Basics of Electric Vehicles: Advantages, Challenges, and Classifications
Basics of Electric Vehicles: Advantages, Challenges, and Classifications
Basics of Electric Vehicles: Advantages, Challenges, and Classifications
GetElectricVehicle.com
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Basics of Electric Vehicles: Advantages,
Challenges, and Classifications
Electric Vehicles are those vehicles which use one or more electric motors
for propulsion. They are highly important in the present automotive
industry.
The first electric vehicle that I saw was a remote-controlled toy car. :-)
Electric vehicles can be toy cars, trains, trolleybus, car, scooter, truck, bus,
and even aircraft these days!
People will go for an electric and hybrid electric vehicle if they are far better
than IC engine vehicles. Comparison of conventional and electric vehicles is
necessary to find which one is the best.
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Advantages of Electric Vehicle
Why should people use the electric vehicle? Why would one go for an electric
or hybrid electric vehicle when conventional internal combustion (IC) engine
vehicles are popular and available?
Following are a few advantages of EVs that might convince you why one must
go for an electric vehicle. :-)
You may also like: Why you should not buy an electric vehicle!
They are eco-friendly in terms of air pollution. Are Electric Cars really good
for the environment? Adverse effects of environmental pollution make
vehicle manufacturers think about electric vehicle production. Governments
also started taking measures to reduce the carbon footprint.
World’s most populated cities suffer from air pollution. As a result, diesel
engine vehicles have been banned in several cities. Emission-free electric
vehicles are highly important here.
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#2 EVs cause no noise pollution
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It's estimated that an electric car has less than 25 (Chevrolet Bolt) moving
parts while an IC engine vehicle has more than 10000.
Other components such as oil, engine cooling system, exhaust system, etc.
are absent in an electric vehicle.
So the running cost of an electric vehicle will further decrease in the future.
Are Electric Cars really economical?
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The popularity of electric vehicle would depend on how the manufacturers
get over following drawbacks.
More charging stations should have to install all over the area where the
vehicles are expected to be used. This process takes time. As the electric
vehicles increase the number of charging stations also increase.
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The average distance that could be traveled by a fully charged battery electric
vehicle is around a few 100 km. For long distance transit, it would be a
problem but for regular use, the range will be sufficient.
#3 Battery replacement
Life of battery and replacement cost is a major constraint which detaches
people from an electric vehicle. Life of electric car battery ranges from 5 to
10 years.
BEVs are equipped with a power socket to charge the battery. Those vehicles
can be charged from electric car charging stations also.
Regenerative braking may also be provided to store the energy from braking.
Read below article about
The short range of battery electric vehicles can be overcome by use Hybrid
Electric Vehicles and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles.
Range of the vehicle (distance traveled per unit fuel) improves considerably
with this combination. An electric motor propels a vehicle at a high-efficiency
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region of operation of the IC engine and improves the fuel economy of the
vehicle.
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#1 Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle
The internal combustion engine and electric motor work together to generate
the required energy for the vehicle. The engine is connected directly to the
wheels of hybrid electric vehicle and it helps to reduce the losses due to the
conversion of mechanical power to electricity and vice versa as in a series
hybrid electric vehicle.
Since motor need not bear the full load of the vehicle, rating of motor and
battery can be less compared to a series hybrid electric vehicle. So parallel
power train configuration is popular in a hybrid electric vehicle.
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#2 Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle
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Block diagram of Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle
At lower speeds, it operates more like a series vehicle, while at high speeds,
where the series drive-train is less efficient, the internal combustion engine
takes over and energy loss is minimized.
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Block diagram of Series/Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle
Conclusion
We have discussed the basics of Electric vehicles, how they are classified,
advantages and challenges in this article. Electric vehicles are generally
classified into Battery Electric Vehicle, Hybrid Electric Vehicle, and Plug-in
Hybrid Electric Vehicle. World's large automotive manufacturers started
manufacturing electric vehicles. Here is a list of top 7 electric car
manufactures.
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