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4
Science
Quarter 1 - Module 2:
Effects of Decaying Materials on One's
Health and Safety

Department of Education Republic of the Philippines

Science – Grade 4
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 - Module 2: Effects of Decaying Materials on One’s Health and Safety
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
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Borrowed materials (i.e., stories, songs, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education – Division of Valencia City
Schools Division Superintendent: Rebonfamil R. Baguio
Development Team of the Module
Authors: Janette V. Bejona

Editor: Maria Victoria C. Alvarez

Reviewers: Jimbo Russell C. Agbayani, EPS – Science

Maritel L. Agbayani, PSDS
Desiree Rose L. Allaba
Fabrienne Isa M. Cabanao
Evaluator: Marjorie Oblig

Illustrator: Dandy C. Batusin

Layout Artists: John Rimmon I. Taquiso

Management Team:
Chairperson: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III
Regional Director

Management Team:
Chairperson: Rebonfamil R. Baguio
Schools Division Superintendent

Co-Chairperson: Eugene I. Macahis, Jr.

Asst. Schools Division Superintendent

Members:
Jayvy C. Vegafria, CID Chief ES
Jimbo Russell C. Agbayani, EPS – Science
Analisa C. Unabia, EPS – LRMS
Printed in the Philippines by:
Department of Education - Division of Valencia City
Office Address: Lapu-lapu Street, Poblacion, Valencia City 8709
Telefax: (088) 828-4615
Website: deped-valencia.org
 4
Science
Quarter 1 - Module 2:
Effects of Decaying Materials on One's
Health and Safety

This instructional material was collaboratively developed

and reviewed by educators from public schools. We encourage
teachers and other education stakeholders to email their
feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department
of education at [email protected].
 
We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education Republic of the Philippines

What This Module is About

Do you ask yourself questions about the world you live in? Do you
even wonder what lies ahead the blue horizon or what rests beyond the
seas? Your young mind may have many questions because you are so
curious about how things happened.

This module will help you discover the answers to the questions
you have about yourself, the environment, and everything beyond it.
This will be your guide as you unlock new knowledge through various
learning experiences through science process skills such as
investigating/experimenting, observing, describing, tabulating/ organizing
data, analyzing, interpreting, explaining, generalizing, synthesizing, and
communicating results.

Notes to the Teacher

Dear Teacher,

This is a self-paced module which has

various activities to be done by the learners
at home. Clear and careful instructions must
i
 What I Need to Know

Garbage around us may have harmful effects to one’s health and

safety if they are not disposed properly. When not properly disposed,
some decaying materials can lead to some diseases that prevent our
body and mind from working normally.

In this module, you will learn about different sickness/ diseases

caused by decaying materials and the effects of decaying materials to
one’s health and safety.

Learning Objectives:

1. Identify the diseases/sickness that may result from exposure

to decaying materials.

2. Identify the effects of decaying materials on one’s safety.

How to Learn from this Module

For you to achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the
following:
• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.

• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and

exercises diligently.

• Answer all the given tests and exercises.

ii
Icons of this Module
What I Need This part contains learning objectives
to Know that are set for you to learn as you go
along the module.

What I Know This is an assessment as to your

level of knowledge to the subject
matter at hand, meant specifically to
gauge prior related knowledge.
What’s In This part connects previous lessons
with that of what you are going to
learn.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson

through various activities, before it
will be presented to you.

What is It These are discussions of the

activities as a way to deepen your
discovery and understanding of the
concept.
What’s More These are follow-up activities that are
intended for you to practice further in
order to master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what

Learned you have learned from the lesson

What I Can These are tasks designed to

Do showcase your skills and knowledge
gained, and applied into real-life
concerns and situations.
Post This assessment evaluates your level
Assessment of mastery in achieving the learning
objectives.

More These are additional activities

Activities designed to increase the level of your
skills and knowledge.

iii
 What I Know

Test A

1. This is a water-borne disease that we often get by drinking polluted

water and uncovered foods.
A. malaria B. scabies C. typhoid D. leukemia

2. Lino suffered from severe diarrhea. He was rushed to the

hospital. The doctor said he suffered from dehydration and
should be treated immediately. What would be the possible illness?
A. dysentery B. dengue fever C. typhoid D. malaria

3. Why did Maria experience itchiness in her skin after swimming in

the river?
A. The river might be dirty and contaminated
B. She had eaten something that caused allergy.
C. She swam in the river wearing dirty clothes.
D. Maria is allergic to the water of the river.

4. Leah lives near the dumpsite. She and her friends always play
outside near piles of garbage. One early morning, she happens to
spit blood and complains of chest and back pains. What might be
her possible illness?
A. tuberculosis B. dengue fever C. malaria D. covid-19

5. Leo has a high fever. Her mother found out some bruises in his
skin. What will be the doctor’s possible diagnosis?
A. dengue fever B. diarrhea C. dysentery D. covid-19

1
Test B
Directions: Find and encircle at least five (5) diseases inside the box.
D Y S E N T E R Y O W
C A D E N G U E T D G
B H X M P D L R Y E B
C F O A J O M S P N F
D E G L L W N W H G J
R U N A E K S K O U D
M O T R G R F M I E A
N A L I U J A Y D P A
A S C A B I E S T L Q

Test C
Write the letter of the best answer in your answer sheet.
11. Rotten garbage are breeding places of harmful insects like flies,
mosquitoes, cockroaches and rats. If you are exposed to this
situation for a long time, what kind of ailment would you probably
get?
A. high blood pressure C. nosebleed
B. heart failure D. dysentery
12. What diseases causes high fever and chills. This disease comes
from the bite of a mosquito.
A. leptospirosis C. dengue fever
B. Malaria D. dysentery
13. How do we prevent being affected by the harmful effects of
decaying materials?
A. Placing the left over foods in the refrigerator
B. Disposing the garbage properly.
C. Segregating the decaying and non- decaying materials
D. All of the above
14. What people living in crowded areas must do to avoid being
exposed to diseases caused by presence of decaying materials?
A. Avoid throwing wastes anywhere.
B. Eat left over foods only if stored in the refrigerator.
C. Maintain a proper disposal of waste materials.
D. Both A and C
15. Improper disposal of decaying wastes allow ___________ to live
or breed.
A. cockroaches C. flies
B. mosquitoes D. all of the above
2
z

Lesson
What Diseases Will I Get
1 From Decaying Materials?
Disease is an illness that affects a person, an animal, or a plant. It
is a condition that prevents the body or mind from working normally.

This lesson will help you identify the diseases caused by exposure
to decaying materials.

What’s In

Name Game!

Figure 1.1. Garbage Area

Can you name the materials that undergo decay? Enumerate

three materials from the drawing above that undergo decay.

3
\

What’s New

Let’s Do It!

Directions:
A. Examine the drawings provided below.
B. Identify the condition shown in each drawing.
C. Write in your activity sheet the identified conditions shown.
D. Organize your findings in the table provided below.
E. Follow how it is done in the example given in the first line.

Figure 1. Drawing of a dumpsite

.

Figure 2. Drawing of a squatter’s area

4
 Activity Sheet

Possible
Place Waste materials Pest breeding illness/diseases
where the seen in the in the resulting from
family lives surroundings surroundings exposure to
decaying materials
example: empty cans, mosquito flies allergy
canals plastic bottles dengue
trashes malaria
rotten fruits typhoid
and vegetables waterborne disease

1.dumpsite

2.squatters
area

Guide Questions:

1. What are the possible waste materials found in these areas?

a. Dumpsite

b. Squatters’ Area

2. What possible illness /sickness brought by these pests to the dwellers

n this place? Why?

3. How could these sicknesses be prevented?

5
 What is It

Learning Circuit!

 Diseases - illnesses that affect a person, animal, or plant; it is a

condition that prevents the body or mind from working normally.

 Decaying materials cause harm to one’s health. Some diseases

caused by decaying materials are: allergy, cholera, malaria,
typhoid, dysentery and skin diseases.

- Malaria and dengue fever - are diseases spread by specific

type of mosquitoes. These become epidemic in places where
these type of mosquito breed.

- Typhoid – is a waterborne disease. People who drink polluted

water can become infected with typhoid. The garbage in this
area is a good breeding place for flies. The flies can carry the
disease and infect more people

- Dysentery – is a disease that can cause severe diarrhea. If not

treated properly someone can die from it.

A water borne disease that is transmitted to a person when they

drink polluted water.

 Diseases can be prevented if there is proper disposal of wastes

especially for those living in crowded areas and those who live
near dumpsites, esteros, or canals.

 Good hygiene practices such as washing of hands, boiling of

water, avoidance or exposure to air help being exposed to
diseases.

6
 What’s More

Match Me!

Directions: Match the disease to its description. Write your answer in

your science notebook.

Diseases Description

____1. Dysentery A. waterborne disease

____2. Ring worm B. it causes severe diarrhea
____3. Malaria C. parasitic worm
____4. Typhoid D. transmitted by mosquitoes
____5. Allergy E. itchiness

What I Have Learned

Brain Twisting!

Directions: Write true if the statement is correct. If false, replace the

underlined word with the correct word or phrase.

_____1. Cholera is an infectious disease that causes severe watery

diarrhea, which can lead to dehydration and even death if
untreated.
_____2. Dysentery is transmitted when a person drinks dirty water.
_____3. Scabies is a skin infestation caused by a mite
_____4. Mosquitoes cause dengue and typhoid.
_____5. Washing hands before and after eating may help prevent
diseases

What I Can Do 7
Guessing Time!

Directions: Manghuhula ka ba? Write what will happen to you if you

are in this situation.

Situation Hula Mo

If we are exposed to decaying

materials, what will happen if we
fail to wash our hands before
eating?

8
Answer Key
 QUARTER 1- MODULE 2
zLesson
1
What Diseases Will I Get
From Decaying Materials?
What I Know What’s New
Possible
1. C Place illness/diseases
Waste materials
2. A where the Pest breeding in resulting from
seen in the
3. A family the surroundings exposure to
surroundings
lives decaying
4. A
materials
5. A dumpsite Rotten fruits and Cockroach Allergy
6. DENGUE vegetables Mosquito Dengue
7. SCABIES Trashes Flies Malaria
Dead animals Rats Typhoid
8. TYPHOID
Empty bottles and worms Waterborne
9. MALARIA cans, etc. disease
10. CHOLERA plastics
11. D Squatters Rotten fruits and Cockroach Allergy
area vegetables Mosquito Dengue
12. B Trashes Flies Malaria
13. D Dead animals Rats Typhoid
14. D Empty bottles and worms Waterborne
cans, etc. disease
15. D plastics
1. A. cellophanes, plastics, rotten vegetables and fruits, cans, etc.
What I Have Learned B. cellophanes, plastics, rotten vegetables and fruits, cans, etc.
1.true
2. allergies, malaria, dengue, typhoid, diarrhea
2. true
3. true
3. clean the area, dispose waste properly, practice proper hygiene.
4. malaria
What I can Do
5. true
Situation Hula Mo
What ‘s More
If we are exposed to decaying
1.B
materials, what will happen if we I may get sick
2.C fail to wash our hands before
3.D eating?
4.A
5.E
What ‘s In (answers may Vary)
z

1. boxes
Lesson
Effects of Decaying
2. fruits
3. vegetables

2 Materials9 on One’s Safety

 Waste materials when not disposed properly will have a harmful
effects to our health and safety. People living near garbage areas,
dumpsites and in squatter areas are most exposed to sickness and
diseases.

This module will help you identify the effects of decaying materials
on one’s safety.

What’s In

Find Me!

Directions: Find and encircle the different waste materials found in a

community.
Clue: There are 10 words all in their plural form. Refer to the words
given below.
P A N S T Y R O F O A M C S
E A R O A W H S T F A G A E
E R P R H O 1 R U N S H N E
L Y R E F O J Q U E I J S D
I N D I R D K R S E K L T S
N O R M A S L S V D M N O B
G I N G H G A P W C O P B A
S E A T G L M S X B Q O U Z
R S O W G E N N Y A X T V Y
K L A B C D O A M E T A L S
C P L A S T I C S Z R S W X

STYRO FOAMS PANS

METALS PAPERS
PEELINGS GLASSES
WOODS CANS
PLASTICS SEEDS

10
 What’s New

Fill Me Up!

Directions: Fill out the table. Write answers in your Answer Sheet.

Ways of
Possible effects on
Disposing
Decaying Materials the health of the
Decaying
family members
Materials

Food left overs

Dead fishes
Dump Site

Dumpsite

What is It

Read and Learn More

 Pollution - an action or process of making land, water, air dirty

and not safe to use.
 Compost - waste materials that are recycled as fertilizer
 Exposure to decaying materials will make people sick.

11
  Waste materials that are made into compost are not harmful to
one’s health and safety.

 Making a compost is one way of disposing garbage properly.

Waste materials that are made into compost are not harmful to
one’s health and safety.

 People who live on the riverside often throw their garbage into the
river.

 Chemical waste from the factories pollute the rivers.

 Polluted water contains harmful bacteria and chemical wastes that

can make people sick.

Study the drawings below. Write your answers to the guide questions in
your Answer Sheet.

Figure 3. Drawings of a dumpsite and a squatter’s area

Guide Questions:

1. Describe what do you think might happen to the people living

near the dumpsite/ garbage area?

2. What is the effect of this in one’s health and safety?

 12
What’s More

Brain Twisting!

Directions: Inside the box below are some common household

materials. What kind of pollution will they cause when not
disposed properly? Write them under the correct column.
Note: Answers can be repeated.

detergent insecticides oil

peelings of fruits rugs styrofoam
diapers plastics animal manure
dead animals leftover foods

Air Pollution Water Pollution Land Pollution

What I Have Learned

Brain Buster!

Directions: Write a reflection on the effects brought about by the

exposure to decaying materials in your environment to
one’s safety.

_________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
 13
What I Can Do

You Can Do

It!

Answer briefly:

1. Name five (5) waste materials commonly found at home.

2. What do you think will happen to us if we are exposed to these

kind of materials?

3. What you going to do with the decaying materials?

14
 Answer Key

z
Lesson Effects of Decaying Materials on
2 One’s Safety
What’s In
P A N S T Y R O F O A M C S
E A R O A W H S T F A G A E
E R P R H O 1 R U N S H N E
L Y R E F O J Q U E I J S D
I N D I R D K R S E K L T S
N O R M A S L S V D M N O B
G I N G H G A P W C O P B A
S E A T G L M S X B Q O U Z
R S O W G E N N Y A X T V Y
K L A B C D O A M E T A L S
C P L A S T I C S Z R S W X

What’s New
Possible effects on the
Ways of Disposing
Decaying Materials health of the family
Decaying Materials
members
Decayed fruits and Compost pit Sickness/ diseases
vegetable
Dead fishes Compost pit Sickness/ diseases
Dump site Garbage segregation Sickness/ diseases
1.a. cellophanes, plastics, rotten fruits and vegetables, cans, etc.
b. cellophanes, plastics, rotten fruits and vegetables, cans, etc.
2. allergies, typhoid, diarrhea, malaria, dengue,
3. clean the area, dispose waste properly, practice proper hygiene.

What’s More
What is It
1. Get sick Air Pollution Water Land Pollution
Pollution
2. Sickness/ insecticides Detergent Oil
diseases air pollution Oil Rug
peelings of fruit Diapers Diapers
animal pollution plastic Styrofoam
left overs plastic

What I can Do What I Have Learned

1. (answers may vary) Exposure to decaying materials can
lead to possible illnesses/ sickness. It
2. Make a compost to have can be harmful to one’s health and
organic fertilizer to be used safety.
in you plants.

15
 Post Assessment

Test A

Directions: Write the correct answer on the blank.

__1. Rotten garbage are breeding places of harmful insects like flies,
mosquitoes, cockroaches and rats. If you are exposed to this
situation for a long time, what kind of ailment would you probably
get?
A. high blood pressure C. nosebleed
B. heart failure D. dysentery
__2. What diseases causes high fever and chills. This disease comes
from the bite of a mosquito.
A. leptospirosis C. dengue fever
B. malaria D. dysentery
__3. How do we prevent being affected by the harmful effects of
decaying materials?
A. Placing the left over foods in the refrigerator.
B. Disposing the garbage properly.
C. Segregating the decaying and non- decaying materials
D. All of the above

__4. What people living in crowded areas must do to avoid being

exposed to diseases caused by presence of decaying materials?
A. Avoid throwing wastes anywhere.
B. Eat left over foods only if stored in the refrigerator.
C. Maintain a proper disposal of waste materials.
D. Both A and C

__5. Improper disposal of decaying wastes allow __________ to live

or breed.
A. cockroaches C. flies
B. mosquitoes D. all of the above

Test B
16
For numbers 6-10

Directions: Find and encircle at least five diseases inside the box.

D Y S E N T E R Y W
C A D E N G U E T D
B H X M P D L R Y E
C F O A J O M S P N
D E G L L W N W H G
R U N A E K S K O U
M O T R G R F M I E
N A L I U J A Y D P

Test C

11. This is a water borne disease that we often get by drinking

polluted water and uncovered foods.
A. malaria B. scabies C. typhoid D. leukemia

12. Lino is suffering from severe diarrhea. He was rushed to the

hospital. The doctor said he suffered from dehydration and should
be treated immediately. What would be the possible illness?
A. dysentery B. dengue C. typhoid D. malaria

13. Why did Maria experience itchiness in her skin after swimming in
the river?
A. The river might be dirty and contaminated
B. She had eaten something that caused allergy.
C. She swam I the river wearing dirty clothes.
D. Maria is allergic to the water of the river.
14. Leah lives near the dumpsite. She and her friends always play
outside near piles of garbage. One early morning, she happens to
spit blood and complains chest and back pains. What might be her
possible illness?
A. tuberculosis B. dengue fever C. malaria D. covid 19

15. Leo has a high fever. Her mother found out some bruises in his
skin. What will be the doctor’s possible diagnosis?
A. dengue fever B. diarrhea C. dysentery D. covid 19

17
 Additional Activities

Exercise 1
Directions: The scrambled words below are diseases one can get
When exposed to decaying materials. Rearrange the
following words and find out what they are.
1. IMLAARA - _________________________
2. NGIR ORWM - _________________________
3. YGLLERA - _________________________
4. ODIHTYP - _________________________
5. HRREAIDA - _________________________

Exercise 2
Directions: Identify the following whether they are decaying or non-
decaying materials?
1. leftover food - _______________________________
2. banana peelings - _______________________________
3. kangkong leaves - _______________________________
4. camote leaves - _______________________________
5. twigs - _______________________________
6. Weeds - _______________________________
7. tetrapack juices - _______________________________
8. glass bottles - _______________________________
9. carton - _______________________________
10.pieces of cloth - _______________________________

Congratulations for working diligently with this module. Try to share your
experience with your teacher or elder brother or sister at home.

18
 Answer Key

Exercise 2
Post Assessment
1.decaying
1.D
2. decaying
2. B
3. decaying
3.D
4. decaying
4.D
5. decaying
5.D
6. decaying
6.DENGUE
7.non-decaying
7.SCABIES 8. non-decaying
8.TYPHOID 9. decaying
9. MALARIA 10. decaying
10. C
11.A
12.A
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES
13.A Exercise 1
14.A 1. Malaria
15.A 2. Ring Worm
3. Allergy
4. Typhoid
5. diarrhea

19
Reference:

Abutay, L. R., D.C. Bonao, E. B. Crucis, et al. (2015) Science –Grade

4 Learner’s Material. Lexicon Press, Inc.

Abutay, L. R., D.C. Bonao, E. B. Crucis, et al. (2015) Science –Grade

4 Teacher’s Guide. Lexicon Press, Inc.

Balce, M. E. (2009). Smart Science. DIWA Learning Systems.Inc.

Detailed Lesson Plan, Division of Valencia City (2019).

Lozada, B. A. & A. G. Mendoza (2002). Science for Daily Use 4. JICA

Enterprises.

Lumidao, K. C. (2019). Science Grade 4 Workbook.

Valenzuela, B. A. & A. G. Mendoza (2002) Science for Active Minds 4.

DIWA Learning Systems, Inc.

Vengo, L. G. & T. F. Religioso (2007) Science and Health Third

Edition. Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.

20
 For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Division of Valencia City

Lapu - Lapu Street, Poblacion, Valencia City 8709

Telefax: (088) 828 - 4615

Name:__________________Grade&Section:___________Score:___

QUARTER 1- MODULE 2
z What Diseases Will I Get
Lesson
1 From Decaying Materials?
Answer Sheet

What ‘s In (answers may Vary)

1.
2.
3.

What I Know
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
What’s
11. New
12. Possible
illness/diseases
13. where the family
Place Waste materials seen in the Pest breeding in the
resulting from
lives surroundings surroundings
14. exposure to
decaying materials
15.
dumpsite

Squatters area

1. A. __________________________
B. __________________________

2. ______________________________
3. ______________________________
 What I Have Learned
What ‘s More 1.
1. 2.
2. 3.
3. 4.
4.
5.
5.

What I can Do
Situation Hula Mo

If we are exposed to decaying materials,

what will happen if we fail to wash our
hands before eating?

Name:__________________Grade&Section:___________Score:___
z
Lesson Effects of Decaying Materials on
2 One’s Safety
Answer Sheet

What’s In
P A N S T Y R O F O A M C S
E A R O A W H S T F A G A E
E R P R H O 1 R U N S H N E
L Y R E F O J Q U E I J S D
I N D I R D K R S E K L T S
N O R M A S L S V D M N O B
G I N G H G A P W C O P B A
S E A T G L M S X B Q O U Z
R S O W G E N N Y A X T V Y
K L A B C D O A M E T A L S
C P L A S T I C S Z R S W X

What’s New
Possible effects on
Ways of Disposing
Decaying Materials the health of the
Decaying Materials
family members
Decayed fruits and
vegetable
Dead fishes
Dump site
1.a. ___________________________________________________

b. __________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________

3. _____________________________________

What is It
1. Get sick
2. Sickness/ diseases

What’s More

Air Pollution Water Pollution Land Pollution

 What I can Do

1.

2.

Name:__________________Grade&Section:___________Score:___
 Answer Sheet
Post Assessment
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.

Exercise 2
1.
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES
Exercise 1 2.
1. 3.
2. 4.
3.
5.
4.
5. 6.
7.
8.
9.
10.