COMMON NAME OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Different common names of famous organic

compound is given below. They should be

remembered by heart which are given.

 IUPAC name of Some Common organic compounds
SN. COMMON NAME STRUCTURE IUPAC NAME
1. Methane or Marsh gas CH 4 Methane
or Fire damp or Carbane
2. Isobutane H3C — CH — CH3 2–Methylpropane
|
CH3
3. Isopentane H 3C — CH — CH 2 — CH 3 2–Methylbutane
|
CH3
CH3
|
4. Neopentane H3C — C — CH3 2, 2–Dimethylpropane
|
CH3
CH3
|
5. Isohexane CH3 — CHCH2CH2CH3 2–Methylpentane
CH3
|
6. Neohexane CH3 — C — CH2CH3 2–2–Dimethylbutane
|
CH3

7. Isooctane (CH3)3C–CH2–CH(CH3)2 2,2,4-trimethyl pentane

Octane no. = 100 Heptane = CH3(CH2)5CH3
(minimal knock) Octone no. = 100
(bad knock)
8. Triptane (CH3)3C–CH(CH3)2 2,2,3-trimethyl butane
9. Isoprene CH2 = C(CH3)–CH = CH2 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene
CH3
10. Isobutylene CH = CH2 2–Methylpropene
CH3
11. Allene CH2 = C = CH2 Propadiene
12. Isopropyl iodide CH 3  CH  CH 3 2–Iodopropane
|
I
13. sec–Butyl chloride CH 3 CH2  CH  CH3 2–Chlorobutane
|
Cl
CH 3
|
14. Isobutylchloride CH 3  CH  CH2  Cl 1–Chloro–2–methylpropane

15. tert–Butylchloride 2–Chloro–2–methyl propane

16. Ethylene dibromide 1, 2–Dibromoethane

(vic-dibromoethane)
SN. COMMON NAME STRUCTURE IUPAC NAME
17. Ethylidene bromide CH3  CH  Br 1, 1–Dibromoethane
|
Br
(Gem-dibromoethane)
18. Vinyl chloride CH2 = CH – Cl Chloroethene
19. Allyl bromide CH2 = CH – CH2 – Br 3–Bromo–1–propene
20. Lacticacid CH 3 –CH(OH)–COOH 2-hydroxy propanoic acid
21. Chloral CCl 3CHO 2,2,2-trichloroethanal
22. Chloropicrin CCl3NO2 Trichloronitromethane
23. Pyrene CCl4 Tetrachloromethane
24. Perclene Cl2C = CCl2 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethene
25. Westron Cl2CH– CHCl2 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
26. Westrasol ClCH = CCl2 1,1,2-trichloroethene
OH
27. Chloritone (CH3)2C 1,1,1-trichloro-2-methyl-2-propanol
CCl3
(Anesthetic drug)
28. Glycol (CH2OH)2 Ethane-1,2-diol
29. Glycerol/glycerine CH 2 OH–CHOH–CH 2 OH Propane-1,2,3-triol
30. Acrolein CH2 = CH–CHO Prop-2-enal
31. Crotonaldehyde CH3CH = CH – CHO But–2–enal
32. Pyruvic aldehyde CH3COCHO 2-oxo propanal
33. Pyruvic acid CH3COCOOH 2-oxo propanoic acid
34. Pivaldehyde (CH3)3C–CHO 2,2-dimethyl propanal
35. Ketene CH2 = C = O Ethenone
36. Chloroprene CH2=(CCl)–CH= CH2 2-chlorobuta-1,3-diene
37. Oxalyl chloride (COCl)2 Ethane dioyl chloride
38. Glyceraldehyde CH2(OH)–CH(OH)–CHO 2,3-dihydroxy propanal
39. Glyceric acid CH2(OH)–CH(OH)–COOH 2,3-dihydroxy propanoic acid
40. Glyoxal CHO–CHO Ethanedial
41. Glyoxalic acid CHO–COOH Formyl methanoic acid
42. Carbamic acid H 2 N– C OO H Amino methanoic acid
43. Glycine NH 2 –CH 2 –COOH Amino ethanoic acid
44. Carbonic acid HO–C O–OH Hydroxy methanoic acid
45. Mendelic acid Ph–CH(OH)–COOH 2-hydroxy-2-phenyl ethanoic acid
46. Lacticacid CH 3 –CH(OH)–COOH 2–hydroxy propanoic acid
CH(OH) – COOH
47. Tartricacid 2,3-dihydroxy butane dioic acid
CH(OH) – COOH
48. Caproic acid CH3(CH2)4–COOH Hexanoic acid
49. Oxalic acid (COOH)2 Ethane dioic acid
50. Malonic acid CH2(COOH)2 Propanedioic acid
SN. COMMON NAME STRUCTURE IUPAC NAME
51. Succinic acid (CH2)2(COOH)2 Butane dioic acid
52. Glutaricacid (CH3)3(COOH)2 Pentane dioic acid
53. Adipic acid (CH2)4(COOH)2 Hexane dioic acid
54. Maleic acid fumaric acid HOOC–CH= CH–COOH Cis/trans-but-2-enedioicacid
55. Malic acid HOOC–CH(OH)–CH 2 –COOH 2-hydroxy butane dioic acid
56. Citricacid 2–Hydroxypro pane –
1,2,3–tricarboxylicacid

57. Acetoacetic ester (AAE) CH 3 –CO–CH 2 –COOC 2 H 5 Ethyl–3–oxo–butanoate

58. Cyanogen (CN)2 Enthanedinitrile
59. Urea N H 2C O N H 2 Amino methanamide
60. Alanine CH3  CH  COOH 2-amino propanoic acid
|
NH1

61. Toluene Methylbenzene or Toluene

62. Xylene (o,m,p) (o,m,p) Dimethylbenzene

63. Mesitylene 1,3,5– Trimethyl benzene

64. Cumene Isopropylbenzene

65. Napthalene Naphthalene

66. Anthracene Anthracene

67. Phenanthrene Phenanthrene

68. Pyrene Pyrene

SN. COMMON NAME STRUCTURE IUPAC NAME

69. Dioxane 1, 4–Dioxacyclohexane

70. Trioxane 1,3, 5–Trioxacyclohexane

71. Benzyl chloride Chlorophenylmethane

72. Benzal chloride Dichlorophenylmethane

73. Benzochloride Trichlorophenylmethane

74. Benzonitrile Benzenecarbonitrile

75. (Gammexane or Lindane or 666) BHC Hexachlorocyclohexane

(Pestiside)

Cl

76. DDT CH – CCl3 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4'-chlorophenyl)ethane

Cl

77. Carbolic acid Phenol

78. Catechol Benzene–1, 2–diol

79. Resorcinol Benzene–1, 3–diol

SN. COMMON NAME STRUCTURE IUPAC NAME

80. Hydroquinone Benzene–1, 4–diol

81. Oil of bitter almonds Benzenecarbalidehyde

82. Salicyladehyde 2–Hydroxy benzaldehyde

(2–Hydrobenzene carbaldehyde)

83. Phthalaldeyde Benzene–1, 2–dicarbaldehyde

84. Cinnamaldehyde Ph–CH = CH –CHO 3-Phenyl prop-2-enal

85. Acetophenone Acetophenone or Methylphenyl ketone

86. Bennzophenone Benzophenone (Diphenylketone)

87. Aspirin 2–Ethanoloxybenzene carboxylic acid

(Acetylsalicylicacid)

88. Oil of winter green Methyl 2–hydroxy benzenecarboxylate

(Methylsalicylate)
(Minor aches and Pains)

89. Oil of mirbane Nitrobenzene

SN. COMMON NAME STRUCTURE IUPAC NAME

90. Picricacid 2, 4, 6–Trinitrophenol

91. Acetanilide N–Phenylethanamide

92. Styrene Phenyl ethene or Ethenylbenzene

93. Anisole Methoxybenzene

94. Phenetol Ethoxybenzene

95 Barbituricacid HN NH 2, 4,6-Pyrimidinetrione
(Malonyl urea)
O O

OH 1
O
C H O
96 Ascorbic acid 2
1 5 2 5-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-3,4-dihydroxyfuran-2-one)
H
2
OC

4 3
H

HO OH