LEARNING DELIVERY

MODALITIES COURSE 2

MODULE 2:
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCIES
(MELCs)
MODULE OBJECTIVES:

By the end of this Module, you will be able to:

1. explain the background and development of the MELCs
2. unpack the MELCs
3. combine related competencies into learning objectives

MODULE CONTENT:

Lesson 1. Background, Rationale, and Development of MELCs

Lesson 2. Unpacking and Combining MELCs into Learning Objectives
LAC Session 2

LESSON 1: BACKGROUND, RATIONALE, AND DEVELOPMENT OF MELCS

ACTIVITY 1.
Answer the following reflective questions in your Study Notebook:

1. The closure of schools around the world due to the global pandemic posed serious challenges on the
delivery of quality basic education. As a teacher, what do you think are the fundamental concerns in
terms of curriculum standards that need to be addressed in order to ensure learning continuity? Cite
a specific example. Do you think these concerns could be solved by teachers alone? Why or why
not?

With this global pandemic we have today, this make education for children more difficult to
achieve. This also brings a challenge to the Department of Education to conduct education in this
new normal situation. The crisis brought about by the COVID-19 has posted a lot of challenges for
the Department of Education especially to the teachers who are standing in the front line to
provide the continuity in education. As a teacher, I believe that the best way to address the
problem is to adapt this new normal learning by shifting to distance or modular learning. This
concerns are not for teachers alone but also with the collaboration of all the DepEd forces teaching
and non-teaching staff and of course through parents’ learners and stake holders support. Given
the shortage of resources, schools, teachers, and the community itself are finding means to bridge
the gap.

2. Even prior to the spread of COVID-19 that eventually led to the closure of schools nationwide, the
congested curriculum has been a perennial problem of teachers (Andaya, 2018). This is perceived to
be one of the hindering factors on the poor performance of Filipino learners. Do you agree with this
observation? Why or why not?

I totally agree to this, in the department of education several curriculums had been laid and
adapt for the purpose of achieving higher standard education and can produce a globally
competitive learner. The purpose of the curriculum is solely to achieve a higher standard of
education and to produce competitive learners. But due to its congested nature, students cannot
cope up with it, teachers find it hard and time consuming to teach all these competencies which
seem to be repetitive and redundant resulting to poor performance of the learners as well as the
teachers.

ACTIVITY 2
Familiarize yourself with the course reading on the Development and Design of the MELCs. After going
through the document, provide a brief and concise response to the following guide questions. Write your
answers in your Study Notebook.

1. What are the general and specific purposes of the development of MELCs?
The Department of Education’s Bureau of Curriculum Development developed MELCs to
cope with the drastic change in the educational atmosphere due to Covid 19 pandemic. The focus
 of instruction was streamlined to the most essential or the most indispensable learning
competencies. The MELC is developed to allow students to study based on their abilities to learn
skills or competencies at their own pace. This method is tailored to meet different learning levels
that can lead to efficient learning outcomes through alternative learning delivery modalities.

2. How does curriculum review aid in the identification of essential learning competencies?
Curriculum review mapped the essential and desirable learning competencies within the
curriculum. It also led to the identification of gaps, issues, and concerns within and across learning
areas and grade levels. It helped in the identification of areas for improvement that would enhance
the learning engagement, experience, and outcomes and consequently recommend solutions. In
addition, it analyses the interconnectedness of prerequisite knowledge and skills among the
learning competencies for each subject area.

3. What is the difference between essential learning competencies and desirable learning
competencies?
Essential learning competencies are defined as what the students need, considered
indispensable, in the teaching-learning process to building skills to equip learners for subsequent
grade levels and subsequently, for lifelong learning. On the other hand, desirable learning
competencies were defined as what may enhance education but may not necessary in building
foundational skills.

4. How were the most essential learning competencies identified? What were the decisions made in
order to trim down the number of the essential learning competencies further?
The MELCs were identified according to the gaps, issues and concerns across learning areas
and grade levels. The decisions were made due to the limited number of school days and the
absence of face-to-face instructions at this time of pandemic. Hence, narrowing down the learning
competencies is the best option the DepEd has come up with.
5. What is the importance of the MELCs in ensuring the delivery of quality instruction?
The MELCs are made aligned with the national/local standards, applicable to real-life and are
the most essential competencies that students are expected to learn despite this pandemic. The
Department of Education has made sure that with limited resources, time, and the absence of face-
to-face instructions, learners would still get the necessary competencies the need to acquire
through these MELCs. The MELCs ensures delivery of quality instruction as it becomes the
primary reference in determining and implementing learning delivery approaches that are suited
to the local context and diversity of learners while adapting to the challenges posed by COVID-19.
ACTIVITY 3
 Prepare a copy of your learning area’s original K-12 Curriculum Guide and corresponding list of
MELCs. Go to the sections of the curriculum guide and MELCs that are relevant to your instructional
needs. Copy and accomplish the following table in your Study Notebook and compare the two documents to
determine which learning competencies were retained, dropped, or merged.

Name: NOREEN N. ESPARTERO

Position: TEACHER-1
Date: OCTOBER 6, 2020
K TO 12 LEARNING
MELCS
COMPETENCIES
 Naisakilos ang sariling  Naisakilos ang sariling
kakayahan sa ibat ibang kakayahan sa ibat ibang
pamamaraan : pamamaraan :
MERGED/CLUSTER
 pag- aw it  pag- aw it
ED
 pagguhit  pagguhit
 pagkanta  pagkanta
 pakikipagtalastasan  pakikipagtalastasan
 Napahalagahan ang saya o  Napahalagahan ang saya o
tuwang dulot ng pagbabahagi tuwang dulot ng pagbabahagi
RETAINED
ng anumang kakayahan o ng anumang kakayahan o
talent. talent.
N/A
DROPPED
N/A

ACTIVITY 4
In your LAC Session, discuss and share your answers to Activities 1-3 in this lesson. Discuss any questions
about the MELCs that need clarification as well. Share your thoughts and let your co-teachers articulate
their insights regarding your questions. Jot down all the insights shared in the discussion, including your
own, in your Study Notebook.

LESSON 2: UNPACKING AND COMBINING MELCS INTO LEARNING

OBJECTIVES
ACTIVITY 1
Familiarize yourself with the course reading on Unpacking and Combining the MELCs. After reading the
document, provide a brief and concise response to the following guide questions in your Study Notebook:

1. What is the importance of unpacking and combining the MELCs?

By unpacking and combining the MELCs, we now have a clear path forward. This gives up a
deeper understanding on how these MELCs are selected. It will be much helpful for us to plan on
how are we going to implement our LCP more efficiently. In addition, unpacking MELCs help us
to systematize learning activities and effectively address the varying needs of learners and the
challenge of instructional deliveries.

2. What considerations must be taken in unpacking and combining the MELCs? Explain each.
The Most Essential Learning Competencies should be aligned to the content and performance
standards of the all the learning areas. Should be based on the learning needs of the learners. We
must consider the alignment on the content and performance standards and we must consider this
to achieve a quality teaching output. Another thing is we must consider the prerequisite knowledge
 and skills, mastering fundamental knowledge is a must before going to the other level of learning.
Logical sequence of learning objective should also be considered in unpacking MELCs. Planning
what are the most important objective is key frame in achieving better understanding of our
learners.

3. Do all the MELCs need to be unpacked or combined? Why or why not?

Of course, unpacking the MELCs are essential in order to have a systematic learning activity
so that the competencies needed by the learners are not congested or repetitive.

ACTIVITY 2
1. Form a group of four members within your LAC, preferably with fellow teachers in your respective
learning area.
2. Using the curriculum guide and a list of the MELCs, choose MELCs in the first quarter and unpack
these into learning objectives.
3. Each team will present their unpacked learning objectives. Discussion and processing will follow
each presentation. Suggestions and insights from each group will be considered in enhancing the
learning objectives.

Repeat the above process but instead of unpacking, each team will now combine at least two MELCs of
their choice. Group deliberation will be observed in order to arrive at a consensus. Discuss and jot down
the synthesis of the presentations in your Study Notebook.

Combining MELCS Sample

Kwarter Content Standard Performance Standard MELCs
Ang bata ay Ang bata ay 1. nakikilala ang sarili
nagkakaroon ng nakapagpapamalas ng a) Pangalan at apelyido
1 pag-unawa sa kakayahang kontrolin b) Kasarian
sariling ugali at ang sariling damdamin c) Gulang/kapanganakan
damdamin. at pag-uugali, gumawa d) Gusto/di-gusto
ng desisyon at e) Use the proper expression in
magtagumpay sa introducing e.eg., I am/My
kanyang mga Gawain. name is _________

Unpacking MELCS Sample

Sample MELCs Learning Objectives
SEKPSE-If-3  Natutukoy ang mga sariling
Nasasabi ang mga sariling pangangailangan pangangailangan.
nang walang pag-aalinlangan  Napapahalagahan ang mga sariling
pangangailangan.
 Naipapahayag ang mga sariling
pangangailangan ng walng pag-
aalinlangan.