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    Beach-Barrier Islands System PDF

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    Shilpa Patil
    This document discusses siliciclastic transitional environments, specifically beach and barrier island systems. It describes the factors that influence the development of these environments such as coastal morphology, waves, tides, sediment influx, and climate. It defines mainland beaches as attached to land, while barrier beaches are separated from land by a shallow lagoon or estuary. Barrier island complexes can include the mainland, back-barrier lagoon, barrier island, inlets, and shoreface. The type of beaches that form depends on the tidal range, from microtidal beaches with washover lobes to mesotidal beaches with more tidal inlets and macrotidal beaches with mangroves.

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    Beach-Barrier Islands System PDF

    Uploaded by

    Shilpa Patil
    199 views26 pages
    This document discusses siliciclastic transitional environments, specifically beach and barrier island systems. It describes the factors that influence the development of these environments such as coastal morphology, waves, tides, sediment influx, and climate. It defines mainland beaches as attached to land, while barrier beaches are separated from land by a shallow lagoon or estuary. Barrier island complexes can include the mainland, back-barrier lagoon, barrier island, inlets, and shoreface. The type of beaches that form depends on the tidal range, from microtidal beaches with washover lobes to mesotidal beaches with more tidal inlets and macrotidal beaches with mangroves.

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    This document discusses siliciclastic transitional environments, specifically beach and barrier island systems. It describes the factors that influence the development of these environments such as coastal morphology, waves, tides, sediment influx, and climate. It defines mainland beaches as attached to land, while barrier beaches are separated from land by a shallow lagoon or estuary. Barrier island complexes can include the mainland, back-barrier lagoon, barrier island, inlets, and shoreface. The type of beaches that form depends on the tidal range, from microtidal beaches with washover lobes to mesotidal beaches with more tidal inlets and macrotidal beaches with mangroves.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    199 views26 pages

    Beach-Barrier Islands System PDF

    Uploaded by

    Shilpa Patil
    This document discusses siliciclastic transitional environments, specifically beach and barrier island systems. It describes the factors that influence the development of these environments such as coastal morphology, waves, tides, sediment influx, and climate. It defines mainland beaches as attached to land, while barrier beaches are separated from land by a shallow lagoon or estuary. Barrier island complexes can include the mainland, back-barrier lagoon, barrier island, inlets, and shoreface. The type of beaches that form depends on the tidal range, from microtidal beaches with washover lobes to mesotidal beaches with more tidal inlets and macrotidal beaches with mangroves.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 26
    At a glance
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    The key takeaways are that the document discusses different types of beaches like mainland beaches, barrier beaches and strand plains. It also talks about factors influencing the formation of beaches and barrier islands like coastal morphology, waves, tides, sediment influx and climate.

    Mainland beaches are attached directly to the land while barrier island beaches are separated from the mainland by a shallow lagoon, estuary or marsh.

    The different types of beaches mentioned are mainland beaches, barrier beaches and strand plains which are beach ridge systems lacking lagoons. Strand plains can also be in the form of chenier plains consisting of sandy ridges along the coast separated by mudflats.

    Siliciclastic Transitional Environments:

    Beach & Barrier Island Systems


    Which of these environments will co-exist depends on:
    Coastal Morphology: broad shallow / narrow deep continental shelves
    Wave influence
    Tidal influence
    Sediment influx
    Climate
    Mainland Beaches Barrier Beaches
    Beaches Mainland beaches are long, Barrier-island beaches are similar
    narrow accumulations of sand to mainland beaches but are
    aligned parallel to the shoreline separated from land by a shallow
    and attached to land. lagoon, estuary, or marsh.
    Cliffs Bodies of beach sand are typically They are also commonly
    cut across here and there by dissected by tidal channels or
    headlands and sea cliffs, inlets.
    estuaries, river deltas, tidal
    inlets, bays, and lagoons

    Barrier Beach
    Mainland Beach
    Depositional Setting

    Beach and barrier-island complexes are best developed on


    wave-dominated coasts where tidal range is small to moderate.
    Coasts are classified on the basis of tidal range into three
    groups:
    1) Microtidal (0-2 m tidal range),
    2)Mesotidal (2-4 m tidal range),
    3)Macrotidal (>4 m tidal range).
    Types of Beaches
    Deposits of the beach and barrier-island environment can occur as one
    of the following:
    Mainland Beach: a single beach attached to the mainland
    a broader beach-ridge system that constitutes a strand plain that consists of multiple
    parallel beach ridges and parallel swales but that generally lacks well-developed lagoons or
    marshes
    a barrier island separated wholly or partly from the mainland by a lagoon or marsh
    A type of strand plain consisting of sandy ridges elongated along the coast and separated by
    coastal mudflat deposits is called a chenier plain.
    Types of Beaches
    Deposits of the beach and barrier-island environment can
    occur as one of the following:
    Mainland Beach: a single beach attached to the mainland
    Types of Beaches
    Deposits of the beach and barrier-island environment can
    occur as one of the following:
    a broader beach-ridge system that constitutes a strand plain that
    consists of multiple parallel beach ridges and parallel swales but that
    generally lacks well-developed lagoons or marshes.

    Strand Plains
    Subenvironments
    Deposits of the beach and barrier-island environment can
    occur as one of the following:
    a barrier island separated wholly or partly from the mainland by a
    lagoon or marsh.
    Types of Beaches
    Deposits of the beach and barrier-island environment can
    occur as one of the following:
    A type of strand plain consisting of sandy ridges elongated along the
    coast and separated by coastal mudflat deposits is called a chenier
    plain.
    Barrier Island Complex
    Complex sedimentary systems with a variety of subenvironments

    the mainland,
    a backbarrier lagoon,
    barrier island,
    inlets and inlet deltas,
    barrier platform, and
    the shoreface
    Microtidal, wave-dominated barrier islands, Texas

    Back-Barrier Lagoon

    Barrier Island
    Tidal
    Inlet
    30 km

    Tidal
    Inlet
    Mesotidal, tide-dominated barrier islands (Savannah, GA)

    Back-Barrier Tidal Flat

    Barrier Island

    10 km
    Barrier Island
    Meso- to macrotidal barrier islands (Brazil)
    10 km
    Barrier Island

    Back-Barrier Mangrove Swamp


    Prograding barrier islands, Gulf of Carpentaria
    (Australia)

    5 km

    Prograding Barrier Island

    Arid Back-Barrier Tidal Flat


    Microtidal barriers are rarely overtopped by high tides, so tidal channels rare;
    dominance by wave processes (washover lobes and flood tidal deltas) instead

    Tidal Range <2 m 2-4 m >4 m


    Washover fans are common constituents of microtidal, storm-influenced
    barriers
    Form by storm surge deposition of sand in the back-barrier or lagoon
    Mesotidal barriers are more frequently overtopped by high tides; have
    more numerous tidal inlets and dominance by tidal currents

    Tidal Range
    <2 m 2-4 m >4 m
    Tidal deltas and inlet are present in all barrier islands but more
    numerous (and more important in rock record) as tidal range
    increases

    Ebb tidal delta


    Flood tidal delta

    Migrating tidal inlet


    Tidal inlet

    Tidal inlet
    Incoming (flood) current fastest on margins
    Outgoing (ebb) current fastest in channel base
    Rapid lateral migration due to erosion Deep channels, slow lateral migration
    and longshore sediment drift
    Tidal inlet
    ravinement may
    erode flood tidal
    delta and lagoon
    sediments

    In retrograding barrier islands,


    shoreface wave ravinement
    surface typically removes
    beach and dune facies
    Questionaire
    1) With illustration define the various components of beach system and its deposits.
    2) State how mainland beaches differ from beaches of Barrier Islands.
    3) Describe the different types of beaches.
    4) State the factors that contribute to the formation of the Barrier Bar complex.
    5) What are washover fans?
    6) Describe the sequence of flood tidal inlet in a barrier bar system
    7) Describe the sequence of ebb tidal inlet in a barrier bar system.
    References
    Allen, J.R.L., 1984. Sedimentary structures, their characters, and physical basis: Developments in
    Sedimentology; Elsevier Scientific Publications, Amsterdam; 30A, 593p; 30B, 663p.
    Collinson, J.D., Thompson, D.B., 1982. Sedimentary structures. George Allen & Unwin, London.
    Dalrymple, R.W., 1992. Tidal depositional systems. In: Walker, R.G.,James, N.P. (Eds.), Facies
    Models: Response to Sea Level Change. Geological Association of Canada, St. John's, pp. 195218.
    Gerhard Einsele (1992) Sedimentary Basins: Evolution, Facies and Sediment Budget. ISBN 3-540-
    54743-6; Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1992; 628 p., 269
    Reading, H.G. & Collinson, J.D. (1996) Clastic coasts. In: Sedimentary Environments: Processes,
    Facies and Stratigraphy (Ed. Reading, H.G.). Blackwell Science, Oxford; 154231.
    Reineck, H.E & Singh, I.B. (1980) Depositional Sedimentary Environments With Reference to
    Terrigenous Clastics. ISBN: 978-3-540-10189-5.
    Nichols, Gary. Sedimentology and stratigraphy 2nd ed.
    http://www.terapeak.com/worth/palm-island-florida-barrier-island-home-site-land-no-reserve-
    pirates-treasure/131595991130/
    http://ksuweb.kennesaw.edu/~jdirnber/oceanography/LecuturesOceanogr/LecWaves/LecWav
    es.html

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