A. Social Organization A. Title of The Study: B. Methodology Employed in The Study

A.
SOCIAL ORGANIZATION
a. Title of the study:

The Effects of Social Organizations on Economic Performance - A Panel Study on China
b. Methodology employed in the study:
To capture the effect of development of social organization on economic
performance, the researcher utilized a OLS estimation to exploit the panel data
collected in the provincial level in China. Specifically, Fixed Effect Model was utilized to
control the time invariant differences cross sections. Also, with respect to the measure
of the development of social organizations, number of Social Group was chosen
instead of number of general Social Organization was used to improve the robustness
of the results.
In addition, the researcher used a census data for provincial number of the
Social Group from 2002 to 2013 from China Social Organization Administration
Bureau. The rest of the data for contributing variable of GDP are collected from China
Statistic Yearbook and National Bureau of Statistics of China.
c. Key findings of the study, Conclusion, and Recommendation

For the key findings, the panel model revealed the positive effect of social group
on provincial economic performance in China. Also, the effectiveness of social group is
different from four groups of provinces according to their level of development.
Nevertheless, this study has confirmed the arguments in Social Capital theory that the
effectiveness of social organization is highly contextual. To conclude, out of the three
hypotheses, only the first hypothesis, that the development of social organization has
positively contribution to economic performance, has been substantially supported by
the result. However, there is no significant evidence exhibiting that social organization
may influence the future economic performance.
For further researches who are interested in exploring the relationship between
economic performance and social organization, special attention should be paid to the
simultaneity problem. The causality direction could also be examined. Also, a more
comprehensive measure of civic society could be explored, such as the density of social
organizations. Nonetheless, following this study, future study could investigate the
determinants of the developing social organizations. Do demographic variables like
population structure increase the number of social organizations, or does urbanization
increase the number of social organization? These questions could be done through a
panel model analysis. Last, since China model is not so common, the findings could be
further confirmed in other less-democratic countries such as Russia.
d. Citation using APA format

Cao, R. (2017). The Effects of Social Organizations on Economic Performance - A Panel
Study on China. Department of Economics. Retrieved from:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/8902033
e. Answer: How does this research study relate to the areas of concern of sociology?
Economic sociology analyzes economic phenomena such as markets, corporations, property
rights, and work using the tools of sociology. It shares economic theory's attention to the role
of interests and rationality, but also emphasizes the importance of social relations and social
institutions.
B. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
a. Title of the study:

EFFECTS OF THINKING STYLES AND GENDER ON PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING
b. Methodology employed in the study:

A total of 372 (213 females and 159 males) students at Middle East Technical
University participated in this study. The qualitative data were gathered via self-report
questionnaires including Scales of Psychological Well-Being, Thinking Styles Inventory
and a demographic information form. To be able to determine the differences between
psychological well-being due to global thinking and local thinking scores as well as
gender, ANOVA was held.
c. Key findings of the study, Conclusion, and Recommendation

The results revealed a significant difference between high and low scorers of
local thinking in terms of psychological well-being when the global thinking style was
low. In addition, the findings indicated that for higher levels of psychological well-
being individuals need to adopt one of the styles and report higher levels on that
adopted style. On the other hand, the statistical analysis revealed no significant
differences between high scorers of global thinking and low scorers of global thinking
on psychological well-being. Additionally, no significant difference found between high
scorers and low scorers of local thinking in terms of psychological well-being. Upon the
examination of gender related findings, it was found that females reported higher
levels of psychological well-being compared to males while males reported higher
levels of global thinking than females did.
To conclude, for university counselors, the thinking level of individuals does not
need to be an issue to be worked on for psychological well-being. Still, defining the
thinking level of an individual could help counselors to picture the portrait of the
individual, to select a pathway and to adapt the counseling process to the style of
individual. When the counseling process matches with one’s style, the individual will
feel more comfortable and to build rapport will be easier for the counselor.
For further research, special exercises which will be used to transform thinking
styles in counseling processes can be developed. For gender differences, the factors
generating the difference between females and males can be studied and according to
the factors found, counseling applications, programs and exercises can be developed.
In addition, including all thinking styles with a more diverse sample, including
university students from other universities, will point out an effective profile of styles
which apply to population of Turkish university students. Also, considering the
adaptable characteristic of the styles, thinking styles can be studied for specific life
events to find out the more preferable and adaptable styles for each event. As the
more effective styles for a life event is specified, psychological counselors can work on
changing the less effective style to a more effective one. In addition, it can be
hypothesized that individuals need to experience and observe different situations and
how different styles affect the resolution of that situation. Studying thinking styles
with younger participants will introduce whether a need for help to simplify learning
the more effective style process is required. In addition, a longitudinal study can be
performed to examine the development and change of thinking styles of individuals
over time.
d. Citation using APA format

Gürel, N. A. (2009). Effects of thinking styles and gender on psychological well-
being [M.S. - Master of Science]. Middle East Technical University. Retrieved from:
http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611092/index.pdf

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a. Title of the study:

c. Key findings of the study, Conclusion, and Recommendation

d. Citation using APA format

a. Title of the study:

b. Methodology employed in the study:

c. Key findings of the study, Conclusion, and Recommendation

d. Citation using APA format

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