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    2 Criteria For Selection For SWIP

    Uploaded by

    Neil Climaco
    This document provides criteria for selecting sites for small water impounding projects (SWIPs). Key criteria include: (1) the reservoir should be at least one hectare in size and not located on formations that allow excessive leakage like limestone or sandy/gravelly soils; (2) the watershed must be large enough to provide sufficient water yield; and (3) suitable sites must be available for spillways and dams located in narrow stream channels with sufficient abutment heights. Additional criteria relate to minimizing land acquisition costs, proximity to service areas, and avoiding known faults or affected water rights. Case studies of dam failures are also presented to illustrate issues to consider.

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    2 Criteria For Selection For SWIP

    Uploaded by

    Neil Climaco
    551 views24 pages
    This document provides criteria for selecting sites for small water impounding projects (SWIPs). Key criteria include: (1) the reservoir should be at least one hectare in size and not located on formations that allow excessive leakage like limestone or sandy/gravelly soils; (2) the watershed must be large enough to provide sufficient water yield; and (3) suitable sites must be available for spillways and dams located in narrow stream channels with sufficient abutment heights. Additional criteria relate to minimizing land acquisition costs, proximity to service areas, and avoiding known faults or affected water rights. Case studies of dam failures are also presented to illustrate issues to consider.

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    Criteria for Selection for Small Water Impounding Project

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    2 Criteria for Selection for SWIP.pptx

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    This document provides criteria for selecting sites for small water impounding projects (SWIPs). Key criteria include: (1) the reservoir should be at least one hectare in size and not located on formations that allow excessive leakage like limestone or sandy/gravelly soils; (2) the watershed must be large enough to provide sufficient water yield; and (3) suitable sites must be available for spillways and dams located in narrow stream channels with sufficient abutment heights. Additional criteria relate to minimizing land acquisition costs, proximity to service areas, and avoiding known faults or affected water rights. Case studies of dam failures are also presented to illustrate issues to consider.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    551 views24 pages

    2 Criteria For Selection For SWIP

    Uploaded by

    Neil Climaco
    This document provides criteria for selecting sites for small water impounding projects (SWIPs). Key criteria include: (1) the reservoir should be at least one hectare in size and not located on formations that allow excessive leakage like limestone or sandy/gravelly soils; (2) the watershed must be large enough to provide sufficient water yield; and (3) suitable sites must be available for spillways and dams located in narrow stream channels with sufficient abutment heights. Additional criteria relate to minimizing land acquisition costs, proximity to service areas, and avoiding known faults or affected water rights. Case studies of dam failures are also presented to illustrate issues to consider.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 24

    Criteria for Site

    Selection of SWIP

    Training on Agro-Hydrology and Dam Design for SWIP


    October 18-29, 2021
    1. Dam Incidents &
    Damages
    ▪Vajont Dam Incident
    ▪Date : Oct. 9, 1963
    ▪Overtopping resulted from huge
    rock slide of 250 million m3
    in left abutment slope
    ▪Life : 2,600 lost

    3
    Shihkang Dam Failure (Taiwan)

    -Concrete Gravity Dam for Tab Water Supply


    -H=25m
    -Earthquake (M=7.7) : Sept. 20, 1999
    -Dam body was broken by fault action in vertical direction on dam
    axis
    -Reduction of 40% of tab water supply to Taichung city
    Yeoncheon Dam Failure (Korea)
    -Date : July 27, 1996
    -Damage : 50 houses completely broken,
    downtown in downstream flooded

    5
    Kyungpo Dam (Korea)
    : Failure of Spillway(2002.8)

    6
    Baeksan Dyke Failure (Korea)
    (2002.8)

    7
    Original dam axis

    Before rehabilitation

    Digdig Small Water


    Impounding Project,
    Carranglan, Nueva Ecija,
    Philippines
    During rehabilitation

    After rehabilitation
    Causes of Dam Failures in USA
    Embankment Dams *
    Cause 1955 Current
    1. Inadequate spillway capacity 30% 40%
    2. Seepage/piping 25% 37%
    3. Slides 15 6%
    4. Conduit leakage 13%
    5. Slope protection 5% 17%
    6. Unknown 12%

    * Source – National Inspection of Dams Program, Corps of Engineers survey and


    10
    Bureau of Reclamation survey
    Small Water Impounding Project

    CRITERIA FOR SITE SELECTION


    ❑ The reservoir should be wide enough to have
    the most economical active storage capacity
    preferably more than one hectare.

    ❑ The reservoir should not be on formations


    that will allow excessive leakage or loss of
    empoundments such as limestone
    formation and sandy to gravelly loose
    formation.
    Typical cross-section of sandy,
    loose strata
    Piping occurs in the
    dam base due to
    presence of
    limestone formation
    How to conclude subsurface geology without
    seeing what is beneath the surface.
    • Through OUTCROPS
    • A representative of a subsurface geology of the
    area.
    • Not necessarily found in the damsite itself, but in
    some distant location.
    • Roadside cuts
    • River banks.
    Road-side cut
    outcrops
    River outcrops
    CONTINUATION OF CRITERIA FOR SITE
    SELECTION .........
    • Reservoir sites should not be located below mining
    areas.

    • The land area to be submerged should be relatively


    of low value.

    • The reservoir inflows should be dependable and


    adequate to sustain its purpose, hence, watershed
    must be large enough to provide sufficient water
    yield.
    Watershed
    CONTINUATION OF CRITERIA FOR SITE
    SELECTION ........
    ❑ There should be a suitable site for an economical
    spillway.

    ❑ The dam should be located in a narrow section of a


    stream channel and where both abutments are of
    sufficient height.

    ❑ Adequate fill materials should be available with in


    economic haul distance from the damsite.
    ❑ The value of necessary land aquisition and right of
    way is cheap

    ❑ The service area should be of lower elevation than


    the damsite and should be near for economical cost
    of conveyance.

    ❑ The damsite should not be located on or near a


    known active fault.

    ❑ No water right grantee should be affected


    Watershed
    End of presentation…

    Thank You…
    Department of Agriculture
    Bureau of Soils and Water Management
    Water Resources Management Division
    SRDC Bldg. Elliptical Road corner Visayas Avenue,
    Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines

    Telephone/Telefax: (02) 923-0454


    E-mail Address: [email protected]
    www.bswm.da.gov.ph

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