2015-07-31 - (Bettman, Gary Bettman) Final REDACTED - Condensed
2015-07-31 - (Bettman, Gary Bettman) Final REDACTED - Condensed
2015-07-31 - (Bettman, Gary Bettman) Final REDACTED - Condensed
Page 1
1 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
2 DISTRICT OF MINNESOTA
3
4 IN RE: NATIONAL HOCKEY
5 LEAGUE PLAYERS' CONCUSSION MDL No. 14-2551
(SRN/JSM)
6 INJURY LITIGATION
7 -------------------------------
8
9
10 CONFIDENTIAL - PURSUANT TO PROTECTIVE ORDER
11 VIDEOTAPED
12 DEPOSITION OF GARY BETTMAN
13 New York, New York
14 Friday, July 31, 2015
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24 Reported by:
FRANCIS X. FREDERICK, CSR, RPR, RMR
25 JOB NO. 95766
Page 2 Page 4
1 A P P E A R A N C E S: 1 ------------------ EXHIBITS ------------------
2 2 BETTMAN FOR ID.
3 SILVERMAN THOMPSON SLUTKIN WHITE LLC 3 Exhibit 4
4 Attorneys for Plaintiffs 4 document headed Concussions
5 201 North Charles Street - 26th floor 5 in the National Hockey League
6 Baltimore, Maryland 21201 6 NHL General mangers' Meeting
7 BY: STEPHEN G. GRYGIEL, ESQ. 7 March 2011 bearing production
8 - and - 8 numbers NHL0200272
9 ZELLE HOFFMAN VOELBEL & MASON LLP 9 through NHL0200366...................... 80
10 Attorneys for Plaintiffs 10 Exhibit 5
11 500 Washington Avenue South, Suite 4000 11 e-mail dated 4/10/2011
12 Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414-1152 12 bearing production numbers
13 BY: MICHAEL R. CASHMAN, ESQ. 13 NHL0516458 through NHL0516459........... 87
14 14 Exhibit 6
15 SKADDEN, ARPS, SLATE, MEAGHER & FLOM LLP 15 e-mail dated 5/9/2011 bearing
16 Attorneys for the National Hockey League 16 production number NHL0276442............ 93
17 and the Witness 17 Exhibit 7
18 Four Times Square 18 Minutes of the Meeting of the
19 New York, New York 10036 19 General Managers The Langham
20 BY: SHEPARD GOLDFEIN, ESQ. 20 Hotel - Boston MA June 8, 2011
21 JAMES A. KEYTE, ESQ. 21 bearing production numbers
22 MICHAEL MENITOVE, ESQ 22 NHL0035098 through NHL0035107........... 99
23 23
24 ALSO PRESENT: 24
25 DALE SWINDELL, Certified Legal Video Specialist 25
Page 3 Page 5
1 ----------------- I N D E X ------------------ 1 ------------------ EXHIBITS ------------------
2 WITNESS EXAMINATION BY PAGE 2 BETTMAN FOR ID.
3 GARY BETTMAN MR. GRYGIEL 16 3 Exhibit 8
4 4 e-mail dated 11/10/2011
5 ------------------ EXHIBITS ------------------ 5 bearing production numbers
6 BETTMAN FOR ID. 6 NHL0035193 through NHL0035194........... 107
7 Exhibit 1 7 Exhibit 9
8 Minutes of the Meeting of the 8 e-mail dated 1/6/2012
9 General Managers Held at the 9 bearing production numbers
10 LaQuinta Hotel Palms Springs, 10 NHL0094230 through NHL0094232........... 111
11 CA February 1-3, 1999 bearing 11 Exhibit 10
12 production numbers NHL0211387 12 document bearing production
13 through NHL0211394...................... 40 13 numbers IM000589 through IM000603....... 137
14 Exhibit 2 14 Exhibit 11
15 e-mail dated 3/8/2011 15 e-mail dated 12/9/2011
16 bearing production numbers 16 bearing production numbers
17 NHL0231896 through NHL0231897........... 57 17 NHL0026415 through NHL0026416........... 146
18 Exhibit 3 18 Exhibit 12
19 Minutes of the Meeting of the 19 e-mail dated 9/24/2007
20 General Managers Held at Boca 20 bearing production numbers
21 Beach Club - Boca Raton, Florida 21 NHL2197608 through NHL2197617........... 177
22 March 14-16, 2011 bearing 22 Exhibit 13
23 production numbers NHL0155335 23 NHL Neuropsychological Testing
24 through NHL0155359...................... 68 24 Project Status Report - 1997-2002
25 25 December 10, 2002....................... 187
Page 6 Page 8
1 ------------------ EXHIBITS ------------------ 1 ----------------- EXHIBITS ------------------
2 BETTMAN FOR ID. 2 BETTMAN FOR ID.
3 Exhibit 14 3 Exhibit 25
4 Clinical Practice Guidelines 4 Hits to the Head Analysis
5 on Concussion Treatment and 5 General Mangers' Meeting
6 Management in Sport..................... 193 6 March 8, 2010 bearing
7 Exhibit 15 7 production numbers
8 Memorandum dated 8 NHL0120323 through NHL0120384.......... 295
9 September 1, 2011 bearing 9 Exhibit 26
10 production numbers NHL0090546 10 e-mail dated 9/26/2013
11 through NHL0030547...................... 204 11 bearing production numbers
12 Exhibit 16 12 NHL2339143 through NHL2339227.......... 318
13 Minutes of the Meeting of the 13 Exhibit 27
14 General Managers Boca Beach 14 e-mail dated 12/2/2011
15 Club - Boca Raton, Florida 15 bearing production numbers
16 March 8-10, 2010........................ 212 16 NHL0115693 through NHL0115720.......... 327
17 Exhibit 17 17 Exhibit 28
18 Minutes of the Meeting of the 18 fax dated August 22, 2003
19 General Managers Ritz Carlton 19 bearing production numbers
20 Golf Resort - Naples, Florida 20 NHL1353432 through NHL1353444.......... 342
21 March 9-11, 2009........................ 230 21 Exhibit 29
22 Exhibit 18 22 letter dated August 27, 2003
23 e-mail dated 1/9/2008 23 bearing production numbers
24 bearing production numbers 24 NHL0119821 through NHL0119827.......... 344
25 NHL0025551 through NHL00025552.......... 239 25
Page 7 Page 9
1 ------------------ EXHIBITS ------------------ 1 ----------------- EXHIBITS ------------------
2 BETTMAN FOR ID. 2 BETTMAN FOR ID.
3 Exhibit 19 3 Exhibit 30
4 e-mail dated 4/21/2007 4 e-mail dated 2/24/2007
5 bearing production numbers 5 bearing production numbers
6 NHL0026778 through NHL0026780........... 244 6 NHL0026767 through NHL0026771........... 355
7 Exhibit 20 7 Exhibit 31
8 e-mail dated 9/2/2011 bearing 8 e-mail dated 8/3/2011
9 production number NHL0034241............ 247 9 bearing production numbers
10 Exhibit 21 10 NHL0026287 through NHL0026288........... 361
11 e-mail dated 9/3/2011 11 Exhibit 32
12 bearing production numbers 12 e-mail dated 10/30/2011
13 NHL0129063 through NHL0129064........... 255 13 bearing production numbers
14 Exhibit 22 14 NHL0027772 through NHL0027774........... 367
15 e-mail dated 9/3/2011 15 Exhibit 33
16 bearing production numbers 16 e-mail dated 12/17/2011
17 NHL0155220 through 0155221.............. 263 17 bearing production numbers
18 Exhibit 23 18 NHL0027854 through NHL0027862........... 382
19 e-mail dated 9/3/2011 bearing 19 Exhibit 34
20 production numbers NHL0129605 20 e-mail dated 8/22/2013
21 through NHL0129607..................... 273 21 bearing production numbers
22 Exhibit 24 22 NHL0028054 through NHL0028055........... 390
23 e-mail dated 12/4/2009 23
24 bearing production numbers 24
25 NHL0025789 through NHL0025791.......... 287 25
Page 10 Page 12
1 ----------------- EXHIBITS ------------------ 1 ----------------- EXHIBITS ------------------
2 BETTMAN FOR ID. 2 BETTMAN FOR ID.
3 Exhibit 35 3 Exhibit 46
4 e-mail dated 11/2/2013 4 NHL Position Paper bearing
5 bearing production numbers 5 production numbers
6 NHL0026626 through NHL0026627........... 396 6 NHL0011370 through NHL0011379........... 445
7 Exhibit 36 7 Exhibit 47
8 e-mail dated 3/12/2007 8 letter dated September 24, 1998
9 bearing production numbers 9 bearing production numbers
10 NHL0027497 through NHL0027499........... 400 10 NHL0217972 through NHL0217973........... 448
11 Exhibit 37 11 Exhibit 48
12 e-mail dated 3/17/2011 12 e-mail dated 3/24/2007
13 bearing production number NHL0027620.... 408 13 bearing production numbers
14 Exhibit 38 14 NHL0025431 through NHL0025432........... 458
15 e-mail dated 5/16/2013 15 Exhibit 49
16 bearing production numbers 16 e-mail dated 6/28/2007
17 NHL0130619 through NHL0130620........... 410 17 bearing production numbers
18 Exhibit 39 18 NHL0128996 through NHL0128998........... 462
19 e-mail dated 10/10/2010 19 Exhibit 50
20 bearing production numbers 20 e-mail dated 1/12/2009 bearing
21 NHL0032990 through NHL0032991........... 415 21 production number NHL0031371............ 471
22 Exhibit 40 22
23 e-mail dated 3/1/2011 23
24 bearing production numbers 24
25 NHL0027146 through NHL0026147........... 420 25
Page 11 Page 13
1 ----------------- EXHIBITS ------------------ 1 ----------------- EXHIBITS ------------------
2 BETTMAN FOR ID. 2 BETTMAN FOR ID.
3 Exhibit 41 3 Exhibit 51
4 letter dated August 29, 1974 4 Fighting Analysis General
5 bearing production numbers 5 Managers' Meeting - March 9,
6 NHL0127373 through NHL0127374........... 426 6 2009 bearing production numbers
7 Exhibit 42 7 NHL0022969 through NHL0023034........... 476
8 letter dated March 20, 1975 8 Exhibit 52
9 bearing production numbers 9 document headed Fighting
10 NHL0127555 through NHL0127556........... 430 10 bearing production numbers
11 Exhibit 43 11 NHL0230630 through NHL0230637........... 481
12 memorandum dated February 27, 12 Exhibit 53
13 1989 bearing production numbers 13 e-mail dated 3/13/2010
14 NHL0015789 through NHL0015791........... 433 14 bearing production number NHL0032435.... 486
15 Exhibit 44 15 Exhibit 54
16 draft mission statement dated 16 e-mail dated 1/26/2011
17 March 9, 1989 bearing production 17 bearing production numbers
18 numbers NHL0015795 18 NHL0033467 through NHL0033468........... 490
19 through NHL0015799...................... 440 19 Exhibit 55
20 Exhibit 45 20 e-mail dated 1/26/2011 bearing
21 document bearing production 21 production number NHL0490748............ 493
22 numbers NHL0020586 22 Exhibit 56
23 through NHL0020588...................... 441 23 e-mail dated 11/13/2011 bearing
24 24 production number NHL1060781............ 495
25 25
Page 14 Page 16
1 ----------------- EXHIBITS ------------------ 1 for the NHL.
2 BETTMAN FOR ID. 2 MR. GOLDFEIN: Shep Goldfein for
3 Exhibit 57 3 the National Hockey League and the
4 Concussion Report General 4 Commissioner, Gary Bettman.
5 Managers March 12-13, 2012 5 MR. BETTMAN: Gary Bettman.
6 bearing production numbers 6 THE VIDEOGRAPHER: The reporter
7 NHL0035749 through NHL0035788........... 496 7 will now swear in the witness.
8 Exhibit 58 8 ***
9 e-mail dated 4/15/2013 9 GARY B E T T M A N, called as a
10 bearing production numbers 10 witness, having been duly sworn by a
11 NHL0129248 through NHL0129269........... 498 11 Notary Public, was examined and
12 Exhibit 59 12 testified as follows:
13 document headed National 13 EXAMINATION BY
14 Headache League bearing 14 MR. GRYGIEL:
15 production numbers 15 Q. Good morning, Commissioner.
16 NHL0208920 through NHL0208924........... 500 16 A. Good morning.
17 17 Q. Now, I know you're a lawyer so we
18 18 won't belabor the formalities here. You were
19 19 at Cornell undergrad, correct?
20 20 A. Yes.
21 21 Q. And you studied in the School of
22 22 Industrial Labor Relations?
23 23 A. Yes.
24 24 Q. And you took a degree there,
25 25 didn't you?
Page 15 Page 17
1 THE VIDEOGRAPHER: This is the 1 A. Yes, I did.
2 videotaped deposition of Gary Bettman 2 Q. And after that you went to law
3 taken by Steven Grygiel of the law firm 3 school?
4 Silverman, Thompson, Slutkin & White in 4 A. Yes.
5 the matter In Re. National Hockey League 5 Q. And graduated in 1990 -- 1977?
6 Players' Concussion Injury Litigation. 6 A. Correct.
7 This deposition is being held at 4 7 Q. And that was from NYU?
8 Times Square, New York, New York, July 8 A. Correct.
9 31st, 2015. The court reporter is 9 Q. And then you went to work at
10 Francis Frederick. And I am Dale 10 Proskauer Rose, didn't you?
11 Swindell, the videographer. We're both 11 A. Yes, I did.
12 from the firm of Benchmark Reporting 12 Q. And after that you went to work
13 Agency, Minneapolis, Minnesota. 13 for a litigation firm in New Jersey.
14 We're going on the record at 9:57 14 A. I'm not sure it was a litigation
15 a.m. 15 firm, but it was a smaller firm in New Jersey.
16 Counsel will please state their 16 Q. And after that you went to the
17 appearances for the record. 17 National Basketball Association.
18 MR. GRYGIEL: Good morning. Steve 18 A. Correct.
19 Grygiel from Silverman Thompson for the 19 Q. And you were working under David
20 Plaintiffs. 20 Stern in the Commissioner's office, weren't
21 MR. CASHMAN: Good morning. 21 you?
22 Michael Cashman for the Plaintiffs. 22 A. Correct.
23 MR. KEYTE: James Keyte for the 23 Q. And then after that you ended up
24 NHL. 24 going to the National Hockey League, correct?
25 MR. MENITOVE: Michael Menitove 25 A. Yes.
Page 18 Page 20
1 Q. And you were elected in 1992 in 1 the NBA you didn't have any exposure to
2 December to the post of Commissioner? 2 studies that discussed the long-term sequelae
3 A. Correct. 3 of concussions for National Basketball
4 Q. And in 1993 you formally assumed 4 Association players.
5 your duties, correct? 5 MR. GOLDFEIN: I'll object to the
6 A. February 1st. 6 form of the question. It's lacking
7 Q. You're familiar with the 7 foundation.
8 deposition process obviously. 8 A. Long-term sequelae?
9 A. Yes. 9 Q. Sure.
10 Q. You've taken depositions in the 10 A. You'll have to define that for me.
11 past. 11 Q. Okay. When I say "long-term
12 A. Taken or had them taken. 12 sequelae" I'm trying to imitate the doctors
13 Q. Right. So you're familiar with 13 who have educated us about this. What I
14 the process. 14 really mean are the long-term effects that
15 A. Yes. 15 appear later in life.
16 Q. Are you taking any medications 16 A. I have no --
17 today, Commissioner, that would be an 17 MR. GOLDFEIN: Objection -- just
18 impediment to your ability to recall events of 18 one second. I object to the form of the
19 the past? 19 question. Lacks foundation.
20 A. No. 20 Q. What was your answer, sir?
21 Q. And you're not aware of any 21 A. Can you ask the question again,
22 impediments to your ability to testify 22 please?
23 truthfully today, are you? 23 MR. GRYGIEL: Can you read it
24 A. No. 24 back, Francis.
25 Q. Now, when you were in private 25 (Record read.)
Page 19 Page 21
1 practice, did you have any experience with 1 Q. Why don't I start again and maybe
2 concussion litigation of any kind? 2 we could save time.
3 A. Not that I recall. 3 MR. GOLDFEIN: It might be --
4 Q. So, to be clear, you don't recall 4 A. It's up to you.
5 ever handling a case that involved a claim by 5 Q. I'll start again.
6 a plaintiff for injuries resulting from a 6 When you were working at the NBA,
7 concussion. 7 Commissioner, you weren't exposed to any
8 A. I'm thinking, because we're going 8 studies that discussed the long-term effects
9 back more than 30 years. I don't believe so. 9 of concussions for purposes of analyzing
10 Q. And when you were at the National 10 National Basketball Association players.
11 Basketball Association you didn't have any 11 A. Not that I recall.
12 responsibilities for studying concussions in 12 MR. GOLDFEIN: Objection.
13 the NBA, did you? 13 Commissioner, let me object
14 A. I don't believe so. 14 when --
15 Q. And you didn't handle any 15 THE WITNESS: Please.
16 litigation for the NBA that dealt with 16 MR. GOLDFEIN: Give me a second.
17 concussions brought by players, correct? 17 THE WITNESS: I didn't know you
18 A. I believe that's correct. 18 were objecting.
19 Q. And when you worked for the NBA, 19 MR. GOLDFEIN: I was objecting.
20 you didn't have any involvement at all in 20 THE WITNESS: I'm sorry.
21 studying the question of the exposure of 21 BY MR. GRYGIEL:
22 National Basketball Association players to the 22 Q. So it's fair to say that when you
23 risks of concussions, did you? 23 came to the National Hockey League, assuming
24 A. I believe that's correct. 24 your duties in 1993, the issue of concussions
25 Q. And, of course, when you were at 25 and their long-term effects wasn't something
Page 22 Page 24
1 with which you had experience professionally. 1 Q. But you don't have any memory
2 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form 2 today, sitting here in this chair, that that
3 of the question as lacking foundation. 3 was an issue you paid any attention to.
4 A. I don't believe prior to coming to 4 A. I don't recall one way or the
5 the NHL I had any experience at a professional 5 other.
6 level of dealing with concussions. 6 Q. When you joined the National
7 Q. Had you any experience at a 7 Hockey League, was there a medical advisory
8 personal level, for example, a personal 8 group of any kind that the Commissioner would
9 interest in the issue? 9 rely on for purposes of getting information
10 A. At the time, I don't believe so. 10 about injuries?
11 Q. Had you done any reading about 11 A. I seem to recall that the
12 concussions when you joined the National 12 physicians as a group would get together. How
13 Hockey League? 13 formal it was, I don't recall.
14 A. Do you have a time frame for that 14 Q. Was there a formal mechanism by
15 question? 15 which the National Hockey League physicians
16 Q. Sure. 1992, 1993. 16 reported on issues to the Commissioner on any
17 A. I don't believe so. 17 basis whatsoever, temporal or substantive?
18 Q. When you joined the National 18 MR. GOLDFEIN: Time period,
19 Hockey League did you have any discussions 19 please.
20 with any of your predecessors, let's start 20 MR. GRYGIEL: Sure. Right after
21 with Gil Stein, concerning the issue of 21 he joined the National Hockey League.
22 concussions in the National Hockey League? 22 A. I believe that when the physicians
23 A. I don't recall. 23 met as a group there would be communication
24 Q. Do you recall any discussions with 24 where they would advise the League office as
25 Mr. Zeigler concerning concussions in the 25 to what their agenda is and what they were
Page 23 Page 25
1 National Hockey League? 1 doing. I don't remember exactly how formal
2 A. Not that I recall. 2 that process was.
3 Q. Did you have any discussions with 3 But I do believe there was some
4 anyone else in the National Hockey League's 4 interaction and I may have even attended a
5 executive offices at that time concerning the 5 couple of meetings as the new guy in town.
6 issue of concussions? 6 Q. Okay. Do you remember from the
7 A. Not that I recall. 7 first year of joining the National Hockey
8 Q. Same time frame, Commissioner. 8 League any of those meetings dealing with
9 1992/1993, right after you joined, did you 9 concussions?
10 have any discussions with anyone in the 10 A. Not specifically.
11 National Hockey League executive office about 11 Q. And I take it you don't remember
12 whether or not concussions had long-term 12 any of those meetings in your first years
13 effects later in life? 13 dealing with the issue of aftereffects of
14 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form 14 concussions.
15 of the question. 15 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form
16 A. No. 16 of the question.
17 Q. It's fair to say that in your 17 A. I don't believe so.
18 first months on the job, the issue of 18 Q. And to be more precise, in this
19 concussions and their aftereffects wasn't 19 first year after you the joined the League you
20 something you were focused on. 20 don't recall any of those meetings dealing
21 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form 21 with the issue of what is called
22 of the question. 22 "post-concussion syndrome."
23 A. I was focused on a lot of things 23 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form
24 at that time. I can't tell you with certainty 24 of the question.
25 what I was and wasn't focused on 23 years ago. 25 A. I don't recall. You'd have to
Page 26 Page 28
1 refresh my recollection if there was. 1 A. Not that I recall.
2 Q. Was there any particular medical 2 Q. Did Dr. Meeuwisse ever discuss
3 person in any of the clubs that you relied on 3 with you the issue of long-term effects of
4 in the first couple of years, say the first 4 concussions?
5 three years of your duties, for information 5 A. I don't have a specific
6 about player injuries? 6 recollection of that.
7 A. The problem I have with the 7 Q. Did Dr. Meeuwisse ever discuss
8 question is when you say any particular 8 with you the issue of long-term effects of
9 person. I tend to try and have an open-door 9 concussions?
10 policy and communicate and get information as 10 A. Didn't you just ask me that?
11 broadly as I can. I believe the head of the 11 Q. Oh, I'm sorry. Dr. Mulder.
12 doctors' group at the time may have been Chip 12 A. Not that I recall.
13 Burke from Pittsburgh. I'm not a hundred 13 Q. That'll happen more than once
14 percent certain. Dr. Mulder in Montreal has 14 today and I apologize in advance.
15 always been a long-respected physician. 15 A. It's not a problem.
16 So in the course of my dealings 16 Q. When you joined the National
17 and being introduced to the personnel 17 Hockey League in 1993, did you become aware of
18 throughout the NHL, I'm sure I bumped into and 18 any underway effort by anyone at the National
19 had some conversations with some doctors, but 19 Hockey League executive offices looking at
20 I don't have a specific recollection because, 20 rules for purposes of reducing hits to the
21 as we said, it was 23 years ago. 21 head?
22 Q. Okay. Coming forward in time from 22 A. At that time frame?
23 those 23 years ago to today, is there any 23 Q. Right.
24 particular doctor affiliated with a National 24 A. Not that I recall.
25 Hockey League team that you can recall 25 Q. Were there any less formal, say,
Page 27 Page 29
1 discussing the issue of concussions with? 1 discussion groups at the executive offices
2 A. Well, from an NHL team -- at times 2 looking at the question of hits to the head in
3 I've had conversations with Chip Burke. And 3 1993?
4 there may have been other doctors as well, 4 A. Again, not that I recall.
5 team doctors. 5 Q. Same question with respect to the
6 I mean, obviously, there have been 6 time period 1993, Commissioner, through 1996.
7 other doctors that I've discussed concussions 7 A. I'm not exactly sure of the time
8 with. But team doctors, Chip Burke most 8 frame, but somewhere in the mid to late '90s
9 notably comes to mind. 9 the issue of concussions and head contact was
10 Q. Is there any other doctor that 10 coming to the forefront. But I can't fix an
11 most notably comes to mind perhaps simply 11 exact time on that.
12 subordinate to your memory of Dr. Burke? 12 Q. If I suggest to you it was
13 A. You mean from a team. 13 approximately 1996, does that sound about
14 Q. Yeah. 14 right to you?
15 A. Dr. Meeuwisse. At various points 15 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form
16 in time Dr. Mulder. And there may have been 16 of the question as leading and
17 others. I don't have a specific recollection 17 suggestive in light of the testimony.
18 because I can't recall any specific 18 A. I have a vague recollection, which
19 conversation without having my memory jogged. 19 is nothing more than a vague recollection,
20 Q. Keeping in mind we're talking 20 that at one of the physicians' meetings, there
21 about Dr. Burke now, from the time you joined 21 may have been something that began to focus on
22 the League, Commissioner, coming forward, did 22 the issue and it came to my attention.
23 Dr. Burke ever discuss with you specifically 23 Q. I'm going to hold that as a marker
24 the question of the long-term effects of 24 for a minute and just go back to the time
25 concussions? 25 period when you joined the League coming
Page 30 Page 32
1 forward. 1 A. Not that I recall.
2 Did you find any files when you 2 Q. So at that time --
3 first joined the League that dealt with the 3 A. And I will just add, I didn't go
4 tracking of injuries by any category at all, 4 through all the files. I mean, there were
5 player, club, or area of the body that was 5 other people who had responsibilities. So,
6 injured? 6 you know, as a commissioner or a CEO, you tend
7 A. Not to make light of your 7 to operate at 10,000 feet, not necessarily at
8 question, you could have ended with "did you 8 ground level, so I didn't go through the file
9 find any files." 9 room.
10 Q. I think I now have my answer. 10 But, as I indicated, I don't have
11 A. There wasn't much. 11 any recollection of the files along the nature
12 Q. So you didn't find anything in the 12 that you just asked me.
13 way of -- 13 Q. As an aside, it will be probably
14 A. No. 14 draw an objection, one of the reasons I admire
15 Q. -- a previous -- a previous 15 you, Commissioner, is it seems you've been
16 officer or president of the League having 16 able to operate at 10,000 feet and at the
17 looked at any of the issues of concussions and 17 granular level, which is why some of these
18 their long-term effects? 18 questions are what they are.
19 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form 19 A. You have to pick your spots.
20 of the question. 20 Q. Right. When you joined the League
21 A. Certainly -- well, I have no 21 in 19 --
22 specific recollection of seeing any such 22 A. I'm not sure why you picked up
23 files. I do recall there was a dearth of 23 that book and said that though.
24 files. 24 Q. We can talk about that later.
25 Q. And you don't remember any 25 From 1993 through 1996, did you
Page 31 Page 33
1 injury-specific files. 1 find any evidence anywhere in the National
2 A. No, I don't. 2 Hockey League executive offices or files that
3 Q. And you don't remember any 3 the League was looking at focusing on reducing
4 proposal -- 4 head hits?
5 A. And I'm not making light of this. 5 A. I have no recollection of that.
6 It's just the way you asked the question and 6 Q. And you don't recall anything in
7 thinking about what I inherited at the time. 7 the period 1993 through 1996 that showed that
8 Q. I understand. 8 the National Hockey League was focusing on
9 So I take it you didn't see 9 reducing concussions.
10 anything in the way of a file for proposed 10 A. Well, again, when we talk about
11 studies of player health. 11 '93-96, somewhere around '96 -- so I don't
12 A. No. 12 know if your question includes '96 or excludes
13 Q. And you didn't see anything 13 '96 -- I believe the physicians at a meeting,
14 suggesting the National Hockey League at the 14 at least from my recollection, had something
15 executive level was looking at surveying 15 to say about the issue of concussions. It
16 retired players to determine whether or not 16 could have been early '96. Conceivably could
17 they were in good health. 17 have been '95. Could have been '97. And,
18 A. Not that I recall. 18 again, I don't know if your question included
19 Q. As you stated, there was a dearth 19 or excluded '96, but somewhere in that time
20 of files meaning not many. 20 frame I believe.
21 A. Some, but not many. 21 Q. At the time you joined the League,
22 Q. And none dealt with player health. 22 Commissioner, had you ever previously looked
23 A. Not that I recall. 23 at the NHL rule book?
24 Q. And none dealt with retiree 24 MR. GOLDFEIN: Objection. I'm not
25 health. 25 sure I understand the question. Before
Page 34 Page 36
1 he joined the League? 1 (Pause on the record.)
2 MR. GRYGIEL: Yeah. 2 A. I don't remember. I believe there
3 MR. GOLDFEIN: When he was at the 3 were five owners. Maybe Abe Pollin. My guess
4 NBA? 4 is that if you go to the board minutes where I
5 MR. GRYGIEL: Yeah. 5 was elected you will -- or board minutes prior
6 MR. GOLDFEIN: At the NHL rule 6 to when I was elected you'll find out who it
7 book. 7 was.
8 MR. GRYGIEL: Yeah. 8 Q. With those names in mind,
9 MR. GOLDFEIN: Okay. 9 Commissioner, does that refresh your memory of
10 A. I assume so. 10 any of them asking you a question of what your
11 Q. Okay. When you interviewed for 11 position was on fighting in the National
12 the job as Commissioner of the National Hockey 12 Hockey League?
13 League, had you reviewed the rule book, being 13 A. I don't believe so.
14 the careful lawyer that you are, in order to 14 Q. Did any of them, to your
15 answer questions? 15 recollection, ask you questions about whether
16 MR. GOLDFEIN: Objection to the 16 you would be in favor or against additional
17 form of the question. 17 rules concerning hits to the head?
18 A. I was a hockey fan. I was 18 A. I have no recollection of them
19 familiar with the game as a fan. I didn't, 19 asking me that.
20 when I joined the League, have the rule book 20 Q. At the time you joined the League
21 committed to memory. 21 in 1993, you were aware there was no specific
22 Q. Were you familiar with its general 22 rule dealing with hits to the head, correct?
23 contours? 23 A. Well, it depends on how you define
24 A. As a fan might be. 24 that.
25 Q. When you were interviewing for the 25 Q. There was no rule, for example,
Page 35 Page 37
1 job as commissioner, were you asked what you 1 that was titled Hits to the Head and then had
2 thought about fighting in the National Hockey 2 subtext underneath it.
3 League? 3 A. But, obviously, if you charge and
4 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form 4 leave your feet, if you elbow to the head.
5 of the question. 5 So, I mean, there were rules that dealt with
6 A. I have no recollection of that. 6 certain types of contact that were illegal.
7 Q. Who interviewed you for the job, 7 Was there a rule that actually said "hits to
8 sir? 8 the head," not that I recall.
9 A. Well, there was a search firm that 9 Q. Am I right, Commissioner, that the
10 went through two phases of interviews. And 10 first National Hockey League rule in your
11 then there was a search committee of owners 11 tenure that dealt specifically in nomenclature
12 who conducted the final interview and made the 12 with hits to the head was Rule 48 in 2010?
13 recommendation to the Board. That committee 13 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form
14 consisted of -- I'm not a hundred percent 14 of the question.
15 certain about this and I know there must be 15 A. Rule 48 clearly dealt with hits to
16 records. Mike Ilitch. Peter Pocklington. 16 the head. Both in its original form and as it
17 Bruce McNaul. Possibly Ed Snider, but I'm not 17 evolved. If you're asking me to go back in
18 a hundred percent sure. 18 our roughly 95-, -6-year history, I don't -- I
19 I'm running through the clubs. 19 can't tell you what the rule book said
20 That's why I'm taking the time to do this. 20 throughout in that regard. The document
21 Q. Okay. 21 obviously -- the documents, would obviously
22 A. Did I say Peter Pocklington? 22 speak for themselves.
23 Q. Yes, you did. 23 Q. I'm only asking, Commissioner,
24 A. I'm not a hundred percent sure 24 though, during your tenure, 1993 through 2010.
25 about him, either. 25 Let's take that time period. Are you aware of
Page 38 Page 40
1 any other rules in that time period that were 1 to the enactment of Rule 48. I'm not sure as
2 adopted and put into the rule book at the 2 I sit here today I have the calendar in my
3 National Hockey League dealing specifically 3 head that tells you exactly when it became
4 with hits to the head? 4 more of a front-burner issue. But I do seem
5 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the 5 to recall that in the '90s -- not just in the
6 form -- 6 NHL, everywhere in sports and in the medical
7 Q. Other than Rule 48. 7 community, there was more of a focus on
8 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form 8 concussions than perhaps there was before.
9 of the question. 9 Q. In 1996, Commissioner, the
10 A. Perhaps I can simplify things. 10 National Hockey League Physician Society
11 Rule 48 was intended to deal with 11 proposed that a study be done in terms of
12 hits to the head and that was a rule change 12 gathering data and analyzing concussions in
13 based on what we believe the rules were at the 13 the National Hockey League. Do you recall
14 time. 14 that?
15 Q. And was that the culmination of 15 MR. GOLDFEIN: I'm going to object
16 many years of discussion? 16 to the form of the question.
17 A. Well, I'm not sure if you and I 17 THE WITNESS: Read back the
18 would agree on what the word "many" means, but 18 question, please.
19 it required discussion and consideration and 19 (Record read.)
20 debate. 20 A. Well, there are two things. One,
21 Q. If I give you a time frame, "many" 21 as we discussed previously, I think I
22 meaning since 1996 through 2010, can we agree 22 indicated that somewhere around '96 the
23 that that was many years of discussion that 23 doctors had started to focus on concussions.
24 led to Rule 48? 24 I'm not sure I buy into your phraseology in
25 MR. GOLDFEIN: Objection to the 25 terms of gathering data. I think it was a
Page 39 Page 41
1 form of the question. 1 topic, at least my recollection is, that we
2 A. I'm not sure that I would agree 2 needed to focus on more, because there was, if
3 that 1996 was necessarily a pivotal point on 3 my recollection is correct, discussion about
4 that. As I'm sure you know, we spent a fair 4 having an understanding of how to diagnose
5 number of years -- and "we" I don't mean just 5 concussions, what return-to-play decisions
6 the League, I'm talking about the constituent 6 were because the state of medicine at that
7 groups, especially including the Players' 7 time was fairly uncertain and I think the
8 Association on behalf of the players, we were 8 doctors, as a group, were looking for some
9 trying to get a handle on the issue of 9 guidance so there was some consistency.
10 concussions. 10 Q. Do you remember, sitting here
11 And we were basically trying to be 11 today here now, Commissioner, whether any
12 as diligent as possible understanding what may 12 particular event spurred this study?
13 have been causing concussions in certain 13 A. In '96?
14 instances. And so you don't make up rules as 14 Q. Right.
15 you go along. I'm not fond of that. If 15 A. Well, I'm not sure -- when you say
16 you're going to change a rule or impose a rule 16 "spurred this study," you're assuming that a
17 you should have a good reason or believe you 17 study actually started at that particular
18 have a good reason for doing it, understanding 18 moment that spurred the focus.
19 what the consequences may be of imposing a 19 As I sit here today, I don't
20 rule change. 20 remember in '96 anything in particular, other
21 Q. So that I'm clear in 21 than I have a general sense that concussions
22 understanding, there was a period of time 22 in sports and concussions in the medical
23 beginning in approximately 1996 where 23 community was becoming more a central focus.
24 concussions became more of a focus. 24 Q. So no particular injury to any NHL
25 A. There was a period of time prior 25 player spurred this new focus on the National
Page 42 Page 44
1 Hockey League. 1 funding in terms of dollars any of this study
2 A. Not that I recall. 2 that the Physicians' Society had proposed?
3 Q. And you don't recall any 3 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form
4 particular concern voiced by any member of the 4 of the question.
5 Board of Governors that spurred this new 5 A. Well, I don't know at that time we
6 particular focus. 6 were yet funding anything. At some point we
7 A. I don't recall that as I sit here 7 hired somebody to do work for us, paid
8 today. 8 consultants, and that would be things that we
9 Q. And you don't remember any member 9 would do. And it's something that we would do
10 of the Board of Governors saying -- or the 10 while they might not pay for our people in
11 general managers saying, Hey, we have a 11 conjunction with the Players' Association
12 problem with concussions, let's get a better 12 because I think actually they hired their own
13 handle on it. 13 consultants as well.
14 A. I don't recall following through 14 Q. Did the National Hockey League at
15 like that. 15 the outset of the study supply any dedicated
16 Q. Did you have a role, Commissioner, 16 personnel to the project?
17 that you can describe with respect to this 17 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form
18 focus that the National Hockey League 18 of the question.
19 Physician Society was talking about? 19 A. Well, there have always been
20 MR. GOLDFEIN: Objection. I 20 liaison. Dedicated, if you mean a full-time
21 didn't hear, Steve. I'm sorry. 21 person who's full time on this --
22 MR. GRYGIEL: That's okay. 22 Q. Right.
23 MR. GOLDFEIN: Was it role did you 23 A. -- the answer is I don't recall
24 say? 24 that we did that. But I've had people who are
25 MR. GRYGIEL: Yeah. 25 responsible as part of their daily responsible
Page 43 Page 45
1 MR. GOLDFEIN: Okay. I heard rule 1 for dealing with the health and safety issues,
2 or role. 2 interfacing with the physicians, with the
3 THE WITNESS: Are you still 3 trainers, with the various study groups that,
4 objecting? 4 you know -- the Injury Analysis Panel, which
5 MR. GOLDFEIN: No. You can go 5 ultimately came to be. The Concussion Working
6 ahead. 6 Group. I have staff whose responsibility is
7 THE WITNESS: Would you read back 7 to do that. It's not a full-time job,
8 the question as to the role. 8 although it may be and they just do more than
9 (Record read.) 9 a full-time job. They have other
10 A. I want to explain this as 10 responsibilities.
11 accurately as possible. If we talk about 11 Q. Julie Grand was someone who worked
12 role, as Commissioner you focus on things as a 12 in this liaison --
13 CEO or CEO level. To the extent that the 13 A. That's who I had in mind when I
14 doctors were looking for, if they were, 14 was answering your question.
15 resource, assets, staff, involvement from the 15 Q. And to some extent, perhaps a
16 League, financial ability to do things, 16 lesser extent, Mr. Daly as well.
17 retention of people, that would be something 17 A. Yes. I mean --
18 that they would ask me for. 18 Q. Can you identify anybody else,
19 So was it a formal reporting 19 Commissioner?
20 structure like somebody who actually worked 20 A. Those would be the two principal
21 for me, no. But was there communication and 21 people that come to mind from the League
22 interplay between the League office including 22 office. And they're -- particularly Julie is
23 me and the Physicians' Group, the answer is 23 very actively involved in this subject.
24 yes. Which is why on occasion I'd go visit. 24 Q. So if I were interested in asking
25 Q. Was the National Hockey League 25 questions about the working, for example, of
Page 46 Page 48
1 the Concussion Working Group, Julie Grand 1 written documents?
2 would be the right person to ask? 2 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form
3 A. The specifics of what happens at 3 of the question.
4 every meeting and the evolution of things, she 4 A. I would get the statistical
5 would be your person. 5 analyses that were done, either seasonally or
6 Q. And she would also be my person if 6 semi-seasonally, whatever, because I was
7 I asked questions about the Injury Analysis 7 interested in the data on injuries. And that
8 Panel. 8 injury was being compiled.
9 A. I think so, but you would have to 9 I would either see in advance or
10 ask her that. 10 at the time the reports that were made to the
11 Q. Okay. I take it it's not you. 11 various constituencies, whether it was the
12 A. That would be correct. As I said 12 Competition Committee or the general managers
13 before, while we zoom in on some issues 13 of the board.
14 occasionally, we do things more at 10,000 feet 14 But for the most part -- I think
15 as any CEO. 15 for the most part, the reports would be more
16 Q. Did you discuss with anyone when 16 oral. What's going on, what's the status,
17 the studies began, actually began in 1997, did 17 what's happening. That type of thing.
18 you discuss with anyone whether the National 18 Q. Did you, Commissioner, see drafts
19 Hockey League would put financial support 19 of any written reports that the Concussion
20 behind this study? 20 Working Group was working on?
21 A. I assume -- I assume we did. How 21 MR. GOLDFEIN: Objection to the
22 we got to that point, I don't recall. My 22 form of the question.
23 guess is I was asked and I said of course. 23 A. Not that I recall.
24 Q. Do you remember the level of 24 Q. Did you see any articles in draft
25 magnitude, how much money the NHL was 25 form that were going to be the result of the
Page 47 Page 49
1 spending? 1 Concussion Working Group's efforts?
2 A. No, I don't. No. 2 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form
3 Q. Okay. Did the NHL commit any 3 of the question.
4 administrative support to this? 4 A. Not that I can recall.
5 A. Beyond participation of staff? 5 Q. Did anyone discuss with you what
6 Q. Beyond Ms. Grand and Mr. Daly to a 6 those documents, in terms of articles,
7 lesser extent. 7 documenting their work, should look like?
8 A. It may have been. You'd have to 8 A. Should look like?
9 ask them that. 9 Q. Right.
10 Q. During the course of the 10 A. No.
11 Concussion Working Group's study beginning in 11 Q. Did you ever discuss with anyone
12 1997, did you receive regular reports on their 12 what the emphasis should be for those
13 work? 13 documents?
14 A. I would -- well, when you say 14 A. No.
15 "regular reports," did I have an appointment 15 Q. If I were to ask someone about the
16 on the first of every month, the answer is no. 16 question of the documents produced by the
17 Did I try to keep an eye on 17 Concussion Working Group, would Julie Grand be
18 things, and I tend to run a fairly loose style 18 the best person?
19 with my staff in terms of my door is always 19 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form
20 open, so I would get periodic reports and be 20 of the question.
21 kept generally advised as to what was going 21 A. As among the League office people
22 on. 22 I believe so. But I think you'd have to ask
23 Q. Taking the time period, 23 her.
24 Commissioner, 1997 through 2007, did any of 24 I think I'm going to need my
25 these "regular reports" take the form of 25 glasses.
Page 50 Page 52
1 Q. I'm going to show you, 1 these minutes in draft, I don't recall seeing
2 Commissioner, what we're going to mark as 2 it. It wouldn't be unusual that when minutes
3 Bettman Exhibit Number 1. 3 of a general manager meeting were being
4 (Bettman Exhibit 1, Minutes of the 4 circulated, they get circulated to a bunch of
5 Meeting of the General Managers Held at 5 people including me. But that wouldn't mean
6 the LaQuinta Hotel Palms Springs, CA 6 that I would typically read them in draft. So
7 February 1-3, 1999 bearing production 7 I don't have a recollection of having seen
8 numbers NHL0211387 through NHL0211394, 8 this in draft when it was prepared.
9 marked for identification as of this 9 Q. Ministerial question,
10 date.) 10 Commissioner. Upper right-hand corner of the
11 BY MR. GRYGIEL: 11 first page, do you recognize the handwriting
12 Q. You will see that it is a draft 12 there as Kate Jones' handwriting?
13 document and it bears the stamp Draft in the 13 A. I don't recognize it as Kate's
14 upper left-hand corner. Minutes of the 14 handwriting. The fact that it says From Kate
15 Meeting of the General Managers held at the 15 and says KJ would lead me to assume -- which
16 LaQuinta Hotel, February 1-3, 1999. 16 I'm told you're not supposed to do in your
17 I take it you have seen this 17 deposition -- but common sense would tell you
18 document before? 18 that that's Kate Jones. But I wouldn't -- if
19 A. I don't know that I have. 19 it didn't say From Kate and have the KJ, I
20 Q. Take a moment and -- 20 wouldn't know that that was her handwriting.
21 MR. GOLDFEIN: Hold it one second. 21 Q. Would you turn, Commissioner, to
22 He can answer these questions -- you can 22 the page that ends in the Bates number at the
23 answer any of these questions without 23 lower right-hand corner, 391. You will see it
24 disclosing privilege, anything that's 24 says NHL Head Injury Project in the lower
25 privileged. Because, obviously, we 25 quadrant of the page. Number 7.
Page 51 Page 53
1 prepared, and the Commissioner did 1 And I'd ask you to take a moment
2 review certain documents in connection 2 and read that section as it continues over
3 with the deposition that you had 3 onto the next page.
4 supplied to us, Counsel. 4 A. Sure. Sure.
5 MR. GRYGIEL: Right. 5 (Document review.)
6 MR. GOLDFEIN: So I don't want 6 A. Okay.
7 there to be something -- you're not 7 Q. You've had a chance to read, it
8 referring to whether he saw a document 8 Commissioner?
9 in preparation as opposed to whether he 9 A. Yes, I have.
10 had seen it independently. 10
11 MR. GRYGIEL: Well, I do think I'm 11
12 entitled to ask if the Commissioner 12
13 looked at documents in preparation for 13
14 purposes of refreshing his recollection 14
15 to testify. I think as a matter of 15
16 evidentiary law I'm right about that. 16
17 And I guess that should be my question. 17
18 MR. GOLDFEIN: That would call for 18
19 a yes or no. 19
20 MR. GRYGIEL: Yeah. 20
21 MR. GOLDFEIN: And -- yes. 21
22 A. I don't recall. And -- I don't 22
23 recall based on the discussion you and Mr. 23
24 Goldfein were having about the prep. I may or 24
25 may not have seen this. But as it relates to 25
Page 54 Page 56
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Page 66 Page 68
1 1 recipient.
2 2 A. Then I assume I saw it. I got it.
3 3 Q. You don't have any reason to doubt
4 4 you would have received this in the ordinary
5 5 course of your work at the NHL?
6 6 A. No.
7 7 Q. And you'll see this is Julie Grand
8 8 discussing visible signs of concussion,
9 9 correct?
10 10 A. Yes.
11 11 Q. And you will see she discusses 86
12 12 regular season concussions, right?
13 13 A. Where are you looking?
14 14 Q. Middle paragraph -- first --
15 15 second paragraph of her e-mail, sir.
16 16 A. Right.
17 17 Q. And she says: "Of the 86 regular
18 18 season concussions this season, in 31 the
19 19 player continued playing or returned to play
20 20 same game. In 13/31, meaning 13 of 31, the
21 21 player had visible signs of potential
22 22 concussion (wobbly, holding head, et cetera).
23 23 In the remainder it's possible that the
24 24 player's symptoms/signs did not evolve until
25 25 after the game concluded, which may explain
Page 67 Page 69
1 1 their continued play."
2 2 I read that correctly, didn't I?
3 3 A. I believe so.
4 4 Q. And then it goes on in the next
5 Q. You can set that one aside for the 5 paragraph to discuss whether or not the same
6 moment, Commissioner. 6 game RTP in 30 percent seems like more than
7 A. Sure. 7 uncommon circumstances, correct?
8 (Bettman Exhibit 2, e-mail dated 8 A. Where are you reading?
9 3/8/2011 bearing production numbers 9 MR. GOLDFEIN: Objection to form.
10 NHL0231896 through NHL0231897, marked 10 Q. Next paragraph down.
11 for identification as of this date.) 11 A. Oh, you only read part of that
12 BY MR. GRYGIEL: 12 paragraph. That's why I lost you.
13 Q. I am going to show you what I am 13 You mean this paragraph that goes
14 marking now, Commissioner, as Bettman 14 "While our current protocol allows for same
15 Exhibit 2. You see it's a two-page document 15 game return to play, it says it should be
16 and it bears some handwriting in the upper 16 uncommon and only if the player has complete
17 right-hand corner that says Return to Play. 17 resolution of symptoms and is neurologically
18 Could you take a moment and look 18 normal as determined from a SCAT2 type
19 at that, please. 19 assessment."
20 (Document review.) 20 Q. Right.
21 A. Okay. 21 A. Okay.
22 Q. Have you ever seen this document 22 Q. When you got this e-mail, did you
23 before? 23 respond to Ms. Grand and say You need to
24 A. I don't recall. 24 follow up with these particular teams whose
25 Q. You'll see you are shown as a 25 players you observed?
Page 70 Page 72
1 A. I don't recall that I did. But my 1 will enforce the revised protocol going
2 guess is she did. 2 forward."
3 Q. Were you surprised when you saw 3 Do you see that?
4 this? 4 A. Yes. My guess is we did.
5 A. No. We were involved in evolving 5 Q. Did you participate in that
6 something that was new. 6 discussion?
7 Q. When Ms. Grand says same game RTP 7 A. With the GMs? I'm at the GMs'
8 and 30 percent -- actually I think the 8 meeting so I'm assuming I did.
9 percentage is something like 36 percent. 9 Q. Can you recall anything specific
10 A. I didn't do the math. 10 that you said about the necessity of
11 Q. Looking at this, does this tell 11 compliance with this protocol?
12 you as Commissioner that there needed to be a 12 A. I'm sure if you showed me the
13 better enforcement mechanism for making sure 13 minutes of the meeting you'd refresh my
14 that teams complied with the protocol? 14 recollection.
15 A. I think based on the stage we were 15 Q. But sitting here now you can't
16 at and the evolution of what we were doing I 16 remember anything.
17 think we needed more education and more 17 A. I assume I once again reinforced
18 attention focus. 18 the fact that we're taking this matter
19 You know, sanctions are great, but 19 seriously and we need to do what the medical
20 we were involved in a process that was 20 community is telling us we need to do.
21 evolving, which required education. And 21 Q. I mean, as you've said in this
22 better to get the culture changed and people 22 deposition and elsewhere, the NHL took the
23 knowing what the right thing was to do than 23 lead on concussion management as opposed to
24 just threaten them. And I think that's what 24 other pro sports, right?
25 we were in the middle of here. And I also 25 A. Yes.
Page 71 Page 73
1 think that our return-to-play decisions and 1 Q. And one of the bases for saying
2 our diagnosis decisions were also not made by 2 that is this concussion protocol, true?
3 the club, made by the medical people, were 3 A. Yes.
4 still evolving as well. 4 Q. And this protocol is only as good
5 Q. Okay. When you got this e-mail, 5 as its enforcement and as its observance as
6 Commissioner, I take it you didn't give any 6 opposed to simply being a piece of paper,
7 directive about any specific follow-up Ms. 7 agreed?
8 Grand should take. 8 A. Well, but you need to implement it
9 A. I said I don't recall, but I'm 9 first. You needed to change the culture. It
10 sure she followed up. 10 was an evolving work in process that had many
11 Q. Did you discuss with Dr. 11 constituent groups. And I think our track
12 Echemendia, any particular steps the NHL 12 record in getting the changing culture and
13 should consider taking to get better 13 getting the protocols to the extent we did and
14 compliance? 14 the fact that they're being applied the way
15 A. I don't recall doing that but 15 they are now was extraordinarily good.
16 again we were involved in a process. You're 16 Q. But you would agree with me that
17 taking a snapshot and this is more of a video. 17 the protocol is only as good as its
18 Q. When you say "this" you're talking 18 enforcement.
19 about the NHL's program as opposed to the 19 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form
20 snapshot being the document. 20 of the question.
21 A. No, I'm talking about the 21 A. You're making it sound like it's
22 document. 22 binary like throwing a light switch. Not that
23 Q. Yeah. Ms. Grand's last paragraph, 23 simple.
24 the fifth of her text says: "We should 24 Q. I agree with you, Commissioner,
25 discuss with the GMs and internally how we 25 it's not that simple. But you would agree
Page 74 Page 76
1 with me that if this is simply a piece of 1 A. The clubs as a general matter know
2 paper, the concussion protocol, and nothing is 2 that if they do -- if they don't do what
3 done to make sure clubs follow it, it's not 3 they're supposed to do or they do what they're
4 particularly helpful. 4 not supposed to do, there are typically
5 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form 5 consequences. Runs across the board on --
6 of the question. 6 it's not just on this issue. It's -- we
7 A. We've been very good as a League 7 interact with the club on a whole host of
8 with our Players' Association and our other 8 things, on a whole host of matters on a
9 constituent groups in educating everybody as 9 regular basis, and they know what we expect of
10 to what needed to be done and following up. 10 them.
11 If your inference is the protocol is a piece 11 Q. But I take it there was no
12 of paper and we don't take it seriously, I 12 systematic compliance mechanism that the NHL
13 would absolutely reject that position by you. 13 executive offices drafted to ensure compliance
14 It's belied by everything that 14 with the concussion protocol?
15 we've done and the fact is to do what we did 15 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form
16 took an extraordinary ongoing effort, which is 16 of the question.
17 still going on and it's still evolving, and to 17 A. If you're asking me do the clubs
18 suggest that at any point in time we were not 18 know that they'll get fined or potentially
19 diligent in this process is not only untrue 19 worse if they don't do what they're supposed
20 but somewhat offensive. 20 to do, I believe all the clubs know that.
21 Q. I don't mean to be offensive. I'm 21 Q. But that wasn't exactly what I was
22 simply asking questions, Commissioner. 22 asking you.
23 A. And I'm responding. 23 A. No. But I'm answering the
24 Q. Fair enough. 24 question to the best of my ability.
25 Ms. Grand goes on to talk about 25 Q. Can you identify for me any
Page 75 Page 77
1 "internally we should discuss." Do you 1 program that the NHL put in place that
2 remember any internal discussions not 2 specifically mandates compliance with the
3 including the GMs about how the revised 3 concussion protocols?
4 protocol would be enforced? 4 A. If you look at everything we've
5 MR. GOLDFEIN: I'm sorry, Counsel. 5 done and you look at all the minutes and you
6 Where does she say internally we should 6 see what we've done with the GMs, with the
7 discuss? 7 coaches, with the trainers, with the players
8 A. It says it here. 8 and the Players' Association, we are committed
9 MR. GRYGIEL: Fifth paragraph. 9 to enforcing this. We've made a multitude of
10 A. It says: "We should discuss with 10 changes including the evolving of the
11 the GMs and internally how we will enforce the 11 concussion protocol, both the diagnosis and
12 revised...going forward if we observe 12 return to play and we follow up.
13 players..." 13 You see, the point that I think
14 I think it was exactly how we were 14 you're missing is we're constantly interacting
15 going to follow up. And my guess is what we 15 with our clubs. On this and other matters.
16 were going to say to the GMs. 16 So when we'd see something in any
17 Q. Okay. Do you remember anything 17 sphere that isn't being complied with the
18 specific about the internal discussion? 18 clubs are told, warned, or possibly
19 A. Not specifically. But, again, 19 disciplined.
20 whatever we did probably was reflected in the 20 So the type of formal mechanism
21 minutes of the next GM meeting. 21 that you're seeking, it's formal in the sense
22 Q. Coming out of this March 8th, 2011 22 that it's standard ordinary practice for us.
23 in the next GM meeting, did the NHL consider 23
24 any enforcement protocol to ensure compliance 24
25 with the concussion protocol? 25
Page 78 Page 80
1 1 2 through I guess page 8 if you're going to
2 2 ask me about a question about something in the
3 3 middle.
4 4
5 5
6 6
7 (Bettman Exhibit 3, Minutes of the 7
8 Meeting of the General Managers Held at 8
9 Boca Beach Club - Boca Raton, Florida 9
10 March 14-16, 2011 bearing production 10
11 numbers NHL0155335 through NHL0155359, 11
12 marked for identification as of this 12
13 date.) 13
14 BY MR. GRYGIEL: 14
15 Q. I'm showing you now, Commissioner, 15 Q. Part of the reason we provide
16 what we're going to mark as Bettman Exhibit 16 these in advance -- and I obviously realize
17 Number 3. You will see this says Minutes of 17 there are a lot of documents provided in
18 the Meeting of the General Managers, Boca 18 advance -- so that we don't have to do that
19 Beach Club, Boca Raton, Florida, March 14-16, 19 every one of these cases.
20 2011. And you will see that this is the 20 A. How many documents did you provide
21 general manager's meeting that followed the 21 in advance?
22 e-mail we just looked at from Ms. Grand. 22 Q. I think about a hundred and -- now
23 A. This is not signed. So is this -- 23 it's probably 300.
24 I can't tell you that this is the real final 24 MR. GOLDFEIN: No, 320.
25 absolute accurate set of minutes. 25 Q. 300. More than usual.
Page 79 Page 81
1 Q. Okay. And I wasn't going to ask 1 A. With all due respect --
2 you that. 2 Q. Right. More than usual. More
3 A. Okay. Well, but -- 3 than usual.
4 Q. And I understand. There are some 4 A. Okay. So --
5 of these that are draft unfortunately and some 5 Q. Let me try it this way. And if
6 are not. And this one is not signed. I don't 6 you can't answer this question without reading
7 know if that means it's a final that's 7 the whole document, I'll understand that.
8 unsigned or a draft that's unsigned. I don't 8 MR. GOLDFEIN: No, I'm going to
9 know either. 9 object. The Commissioner said he would
10 A. Well, but I'm not authenticating 10 like to read the document. He reads
11 this as a business record for you. 11 pretty quickly and you should allow him
12 Q. I'm not asking you to. 12 to read the document.
13 A. And I'm not even sure, to the 13 THE WITNESS: What kind of
14 extent you're going to use it to try and 14 pressure are you putting on me to speed
15 refresh my recollection, hopefully this is 15 read?
16 what it purports to be because it wouldn't be 16 A. Do you want me to read it or not?
17 terribly fair or accurate if this gives me the 17 Talk to me.
18 wrong impression on something. 18 Q. I prefer you didn't have to read
19 Q. Let's see if it refreshes your 19 the whole thing. And, frankly, I don't think
20 recollection. We'll try it. 20 you need to to answer the question I wanted to
21 A. Okay. 21 ask you.
22 Q. If you would turn to the page -- 22 A. Well, you know what? Ask me the
23 upper corner here, page 4, Commissioner. 23 question and then I'll tell you whether or not
24 A. Page 4. That's in the middle of a 24 I want to read the whole thing.
25 section. I'd rather start and read from page 25 Q. That's a good way to approach it.
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16 16 Q. I'm showing you now, Commissioner,
17 17 what we're going to mark as Exhibit Number 4.
18 18 (Bettman Exhibit 4, document
19 19 headed Concussions in the National
20 20 Hockey League NHL General mangers'
21 21 Meeting March 2011 bearing production
22 22 numbers NHL0200272 through NHL0200366,
23 23 marked for identification as of this
24 24 date.)
25 25 BY MR. GRYGIEL:
Page 87 Page 89
1 1 Q. You will see it is a fairly thick
2 2 stack, the cover page of which says
3 3 Concussions in the National Hockey League.
4 4 Have you ever seen this document
5 5 before, Commissioner?
6 6 A. I am sure I've seen the
7 7 presentation. If this is the final document.
8 8 I don't know if it is or it isn't but I know
9 9 there was a presentation made in March of 2011
10 10 to the general managers at their meeting. If
11 11 this is a draft of the final form, I don't
12 12 know that. And I don't know that I've
13 13 actually seen it in hard copy prior to the
14 14 presentation at the meeting.
15 15 Q. Do you know who would have been
16 16 charged with putting this document together?
17 17 A. It could have been one of a number
18 18 of people. It could have been Julie Grand.
19 19 It could have been Gary Meagher. It could
20 20 have been -- the answer is I don't know who
21 21 prepared this actually. It could have been
22 22 either of them but it could have been somebody
23 23 else. It could have been our medical
24 24 consultants.
25 25 Q. Would you have reviewed this
Page 90 Page 92
1 before it went out? 1 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form
2 A. Not necessarily. When you say 2 of that question.
3 "went out," I think it was presented. I don't 3 A. I don't think it's medically
4 think it was sent out in this form. 4 recommended.
5 Q. Okay. If you would turn, 5 Q. And by not medically recommended
6 Commissioner, to the page that bears the 6 you mean, yes, it increases the danger to that
7 number in the lower right-hand corner, 55, and 7 particular player.
8 the Bates page is 356. And you'll see the top 8 MR. GOLDFEIN: Objection to the
9 of the page is "Return to Game?" And it deals 9 form of the question.
10 with Concussions, MGL, and MGL Per Concussion. 10 A. I'm not sure what you mean by
11 MGL is man games lost, correct? 11 "dangerous." The fact is if you're playing
12 A. Yes. 12 while you're concussed, you shouldn't be.
13 Q. Looking at the numbers there, do 13 It's not even about the second concussion.
14 you have any reason to doubt that those are 14 You may not be -- your reflexes might not be
15 accurate? 15 as good and you may wind up getting injured in
16 A. I have no reason to doubt that 16 some other way.
17 they're either accurate or inaccurate, again, 17 Q. So it's bad for all kinds of
18 because I don't know that this document is the 18 reasons. We can agree on that, right?
19 final form or that which was presented. 19 A. Yes.
20 I assume that which was ultimately 20 MR. GOLDFEIN: Objection to the
21 presented has the accurate numbers. 21 form of the question.
22 Q. If you would turn to the next page 22 Q. Looking at this page here, Finish
23 you will see there is another heading that 23 Game, you see that 16 players finished the
24 says "Finish Game?" 24 game who were either diagnosed with a
25 Do you have any reason to doubt 25 concussion or later diagnosed with a
Page 91 Page 93
1 that the numbers presented here are 1 concussion in 2009/2010. And then in
2 inaccurate? 2 2010/2011 22 did.
3 A. Same answer as I gave you on the 3 And the percentages are actually
4 prior page. 4 26 percent and 27 percent.
5 Q. And you're aware, aren't you, 5 MR. GOLDFEIN: Objection.
6 Commissioner, that if a person is suffering 6 Q. Did you ever focus on that with
7 from a concussion that is unhealed and they 7 Ms. Grand and say We need to do better on
8 suffer a second one, they're much more likely 8 this?
9 to suffer a third? 9 A. Well, actually --
10 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form 10 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form
11 of the question. Lacks foundation. 11 of the question. It lacks foundation.
12 A. Say that again. 12 A. Also you don't know what this
13 Q. Sure. You're aware if a person is 13 means because not all concussions are
14 suffering from an unhealed concussion, they're 14 immediately identifiable. Somebody might
15 much more likely to suffer a second 15 actually be able to clinically pass an
16 concussion. 16 evaluation, go back on the ice, and then not
17 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form 17 have symptoms for a couple of days. That
18 of the question. 18 would not be unheard of. So I'm not exactly
19 A. Actually, I don't know whether or 19 sure what this represents.
20 not -- I'm not a doctor -- they're more likely 20 Q. Looking at the numbers in front of
21 to suffer a second. But if they suffer a 21 us, does it refresh your recollection about
22 second, it's likely to be more serious. 22 anything any of the general managers said
23 Q. So for a player returning to play 23 about the concussion protocol not working very
24 before the player is fully healed is a 24 well?
25 dangerous thing for that player, correct? 25 A. No.
Page 94 Page 96
1 Q. Does it refresh your memory about 1
2 anything any general manager said about how to 2
3 make it work better? 3
4 A. Actually, you'd have to look at 4
5 the minutes, which we just went through, of 5
6 the same meeting, and that would tell you what 6
7 was said and what wasn't said. 7
8 Q. Did any general manager ever 8
9 suggest that there be sanctions for clubs who 9
10 don't follow the protocol? 10
11 A. Not that I recall because they all 11
12 understood that ultimately, once we got this 12
13 to a point where everybody understood what 13
14 they needed to do, that they would be required 14
15 to comply. And our compliance has been pretty 15
16 good. Pretty darn good. 16
17 Q. Did you ever discuss this issue of 17
18 returning to play while still concussed with 18
19 any member of the Board of Governors outside 19
20 of a Board of Governors' meeting? 20
21 A. Not that I recall. 21
22 Q. Did you ever discuss the issue of 22
23 returning to play while a player is still 23
24 concussed with any independent medical advisor 24
25 that you retained for the NHL outside of the 25
Page 95 Page 97
1 NHL's doctors? 1
2 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form 2
3 of the question. 3
4 A. Repeat the question, please. 4
5 MR. GRYGIEL: Read it back, 5
6 Francis. 6
7 (Record read.) 7
8 MR. GOLDFEIN: Object to the form 8
9 of the question. 9
10 A. If you're asking me the question 10
11 did I ever have a conversation that said 11
12 obviously if somebody's concussed we don't 12
13 want them playing, I can't tell you I never 13
14 had that conversation. I don't have a 14
15 specific recollection because it's pretty 15
16 obvious. 16
17 MR. GOLDFEIN: Are you done with 17
18 this? 18
19 MR. GRYGIEL: Yeah. For now. I'm 19
20 sure I'll end up coming back to it. 20
21 (Bettman Exhibit 5, e-mail dated 21
22 4/10/2011 bearing production numbers 22
23 NHL0516458 through NHL0516459, marked 23
24 for identification as of this date.) 24
25 BY MR. GRYGIEL: 25
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Page 506
1 CERTIFICATE
2
3 STATE OF NEW YORK )
4 : ss.
5 COUNTY OF NEW YORK )
6 I, FRANCIS X. FREDERICK, a
7 Notary Public within and for the State
8 of New York, do hereby certify:
9 That GARY BETTMAN, the witness
10 whose deposition is hereinbefore set
11 forth, was duly sworn by me and that
12 such deposition is a true record of
13 the testimony given by the witness.
14 I further certify that I am not
15 related to any of the parties to this
16 action by blood or marriage, and that
17 I am in no way interested in the
18 outcome of this matter.
19 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have
20 hereunto set my hand this 6th day of
21 August, 2015.
22
23
24 _____________________
25 FRANCIS X. FREDERICK
Page 507
1 NAME OF CASE: NATIONAL HOCKEY LEAGUE
2 CONCUSSION LITIGATION
3 DATE OF DEPOSITION: JULY 31, 2015
4 NAME OF WITNESS: GARY BETTMAN
5 Reason codes:
1. To clarify the record.
6 2. To conform to the facts.
3. To correct transcription errors.
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____________________________
24
GARY BETTMAN
25
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