DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 7: ENERGY AND POWER

SCIENCE FORM 3
2020
(NOTES, PBD, EXERCISE)
NAME:
CLASS:
TEACHER: PN. WAN HARYANA BT WAN HARUN

CHAPTER : 7 ENERGY AND POWER

CONTENT CONTENT DATE TEACHER’S

STANDARD SIGN
7.1 Work, energy and power

7 7.2 Potential Energy and Kinetic

ENERGY AND POWER Energy

7.3 Principle of Conservation of
Energy

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DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 7: ENERGY AND POWER
NOTES

7.1 WORK, ENERGY AND POWER

Work

1. Work, W, is defined is defined as the product of _______________ and _____________________________, in

the direction of the force, that is _______________________.
2. The S.I. unit for work is ______________________
• 1 joule (J) of work is done when a ______________________ is used to move an object over a
______________________________ in the direction of the force, that is _________________________
3. ______________________ and __________________are two physical quantities other than work which are
measured in units of ________________________(Nm). Larger units such as _____________ and
______________________ are also used in the measurement of work.

Examples of Calculation of Work in Daily Activities

ACTIVITY A
• Force =
• Direction of force=
• Displacement in the direction of the force=
• Work done?

ACTIVITY B
• Force =
• Direction of force=
• Displacement in the direction of the force=
• Work done?

ACTIVITY C
• Force =
• Direction of force=
• Displacement in the direction of the force=
• Work done?

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Calculation of work done

Example Solution
1. Figure below shows a student weighing 400 N carrying a
load of 100 N while climbing a flight of stairs of a vertical
height of 3 m. Calculate the work done

2. Figure below shows Ali lifting a box of mass 10 kg from the

floor to the top of a cupboard. How much work is done
by Ali? (Assume gravitational force acting on an object of
mass 1 kg = 10 N)

3. A labourer pulled a bucket of cement weighing 300 N

from the ground to the first floor of a building using a
pulley system. The first floor is 10 m from the ground. What
is the work done by the labourer?

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Energy and Power

1. Energy is defined as _______________________________________________________________________________

2. The S.I. unit for energy is __________________________________
• When a _________________________ is used to move an object over a _______________ in the
direction of the force, ____________________________ is used.
3. Power, P, is defined as __________________________________________________, that is:

4. The S.I. unit for power is __________________.

• When ______________________s done in __________________, power of ______________ is used,
that is _______________________________

Examples of Calculation of Power in Daily Activities

ACTIVITY D
A monkey weighing 50 N climbed a height of 3 m up a • Force =
tree in 20 s.
• Direction of force=
• Displacement in the direction of the force=
• Work done=

• Time taken=
• Power?

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ACTIVITY E
• Force =
Aizul pulled a box up a smooth ramp from A to B with a
force of 30 N over a distance of 2 m (in the direction of the • Direction of force=
force) in 5 s. • Displacement in the direction of the force=
• Work done?=

• Time taken=
• Power?

ACTIVITY G
• Force =
A 150 N weight is lifted to a height of 1 m in 0.5 s.
• Direction of force=
• Displacement in the direction of the force=
• Work done?=

• Time taken=
• Power?

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DATE: ______________ DAY: ____________________ CHAPTER 7: ENERGY AND POWER

. pbd
CONTENT STANDARD: 7.1 WORK, ENERGY AND POWER

1. What are the unit and symbol for work? PL1

Unit: _________________ Symbol:________________

2. Mark ( ✓ ) the factors that affect work done. PL1

Time Force Displacement

3. What are the unit and the symbol for power? PL1
Unit: _____________________ Symbol:______________________

4. Mark ( ✓ ) the factors that affect the power generated. PL1

Time Force Mass Displacement

5. Mark ( ✓ ) in the boxes below the activities that involve work done in everyday life.
Pushing Walking Washing clothes Sitting on the
a concrete wall floor

6. Solve the following questions by using these formula: PL3/KBAT

(a) ,The diagram on the right shows a student lifting a weight, 0.5 m vertically from the floor. If the
force recorded on the spring balance is 5 N, calculate the work done by the student.

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P3/KBATA boy pushed a 20 kg box over a distance of 2 m. Calculate the work done. [1kg = 10 N]

BAT
(b) A worker had done 150 J of work in 5 s. Calculate the power he generated.

(c) Syed which weighs 70 kg takes 8 seconds to run up a flight of stairs which has vertical height of 15 m.
what is Syed’s power?(1kg=10N)

(d) A woman weighs 720 N pushes a trolley loaded with 340 N over a distance of 55 m. if her power
output is 100 W, how much time does she take?

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NOTES
7.2 POTENTIAL ENERGY AND KINETIC ENERGY
Gravitational Potential Energy
1. Gravitational potential energy is ___________________________________________________________________

Relationship between Work and Gravitational Potential Energy

Figure shows an object of mass, m, being lifted vertically to a height, h, from

Earth’s surface.
• Work done = Force × displacement in direction of force = Weight ×
height lifted = (m × g) × h = mgh
• Since there is ____ other form of energy produced, all ____________ on
the object will be converted to ___________________________________.
Gravitational potential energy = work done = ________________

Example of numerical problem

Example Solution
1. Photograph below shows a lift at KLCC mall.
The lift can carry a load of mass 1 500 kg to a
height of 30 m.
a) How much work is
done by this lift?
(b) What is the
gravitational
potential energy of
this lift at a height of
30 m?
(c) What is the
relationship between
work done by the lift
and gravitational
potential energy of
the lift?
(d) What is the power of the lift in kW if the time
taken to lift a load?

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2. Figure below shows an eagle of mass 2 kg
perches on the Petronas Twin Towers. If the
gravitational potential energy of the eagle is 9
000 J, what is the height, h of the eagle from the
Earth’s surface?

3. Figure below shows a sphere of mass 3 kg being

pushed along a smooth inclined plane. What is
the gravitational potential energy of the sphere
when it reaches point Y?

Elastic Potential Energy

1. A spring that is __________________ or ___________________possesses ______________________________________
2. Elastic potential energy is _____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Relationship between Work and Elastic Potential Energy

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Example of numerical problem

Example Solution
1. The original length of spring S is 20 cm. When the
final force exerted on spring S is 20 N, its new length
becomes 12 cm. Calculate the elastic potential
energy possessed by the compressed spring S.

2. The original length of spring X is 1.0 m. When the

final force exerted on spring X is 150 N, the new
length becomes 1.5 m. Calculate the elastic
potential energy possessed by the stretched
spring X.

3. A force of 200 N is used to stretch a bowstring 20

cm in the direction of force as shown in Figure 2.
Calculate the elastic potential energy possessed
by the stretched bowstring.

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Kinetic Energy
1. Kinetic energy is the energy ________________________________________________________________________

Example Solution
1. When a train of mass 500 000 kilogram
moves with a velocity of 360 km h–1,
how much kinetic energy is possessed by
the train?

2. A ball bearing of mass 0.2 kg possesses

kinetic energy of 3.6 J. What is the
velocity, v of the ball bearing

3. Calculate the kinetic energy of an

electron of mass 9 × 10–31 kg and
velocity 4 × 106 m s–1.

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pbd
CONTENT STANDARD: 7.2 POTENTIAL ENERGY AND KINETIC ENERGY

1. Gravitational potential energy is the work done to lift an object to a height, h from the Earth’s surface.

Gravitational potential energy = Work done = Force (N) × Displacement (m) = mgh
.
Solve the numerical problem about the gravitational potential energy by using the formula above.
3/KBAT
PL3/KBAT

The photo on the right shows a lift in a shopping centre that carried a 500 kg load to a height of 20 m in
20 s. (g is estimated as 10 m s–2)
(a) What is the word done by the lift?

(b) What is the gravitational potential energy of the lift at the height of 20 m?

(c) Calculate the power of the lift.

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2. Elastic potential energy is the work done to compress or stretch a elastic material with displacement x
from the equilibrium position.

Solve the numerical problem about the elastic potential energy by using the formula above. TP3/KBAT
PL3/KBAT

The diagram on the right shows a compressed spring. The original length of the spring is 15 cm. The length of
the spring becomes 10 cm when a force of 20 N is applied.

(a) What is the compression distance, x of the spring?

(b) Calculate the elastic potential energy possessed by the compressed spring.

3. Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by a moving object

Solve the numerical problem about the kinetic energy by using the formula above.

PL3/KBAT

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(a) The photo on the right shows an aeroplane flying in the sky. The plane has a mass of 80 000 kg and flew
at a speed of 900 km h–1. Calculate the kinetic energy of the aeroplane.

(b) The photo on the right shows a bullet train moving at a velocity of 360 kmh–1. If the bullet train has a
mass of 600 000 kg, calculate the kinetic energy possessed by the train.

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NOTES

7.3 PRINCIPLE OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY

Principle of Conservation of Energy

1. The Principle of Conservation of Energy states that ____________________________________but can only

be ___________________from one form to another.
2. Oscillating systems such as the oscillation of a simple pendulum and the oscillation of a loaded spring
always experience _____________________ in the forms of energy between __________________________ or
_______________________________ and____________________________________.

Oscillating Systems Obey the Principle of Conservation of Energy

1. Complete the table below

Condition of Transformation in the forms of energy for the bob between gravitational
pendulum bob potential energy (gravitational P.E.) and kinetic energy (K.E.)
At position X Gravitational P.E =
K.E =
 Gravitational P.E of bob __________________
K.E of bob _______________________________
At position Y Gravitational P.E =
K.E =
 Gravitational P.E of bob ___________________
K.E of bob ________________________________
At position Z Gravitational P.E =
K.E =
 Gravitational P.E of bob ___________________
K.E of bob ________________________________
At position Y Gravitational P.E =
K.E =
 Gravitational P.E of bob ___________________
K.E of bob ________________________________
At position X Gravitational P.E =
K.E =

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2. Complete the table below

Condition of loaded Transformation in the forms of energy for the load between elastic
spring potential energy (elastic P.E.) and kinetic energy (K.E.
At position X Elastic P.E =
K.E =
 Elastic P.E __________________
K.E ________________________
At position Y Elastic P.E =
K.E =
 Elastic P.E ___________________
K.E __________________________
At position Z Elastic P.E =
K.E =
 Elastic P.E ___________________
K.E __________________________
At position Y Elastic P.E =
K.E =
 Elastic P.E ___________________
K.E ___________________________
At position X Elastic P.E =
K.E =

Transformation of Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy in a Closed System

In a __________________system, the _____________________________ between potential energy and kinetic

energy ___________ the Principle of Conservation of Energy. Therefore, the total potential energy and kinetic
energy in a closed oscillation system is ____________________.

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Example of numerical problem

Example Solution
1. Figure below shows a toy pistol. The length of the
spring in the toy pistol is 300 mm. If a force of 5 N is
used to compress the spring until its length becomes
50 mm, calculate the maximum speed of the plastic
ball of mass 50 g when it is fired from the pistol.
State an assumption that is made in solving this
problem.

2. The diagram below shows a body X of mass 5 kg

placed on a compressed spring. When the spring
is released, the body X is pushed up as high as 20
cm.

(a) How much elastic potential energy stored in

the compressed spring?
(b) What is the maximum kinetic energy of body
that is pushed up?

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pbd
CONTENT STANDARD: 7.3 PRINCIPLE OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY

1. Answer the questions below. PL1

Energy cannot be created or destroyed but can only change its form.

Based on the statement above, tick ( ✓ ) the principle.

( ) Hydraulic principle ( ) Principle of conservation of energy ( ) Bernouli’s principle

2. Read the statement below.

Swing systems such as the swing of simple pendulum and swing of spring are always undergone
transformation of energy whether gravitational or elastic potential energy and kinetic energy in
accordancewith the principle of conservation of energy.

Based on the statement above, write ‘GPE’ or ‘’KE’ for the transformation of the energy form for the
pendulum. PL2

Gravitational potential energy – GPE Kinetic energy – KE

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3. Write ‘EPE’ or ‘’KE’ for the transformation of the energy form for the swing of spring. Give explanations.
PL2
Elastic potential energy - EPE Kinetic energy – KE

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4. Solve this numerical problem related to the conservation of energy. PL3/KBAT

(a) A 10. kg ball is thrown into the air. It is going 3.0 m/s when thrown. How much potential energy will
it have at the top?

(b) A 4.00 kg ball is on a 5.00 m ledge. If it is pushed off the ledge, how much kinetic energy will it
have just before hitting the ground?

(c) A 25 kg ball is thrown into the air. When thrown it is going 10. m/s. Calculate how high it travels.

(d) A 3.0 kg rock sits on a 0.80 meter ledge. If it is pushed off, how fast will it be going at the bottom?

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