Mix Design of Concrete (ACI 211) : Plain & Reinforced Concrete Ii (Lab)

PLAIN & REINFORCED CONCRETE II
(Lab)
Mix Design of Concrete [ACI 211]
DR. USMAN AKMAL
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,
LAHORE
CONTENTS
Mix Design Procedure
Mix Design Example
2
Concrete mix design procedure
STEP 1: Target Strength 𝑓𝑐𝑟′
𝑓𝑐𝑟′ ≥ 𝑓𝑐′ + 7.0 𝑀𝑃𝑎 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑓𝑐′ < 21 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑓𝑐𝑟′ ≥ 𝑓𝑐′ + 8. 5 𝑀𝑃𝑎 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑓𝑐′ = 21 𝑡𝑜 35 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑓𝑐𝑟′ ≥ 1.1𝑓𝑐′ + 5.0 𝑀𝑃𝑎 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑓𝑐′ > 35 𝑀𝑃𝑎
3
STEP 2: Slump [Table A1.5.3.1]
TABLE A1.5.3.1 – RECOMMENDED SLUMPS FOR VARIOUS TYPES OF

CONSTRUCTION (SI)
4
STEP 3: Maximum aggregate size [6.3.2]
Least of
i. 1/5th of the narrowest dimension
between sides of forms
ii. 1/3rd the depth of slabs
iii. 3/4th of the minimum clear

spacing between individual
reinforcing bars
5
STEP 4: Water and air content [Table A1.5.3.3]
TABLE A1.5.3.3 – APPROXIMATE MIXING WATER AND AIR CONTENT REQUIRED FOR
DIFFERENT SLUMPS AND NOMINAL MAXIMUM SIZES OF AGGREGATES (SI)
Water (W) kg/m3

6
STEP 5: Water to cement ratio (w/c)[Table A1.5.3.4(a)]
TABLE A1.5.3.4(a) – RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WATER-CEMENT RATIO AND
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE (SI)
7
STEP 6: Calculation of cement, C (kg/m3)
𝑤Τ = 𝑊
𝑐 𝐶
W is calculated in Step 4 and 𝑤Τ𝑐 is selected in
Step 5. Now, only unknown in above Eq. is C
𝑊
𝐶=𝑤
Τ𝑐
8
STEP 7: Calculation of coarse aggregates, G (kg/m3)
𝐺 = 𝑅𝑜𝑑𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑘 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 × 𝑉𝑜𝑙)𝐺
𝑉𝑜𝑙)𝐺 (m3/m3) is selected from Table A1.5.3.6
TABLE A1.5.3.6-VOLUME OF COARSE AGGREGATE PER UNIT OF
VOLUME OF CONCRETE (SI)
9
STEP 8: Calculation of fine aggregates, S (kg/m3)
𝑆 = 𝐷𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑠ℎ 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐. −(𝑊 + 𝐶 + 𝐺)
Density of fresh conc. is selected from Table A1.5.3.7.1
10
STEP 9: Adjustment of mixing water
Mixing water is adjusted (increased/decreased)
based on the values of water absorption and
moisture content of fine and coarse aggregates.
STEP 10: Adjustment of slump
If slump of the trial batch was not correct,
increase or decrease the re-estimated water
content by 2 kg/m3 of concrete for each increase or
decrease of 10 mm in slump desired. With the
increased mixing water, additional cement will
be required to keep the designed 𝑤Τ𝑐.
11
Concrete mix design Example
Given data
Target strength = 24 MPa
Slump = 75-100 mm
Max aggregate size = 37.5 mm
Rodded bulk density = 1600 kg/m3
FM of sand = 2.8
Specific gravity of cement = 3.15
Specific gravity of coarse aggregates = 2.68
Specific gravity of sand = 2.64
Water absorption of coarse aggregates = 0.5%
Water absorption of sand = 0.7%
Moisture content of coarse aggregates = 2%
Moisture content of sand = 6%
12
Step 1: Target strength

′
𝑓𝑐𝑟 = 24 MPa
Step 2: Slump
Slump = 75-100 mm
Step 3: Max aggregate size

Max aggregate size = 37.5 mm
Step 4: Water and air content [Table A1.5.3.3]

Water = W = 181 kg/m3
Air = 2%
13
Step 5: Water to cement ratio [Table A1.5.3.4(a)]
𝑤Τ = 0.62
𝑐
Step 6: Cement content

𝑊
𝐶=𝑤
Τ𝑐
181
𝐶= = 292 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
0.62
Step 7: Coarse aggregates

𝐺 = 𝑅𝑜𝑑𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑘 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 × 𝑉𝑜𝑙)𝐺
𝑉𝑜𝑙)𝐺 (m3/m3) is selected from Table A1.5.3.6
𝐺 = 1600 × 0.71 = 1136 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
14
Step 8: Fine aggregates
𝑆 = 𝐷𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑠ℎ 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐. −(𝑊 + 𝐶 + 𝐺)
Density of fresh conc. is selected from Table A1.5.3.7.1
𝑆 = 2410 − 181 + 292 + 1136 = 801 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
Concrete ratio
C : S : G
292 : 801 : 1136
1 : 2.74 : 3.89
15
Step 9: Adjustment of mixing water
Weight of the wet gravel = 1136 × 1.02 = 1159 kg/m3
Weight of the wet sand = 801 × 1.06 = 849 kg/m3
Mixing water = 181 – 1136 × 0.015 – 801 × 0.053

= 121.5 kg/m3
Step 10: Adjustment of slump
If slump of the trial batch was not correct, increase or
decrease the re-estimated water content by 2 kg/m3 of
concrete for each increase or decrease of 10 mm in
slump desired. With the increased mixing water,
additional cement will be required to keep the
designed 𝑤Τ𝑐.
16
END OF LECTURE
17

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PLAIN & REINFORCED CONCRETE II

Mix Design of Concrete [ACI 211]

DR. USMAN AKMAL

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Mix Design Procedure

Mix Design Example

𝑓𝑐𝑟′ ≥ 𝑓𝑐′ + 7.0 𝑀𝑃𝑎 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑓𝑐′ < 21 𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝑓𝑐𝑟′ ≥ 𝑓𝑐′ + 8. 5 𝑀𝑃𝑎 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑓𝑐′ = 21 𝑡𝑜 35 𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝑓𝑐𝑟′ ≥ 1.1𝑓𝑐′ + 5.0 𝑀𝑃𝑎 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑓𝑐′ > 35 𝑀𝑃𝑎

TABLE A1.5.3.1 – RECOMMENDED SLUMPS FOR VARIOUS TYPES OF

ii. 1/3rd the depth of slabs

iii. 3/4th of the minimum clear

Water (W) kg/m3

Step 1: Target strength

Step 3: Max aggregate size

Step 4: Water and air content [Table A1.5.3.3]

Step 6: Cement content

Step 7: Coarse aggregates

Density of fresh conc. is selected from Table A1.5.3.7.1

𝑆 = 2410 − 181 + 292 + 1136 = 801 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3

Mixing water = 181 – 1136 × 0.015 – 801 × 0.053

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