Enns-Class: Schiffswerft Linz

The Yugoslav monitor Drava was a river monitor operated by the Royal Yugoslav Navy between
1921 and 1941. She was originally built for the Austro-Hungarian Navy as the name ship of
the Enns-class river monitors. As SMS Enns, she was part of the Danube Flotilla during World War
I, and fought against the Serbian and Romanian armies from Belgrade to the lower Danube. In
October 1915, she was covering an amphibious assault on Belgrade when she was holed below the
waterline by a direct hit, and had to be towed to Budapest for repairs. After brief service with
the Hungarian People's Republic at the end of the war, she was transferred to the newly
created Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later Yugoslavia), and renamed Drava. She
remained in service throughout the interwar period, but was not always in full commission due to
budget restrictions.
During the German-led Axis invasion of Yugoslavia in April 1941, Drava spent six days shelling
airfields near Mohács in Hungary and fought off a small flotilla of Hungarian gunboats. On 12 April,
she was attacked by Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive bombers of the Luftwaffe. The anti-aircraft gunners
on the ship claimed three enemy aircraft, but nine of the Stukas scored hits. Most of these had little
effect, but the last bomb dropped straight down Drava's funnel and exploded in her engine room,
killing 54 of the crew, including her captain, Aleksandar Berić. Only 13 of the crew survived. She was
raised and scrapped by Hungary during their occupation of parts of Yugoslavia. Berić was
posthumously awarded the Order of Karađorđe's Star for his sacrifice, and the base of the Serbian
River Flotilla at Novi Sad is named after him.
SMS Enns was constructed for the Austro-Hungarian Navy as the name ship of the Enns-class river
monitors by Schiffswerft Linz and Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino (STT). She was laid down by
Schiffswerft Linz at Linz on 21 November 1913,[1] as part of the Austro-Hungarian 1912 Naval
Program.[2] She was named after the River Enns, a tributary of the Danube. When World War I broke
out in July 1914, construction of Enns was well advanced, but after Schiffswerft Linz was taken over
by STT, her machinery was ordered from the STT works near Trieste. On 2 August, the machinery
was dispatched by train to Linz and installation began without delay.[1] She was launched in
September 1914, and completed on 17 October of that year.[3] Despite the requirement
that Enns and SMS Inn be constructed as sister ships, and the fact that their size and armament
were identical, there were significant design differences between the two vessels, as they were
constructed by completely independent shipbuilding companies. Enns had an overall length of
60.2 m (197 ft 6 in),[a] a beam of 10.3 m (33 ft 10 in), and a normal draught of 1.3 m (4 ft 3 in).
Her standard displacement was 536 tonnes (528 long tons), and her crew consisted of 95 officers
and enlisted men.[5] She had two triple-expansion steam engines, each driving a single propeller
shaft. Steam for the engines was provided by two Yarrow water-tube boilers,[1] and her engines were
rated at 1,500 indicated horsepower (1,100 kW), with a maximum of 1,700 ihp (1,300 kW). She was
designed to reach a top speed of 13 knots (24 km/h; 15 mph),[4] and carried 70 tonnes (69 long tons)
of fuel oil.[2]
Enns was armed with one twin gun turret of 120 mm (4.7 in)L/45[b] guns mounted forward, and three
single 120 mm (4.7 in) L/10 howitzer turrets mounted on the aft deck. On the upper deck there were
two single 66 mm (2.6 in) L/50 anti-aircraft guns, one on the port side forward of the funnel, and one
on the starboard side to the rear of the funnel. She was also equipped with six 8 mm (0.31 in)
machine guns.[6] The maximum range of her Škoda 120 mm (4.7 in) L/45 guns was 15 km (9.3 mi),
and her howitzers could fire their 20 kg (44 lb) shells a maximum of 6.2 kilometres (3.9 mi).[7] Her
armour consisted of belt and bulkheads 40 mm (1.6 in) thick and deck armour 25 mm (0.98 in) thick,
and her conning tower and gun turrets were 50 mm (2.0 in) thick.[3]
The original plans called for open anti-aircraft mounts, but the experience of the existing monitors in
the first battles on the Danube against Serbia demonstrated that the mounts needed protection from
small arms fire, so armoured barbettes were added. These modifications prevented the crew in the
conning tower from viewing directly aft of the ship, so a 1.3 m (4 ft 3 in) high rectangular platform
was placed on top of the conning tower that afforded a view aft. To avoid any increase in her draught
from these modifications, her hull was lengthened. Due to the urgent need for the ship to be put into
service, the planned telescopic mast was not installed, and an alternative mast was constructed
using angle iron lattice.[1] Enns was launched on 29 July 1914 and commissioned on 17 October
1914.[1]

Enns-Class: Schiffswerft Linz

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The Yugoslav monitor Drava was a river monitor operated by the Royal Yugoslav Navy between

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