PRACTICE OCCUPATIONAL

HEALTH AND SAFETY PROCEDURES

TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
OCCUPATION – An activity or undertaking in
which one engages.
HEALTH – The condition of being sound in body,
mind, or spirit.
- The freedom from physical disease or illment.
- The general condition of the body.
 SAFETY – State or condition of being safe,
freedom from danger, risk, injury and damage.
ACCIDENT- Any suddenly occuring,
unintentional event which causes personal injury
or property damage.
FIRST AID – Immediate and temporary care
given to victim of accident or sudden illness until
the service of a doctor can be obtained.
HYGIENE – The science of good
health and its maintenance
including sanitary practices and cleanliness

HAZARD – Source of danger.

- It is a source or potential source of
human injury, illness, diseases.

CARELESSNESS – Failure to think before one

acts; failure to pay attention.

ARC BURN - A burn on the exterior membrane of

the eye caused by exposing the naked eye to the ultra-
violet and infra-rays in the flash of an electric arc, or
the exposure of improperly covered body areas to the
flash of an electric arc.
TETANUS – An acute infectious disease that
usually enters the body through cuts or wounds;
characterized by spasmodic contractions or
rigidity of some voluntary muscles and
frequently referred to as lockjaw.
OXYGEN DISPLACEMENT – A reduction
of oxygen caused by any arc or flame in the work
zone around a welding activity.
 FLAMMABLE - Capable of being easily
ignited; burning with extreme rapidity.
COMBUSTIBLE – Capable ob burning into
flames. Materials or liquids that catch fire easily.
EXPLOSIVE – Tending to blow up or burst
violently and loudly.
 PRESSURIZED – Stored under pressure
greater than the pressure of the
atmosphere.
EXTINGUISH – To put out a fire; to cause
to cease burning.
IMMINENT DANGER
* - condition in
the workplace which must be reported immediately.
– is a condition or practice that could
reasonably be expected to cause death or serious
physical harm before abatement under the
enforcement procedure can be accomplished.
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF SAFETY
The observation of Health and Safety
Principles and Practices in any
undertaking in workplace is of the greatest
importance. Your life and that of the others
are more important than the job you are
doing.
To prevent such injury or accident extreme
cautions should be observed while you are
in your work place. Always bear in mind
that safety is everybody’s business.
REASONS WHY YOU SHOULD BE
SAFETY CONSCIOUS ON THE JOB
1. You have a responsibility to yourself to think
before you act and to stay alert and aware of
where you are in order to prevent personal
injury.

2. You have a responsibility to your family

members to continue providing
and supporting them their needs
and to keep them safe.
3. You have a responsibility to your fellow workers
to prevent accidents to them by being
concerned with their safety and welfare and by
encouraging them to be safety conscious.

4. You have a responsibility to your employers

to prevent accidents so that they are not
shorthanded, their job progress
is not slowed down or stopped.
CODE OF SAFETY PRACTICES
1. ACCIDENT PREVENTION – All persons must
abide by safety standards, general industry safety
orders, and company rules. Posters
and other safety materials are displayed for the
benefit of the employee.

2. FIRST AID – Basic first aid is of value in the event

of injury. Know how to give first aid; it may save a
fellow worker from death. Unless you completely
understand the proper method, never attempt to
move a person who is possibly suffering from an
injury
spine or other internal injury.
 3. FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS, SOLVENTS – Never
use gasoline or other volatile liquids for cleaning
purposes. Oxygen and Acetylene cylinders can be
dangerous. Handle carefully any tanks or
containers that contain explosive vapor or liquid,
and never expose these containers to open flame
or spark.
4. ELECTRICAL – Respect electricity under all
circumstances. Never use electrical equipment in
areas of excessive moisture unless you have taken
all safeguards. Approved electric power tools and
extensions are grounded; never alter cords or
plugs.
5. JOB SITE – Keep work areas free from debris.
Good housekeeping is very essential. Remove or
correct any hazards. Never work or pass under
suspended load or equipment.
6. HAND TOOLS – Always use the proper tools and
maintain them in good condition. Never use tools
with loose or broken handles, mushroom heads,
or dull blades. Always use the correct size or type
of tool for the job.
7. POWER TOOLS – Never use the power-
activated tool unless you have been licensed.
Know the proper method of using a skill saw;
never block back the retractable guard; it is for
your protection. Never use a power tool with
which you are not fully experienced.
8. MATERIALS HANDLING – Lift with the leg
muscles; do not bend over and lift with your
back. Learn and practice the proper way to lift
or carry material or any object. Do not operate
any type of powered materials-handling or
hoisting equipment unless authorized. Get
help in handling heavy or bulky loads.
9.PROTECTIVE DEVICES – Handrails,
guardrails, protective covers, toe boards, and
safety devices installed on various tools are
there for your safety; do not remove or damage
these protective devices. Replace, correct, or
report any unsafe guards or device.
 10.PERSONAL PROTECTION – Stay
clear of heavy earth-moving
equipment. Remain aware of warning
devices such as belts, horns, or
whistles. Hard hats are mandatory;
always wear one on any construction
job. Wear suitable work clothes at all
times. Wear heavy-soled shoes; they
protect you against a puncture injury.
11. UNDERGROUND – Never enter any underground
vault, manhole, silo, or any enclosed area until you
are certain that the air within contains no flammable,
contaminated, or toxic vapor or gas. Thoroughly test,
ventilate, or wear adequate protective gear before
entering enclosed areas.
12.WORK HABITS – Assist other worker when
necessary to maintain safe operation. Never place
yourself in a dangerous position or allow others to
work in a dangerous position. Use the right tools or
equipment at all times. Construction sites offer
unusual hazards; walk and work with all due respect
for those hazards.
 JOB SAFETY RULES
 Be familiar with location of fire-fighting
and first-aid equipment.
 Be alert and conduct yourself in a manner
that will ensure safe practices.
 Be conscious of other’s safety and
encourage others to do the same.
 Be certain ample ventilation is provided in
areas where carbon monoxide may be
present.
 Report all accidents, regardless of nature or
severity, to the supervisor.
 PERSONAL SAFETY
 Remove rings and other jewelry when working.
 Confine long hair before operating power
equipment.
 Wear close-fitting clothing appropriate for
activity being performed.
 Wear safety shoes, proper boots, and gloves.
 Wear face and eye protection as required.
Examples: Safety glasses, goggles, face shields.
Wear ear protection as required.
Examples: earplugs, earmuffs.
Wear respiratory protection for the contaminant
you will be exposed to. Example: Dust respirator,
Gas Musk
 The Health and Safety at
work Act of 1974
This law requires that: Employers
must ensure the health and safety of
employees, providing them with safety
investment, handling, storage and
transportation of goods, providing
information, training and support,
giving them secure jobs and secure
environment and facilities.
WHO IS EMPOWERED TO ENFORCE AND
ADMINISTER OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
LAWS ?
ARTICLE 165 OF THE LABOR CODE PROVIDES:
Administration of safety and health laws. –
a) The Department Of Labor and Employment shall be
solely responsible for the administration and enforcement of
occupational safety and health laws, regulations and
standards in all establishments and workplaces wherever
they may be located; however, chartered cities may be
allowed to conduct industrial safety inspections of
establishments within their respective jurisdiction where
they have adequate facilities and competent personnel for
the purpose as determined by the DOLE and subject to
national standards established by the latter.
OBLIGATIONS OF THE EMPLOYER IN
CONNECTION WITH HEALTH AND SAFETY
OF HIS EMPLOYEES
The employer is obliged to keep and maintain
his workplace free from hazards that are
causing or likely to cause physical harm to the
workers or damage to property. He must
comply with the provisions of the
OCCUPATIONAL and HEALTH and SAFETY
CODE. (Rule VI Book IV, Implementing Rules
and Regulations)
Medical and First Aid:

In case of serious injury or illness do not move a

seriously injured person unless they are in further danger.
Give your name; describe the nature of the problem and
the location of the victim.
Quickly perform these four steps:
 Determine welfare of victim by asking, “Are you okay,”
and What is wrong?”
 If the victim is unconscious, check pulse and breathing
and give CPR or artificial respiration if necessary.
 Control serious bleeding by direct pressure and
elevation of the wound.
 Keep victim still and comfortable; have them lie down if
necessary.
For minor medical urgencies,
employees should report to the
management. Employees may go to
their private physician but they
must let them know if the injury or
illness is work-related. Supervisors
must ensure that they or a co-
worker accompany the injured or ill
person to the medical care facility.
 FACTORS THAT MAKE A
WORKPLACE HAZARDOUS
For minor medical urgencies,
employees should report to the
management. Employees may go to
their private physician but they
must let them know if the injury or
illness is work-related. Supervisors
must ensure that they or a co-
worker accompany the injured or ill
person to the medical care facility.
First Aid Instructions:

Mouth to Mouth Rescue Breathing:

Place victim on side and remove foreign
matter from mouth with finger. Place victim
on back. Tilt victims head back to open
airway. Close victim’s chest expands. Repeat
every 1-2 seconds after chest deflates. Keep
trying until help arrives. If unable to give
breath, check victim for airway obstruction.
The American Red Cross conducts CPR
classes for a minimal charge.
 Severe Bleeding and Wounds:
Apply direct pressure on wound.
Use clean cloth or hand.
Elevate body part.
Apply pressure to blood vessel if necessary.
Add more cloth if blood soaks through.
Never remove bandage once applied.
Keep pressure on wound until help arrives.
Use tourniquet ONLY as a last resort.
 Unconsciousness and Shock:

 Have a victim lie down and rest.

 Keep victim comfortable, not hot or cold.
 Place victim on side if unconscious.
 Ask or look for emergency medical I.D. and
provide to emergency medical personnel.
 Treat other injuries as necessary.
 Burns, Thermal & Chemical:

 Immerse burned area in cold water.

 Flood chemical burn with cool water
for 15 minutes.
 Cover burn with dry bandage.
 Keep victim quiet and comfortable.
 Fractures and Sprains:

Keep the victim still.

Keep injured area immobile.
EMERGENCY PROCEDURE: Fire
 In any fire situation, it is important to act
quickly and decisively in order to contain the
spread of the fire. All doors leading to the fire
should be closed. Do not re-enter the area for
belongings. If the area is full of smoke,
students and employees should be instructed to
crawl along the floor, close to walls, thus
making breathing easier and providing
direction. Before opening any door, place a
hand one inch from the door near the top to see
if it is hot. Be prepared to close the door
quickly at the first sign of fire.
 Procedures:
* Sound building fire alarm (local or auxiliary).
This will automatically implement action to leave
the building.
 Notify Fire Department
 Building address, including nearest cross street(s)
 School name
 Exact location within the building
 Your name and phone number
 Attempt to extinguish fire with fire
extinguisher only if it is a small,
incipient fire.
 Evacuate to outdoor assembly area.
Remain at a safe distance from the fire
and away from firefighting equipment.
 Render first aid as necessary.
 Check attendance. Remain with
students.
 Clear access routes for emergency
vehicles.
 Keep staff and students at a safe
distance from the fire and away
from firefighting equipment.
 Fire Department officials will
determine when the building is safe
for re-entry.
“THANK YOU AND GOD SPEED”

MR. GLICERIO V. SAMSON

Asst. Prof. II