Literature Review on Nutritional Needs

Tater Toddlers: Nutrition Program

● Body and Brain growth

● Focus on whole food groups : vegetables, fruits,

grain, low fat dairy, protein2

for Healthy Tots ● Encourage new foods

○ 1 in every 3-5 days1

Common Problems:
Megan Ng, Kourtney Cordes, Annabel Lin, and Linda Liu
● Iron deficiency
● Failure to Thrive
● Calcium deficiency
● High added sugar intake, High sodium intake
● Childhood Obesity

Literature Review on Nutritional Needs Nutritional Programs in the Area

Essential Nutrients4 ● Champaign Urbana Public Health District: Women, Infant, and Children
(WIC)7
● Calories: EER (89 x child’s wt (kg) – 100) + 20 kcal
-> Healthy food Packages, grocery food vouchers
● Carbohydrate: 45-65%
● Protein: 10-35% ● Champaign County Regional Planning Commission: Early Head Start
● Fat: 20-35% Program8

● Fiber: 19 g -> Classroom settings, nutritious, unprocessed foods made in kitchen

● Vitamin D: 600 IU
● Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program9
● Calcium: 700 mg
● Iron: 7 mg -> SNAP benefits, food security
 Summary and Goals of this Program Week 1: Selecting Foods for Toddlers 7: 00pm: Introduction to toddler appropriate foods that are beneficial to
their health
● Activity #1: Interactive grocery shopping activity

Our goal is to provide an all-inclusive and comprehensive 4 week program that covers important Learn Objectives: 7:15 pm: Serving sizes and portions for toddlers explained

topics regarding toddler nutrition. This program will educate and encourage parents to make 1. Be able to list what foods are appropriate for toddlers ● Activity #2: Interactive serving size matching activity

better choices for and with their children via synchronous online seminars, detailed worksheets 2. Recognize food that are rich vitamins and minerals that are toddlers
are typically deficient in
7:30 pm: Guest Speaker appearance by Jill Castle MS, RDN who is a
pediatric dietitian and child nutritionist
and handouts, and demonstrations. We hope to provide parents with the guidance and resources 3. Identify appropriate serving sizes and portions for 1- 3 year olds
7:45 pm: Q and A session to follow her talk on necessary vitamin and
needed to build a healthy foundation for their toddlers lifelong nutritional success! minerals for toddlers and food that are rich in them
Description:
As a parent it can be difficult knowing what foods are best for your toddler and 8 pm: End of session
in what amount. In this session, parents will learn what foods that are high in
nutrients that toddlers tend to lack. An interactive grocery shopping activity will
take place where parents will have to pick out five toddler-appropriate foods.
They will also play a serving size matching game in which they will be shown an
everyday item (like a golf ball) and have to match the food that should be served
in that serving size. A presentation by Jill Castle MS, RDN child nutritionist and
pediatric dietitian on necessary vitamins and minerals for toddlers will also take
place. The night will end with a question and answer session with Jill Castle.

Week 2: Healthy Eating Attitudes 7:00 pm: Welcome introduction and icebreakers Week 3: Food Safety 7:00 pm: Welcome introduction and icebreakers

7:10 pm: Lesson 7:10 pm: Lesson

● Introduction to toddler eating behaviors Learning Objectives: ● Four steps: Clean, Separate, Cook, Chill. Use of thermometer.
Learning Objectives: ● Deep dive into picky eaters ● Finger foods to cut up (choking), and well cooked (foodborne illness)
● Parent’s role in mealtimes and toddler eating habits 1. Parents will list steps to safely handle and prepare food items. ● Foods and their storage-life in the fridge
1. Parents will be able to understand the “Help” and “Hinder” methods when
encouraging their toddlers to develop healthy eating attitudes. Parents will be 7:30 pm: Activity #1: Interactive demonstration of healthy meal time 2. Parents will be able to list risks in foods and how to avoid them
7:30 pm: Activity #1: Interactive ppt of food items (good or not food for
able to list two “Help” methods and two “Hinder” methods. modeling toddlers
3. Be able to label and refrigerate food items
2. Parents will be able to grasp a better understanding of picky eaters and 7:40 pm: Activity #2: “Help” and “Hinder” methods for creating a 7:40 pm: Activity #2: Interactive demonstration showing the 4 steps
feeding developmental milestones in toddlers. Parents will be able to list two healthy eating environment activity. Print at home table talkers activity
reasons why a child may be picky with their food. introduced.²² Description: 7:50 pm: Questions and Answers
Food safety is critical to toddlers because their immune systems are not
Description: 7:50 pm: Discussion and questions 8 pm: End of session
fully developed. The body is not strong enough to fight against infection or
Many parents have had experience dealing with picky eaters, or atleast a phase where pathogen. It makes them at high risk of foodborne illness.111 Symptoms may
8 pm: End of session
their toddler is super picky about their meals. This session will provide some insight be severe, including kidney failure, vomiting, fatigue, and death. Toddlers are
on toddler’s tummies and the physiological changes that affect appetite during this also at risk of choking, their teeth are just starting to grow, and they may not
age. Furthermore, this session will provide the tools and tips needed to broaden your be able to handle firm foods, slippery foods, and sticky food. This week the
toddler’s food horizons and create a healthy and enjoyable meal experience at home. parents are going to learn ways to reduce these risks.
Week 4: Physical activity 7:00 pm: Introduction/welcome Educational Materials: Week 1
7:10 pm: Introduction to physical activity and why it is important, how physical
activity can benefit toddlers
Learning objectives:
7:25 pm: Tips for parents to encourage toddlers.
1. Parents will be able to understand the importance of physical
● Activity #1: parents sharing their own ways of encouraging their kids to
activity and how physical activity can benefit toddlers
do physical activity
2. Parents will learn how to promote physical activity to their
children 7:40 pm: List of activities toddlers can do indoor and outdoor,
● Activity#2: Parents sharing concerns they have about physical activity
3. List of outdoor and indoor activities toddlers can do
7:50 pm: Questions and answer

Description: 8 pm: End of session

Parents may ignore the importance of physical activity for toddlers or
having a hard time to get toddlers to do physical activities. This
session will be pointing out the importance of physical activity and
how it benefit toddlers. At the same time, we will be providing tips for
parents to promote physical activity to their children. Lastly, we will
provide a list of activities parents can do with their children both
indoor and outdoor.

Educational Materials: Week 2 ¹⁹, ²⁰, ²¹

Educational Materials

Week 3: Food Safety14 Week 4: Physical Activity

Marketing and Social Media Plan
● We will market our program at daycares, preschools, public libraries, pediatrician offices, and community and park district centers.

● Our program will be offered online as a synchronous program through Zoom

○ 4 weeks, every Friday from 7 pm to 8pm.

○ Open to 25 to 50 participants

● We will be advertising on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, and bulletin boards.

● Targeting parents and caregivers

● Handouts and activities will be contained in a folder and sent out via email

● We aim to educate and guide parents and caregivers to set a solid foundation of healthy eating practices to contribute to the lifelong nutritional habits
and overall health of their toddlers. We want parents to be able to identify the characteristic feeding milestones that occur during toddlerhood and how
to safely navigate and nourish their child while overcoming issues of picky eating or food refusal.

Program Implementation and Future Directions

We plan to work with the UIUC child development lab to help implement this program

● Help provide funding

● Technical resources
● Other Education Materials

Future Directions:

● Two times a year: Spring and Fall session

● Move to in-person
● More guest speakers
● Work with the county health departments of Champaign and Urbana
 References
1.. When, What, and How to Introduce Solid Foods. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
https://www.cdc.gov/nutrition/infantandtoddlernutrition/foods-and-drinks/when-to-introduce-solid-foods.html. Published 2020. Accessed
April 23, 2021.

Thank You!
2. Healthy Eating for Toddlers | MyPlate. Myplate.gov. https://www.myplate.gov/tip-sheet/healthy-eating-toddlers. Published 2021. Accessed
April 25, 2021.

3. Milk: Health benefits, nutrition, and risks. Medicalnewstoday.com. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/296564#health_benefits.

Published 2021. Accessed April 25, 2021. (picture)

4. Feeding Your 1- to 2-Year-Old (for Parents) - Nemours KidsHealth. Kidshealth.org.

https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/feed12yr.html?WT.ac=ctg#catfeeding. Published 2018. Accessed April 26, 2021.

5. Toddler Nutrition: MedlinePlus. Medlineplus.gov. https://medlineplus.gov/toddlernutrition.html. Published 2021. Accessed April 26, 2021.

6. Intro to Nutrition #2: Macronutrients vs Micronutrients. Youtube.com. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ErfqMmXu8Gk. Published 2020.

Accessed April 26, 2021.

References References

7. Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) - CUPHD. C-uphd.org. https://www.c-uphd.org/wic.html. Published 2021. Accessed April 26, 2021. 14. People at Risk: Children Under Five. FoodSafety.gov. https://www.foodsafety.gov/people-at-risk/children-under-five. Published 2019. Accessed April 27,
2021
8. Health and Nutrition – Champaign County Regional Planning Commission. Ccrpc.org. Kids Need Their Nutrients. Stanfordchildrens.org. https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=kids-need-their-nutrients--1-19820. Published
https://ccrpc.org/programs/headstart/services/health-and-nutrition/. Published 2021. Accessed April 25, 2021. 2021. Accessed April 26, 2021.

9. SNAP Benefits Available for Some Illinois College Students. News.wsiu.org. 15. Ziebell B. Foodshare.net. https://foodshare.net/custom/uploads/2016/03/Toddler-Handout-FINAL.pdf. Published 2021. Accessed April 23, 2021.
https://news.wsiu.org/post/snap-benefits-available-some-illinois-college-students#stream/0. Published 2018. Accessed April 26, 2021.
16. Best Practices for Physical Activity. Nemours.org.
10. What is SNAP? | Feeding America. Feedingamerica.org.
https://d3knp61p33sjvn.cloudfront.net/media-resources/ECELC/C2P2/LS3/ECE_Program_Participants/English_PhysicalActivityGuide_FINAL.pdf Accessed
https://www.feedingamerica.org/take-action/advocate/federal-hunger-relief-programs/snap. Published 2021. Accessed April 25, 2021.
April 26, 2021.
11. Four Simple Steps to Food Safety. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/keep-food-safe.html.
Published 2020. Accessed April 20, 2021. 17. Making Physical Activity a Part of a Child’s Life. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/basics/adding-pa/activities-children.html . Accessed April 26,
2021.
12. Food Safety Tips for Infants and Toddlers. Eatright.org.
https://www.eatright.org/homefoodsafety/safety-tips/food-poisoning/food-safety-tips-for-young-children. Published 2019. Accessed April 18. Physical Activity for babies and children: why and how much. Raisingchildern.net.au.
20, 2021. https://raisingchildren.net.au/toddlers/nutrition-fitness/physical-activity/physical-activity-how-much#physical-activity-why-its-good-for-children-nav-ti
tle. Accessed April 26, 2021.
13. Fitness and yours 2-3 Year-Old. Kids Health from Nemours. Date reviewed: Mat 2019. Accessed April 26, 2021.
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/fitness-2-3.html.
References
19. Satter E. Raise a healthy child who is a joy to feed. Ellyn Satter Institute.
https://www.ellynsatterinstitute.org/how-to-feed/the-division-of-responsibility-in-feeding/. Published 2019. Accessed April 28, 2021.

20. Nutrition - Toddler. HealthyChildren.org. https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/toddler/nutrition/Pages/default.aspx.

Accessed April 28, 2021.

21. Nutrition Education for Preschoolers. USDA National Agricultural Library. https://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/nutrition-education-preschoolers.
Accessed April 28, 2021.

22. Table Talkers. Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources UNL Food.
https://food.unl.edu/free-resources/newsletters/food-fun-young-children/table-talkers. Accessed April 28, 2021.