Bench-Top LCR Meters 2018

Technical Excellence Program MARCH 2018
Welcome to the training session for the Keysight bench-top Impedance measurement
solutions available through the Keysight Distribution Channels. We will show you how
these industry leading products are some of the easiest to sell.
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• Impedance measurement and application overview
• Fundamentals of LCR / Impedance
• LCR meters / Impedance analysis solutions from Keysight Technologies
• Useful information resources
Keysight Confidential 2
This training course provides fundamental technical information on impedance

measurements, and then introduces Keysight impedance measurement solutions
including the E4980A/AL, E4981A, and E4982A LCR Meters and the E5061B network
analyzer with its unique impedance measurement option.
You will also see some accessories such as test fixtures and competitive information in
the impedance measurement market.
Lastly, various technical resources such as brochures and application notes will be
introduced.
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- Have been a market leader since 1960s #1
- Dominate majority of market by its performance

~50
Years
- Cover from basic to advanced
- Cover from general purpose to manufacturing
Powerful products that contribute to your success!
Keysight (including our HP and Agilent heritage) has been dominant in the impedance
measurement equipment business for almost 50 years.
The LCR meters and impedance analyzers from Keysight Technologies have been
providing fast and accurate LCR and Impedance measurements across various
industries and applications from general purpose markets such as education and R&D to
high-volume manufacturing applications.
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#1 Superior Product Performance
• Provides best-in-class accuracy and repeatability with fast
measurement speed
Complete Solution
• Widest coverage frequency range and impedance range
• Widest variety of accessories
LCR & Impedance Measurement Expertise

~50
Years • Experience providing impedance measurement solutions for decades
• Technical publications for many different applications
So why do customers buy Keysight’s impedance measurement products? The number 1

reason is because we provide best-in-class accuracy and repeatability with fast
measurement speed.
Our solutions also have a very wide impedance measurement range, and we also
supply a wide variety of test fixtures to accommodate various kinds of components.
With Keysight’s superior performance and abundant accessories it allows us to provide

complete solutions to a variety of impedance measurement applications.
Keysight is considered the #1 supplier due to our product performance, broad portfolio
and application expertise.
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W H AT I S “ I M P E D A N C E ” ?
Impedance: Total opposition a device or Real part Imaginary part
circuit offers to the flow of AC. It is

expressed as Z. Z = R + jX = |Z| 
V [V] Magnituide Phase
Z []=
I [A]
R = |Z| cos 
+j X = |Z| sin 
Z
X
Imaginary axis
|Z| = R2 + X2
|Z|
 = tan-1(X/R)

Real axis Unit of impedance: ohm ()
R
Electrical impedance is the measure of the opposition that a circuit presents to a current when a voltage is applied. In quantitative terms, it is the complex ratio of the voltage to the current in
an alternating current (AC) circuit. Impedance extends the concept of resistance to AC circuits, and possesses both magnitude and phase, unlike resistance, which has only magnitude.
(Wikipedia)
Let’s quickly review the basics of impedance.
What is impedance?
Electrical impedance is the measure of the opposition that a circuit presents to a current
when a voltage is applied.
In quantitative terms, it is the complex ratio of the voltage to the current in an (AC)
alternating current circuit. Impedance extends the concept of resistance to AC circuits,
and possesses both magnitude and phase, unlike resistance, which has only magnitude.
The impedance is often expressed as Z, a vector quantity.

The real part of the impedance is called resistance and the imaginary part of it is called
reactance.
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V A R I O U S P A R A M E T E R S R E L AT E D T O “ I M P E D A N C E ”
L (Inductance) C (Capacitance)
XL= 2fL = L 1 1
XC = =
: Angular frequency (= 2f)
2fC C
R jXL -jXC
R
Z R
jXL




-jXC
R Z
XL -XC 1
Q = quality factor = = D = dissipation factor =
R R Q
= tan  = tan 
When the phase is >0 deg or the reactance is positive, it is inductive.
On the other hand, when the phase is <0 deg or the reactance is negative, it is
capacitive.
The inductance and the capacitance are derived by these equations from the measured
impedance and those depend on the frequency so customers need to measure the
components at the actual operating frequencies.
When typical passive components like inductors and capacitors are measured,
customers measure the inductance or the capacitance of the components and also
measure the quality factor Q (= X/R) or the dissipation factor D (= R/X) together. These
parameters are indicators of the energy loss or the quality of the components.
The quality factor (X/R) and the dissipation factor (R/X) are both used to express the
energy loss of the device.
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1 MHz – 0.5/ 1 / 3 GHz E4991B Impedance Analyzer
20 Hz – 10 M/ 20 M/ 30 M/ 50M/ 120 MHz E4990A Impedance Analyzer
Direct channel products

5 Hz – 0.5 / 1.5 / 3 GHz E5061B ENA Network Analyzer
w/opt 3Lx and 005
1 MHz – 0.3 / 0.5 /1 /3 GHz
E4982A LCR meter
20 Hz – 2 MHz
E4980A precision LCR meter
20 Hz – 300 kHz/500 kHz/1 MHz
E4980AL precision LCR meter
120 Hz, 1 kHz, 1 MHz E4981A capacitance meter
DC/100/120/1 k/10 k/100 kHz U1700 Series Handheld LCR Meters
10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M 1G 10G Distribution channel products

Frequency (Hz) depending on each region
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There are two types of impedance measurement instruments - impedance analyzers,

and LCR meters.
Only the LCR meters (as shown in the green box) are available in the Distribution
Channel – however their availability is region dependent.
• In Greater China and Europe, all products in the green box are distribution products
• For the Americas region, all LCR meters - with the exception of the E5061B - are
distribution products
• And in some Asian countries, the E4980AL LCR meter is the only distribution product
We will review each product in a minute, but first let’s review the target market and
applications.
Capacitor Inductor Resistor Resonator
10 pF, 1 μF, 1 kohm
etc. 20 MHz
100 nH, 1 mH,
etc.
C: Capacitance L: Inductance Z: Resonate Impedance

R: Resistance
D: Dissipation factor Q: Quality factor Fr: Resonance Frequency
These are all impedance related parameters!
Material Semiconductor In-circuit Test

εr =2.1, ..
10 pF, 1 μF, 1 kohm
etc.
100 nH, 1 mH, 10 pF, 1 μF,

etc. etc.
εr: Relative Permittivity C-V: Capacitance-Voltage Z: Impedance

μr: Relative Permeability C: Capacitance
L: Inductance
As you can see, various types of components & devices are evaluated with respect to
impedance.
Passive components like capacitors, inductors and resistors are the most common
devices tested by LCR meters.
In addition, LCR meters are used to measure the permittivity or permeability of materials,
and capacitance over DC voltage characteristics of semiconductors. You can also
measure capacitance or inductance of part of devices or circuits with an LCR meter.
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Component manufacturers A&D
Wireless
Medical
Capacitors Inductors, coils, ferrite beads
IoT
Resistors Cables
Automotive
Research / Education
Coils for wireless
charging circuits
• High volume manufacturing

RFID
components Dielectric materials • Incoming inspection, QA
Magnetic materials • R&D
Liquid materials
Here is the ecosystem & supply chain across our target industries.
The impedance measurement solutions address many different industries and

applications, because the key devices under test are capacitors and inductors, which are
used in almost all electronic equipment.
Research and component manufacturers test and provide components and materials.
Equipment suppliers buy and use these components and materials for their products.
Dielectric & liquid materials are also evaluated by the LCR meters. Note that magnetic
material measurements are not supported by LCR meters but are supported by
impedance analyzers.
Because of this ecosystem, there are many target customer profiles: R&D, high-volume
manufacturing, incoming inspection and quality assurance.
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EXAMPLE: WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER
End user products Modules

• Longer power on time Lower loss
• Smaller size Higher operating frequency
• Higher efficiency More pure signal
…. ….
To maximize the efficiency of Wireless

Power Transfer circuit, Inductor values of
coils must be precisely measured and
characterized.
Accurate inductor measurement is

required!
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Why do customers need to make accurate impedance measurements?
Customers can’t design quality products without evaluating the components used in their
circuits.
Those components are getting smaller, their operating frequencies higher, and in order
to maximize battery life their energy loss needs to be lower. This creates big
measurement challenges for our customers.
For example, coils are used in both transmitter and receiver circuits of wireless power
transfer devices for smart phones. Circuit designers need to measure and characterize
the inductance of the coils accurately to design a circuit that achieves efficient power
transfer.
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Customer type: Electronic Equipment
Manufacturing
Purpose: Qualifying the DUT
Keywords: Data correlation with the vender’s

data, Accuracy, Fixture
Best products: E4980A/AL, E4982A
Typical installed-base…
4263B 4284A
HP/Agilent
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Let’s look at typical LCR meter application and customer profile.
Most companies check samples of passive components that they purchase from
vendors. They do this to make sure the components meet specification for use in their
product.
They often compare those result with the vendor’s data sheet, which in many cases
means that the end users and the component vendors use the same measurement
equipment for good data correlation.
You may find sales opportunities within materials or production engineering, or within
R&D sections that investigate purchased components.
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Customer type: University, Lab, Component Manufacturer.
Purpose: Device characterization, Material evaluation
Keywords: Low loss/ High Q (quality factor), Dependency,

Accuracy, Material measurement, fixture
Our products: E4980A/AL for materials

E4980A/AL, E4982A and E5061B-3Lx/005 for R&D
http://web.ysu.edu/gen/stem/POEM_Faculty_m1787.htm
l
4284A 4192A
HP/Agilent
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R&D and University labs are another typical application.
Research, educational accounts, and component manufacturers need to characterize

the components or materials they are designing.
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Customer type: Component manufacturers
Purpose: Production test, Quality evaluation,

Troubleshooting
Keywords: Test throughput, Repeatability, Interface,

control command compatibility
Our products: E4980A/AL E4981A, E4982A

automated test machine
4278A 4288A 4286A 4287A 4284A
HP/Agilent
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Component manufacturers use LCR meters for component production test due to the
high speed and good price of LCR Meters compared to other test equipment.
For high volume manufacturing applications, LCR meters are mounted on component
test machines equipped with component handlers for high test-throughput.
These component manufactures also use LCR meters for quality check and
troubleshooting in their quality assurance section.
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Handheld LCR Meters Benchtop LCR Meters Impedance Analyzers
Spot frequencies Spot frequencies Swept frequency
Numeric data display Numeric data display Graphical display (traces and channels)
Troubleshooting in manufacturing test More application specific, General purpose,
or quick incoming inspection High volume manufacturing test, Component /circuit design, (R&D),
Incoming inspection, research/LAB, LF Research/LAB, LF/RF materials
materials
Less accurate Most accurate / high speed Most accurate
Less functionality and focus on Focus on speed and accuracy Many analysis functions for detail
portability evaluation of DUT characteristics
No compensation function Open/short/load compensation Open/short/load compensation
Very low price Affordable price More expensive but more functions like
markers and equivalent circuit analysis
Clip and Tweezers type only Various test fixtures Most test fixture selections
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Here are the key differences between impedance analyzers and LCR meters.
The big advantages of LCR meters are price and speed. LCR meters are used by cost-
conscious customers primarily in production applications.
Component characterization functions are limited, compared with impedance analyzers.

LCR meters do not have features like frequency sweep, and graphical trace display, but
the information LCR meters provide is sufficient for many customers.
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Key Specs and Prices
❑ –– Starting at $167
❑ –– DC/100/120/1k/10k/100kHz (depending on model)
❑ –– 0.2% basic impedance accuracy
Why Buys
❑ The portability and the low price best suit quick impedance check for
troubleshooting
Markets / Applications
❑ Troubleshooting in manufacturing test
❑ Quick incoming inspection of passive components
Model Measurement parameters Frequency Price
U1701B C DC $ 167
U1731C Z, L, C, R, phase, Q, D, ESR 100 Hz, 120 Hz, 1 kHz $ 322

U1732C Z, L, C, R, phase, Q, D, ESR 100 Hz, 120 Hz, 1 kHz, 10 kHz $ 389
U1733C Z, L, C, R, phase, Q, D, ESR 100 Hz, 120 Hz, 1 kHz, 10 kHz, 100 kHz $ 445
U1701B C DC $ 167
The U1700 series of versatile handheld LCR meters come with various impedance
measurement functions and several spot test frequencies up to 100 kHz.
These handheld LCR meters are available at very low prices and are an ideal tool for
quick incoming inspection of passive components, and troubleshooting in electronic
device manufacturing applications.
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Key drivers
$16k ~ $33k – Frequency range
E4982A LCR Meter 1 MHz to 300M/500M/1G/3 GHz – Accuracy
• An industrial standard for RF impedance measurements up to 3 GHz
– Measurement
• Target applications – passive components parameters
RF Manufacturing • Target customers – manufacturing – Test Fixtures
• Migration opportunities – 4286A, 4287A
$4.2k ~ $18k E4980AL/A Precision LCR Meter 20 Hz to 300 kHz, 500 kHz, 1 MHz / 2 MHz
• A new standard for LF impedance measurements up to 2 MHz
• Target applications – passive components, semiconductors, MEMS, materials
• Target customers – R&D, manufacturing, QA, incoming inspection
General purpose
• Migration opportunities – 4284A, 4263B
$7.0k ~ $12k E4981A Capacitance Meter 120/1k/1MHz

• A new standard for ceramic capacitor (C) production tests
• Target applications – capacitors
C-meter LCR Meters, Impedance Analyzers, and Test Fixtures Selection Guide
• Target customers – manufacturing http://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5952-1430E.pdf
Manufacturing • Migration opportunities – 4278A, 4279A, 4268A, 4288A
Accessories Catalog for Impedance Measurements
http://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5965-4792E.pdf
Here is a high level summary of target markets and applications for the benchtop LCR meters.
The E4982A is a higher frequency version of the LCR meter. It is positioned as an industry
standard for RF component test. RF inductors test in production is one of the typical applications.
Customers can easily migrate from the older 4286A and 4287A RF LCR meters, to the E4982A .
The E4980A/AL are Keysight’s main models of LCR meter and are considered by many to be
the industry standard. Target applications are Low Frequency (LF) component evaluation and
test. Look for migration opportunities where customer have an installed base old LCR meters
such as the 4284A and the 4263B. The E4980AL starts at just four thousand USD making it a
perfect 4263B replacement.
The E4981A is a dedicated high-speed capacitor measurement instrument for high volume
ceramic capacitor manufacturing test.
The selection guide and the accessories catalog help you to select the right products and test
fixtures for your customer’s applications.
❑ Starting at $16k
❑ Four frequency options: 1 MHz to 300 MHz / 500 MHz / 1 GHz / 3 GHz, (upgradable)
❑ High-speed measurement: 0.9 ms (Mode 1), 2.1 ms (Mode 2), 3.7 ms (Mode 3)
❑ 0.8% basic accuracy with unparalleled measurement repeatability
❑ Wide impedance measurement range from 140 mΩ to 4.8 kΩ
❑ Measurement parameters: Z, Y, Theta, R, X, G, B, C, L, D, Q, Rdc
“Why Buys”
❑ It provides the best performance for RF passive component measurements for better quality
circuit design or production efficiency.
❑ Wireless / component manufacturers
❑ SMD inductors, EMI filters, and RF capacitors
❑ Production, R&D, QA, and Incoming Inspection
❑ 4287A installed-base customers
Here is more detail on the E4982A LCR meter.
The E4982A is well accepted by wireless component manufacturers such as

RF inductor and EMI filter suppliers.
One of the biggest potential customers for the E4982A are those that have a
installed base of the old 3GHz LCR meters: the 4286A and the 4287A. The
E4982A is fully compatible with the 4287A for drop-in replacements.
Similar to the E4980AL, there are some frequency breaks for cost conscious
customers, and its frequency range is upgradable.
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❑ Starting at $4k
❑ 20 Hz to 300 kHz/500 kHz/1 MHz (E4980AL) upgradable, 20 Hz to 2 MHz (E4980A)
❑ 0.05% basic impedance accuracy
❑ Widest impedance measurement range: 4 mohms to 100 Mohms
❑ Fast measurements: 5.6 msec (E4980A), 12 msec (E4980AL)
❑ 16 impedance measurement parameters
❑ 201-point programmable list sweep
❑ Materials measurements with the N1500A-006 Materials Measurement Suite
❑ Test signal/DC bias enhancement: 20 Vrms test signal, 40 V DC bias (E4980A w/opt 001)
“Why Buys”
❑ The E4980A/AL precision LCR meters provide the industry-leading combination of accuracy, speed,
versatility and upgradability, and support a large selection of accessories for a wide variety of applications.
❑ component manufacturers, wireless, automotive, A&D, medical, IoT, research and education
❑ Capacitors, inductors, resisters, cables, materials, MEMS, semiconductors
❑ 4263B/4284A installed-base customers
The E4980A/AL precision LCR meters are positioned as the industry-standard

LCR meters in the market.
The E4980A/AL provide the best combination of measurement range,

accuracy, speed and versatility. Along with the widest variety of accessories,
the precision LCR meters can cover a broad range of component and material
measurement applications in R&D and production environments.
With the E4980A/AL you can grow business with new customers and new
applications, but you can also replace old LCR meters such as the 4263B and
the 4284A at installed-base customers.
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❑ Starting at $7k
❑ 120 Hz/1 kHz /1 MHz
❑ High-speed measurement: 2.3 ms (1 MHz), 3.0 ms (1 kHz), 11.0 ms (120 Hz)
More than two times faster than the 4268A or the 4288A
❑ Accurate C-D testing: 0.07%, 0.0005
“Why Buys”
❑ It achieves the highest test throughput for ceramic capacitor manufacturers.
❑ High-volume capacitor manufacturer
❑ 4268A/4288A installed-base customers
Here are more details on the E4981A. It is a dedicated high-speed

capacitance meter primarily used by capacitor manufacturers for super fast
capacitor measurements within the production environment.
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❑ NA (w/option 3L3/4/5) + ZA (w/opt 005)
❑ Starting at $29k
❑ Three frequency options: 5 Hz to 500 MHz / 1.5 GHz / 3 GHz (upgradable)
❑ S-parameter test port (5 Hz to 3 GHz, 50Ω)
❑ Gain-phase test port (5 Hz to 30 MHz, 1 Mohms / 50 ohms)
❑ Wide dynamic range (very low impedance) down to LF
❑ Built-in DC bias source (up to ±40 Vdc, max 100 mAdc, swept)
❑ Equivalent Circuit Analysis
“Why Buys”
❑ It gives both network analyzer and impedance analyzer functions for various
component characterization.
❑ Wireless / component manufacturers
❑ Power Integrity, EMC component test.
❑ R&D
❑ LF NA or NA/ZA combo installed-base customers
Another solution option is the E5061B with option 3Lx and 005.
It has the benefit of being able to do both impedance and network analyzer
measurements with three frequency options: 500 MHz, 1.5 GHz and 3 GHz.
Target customers are R&D in various industries, and the key application is the
characterization of components used in Low Frequency & RF circuits. It has
unique test ports called gain-phase ports up to 30 MHz that provide better
impedance measurement capabilities than the regular S-parameter
measurement ports. The gain-phase test ports are used for unique
applications such as component test of the power circuit section of electronic
equipment. The application is called Power Integrity which we’ll discuss later in
this course.
Let’s not forget that this product also includes other impedance analyzer
functions such as Equivalent Circuit Analysis.
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: LF NA application : RF NA application
Key market segments 5 Hz 3 GHz

10 Hz 1 kHz 100 kHz 10 MHz 1 GHz
Aerospace & defense DC-DC converters Radio comm. &
radar systems (IF/RF)
Sonar MIL-1553 bus
Other sensor systems (amplifiers, transducers, etc)
EMC related tests
Automotive DC-DC converters

Sensor systems (amplifiers, transducers, etc) GPS, telematics
TPMS, AM/FM, RKE, immobilizer
CAN/FlexRay bus
EMC related tests
Medical/analytical equipment DC-DC converters

Wireless
Ultrasound systems
medical
Other sensor systems (amplifiers, transducers, etc) MRI devices
systems
Computers DC-DC converters
(PC/servers, network equipment, etc) Passive PDN Z evaluations (decoupling-capacitors, PCB )
Cables, magnetic components, ICs, etc (xDSL, LAN, etc) Wireless
connectivity
Research & education Various research fields

(semicon, MEMS, power electronics, EMC, material, bio, … etc)
E5061B-3L5 covers broad applications
Now let’s look at the target applications of the E5061B w/opt 3Lx and 005
by industry.
As you can see it has a very wide frequency range from 5 Hz to 3 GHz,
and covers a variety of applications and industries: Aerospace and
Defense, medical and automotive, and many more.
One of the applications common to many industries is DC to DC converter

characterization. DC to DC converters are used in the power circuit of
electronic products for stable DC power transfer to digital circuits.
This product can also be used to test components used in low frequency
sensors across industries. Car backup sensors and keyless entry remotes
are typical automotive applications.
The added benefit of this combination instrument is that customers can

also make S-parameter measurements for filters, antennas, cables,
amplifiers and more.
LF-to-RF network meas. needs Excellent
in electronic equipment. RF performance
Wireless Interfaces
5 Hz to 3 GHz coverage (Zigbee, Bluetooth, HF/UHF RFIDs,
etc)
✓
S-parameters
MHz to GHz range Filters
Wide dynamic range at LF Antennas
Transceivers
DC-biased measurement
Sensor signals
✓ A/D
Low/mid speed data bus
(CAN, FlexRay, etc)
LF amplifiers
Freq. responses,
✓ MPUs/
MCUs
Transceivers
✓
Freq. resp. & impedance Wide dynamic
Oscillator 100 kHz to MHz range
CMRR, & PSRR
circuits range at MHz range
near-DC to 100 MHz
Freq. resp.(loop
✓
gain)
MHz range DC-DC
(POL/VRM)
Loop gain, Wide dynamic range at LF
milliohm-impedance, & S21 DC-DC converters
near-DC to GHz
5 Hz to 3 GHz in single sweep
PDNs (Power Delivery Networks)
Enables evaluating various components & circuits from near-DC to GHz range.
→ Improves reliability of equipment.
Because of the wide frequency range from 5Hz to 3 GHz and the impedance analyzer
and network analyzer combo, the E5061B can measure many different components
used in various sections of electronic equipment.
This is why the E5061B is well accepted in a variety of industries and applications.
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Impedance and S21 measurements of PCB power planes (=PDNs: Power delivery networks)
DC-DC conv. DC-DC conv. Large Hi-freq PCB

capacitors capacitors power plane
To Vdd of LSI
(MPU, DSP, FPGA, DRAM, etc)
5 Hz-to-3 GHz S-param. test port

for PDN |Z| and S21 measurements
Wide dynamic range down to LF, from LF to 3 GHz.
for mohm |Z| measurements.
S21 plot
S21 plot
R & T=
50 ohm Zdut
Power
Zdut splitter
|Z| plot with Trans-shunt Z-conversion |Z| plot with Trans-shunt Z-conversion
20 mohm 50 mohm
5 mohm 20 mohm
10 Hz 10 MHz
1 kHz 1 GHz
Improves Signal Integrity and EMI performance of the system.
Now let’s returning to the Power Integrity application we touched on

earlier…
Computers and other network communication equipment need to deliver

clean electrical power to the CPU and digital circuits.
The DC to DC converter often used in equipment using batteries makes

the DC power more stable and converts the voltage to an appropriate
level.
The DC power is transferred through various capacitors (or filter circuits)

to the main digital circuits of equipment. The ENA allows you to measure
both impedance and S21 transmission characteristics of the DC to DC
converter with very low output impedance.
Key words here are power integrity measurements, or power distribution

network (PDN) measurements. Similar measurements are also performed
for EMI applications at the component level.
• Impedance measurements depend on
measurement conditions
• Component characteristics depend on its
materials and manufacturing processes
• Other factors:
• Test signal frequency
• Test signal level
• DC voltage and current bias
• Environment (Temperature, pressure, ..)
The impedance analysis function allows you to

evaluate the characteristics with the sweep function
and the graphical display.
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The impedance of a component depends on several measurement conditions, which are

called component dependency factors. The effects of these factors depend on the types
of materials used in the component, as well as the manufacturing process. Other key
factors are test signal frequency and level, DC voltage and current bias, and
environment like temperature, pressure etc.
The impedance analysis function with multiple measurement channels, traces and
windows allows you to easily evaluate the impact of all of these factors.
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NA
Option 005: Impedance analysis firmware ZA
option for E5061B-3Lx LF-RF NA
• Fully supports basic impedance analyzer functions

|Z|
• Display Z parameters (IZI, θz, IYI, θy, Cp, Cs, Lp, Ls, Rp, Rs, D, Q, R, X, G, B)
• Open/Short/Load (+ Low-loss-C) calibration
θz
• Fixture compensation (Open/Short/Load + Electrical length)
• Equivalent circuit analysis
• Covers a wide impedance measurement range with Equivalent circuit analysis
multiple measurement methods

(Reflection for medium Z, Series-thru for relatively low Z,
and Shunt-thru for relatively high Z)
Cs
• Supports swept DC-biased Z measurements
(0 to ±40 Vdc, max 100 mAdc)
-3 Vdc +3 Vdc
DC bias sweep for ceramic capacitor 25

The E5061B-3Lx and option 005 has a full set of impedance analysis
functions just the same as impedance analyzers do.
You can set up different measurement settings with different windows

and channels.
You can perform open/short/load/low loss capacitor calibration at the

end of the test cables or 7mm measurement plane, and then open/short
compensation on a test fixture or even directly perform open/short/load
compensation on a test fixture with the electrical length correction.
The dynamic range of the ENA is not as good as the LCR meters, but it
offers three different impedance measurement methods: reflection,
series-thru and shunt-thru to cover a wide impedance measurement
range.
It also has a DC voltage bias function. Here the graph at the bottom of
this slide shows the capacitance variation of a capacitor against DC bias voltage.
25
Circuit Equivalent Typical DUTs Typical
Convenient design verification tool models circuit frequency
for efficient circuit/component models responses
design Inductors with
A high core loss
Inductors
B Resistors
Procedure: High-value
(1) Measure a component. C resistors
(2) Select the right circuit model from A thru E
Capacitors
(3) Extract the R, L and C values from the D
measurement data
(4) Check how the circuit model matches the Resonators
E
actual component.
The E5061B-3Lx and option 005 also has an equivalent circuit analysis function, which
can extract the R1, C1, L1 and Co values of a selected circuit model from the
measurement data, whilst showing both the actual measurement data and the simulated
result with the extracted parameters. This helps customers to improve circuit/component
design efficiency.
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W I D E V A R I E T Y O F F I X T U R E S C O V E R V A R I O U S A P P L I C AT I O N S
Accessories / Fixtures MUST be

used to connect DUTs: lead type,
SMD (0201~), Materials, etc.
• Test fixtures, probes

• Test leads, DC bias adapters
• Cal standards
Benefits of Keysight Accessories

• Minimum and known residual error for
better accuracy
• Stable and repeatable measurements
with Keysight instruments
Keysight has been providing test fixtures to accommodate various applications and type
and size of device under test for many years.
Currently, there are more than 20 test fixtures to choose from.
By using Keysight proprietary fixtures and accessories with Keysight equipment, you get
the most stable, repeatable and accurate impedance measurements available today.
TOP SELLING TEST FIXTURES
16334A SMD/chip Tweezers

Frequency: ≤15 MHz
Maximum dc bias: ±42 V
Applicable SMD size: Minimum 1.6 (L) ´ 0.8 (W) mm
16089B Medium Kelvin Clip Leads

Clip type: Kelvin alligator clips (small)
Frequency: 5 Hz to 100 kHz
Maximum dc bias: ±42 V peak
Cable length: 0.94 m
16047E Test Fixture (for lead type components)

Frequency: ≤ 120 MHz
Maximum dc bias: ±42 V
Four-terminal (Kelvin) contacts
28
Keysight Confidential
These are the top 3 fixtures for impedance measurement instruments such as the
E4980A LCR meter.
As you can imagine, we can accommodate various kinds and sizes of DUTs including
leaded, SMDs and so on.
U1700 series E4980A E4980AL E4981A E4982A E5061B-3Lx/005
Bench-top Impedance
Type HandHeld Bench-top LCR meters
analyzer
DC/100/120/1 k/10 120 Hz and 1 kHz
20 Hz to 300 k / 1 MHz to 300 M/ 5 Hz to 500 M /1.5 G/
Frequency k/100 kHz (depending 20 Hz to 2 MHz + 1 MHz (w/opt
500 k/ 1 MHz 500 M/ 1 G/3 GHz 3 GHz
on each model) 001)
$18k
Pricing $167 to $445 $4k - $9k $7k - $12k $16k - $34k $29k - $38k
$20k w/ opt 001
1.5 or 2V (Std)
DC Bias No 1.5 or 2 V (Std) No No +/- 40 V
+/- 40V (opt.001)
Network
No No No No No Yes
Analysis
Equivalent
No No No No No Yes
Circuit Analysis
Middle-to-low end
High-end component High volume RF
component suppliers High volume PC, automotive, wireless
Customers manufacturers suppliers inductor/capacitor
Product integrators capacitor mfrs equipment mfrs
Semiconductor mfrs manufacturers
Research / Education
Component standard Component
Troubleshooting in Component
Component test characterization for
manufacturing test or Test in production evaluation
characterization Component evaluation Power Distribution
Applications quick incoming Component QA Test in production
Component QA testing Network, EMC, MEMS
inspection testing Component QA
Wafer C-V test / MEMS Material sensors etc.
testing
measurements
This gives a brief comparison summary between the LCR meters and the ENA
with the impedance measurement option.
As I mentioned earlier, the ENA has the widest frequency range and can perform
both impedance measurement and S-parameter measurement making it a
combination analyzer. Although the impedance measurement accuracy is typical
data only, it has impedance analyzer functions such as equivalent circuit analysis
for modeling the Device Under Test.
The E4980A and AL are the primary models of the LCR meter due to their price
and functionality. The E4980A with option 001 enhances AC/DC voltage and
current ranges to meet various test conditions.
The E4982A is a higher frequency version of the E4980A/AL.
The E4981A is mainly used in high volume capacitor manufacturers.
29
Tonghui
Chroma
Hioki
IET
Hameg
Wayne Kerr
GW Instek
Let’s look briefly at the competition.
The good news is that there is no competitor for the E5061B ENA with the impedance
measurement function. When you find an opportunity, you can easily win the sale!
There are several competitors for the LCR meters, mainly in Asia - Hioki being our
biggest competitor.
We will not go into detail on the competition in this module. If you see one of these
competitors and need competitive information, please contact Keysight.
30
To identify the right solution, you need to ask the customer these
questions.
1) What is the required frequency range?

2) What are the measurement parameters and necessary impedance
measurement range?
3) What is the DUT connection type (SMD, Lead, material?)?
4) What is the DUT shape and size, and the distance to the DUT
electrode)?
5) Any other parameters?
Refer to the reference documents.

If necessary, Contact Keysight
31
When you discussing impedance measurement applications with your customers, I

encourage you to ask these questions to determine the correct solution for their
requirements:
• What is the required frequency range?
• What are the measurement parameters and necessary impedance measurement
range?
• What is the DUT connection type (SMD, Lead, what material?)?
• What is the DUT shape and size, and the distance to the DUT electrode?
• Are there any other parameters the customer ?
… then refer to the reference documents and literature shown on the next slide to find
the right solution.
31
Selection Guide Accessories Catalog for
Impedance Measurement Handbook
http://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5952-
impedance measurements http://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5950-3000.pdf
http://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5965-4792E.pdf
1430E.pdf
•Brief introduction of •Tips for selecting •Technical bible for

Impedance measurement appropriate accessories impedance measurements
solutions • Detailed information on •Deep discussion on each
•Test accessories / fixtures each accessory measurement method
compatibility chart •Tips for accurate fixturing
32
Here are the most important references for impedance measurements: the selection
guide, the accessories catalog for impedance measurements, and the impedance
measurement handbook.
We recommend that you use these references every time you see an impedance
measurement application opportunity.
32
E4980A/AL E4981A
Product page Product page
www.keysight.com/find/e4980a
www.keysight.com/find/e4980al
Data sheet
Data sheet http://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5989-8963EN.pdf
http://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5989-4435EN.pdf
Brochure
Brochure http://literature.cdn.keysight.com/litweb/pdf/5989-8964EN.pdf
Product fact sheet
E4982A
Product page
Data sheet
Brochure
Product fact sheet
33
And don’t forget the vast array of reference materials available for the LCR meters:
including datasheets, product brochures, product introduction information, and
Application Notes.
33
• Product page
www.keysight.com/find/e5061b
• Sales literature
• Technical Overview (5990-4390EN)
• Configuration Guide (5990-4391EN)

• Product Fact Sheet (5990-4615EN)

• Brochure (5950-6794EN)
• Data Sheet (5990-4392EN)

• Impedance Analysis Function Datasheet (5990-7033EN)

• Application note
• Measuring Frequency Response with the LF Network Analyzer (5989-9799EN)
• Evaluating DC-DC Converters with LF Network Analyzer (5989-8036EN)
Similarly, here is the list of literature and references for the E5061B ENA network
analyzer (with impedance measurement function).
#1 >50
Years Best-in-class, complete solution, & best expertise
Lots of sales opportunities in multiple industries
Benchtop LCR Meters

The best combination of accuracy, speed, and versatility
E5061B-3Lx/005 ENA Network Analyzer

Network analyzer / impedance analyzer combo
U1700 series Handheld LCR Meters

Portable and quick troubleshooting in manufacturing
As we conclude this course, let remind ourselves of the Key Takeaways:
Keysight provides expertise and a range of best-in-class tools for your customers’ impedance
measurement needs.
The ecosystem for electronic components gives you a many sales opportunities in various
applications across multiple industries.
The E4980A/AL precision LCR meters provide the best combination of accuracy, speed, and
versatility and go up to 2 MHz.
The E4981A Capacitance Meter achieves very fast capacitance measurements for high volume
manufacturing of ceramic capacitors.
The E4982A LCR meter provides LCR measurements up to 3 GHz.
The E5061B with the impedance measurement option is a combination network and impedance
analyzer making R&D engineer’s circuit and component design more efficient.
The portable handheld LCR meters are a good tool for quick troubleshooting in manufacturing.
35
Thank You!
36
Thank you for attending this course. Please remember to take the quiz, then go sell LCR
meters!
36

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Technical Excellence Program MARCH 2018

This training course provides fundamental technical information on impedance

- Dominate majority of market by its performance

- Cover from general purpose to manufacturing

Powerful products that contribute to your success!

LCR & Impedance Measurement Expertise

So why do customers buy Keysight’s impedance measurement products? The number 1

With Keysight’s superior performance and abundant accessories it allows us to provide

Impedance: Total opposition a device or Real part Imaginary part

circuit offers to the flow of AC. It is

Let’s quickly review the basics of impedance.

The impedance is often expressed as Z, a vector quantity.

When the phase is >0 deg or the reactance is positive, it is inductive.

20 Hz – 10 M/ 20 M/ 30 M/ 50M/ 120 MHz E4990A Impedance Analyzer

Direct channel products

DC/100/120/1 k/10 k/100 kHz U1700 Series Handheld LCR Meters

10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M 1G 10G Distribution channel products

There are two types of impedance measurement instruments - impedance analyzers,

C: Capacitance L: Inductance Z: Resonate Impedance

These are all impedance related parameters!

Material Semiconductor In-circuit Test

100 nH, 1 mH, 10 pF, 1 μF,

εr: Relative Permittivity C-V: Capacitance-Voltage Z: Impedance

• High volume manufacturing

The impedance measurement solutions address many different industries and

End user products Modules

To maximize the efficiency of Wireless

Accurate inductor measurement is

Why do customers need to make accurate impedance measurements?

Purpose: Qualifying the DUT

Keywords: Data correlation with the vender’s

Best products: E4980A/AL, E4982A

Let’s look at typical LCR meter application and customer profile.

Purpose: Device characterization, Material evaluation

Keywords: Low loss/ High Q (quality factor), Dependency,

Our products: E4980A/AL for materials

R&D and University labs are another typical application.

Research, educational accounts, and component manufacturers need to characterize

Purpose: Production test, Quality evaluation,

Keywords: Test throughput, Repeatability, Interface,

Our products: E4980A/AL E4981A, E4982A

4278A 4288A 4286A 4287A 4284A

Component characterization functions are limited, compared with impedance analyzers.

U1731C Z, L, C, R, phase, Q, D, ESR 100 Hz, 120 Hz, 1 kHz $ 322

$7.0k ~ $12k E4981A Capacitance Meter 120/1k/1MHz

Here is more detail on the E4982A LCR meter.

The E4982A is well accepted by wireless component manufacturers such as

The E4980A/AL precision LCR meters are positioned as the industry-standard

The E4980A/AL provide the best combination of measurement range,

Here are more details on the E4981A. It is a dedicated high-speed

Key market segments 5 Hz 3 GHz

Automotive DC-DC converters

Medical/analytical equipment DC-DC converters

Research & education Various research fields

E5061B-3L5 covers broad applications

One of the applications common to many industries is DC to DC converter

The added benefit of this combination instrument is that customers can

DC-DC conv. DC-DC conv. Large Hi-freq PCB

5 Hz-to-3 GHz S-param. test port

Improves Signal Integrity and EMI performance of the system.