Annals of Pure and Applied Mathematics Annals of

Vol. 9, No. 1, 2014, 107-117

ISSN: 2279-087X (P), 2279-0888(online)
Published on 20 January 2015
www.researchmathsci.org

Reverse order Triangular, Trapezoidal and Pentagonal

Fuzzy Numbers
T.Pathinathan1 and K.Ponnivalavan2
Departmentof Mathematics, Loyola College, Chennai –600034,India.
1
Email: [email protected]; 2Email: [email protected]
Received 27 December 2014; accepted 6 January 2015
Abstract. In this paper we define reverse order triangular fuzzy number and reverse order
pentagonal fuzzy number with the help of triangular fuzzy number. We also define
reverse order trapezoidal fuzzy number with the help of trapezoidal fuzzy number. we
include basic arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction for reverse order triangular
fuzzy number and reverse order trapezoidal fuzzy number. We have also verified with
examples for the above mentioned operations.
Keywords: Fuzzy numbers,triangular fuzzy number, reverse order triangular fuzzy
number, reverse order trapezoidal fuzzy number, reverse order pentagonal fuzzy number,
fuzzy operations
AMS Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): 94Dxx

1. Introduction
Zadeh introduced fuzzy set theory in 1965. Different types of fuzzy sets [3] are defined in
order to clear the vagueness of the existing problems. A fuzzy number [9], is a quantity
whose values are imprecise, rather than exact as in the case with single-valued function.
The concept of fuzzy numbers is the generalization of the concept of real numbers.
D.Dubois and H.Prade has defined fuzzy number as a fuzzy subset of the real line [5,12].
So far fuzzy numbers like triangular fuzzy numbers [4], trapezoidal fuzzy numbers
[2,10], Pentagonal fuzzy numbers [11], Hexagonal, Octagonal , pyramid fuzzy numbers
and Diamond fuzzy number [14] have been introduced with its membership functions.
These numbers have got many applications [7] like non-linear equations, risk analysis
and reliability. Many operations [8,1,6] were done using fuzzy numbers.
In the case, of triangular fuzzy number, the membership function characterizing a
fuzzy number has one maximum on the supporting interval but in the case of
trapezoidal fuzzy number, the requirement of one maximum has been relaxed allowing a
flat segment at level α = 1.
In order to gain more diversity and to describe large number of linguistic
variables [13], we allow minimum instead of maximum or a flat segment at level α = 0.
We give three functions, with respect to the axis α defined on bounded supporting
interval . If a bounded interval is more suitable we can restrict x between its end points. A
shift of the function to the left or right can be easily made. Also if the interest is in a large

107
 T.Pathinathan and K.Ponnivalavan
variable which is either positive or negative. Then correspondingly only values, x ≥ 0 or
x ≤ 0 are to be considered.When the supporting interval considered is unbounded we get
Bell shaped fuzzy numbers.
In this paper, we introduce reverse order triangular fuzzy number (rotfn)with its
membership functions, reverse order trapezoidal fuzzy number and reverse order
pentagonal fuzzy number with its membership functions. Section one is the introduction
and section two presents the basic definitions of fuzzy numbers; section three presents
reverse order triangular fuzzy number and its arithmetic operations; section four
presents reverse order trapezoidal fuzzy number and its arithmetic operations, and finally
section five presents reverse order pentagonal fuzzy number.

2. Preliminaries and notations

Definition 2.1.(Fuzzy set): A fuzzy set is characterized by a membership function

mapping the elements of a domain, space or universe of discourse X to the unit interval
[0, 1]. A fuzzy set A in a universe of discourse X is defined as the following set of pairs:
ɶ
A = {( x ,µ ( x ); x ∈ X }
A
ɶ µ Aɶ : X → [0,1] is
ɶ
Here a mapping called the degree of membership function of the
fuzzy set A and µA( x ) is called the membership value of x ∈ X in the fuzzy set
ɶ ɶ
A. These membership grades are often represented by real numbers ranging from [0,1].
ɶ
Definition 2.2. (Fuzzy Number): A Fuzzy number A is a fuzzy set on the real line R,
must satisfy the following conditions. ɶ
(i) µ ( x ) is piecewise continous
o
A
∼
(ii) There exist atleast one xo ∈ R with µ Aɶ ( x0 ) = 1
(iii) A must be normal and convex
ɶ
Definition 2.3. (Triangular Fuzzy Number): Triangular Fuzzy Number is defined as A =
{a,b,c}, where all a, b, c are real numbers and its membership function is given below.ɶ
 ( x − a)
 (b − a) for a ≤ x ≤ b

µ Aɶ ( x) =  (c − x) for b ≤ x ≤ c
 ( c − b)
 0 otherwise



Definition 2.4. (Trapezoidal Fuzzy Number): A fuzzy set A = (a, b, c, d) is said to

trapezoidal fuzzy number if its membership function is given ɶby where a ≤ b ≤ c ≤ d

108
 Reverse order Triangular, Trapezoidal and Pentagonal Fuzzy Numbers
 0 for x < a
 ( x − a)
 for a ≤ x ≤ b
 (b − a)
µ Aɶ ( x) =  1 for b ≤ x ≤ c
 (d − x)
 for c ≤ x ≤ d
 (d − c)
 0 for x > d

Definition: 2.5. (Pentagonal Fuzzy Number): A Pentagonal Fuzzy Number (PFN) of a
fuzzy set A is defined as A = {a, b, c, d, e}, and its membership function is given by,
ɶ ∼P

 0 fo r x < a ,
 (x − a)
 fo r a ≤ x ≤ b
 (b − a )
 (x − b)
 fo r b ≤ x ≤ c
 (c − b )
µ (x) =
AP

 1 x = c
ɶ
 (d − x)
 fo r c ≤ x ≤ d
 (d − c)
 (e − x )
 fo r d ≤ x ≤ e
 (e − d )
 0 fo r x > e


Definition: 2.6 (Diamond Fuzzy Number) A Diamond Fuzzy Number (DFN) of a fuzzy
set A is defined as A
∼D
= {a, b, c, ( αb βb )}, and its membership function is given by,
ɶ
 0 fo r x < a ,

 (x − a) fo r a ≤ x ≤ b
 (b − a )

 (c − x ) fo r b ≤ x ≤ c
 (c − b )


µ A
(x) = 
 α b - base
∼ D  (a − x)
 fo r a ≤ x ≤ b
 (a − b)
 (x − c)
 fo r b ≤ x ≤ c
 (b − c )
1 x = βb

 0 o th e r w is e

109
 T.Pathinathan and K.Ponnivalavan
where αb is the base of the triangle a βb c and also for the reverse order reflection of the
above triangle, namely abc.
3. Reverse order Triangular fuzzy number
Definition 3.1. (Reverse order triangular fuzzy number). A fuzzy set A is defined as
ɶ
A = {-a,0,b} is said to be reverse order triangular fuzzy number(RoTFN) if its
ɶt
membership function is given by

 1 for x ≤ −a

−1 x for − a ≤ x ≤ 0

µA ( x ) =  a
∼t  1 x for 0 ≤ x ≤ b
 b

 1 for x ≥ b
1

−a 0 b
Figure 1: Graphical representation of reverse order triangular fuzzy number (RoTFN).

Example: An reverse order triangular fuzzy number, µ A t = (-3,0,2) and its

ɶ
membership is given as,

 1 for x ≤ −3

−1 x for − 3 ≤ x ≤ 0

µA ( x ) =  3
∼t  1 x for 0 ≤ x ≤ 2
 2

 1 for x ≥ 2

α - Cut of reverse order triangular fuzzy number

1
− x = α ⇒ − x = 3α
3

110
 Reverse order Triangular, Trapezoidal and Pentagonal Fuzzy Numbers
1
x = α ⇒ x = 2α
2
Atα = [- aα , bα ]=[ −3α,2α ]
ɶ
1

α − cut

Figure 2: Graphical representation of α - Cut of reverse order triangular fuzzy

number(RoTFN).
When ( α =0.5), we get A0.5 = [-1.5,1],
Also when ( α =0), At0 = [ −a0 , b0 ] = [-3,2].
ɶ
3.2 Conditions on reverse order triangular fuzzy number.
An reverse order triangular Fuzzy Number At should satisfy the following conditions;
ɶ
(i) µ A t ( x ) is a continuous function in the interval [1,0]
ɶ
(ii) µ A t ( x ) is strictly decreasing and continuous function on [-a, 0]
ɶ
(iii) µ A t ( x ) is strictly increasing and continuous function on [0,b]
ɶ

3.3. Arithmetic operations on reverse order triangular fuzzy number (ROTFN)

3.3.1. Addition of two reverse order triangular fuzzy numbers

If At , = (-a1 ,0,b1 ) and Bt = (-a 2 ,0,b2 ); are two reverse order fuzzy numbers then,
ɶ ɶ
A t + Bt = (− a1 − a 2 , b1 + b2 ) .
ɶ ɶ
For example;

If , A = (−2,0,1); B = (−3,0,2); . Then, At + Bt = ( −5,0,3 )

∼t ∼t ɶ ɶ
3.3.2. Subraction of two reverse order triangular fuzzy numbers

If At , = (a1 , 0, b1 ) and Bt = (a2 ,0, b2 ); are two reverse order fuzzy numbers then,
ɶ ɶ
At − Bt = (a1 − b2 , b1 − a2 )
ɶ ɶ

111
 T.Pathinathan and K.Ponnivalavan

For example;
If , At = ( −4,0,2 ); Bt = ( −3,0,1) then, At − Bt = (−1,0,1)
ɶ ɶ ɶ ɶ
3.3.3 Perfect reverse order triangular fuzzy number
A perfect reverse order triangular fuzzy number(PROTFN) is definsd as APt =
ɶ
( −a,o,a ) , Where the numerical value of -a and a both are equal. In other words
Perfect Reverse order triangular fuzzy number(PROTFN) preserves symmetry.
For example; APt = ( −2,0,2 )
ɶ
1

−2 0 2
Figure 3: Graphical representation of perfect reverse order triangular fuzzy number
(PRoTFN).

4. Reverse order Trapezoidal fuzzy number.

Definition: 4.1. (Reverse order trapezoidal fuzzy number). A fuzzy set A is defined as
A
ɶ
= {-a,-b,c,d}is said to be reverse order trapezoidal fuzzy number(ROTRFN) if its
ɶ tr
membership function is given by

 1 for x ≤ −a

−1( x + b )
 for − a ≤ x ≤ −b
 a − b
µA ( x ) =  0 for − b ≤ x ≤ c
∼ tr  1( x − c )
 for c ≤ x ≤ d
 d − c

 1 for x ≥ d

112
 Reverse order Triangular, Trapezoidal and Pentagonal Fuzzy Numbers

−a −b 0 c d

Figure 4: Graphical representation of reverse order trapezoidal fuzzy number (RoTRFN).

Example: An reverse order trapezoidal fuzzy number, µ A tr = (-3,-2 ,1,3,) and its
ɶ
membership is given as,

 1 for x ≤ −3

−1( x + 2 )
 for − 3 ≤ x ≤ −2
 3 − 2
µ A ( x ) =  0 for − 2 ≤ x ≤ 1
∼ tr  1( x − 1 )
 for 1 ≤ x ≤ 3
 3 − 1

 1 for x ≥ 3

α - Cut of reverse order trapezoidal fuzzy number

−1( x + 2)
= α ⇒ x = −α − 2 ,
3− 2
1( x − 1)
= α ⇒ x = 2α + 1
3 −1

Atrα =[ −α − 2,2α +1]

ɶ
When ( α =0.5), we get A0.5 = [-2.5,2],
Also when ( α =0), At0 = [-3,-2,1,3].
ɶ

113
 T.Pathinathan and K.Ponnivalavan
1

α − cut

Figure 5: Graphical representation of α - Cut of reverse order trapezoidal fuzzy number

(RoTRFN).

4.2. Conditions on reverse order trapezoidal fuzzy number.

An reverse order trapezoidal Fuzzy Number Atr should satisfy the following conditions;
ɶ
(i) µ A tr ( x ) is a continuous function in the interval [1,0]
ɶ
(ii) µ A tr ( x ) is strictly decreasing and continuous function on [-a,-b]
ɶ
(iii) µ A tr ( x ) is strictly increasing and continuous function on [c,d]
ɶ

4.3. Arithmetic operations on reverse order trapezoidal fuzzy number (ROTRFN)

4.3.1. Addition of two reverse order trapezoidal fuzzy numbers

If At r , = (−a1 , −b1 , c1, d1 ) and Bt r = (-a 2 , − b2 , c2, , d2 ); are two reverse order trapezoidal
ɶ ɶ
fuzzy numbers then, A t r + Bt r = (− a1 − a 2 , − b1 − b2 , c1 + c2 , d1 + d2 ) .
ɶ ɶ
For example;

If , A = (−4, −2,1,2); B = (−3, −1,2,3); .

∼ tr ∼ tr

Then, Atr + Btr = ( −7,−3,3,5 ).

ɶ ɶ
4.3.2. Subraction of two reverse order trapezoidal fuzzy numbers
If Atr , = (−a1 , −b1 , c1 , d1 ) and B t r = (-a 2 , − b 2 , c2, , d 2 ); are two reverse order
ɶ ɶ
trapezoidal fuzzy numbers then,
Atr − Btr = ( − a1 − d 2 , −b1 − c2 , c1 + b2 , d1 + a 2 ) .
ɶ ɶ
For example;
If , Atr = ( −4,−1,3,4 ); Btr = ( −3,−2,2,3 ) then, Atr − Btr = (−7, −3,5,7)
ɶ ɶ ɶ ɶ
114
 Reverse order Triangular, Trapezoidal and Pentagonal Fuzzy Numbers
4.3.3. Perfect reverse order trapezoidal fuzzy number
A perfect reverse order trapezoidal fuzzy number(PRTRFN) is definsd as APtr =
ɶ
( −a,−b,b,a ) , Where the numerical value of -a and a both are equal. In other words
Perfect Reverse order trapezoidal fuzzy number(PRoTRFN) preserves symmetry.
For example;
APtr = ( − 2,− 1,1,2 )
ɶ

Figure 6: Graphical representation of perfect reverse order trapezoidal fuzzy number

(PRoTRFN).
5. Reverse order Pentagonal fuzzy number.
Definition 5.1. (Reverse order Pentagonal fuzzy number). A fuzzy set A is defined as
ɶ
A P = {-a,-b,0,c,d}is said to be reverse order Pentagonal fuzzy number(ROPFN) if its
ɶmembership function is given by

 1 for x ≤ −a

 −1
 x for − a ≤ x ≤ −b
 a
 −1
 x for − b ≤ x ≤ 0
µA ( x ) =  b
∼P  1
x for 0 ≤ x ≤ c
 c

 1
 x for c ≤ x ≤ d
 d
 1 for x ≥ d

115
 T.Pathinathan and K.Ponnivalavan

Figure 7: Graphical representation of reverse order pentagonal fuzzy number (RoPFN).

Example: A perfect reverse order pentagonal fuzzy number, µ AP = (-5,-2 ,0,2,5,) and
ɶ
its membership is given as,

 1 for x ≤ −5

 −1
 x for − 5 ≤ x ≤ −2
 5
 −1
 x for − 2 ≤ x ≤ 0
µA ( x ) =  2
∼P  1
x for 0 ≤ x ≤ 2
 2

 1
 x for 2 ≤ x ≤ 5
5

 1 for x ≥ 5

Figure 8: Graphical representation of perfect reverse order pentagonal fuzzy number

(RoPFN).

116
 Reverse order Triangular, Trapezoidal and Pentagonal Fuzzy Numbers
6. Conclusion
The concept of fuzzy numbers and their utility aspects have been studied by researchers
in recent times. Categorization of fuzzy numbers and their related properties have
initiated new notions and approaches. In this paper, the Reverse Order Triangular Fuzzy
Number and Reverse Order Trapezoidal Fuzzy Number has been introduced with
arithmetic operations. Using a few examples,we have explained the relevant arithmetic
operations. Also we defined Reverse Order Pentagonal Fuzzy Number. We observe that
fuzzy number concepts could be applied to many real life problem.
REFERENCES
1. A.Bansal, Some non linear arithmetic operations on triangular fuzzy number (m,α,β),
Advances in Fuzzy Mathematics, 5 (2010) 147-156.
2. C.Wu, G.Wang, Convergence of sequences of fuzzy numbers and fixed point
theorems for inceasing fuzzy mappings and application, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 130
(2002) 383–390.
3. Barnabas Bede, Mathematics of fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic, Springer Publications,
295, (1992) 51-78.
4. D.Dinagar and K.Latha, Some types of Type-2 Triangular Fuzzy Matrices,
International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 82(1) (2013) 21-32.
5. D.Dubois and H.Prade, Operations on fuzzy numbers, International Journal of
Systems Science, 9(6) (1978) 613-626.
6. P.Dutta and A.A.Tazid, Fuzzy arithmetic with and without α-cut method; a
comparative study, International Journal of latest trends in Computing, 3 (2011)
528- 534.
7. K.H.Lee, First course on Fuzzy Theory and Applications, Springer, 2005.
8. M.Hanss, Applied Fuzzy Arithmetic: An Introduction with Engineering Applications,
Springer, 2005.
9. G.J.Klir and B.Yuan, Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy logic, Prentice Hall of India Private
Limited, 2005.
10. C.Parvathi and C.Malathi, Arithmetic operations on symmetric trapezoidal
intuitionistic fuzzy numbers, International Journal of Soft Computing and
Engineering, 2 (2012) 268-273.
11. T.Pathinathan and K.Ponnivalavan, Pentagonal fuzzy numbers, International Journal
of Computing Algorithm, 3 (2014) 1003-1005.
12. B.Abhinav, Trapezoidal fuzzy numbers (a,b,c,d); arithmetic behavior, International
Journal of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, 2, (2011) 39-44.
13. G.Bojadziev and M.Bojadzier, Fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic applications, World
Scientific Publications, 5 (1995) 29-59.(Advances in Fuzzy systems)
14. T.Pathinathan and K.Ponnivalavan, Diamond fuzzy numbers, to appear in Journal of
Fuzzy Set Valued Analysis.

117