added to the coast
    ● Installation of small walls & sandbags - used to counteract waves hitting the shore
    ● Beach dewatering - involves pumping out water from the shore to prevent erosion
    ● Ban of mining activities - can cause decrease in pollutants

    You might also like