Module 2 Study Notebook

STUDY NOTEBOOK
LEARNING DELIVERY MODALITIES COURSE 2
MODULE 2:
MOST ESSENTIAL
LEARNING
COMPETENCIES
(MELCs)
MODULE OBJECTIVE:
By the end of this Module, you will be able to:

1. explain the background and development of the MELCs
2. unpack the MELCs
3. combine related competencies into learning objectives
MODULE CONTENT:
Lesson 1. Background, Rationale, and Development of MELCs

Lesson 2. Unpacking and Combining MELCs into Learning Objectives
LAC Session 2
ESTIMATED TIME REQUIRED
3 hours
RUBINA C. PONTILLAS
Teacher I
LESSON 1: BACKGROUND, RATIONALE, AND
DEVELOPMENT OF MELCS
ACTIVITY 1.
Answer the following reflective questions in your Study Notebook:
1. The closure of schools around the world due to the global pandemic posed serious
challenges on the delivery of quality basic education. As a teacher, what do you think
are the fundamental concerns in terms of curriculum standards that need to be
addressed in order to ensure learning continuity? Cite a specific example. Do you think
these concerns could be solved by teachers alone? Why or why not?
One of the major concerns that needs to be addressed is the proper

dissemination of content knowledge to the students. Although the DepEd
made a solution to this by formulating MELC’s, there are still some issues
need to be resolved like the medium of instruction. DepEd shows different
alternative delivery modes but to me, this would not work without the
cooperation of everyone.
2. Even prior to the spread of COVID-19 that eventually led to the closure of schools
nationwide, the congested curriculum has been a perennial problem of teachers
(Andaya, 2018). This is perceived to be one of the hindering factors on the poor
performance of Filipino learners. Do you agree with this observation? Why or why not?
I don’t think the curriculum is the problem. It is the implementation. The

curriculum had undergone different researches before was being
implemented. Maybe the reason is that, the curriculum is slightly ideal
ACTIVITY 2
Familiarize yourself with the course reading on the Development and Design of the MELCs. After
going through the document, provide a brief and concise response to the following guide
questions. Write your answers in your Study Notebook.
1. What are the general and specific purposes of the development of MELCs?
The general purpose of the MELC’s is to ensure quality, relevant and liberating
education by reviewing the competencies in K to 12 Curriculum. Before the
pandemic, there is already reviews done in the competencies and there are
plans to compress learning competencies. The specific purpose is to map the
essential and desirable learning competencies and to identify
2. How does curriculum review aid in the identification of essential learning competencies?
● Mapping of the essential and desirable learning competencies

within the curriculum;
● Identification of prerequisite knowledge and skills needed to

prepare students for essential learning competencies
● Analysis of the inter-connectedness of prerequisite knowledge and
skills among the learning competencies for each subject area.
3. What is the difference between essential learning competencies and desirable learning
competencies?
Essential learning competencies were defined as what the students need,

considered indispensable, in the teaching-learning process to build skills to
equip learners for subsequent grade levels and consequently, for lifelong
learning. On the other hand, desirable learning competencies were defined as
what may enhance education but may not be necessary in building
foundational skills.
4. How were the most essential learning competencies identified? What were the decisions
made in order to trim down the number of the essential learning competencies further?
5.
It started in identification of essential and desirable learning competencies. Then,

the essential learning competencies to most essential learning competencies. As
a rule, a learning competency is retained if it satisfies the endurance criterion
which greatly contributes to life-long learning and is a prerequisite skill to the next
grade level. Two or more learning competencies are merged or clustered if they
have the same objective or learning intention and can therefore be combined into
one comprehensive learning competency. However, learning competencies are
removed/dropped due to the following reasons:
5. What is the importance of the MELCs in ensuring the delivery of quality instruction?
The creation of Most Essential Learning Competencies is a long but

comprehensive process. It underwent series of processes to make sure
that learners will be given quality education.
ACTIVITY 3
Prepare a copy of your learning area’s original K-12 Curriculum Guide and corresponding list of
MELCs. Go to the sections of the curriculum guide and MELCs that are relevant to your
instructional needs. Copy and accomplish the following table in your Study Notebook and
compare the two documents to determine which learning competencies were retained, dropped,
or merged.
K TO 12 LEARNING MELCS
COMPETENCIES
MERGED/CLUSTERE Distinguish how spore- Discuss the interaction
D among living-things and
bearing and cone-bearing non-living things in tropical
rainforest, coral reefs and
plant reproduces. mangrove swamps.
Discuss the interaction

among living things and non-
living things in tropical rain
forest, coral reefs and
mangrove swamps.
RETAINED Describe theappearance and Describe the appearance
uses uniform and-uniform and uses uniform and non-
mixture.. uniform mixture.
DROPPED Tell the benefits of separating N/A
mixtures from products in
community.
ACTIVITY 4
In your LAC Session, discuss and share your answers to Activities 1-3 in this lesson. Discuss any
questions about the MELCs that need clarification as well. Share your thoughts and let your co-
teachers articulate their insights regarding your questions. Jot down all the insights shared in the
discussion, including your own, in your Study Notebook.
 MELC’s are a long-term response to the call of SDG4. It is already been

planned even before the COVID-19 pandemic.
 There is a big difference between online learning and digital modular
distance learning.
 Strong internet connection is a big problem in online learning.
 MELC’s are comprehensively compresses
LESSON 2: UNPACKING AND COMBINING MELCS INTO
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
ACTIVITY 1
Familiarize yourself with the course reading on Unpacking and Combining the MELCs. After
reading the document, provide a brief and concise response to the following guide questions in
your Study Notebook:
1. What is the importance of unpacking and combining the MELCs?
In order to systematize learning activities and

effectively address the varying needs of learners and
the challenges of instructional deliveries. It is also
essential to prevent redundancy that are visible to
repetition of the lesson which does not show spiral
progression.
2. What considerations must be taken in unpacking and combining the MELCs? Explain
each.
Prerequisite knowledge and skills must be taken
consideration. It is worth noting that the identified MELCS
cater to higher order cognitive demands. As such, lower
cognitive demands may be considered first in creating
learning objectives. This ensures that prerequisite
knowledge and skills that would enable the achievements of
MELCS and eventually the content and performance
standards are address.
Logical sequence of learning objectives – since the intention
of unpacking the MELCS is to provide systematic learning
experiences for learners. It is incumbent that the unpacked
learning objectives follow a logical sequence.
3. Do all the MELCs need to be unpacked or combined? Why or why not?
Yes, in order for the department to focus and prioritize

those that are essentials and can be used in the
learner’s daily lives.
ACTIVITY 2
1. Form a group of four members within your LAC, preferably with fellow teachers in your
respective learning area.
2. Using the curriculum guide and a list of the MELCs, choose MELCs in the first quarter and
unpack these into learning objectives.
3. Each team will present their unpacked learning objectives. Discussion and processing
will follow each presentation. Suggestions and insights from each group will be
considered in enhancing the learning objectives.
Repeat the above process but instead of unpacking, each team will now combine at least two
MELCs of their choice. Group deliberation will be observed in order to arrive at a consensus.
Discuss and jot down the synthesis of the presentations in your Study Notebook.
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING LEARNING OBJECTIVES

COMPETENCIES (MELC)
 Identify accurately the duration of notes

and rests in 2 time signature
Identifies accurately the 4
duration of notes and
 Identify accurately the duration of notes
rests in 2, 3, 4 and rests in 3 time signature
4 4 4
Time signatures 4
(MU5RH-Ic-e-3)  Identify accurately the duration of notes
and rests in 4 time signature
4

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STUDY NOTEBOOK

LEARNING DELIVERY MODALITIES COURSE 2

By the end of this Module, you will be able to:

Lesson 1. Background, Rationale, and Development of MELCs

ESTIMATED TIME REQUIRED

Answer the following reflective questions in your Study Notebook:

One of the major concerns that needs to be addressed is the proper

I don’t think the curriculum is the problem. It is the implementation. The

● Mapping of the essential and desirable learning competencies

● Identification of prerequisite knowledge and skills needed to

● Analysis of the inter-connectedness of prerequisite knowledge and

skills among the learning competencies for each subject area.

Essential learning competencies were defined as what the students need,

It started in identification of essential and desirable learning competencies. Then,

The creation of Most Essential Learning Competencies is a long but

Discuss the interaction

 MELC’s are a long-term response to the call of SDG4. It is already been

1. What is the importance of unpacking and combining the MELCs?

In order to systematize learning activities and

3. Do all the MELCs need to be unpacked or combined? Why or why not?

Yes, in order for the department to focus and prioritize

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING LEARNING OBJECTIVES

 Identify accurately the duration of notes

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