Safety Is A Personal Decision

Safety-A Personal Decision
Bureau of Workers’ Compensation

PA Training for Health & Safety
(PATHS)
PPT-104-01 1
Workplace Injuries
What is behind most workplace injuries?
 A lack of safety training

 Poor equipment, policies, or systems
 Ignorance
 Inattention to risks
PPT-104-01 2
Incident Causes
Poor Management Safety Policy & Decisions
Personal Factors Basic Causes
Environmental Factors
Unsafe
Unsafe Act Indirect Causes Condition
INCIDENT
Unplanned release of energy Personal Injury
and/or Property Damage
Hazardous material
PPT-104-01 3
Beliefs about Accident Causes
Important element because it guides people’s

thinking & actions when trying to recognize or
solve safety problems.
PPT-104-01 4
Perceived Risk Levels
An individual’s perception as it relates to a

particular job or task:
Ability to determine risks associated with the

individual’s definition of his/her experience, history,
training & communication, amount of control
individual feels they have,…to the criteria they use
to judge the situation.
PPT-104-01 5
Perception vs. Reality
What do you see?
PPT-104-01 6
Safety Issues
What did they see?
PPT-104-01 7
Heinrich’s Pyramid
Death or Serious Injury

1
29
Minor Injury
300
Near Miss
3,000
Unsafe Acts, Behaviors or Conditions
PPT-104-01 8
Incident Prevention
1. Hazard identification/recognition
2. Evaluation
3. Select a control method
PPT-104-01 9
Safety = Personal
Safety is something that’s personal – it involves

an individual making a conscious decision to
work safely in the workplace or at home.
PPT-104-01 10
Safety Challenges
1. Attitudes
2. Competing Priorities
3. Hazard Awareness
PPT-104-01 11
The Four A’s of Safety
• Attitudes
• Awareness
• Action
• Accountability
PPT-104-01 12
Attitudes
• It won’t happen to me!
• I’ve been doing this job for 15 years …
• I’m CAREFUL!
• I don’t want to get (someone) in trouble!
PPT-104-01 13
BETARI BOX MODEL
MY ATTITUDE
AFFECTS AFFECTS
MY BEHAVIOR
YOUR BEHAVIOR
AFFECTS
AFFECTS
YOUR ATTITUDE
PPT-104-01 14
Attitude
PPT-104-01 15
Safety as a Value
 Safety part of your character
 Think about safety
 Talk about safety
 Work safely
 Safety as a habit
PPT-104-01 16
Safety Attitude Defined
 Stay informed about safety
 Follow safety rules and procedures
 Identify hazards
 Stay healthy, fit, and focused
PPT-104-01 17
Safety Awareness
Safety awareness is a state of mind!
PPT-104-01 18
Safety Awareness
Why develop a sense

of safety awareness?
Without it workers won’t:

• Wear their PPE, or wear it properly
• Be aware of the potential for injury or illness
• Observe simple rules (such as good
housekeeping)
PPT-104-01 19
Safety Awareness
Without safety awareness employees

may think about:
- The next day’s schedule,

- Mowing the lawn,
- Evening activities
Anything but safety.
PPT-104-01 20
Safety Awareness
How Safety Awareness becomes a state of

mind:
• Treat safety as an important job responsibility

• Plan each job before you start
• Think about what could go wrong, and how you’ll
prevent problems and incidents
• Use SDS, protective clothing, proper equipment,
read labels and other safety information
PPT-104-01 21
Safety Awareness-State of Mind
• Know what to do in an emergency
• Keep your work area clear of potential fire or

tripping and falling hazards
• Check tools and equipment before you use them
PPT-104-01 22
Commit to Safety
At an employee level – an individual’s identification

with, and involvement in, safety activities is often
enhanced with involvement in decision making
processes and engagement that affects safety in
their jobs.
PPT-104-01 23
Human Factors and Safety
Employee Responsibilities Include:
 Recognizing safety hazards

 Reporting safety hazards
 Maintaining good housekeeping
 Working safely
 Using proper personal protective equipment
 Making the most of safety training
PPT-104-01 24
Human Factors
Definition - What does Human Factors Causing
Incidents mean?
Human factors causing incidents are those factors
directly attributable to the operator, worker or
personnel involved in an incident. A number of
human behavioral factors may contribute to the
incidents.
Safeopedia explains Human Factors Causing
Incidents
Human factors are responsible for about 90% of
incidents that occur in a workplace.
PPT-104-01 25
The following human factors are common causes of

incidents:
Memory - Memory lapse may occur at any time

Judgment and reasoning power - May be
reduced due to many factors
Attention - Failure to remain attentive or lack of
attention
Delayed or false sensation of the sensory
organs - Failed senses that could otherwise
stimulate a response to avoid the incident
PPT-104-01 26
Competence - Lack of competence and experience

Skills - Skill level of individuals is important in any
incident avoidance
Personality - Some are compromising while others
are hardliner
Attitude - Negligence, arrogance, boldness and
overconfidence etc.
Risk perception - Poor risk perception due to poor
knowledge and experience
Individual characteristics - Anger, temper,
curiosity, etc.
PPT-104-01 27
Safety Risks
Safety Risk
Not Willing
Not Able
Don’t Know
PPT-104-01 28
Prevention Measures
Incidents that are caused due to human (personal)

factors may be prevented or reduced by the
following preventative measures:
 Training and skill development

 Education and awareness
 Supervision, monitoring and controlling
 Feedback and reports
 Frequent inspections and audits
PPT-104-01 29
Safety Programs
PPT-104-01 30
Risk Assessment
Risk Assessment
Take time to ask yourself simple risk
assessment questions.
If the risk is too great;

STOP! Control the risk! Prevent
the incident!
• Why am I doing this?
• What could go wrong?
• How likely is it to happen?
• How could it affect me or others?
• What should I do about it?
PPT-104-01 31
Perceived Risk
There are four separate groups of people who

seek information differently based on their
perceived risk:
 Responsive individuals
 Avoidant individuals
 Proactive individuals
 Indifferent individuals
PPT-104-01 32
Good Work Habits
 Taking actions to protect yourself

 Keep your work area clean
 Keep aisles and stairs clear
 Don’t have more than one file drawer open
at a time
 Have enough light to see what you are
doing
 Clean up spills promptly
PPT-104-01 33
Good Work Habits
 Look around for anything that could go wrong

 Use the right tool or equipment for the job
 Keep focused on what you are doing
 Respect electricity and power equipment
 Wear proper personal protective equipment
 Take personal responsibility for safety
Bad Habits are easier to abandon today

than tomorrow!
PPT-104-01 34
Leadership
Intent
Adjustment Behaviour
Effect
“Most people see leadership as the act of leading others.

What if it is really the act of leading ourselves?” Peter Urs Bender
PPT-104-01 35
Leadership
“The only person you are destined to

become is the person you decide to be.”
Ralph Waldo Emerson
PPT-104-01 36
The Key to Safety
“The Key to Safety is You.” Make safety a value in

everything You do!
PPT-104-01 37
Questions to Ask Employees
Personal Reflection
Do you hold safety as a value, or a

priority?
Is your safety performance dictated by the

need for compliance or by choice?
Are you committed to working safely?
PPT-104-01 38
Values and Priorities
Understanding how Values &

Priorities affect our behavior
Value: Priority:
• Doesn’t easily change • Can and will change

frequently
• Not readily influenced
by others or • Something that takes
circumstances precedence over another
• Takes a life change to • Can be easily influenced

change a value by others or by
circumstances
PPT-104-01 39
Choice and Compliance
Understanding how Choice & Compliance affect
our behavior
Choice: Compliance:
• Individual has the power • Comply due to

to choose consequences
• Responsible for • Blame for consequences
consequences may be misdirected
“I wanted to do it” “You made me do it”
• Not easily influenced once • Behavior can easily be

made influenced
• Driven by our own value • Driven by someone else’s
set priorities
PPT-104-01 40
Summary
“When you are looking at the person in the mirror,
you are looking at the person responsible for your
safety.”
PPT-104-01 41
The Bottom Line
To Prevent an injury today from ruining your

tomorrow:
Remember the four 4 A’s for safety !
 Attitude
 Awareness
 Accountability
 Action
PPT-104-01 42
Contact Information
Health & Safety Training Specialists

1171 South Cameron Street, Room 324
Harrisburg, PA 17104-2501
(717) 772-1635
[email protected]
Like us on Facebook! -
https://www.facebook.com/BWCPATHS
PPT-104-01 43
Questions
PPT-104-01 44

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Safety-A Personal Decision

Bureau of Workers’ Compensation

What is behind most workplace injuries?

 A lack of safety training

Important element because it guides people’s

An individual’s perception as it relates to a

Ability to determine risks associated with the

What do you see?

What did they see?

Death or Serious Injury

3. Select a control method

Safety is something that’s personal – it involves

• It won’t happen to me!

• I’ve been doing this job for 15 years …

• I don’t want to get (someone) in trouble!

 Safety part of your character

 Think about safety

 Talk about safety

 Stay informed about safety

 Follow safety rules and procedures

 Stay healthy, fit, and focused

Safety awareness is a state of mind!

Why develop a sense

Without it workers won’t:

Without safety awareness employees

- The next day’s schedule,

Anything but safety.

How Safety Awareness becomes a state of

• Treat safety as an important job responsibility

• Know what to do in an emergency

• Keep your work area clear of potential fire or

• Check tools and equipment before you use them

At an employee level – an individual’s identification

Employee Responsibilities Include:

 Recognizing safety hazards

The following human factors are common causes of

Memory - Memory lapse may occur at any time

Competence - Lack of competence and experience

Incidents that are caused due to human (personal)

 Training and skill development

If the risk is too great;

There are four separate groups of people who

 Taking actions to protect yourself

 Look around for anything that could go wrong

Bad Habits are easier to abandon today

“Most people see leadership as the act of leading others.

“The only person you are destined to

Ralph Waldo Emerson

“The Key to Safety is You.” Make safety a value in

Do you hold safety as a value, or a

Is your safety performance dictated by the

Are you committed to working safely?

Understanding how Values &

• Doesn’t easily change • Can and will change

• Takes a life change to • Can be easily influenced

• Individual has the power • Comply due to

“I wanted to do it” “You made me do it”

• Not easily influenced once • Behavior can easily be