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    Buckling Load of Non-Uniform Columns: I RT I I

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    Orlando Mireles
    This document presents a method for approximating the buckling load of non-uniform columns. It describes a 20m steel column made of three welded tubular sections with different diameters and wall thicknesses. It then shows the calculations for determining the buckling load based on the potential energy method. For a pinned column, the calculated buckling load is 113,000 kN, and for a fixed column it is 421,000 kN. These results were verified to be accurate using a structural analysis program. This potential energy method can also be applied to columns with gradually changing cross-sections.

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    Buckling Load of Non-Uniform Columns: I RT I I

    Uploaded by

    Orlando Mireles
    22 views3 pages
    This document presents a method for approximating the buckling load of non-uniform columns. It describes a 20m steel column made of three welded tubular sections with different diameters and wall thicknesses. It then shows the calculations for determining the buckling load based on the potential energy method. For a pinned column, the calculated buckling load is 113,000 kN, and for a fixed column it is 421,000 kN. These results were verified to be accurate using a structural analysis program. This potential energy method can also be applied to columns with gradually changing cross-sections.

    Original Title

    CT5060_columnbuckling

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    This document presents a method for approximating the buckling load of non-uniform columns. It describes a 20m steel column made of three welded tubular sections with different diameters and wall thicknesses. It then shows the calculations for determining the buckling load based on the potential energy method. For a pinned column, the calculated buckling load is 113,000 kN, and for a fixed column it is 421,000 kN. These results were verified to be accurate using a structural analysis program. This potential energy method can also be applied to columns with gradually changing cross-sections.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    22 views3 pages

    Buckling Load of Non-Uniform Columns: I RT I I

    Uploaded by

    Orlando Mireles
    This document presents a method for approximating the buckling load of non-uniform columns. It describes a 20m steel column made of three welded tubular sections with different diameters and wall thicknesses. It then shows the calculations for determining the buckling load based on the potential energy method. For a pinned column, the calculated buckling load is 113,000 kN, and for a fixed column it is 421,000 kN. These results were verified to be accurate using a structural analysis program. This potential energy method can also be applied to columns with gradually changing cross-sections.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Buckling load of non-uniform columns

    P.C.J. Hoogenboom, June 4, 2009

    A 20 m column consists of three steel tubular sections welded together. The middle part
    is 17 m long, has a diameter of 1036 mm and a wall thickness of 50 mm. The end parts
    are 1.5 m long, have diameters of 1016 mm and wall thicknesses of 40 mm. Young’s
    modulus of steel is 2.1⋅105 N/mm²

    The cross-section properties are

    I = π R3t

    (2 )
    3
    I m = π 1 1036 50 = 2183 ⋅107 mm 4

    I e = π ( 1 1016 ) 40 = 1647 ⋅107 mm 4 .


    3
    2

    Since an exact formula for the buckling load does not exist, it is approximated using
    potential energy.

    If the column is pinned at both ends the deflection w can be approximated by

     πx
    w = w sin .
    l

    If the column is fixed at both ends the deflection w can be approximated by

     ⎛ 2π x ⎞
    w = w 1 ⎜ 1 − cos ⎟,
    2⎝ l ⎠
    
    where w is the maximum deflection in the middle of the column.

    The curvature κ is

    d 2w
    κ=− .
    dx 2

    The moment M in a section is

    M = EI κ .

    The potential energy E pot of the column is


    l
    E pot = ∫ 1 M κ dx − P u ,
    2
    0

    where P is the axial loading and u is the axial displacement.


    The axial displacement can be calculated with

    l
    dy 2
    u = l − ∫ 1− ( ) dx .
    dx
    0

    The latter formula can be derived by considering an infinitesimal part of the deformed
    column. However, it cannot be evaluated easily. Using the Taylor series
    1 − f = 1 − 1 f + O( f 2 ) we can approximate u accurately.
    2

    l
    dy 2
    u≈ 1
    2 ∫ ( dx ) dx .
    0

    Evaluation of the E pot equation gives

    1500 18500 20000


    E pot = ∫ 1 M κ dx +
    2 e ∫ 1 M κ dx +
    2 m ∫ 1 M κ dx − P u .
    2 e
    0 1500 18500

    Evaluation of for pinned edges gives

    
    E pot = (13937 − 0.0001234 P) w2 .

    Evaluation for clamped edges gives

    
    E pot = (52006 − 0.0001234 P ) w2 .

    
    The column is stable when the potential energy curve ( E pot versus w ) is bowl shaped. It
    becomes unstable when P is such that the bottom of the “bowl” is flat. Therefore, it is
    unstable when

    d 2 E pot
     = 0.
    dw2

    So, for the pinned column


    2(13937 − 0.0001234 Pcr ) = 0
    13937
    Pcr = = 113000 ⋅103 N.
    0.0001234

    and for the fixed column

    2(52006 − 0.0001234 Pcr ) = 0


    52006
    Pcr = = 421000 ⋅103 N.
    0.0001234

    The pinned end result has been checked with a structural analysis program (geometrical
    nonlinear analysis with Dr. Frame including a small lateral load). Pcr = 112000 kN,
    which is almost the same.

    The method gives good results when the estimated buckling shape agrees well with the
    real buckling shape. If not, the method will overestimate the real buckling load.

    This method works also for a cross-section that changes gradually over the length
    (tapered sections).

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