The Byzantine Inscriptions of Constantinople: A Bibliographical Survey

Author(s): C. A. Mango
Source: American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 55, No. 1 (Jan., 1951), pp. 52-66
Published by: Archaeological Institute of America
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/501180
Accessed: 26-03-2015 08:27 UTC

Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp

JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content
in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship.
For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].

Archaeological Institute of America is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to American Journal
of Archaeology.

http://www.jstor.org

This content downloaded from 155.207.69.5 on Thu, 26 Mar 2015 08:27:17 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
 THE BYZANTINE INSCRIPTIONS OF CONSTAN-
TINOPLE: A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SURVEY*
C. A. MANGO

THE project of a corpus covering all Christian and in the meantime serve as a guide to the
Greek inscriptions has, since its formulation existing literature. I can claim no degree of
in 1898, been presented to congress after con- completeness as the material is very scattered
gress, and meeting invariably with approval, and there are few bibliographical aids. The only
has never been accomplished.' The principles of two that I am aware of are the brief survey by
publication and chronological limits set down R. Janin of epigraphical discoveries at Constanti-
have, however, been applied to collections of nople between 1918 and 1938,8 and the rather
inscriptions from Mistra,2 Mount Athos,3 Egypt,4 random list of Prof. Arif Mtifid Mansel in his
and Asia Minor,5 while for the south of Russia otherwise valuable bibliography of archaeological
we possess the work of V. V. Laty'ev.6 A more work in Turkey.9 As for collections of inscrip-
recent proposal by Prof. N. Bees, who had in tions, the most extensive is C. G. Curtis and S.
view the Balkans only, has so far resulted in the Aristarchis, 'AvEKdorotL irrypaCal BUvavrLiov,
(Con-
appearance of the first instalment of the Corpus stantinople 1885);1o but it must be used with
der griechisch-christlichen Inschriften von Hellas, care, especially when restitutions of missing
which deals with the Isthmus of Corinth7 on a parts are proposed.
scale that seems rather ambitious. The period covered in this article is between
The Byzantine inscriptions of Constantinople the foundation of Constantinople and its fall in
have never been brought together within the 1453. Latin inscriptions put up by the Genoese
compass of a single work. To do so would be a and other Western settlers are not dealt with; for
vast undertaking, but one of great usefulness to those that appear on the walls of Galata the
the Byzantine scholar who at present has to reader may be referred to the work of J. Gott-
refer to scores of obscure publications, often wald" as well as that of A. M. Schneider and M. Is.
unobtainable. In this article I have attempted to Nomidis,12 while the funerary monuments have
draw up a bibliography in the hope that it may been covered by E. Dalleggio d'Alessio in a series
facilitate the eventual publication of a Corpus, of articles.'3 The Greek and Roman epigraphy of

* I should like to thank those who have helped chrdtiennesde l'Asie Mineure, ler fasc. (Paris 1912).
me towards collecting material for this article, and 6 Sbornik gre'eskikh nadpisej khristianskikh vremen

in particular M. M. Is. Nomidis, Dr. A. M. Schneider, iz Yu'noj Rossii (St. Petersburg 1896).
and M. Ernest Mamboury; also Bay Muzaffer 7Edited by H. Lietzmann, N. A. Bees and G.
Ramazanoilu, director of the Ayasofya Museum, Soteriou, Bd. I: Die griechisch-christlichenInschriften
Bay Nezih Firatli and Bayan Seniha Morall, both des Peloponnesos by N. A. Bees; Lief. 1, Isthmos-
of the Museum of Antiquities, Istanbul, for many Korinthos (Athens 1941).
facilities granted, and M. Fr. Dapola for the use of 8 In
Echos d'Orient (hereafter referred to as EO) 38
his excellent library. (1939) 408-410.
1 For a brief history of the Corpus Inscriptionum
9 Tiirkiyenin Arkeoloji Epigrafi re Tarihi Cokrafyasz
GraecarumChristianarum, see the article Inscriptions igin Bibliografya (Ankara 1948) 496-499.
grecqueschretiennesin Cabrol-Leclercq, Dict. d'archdol. 10 Being the supplement to vol. 16 of the 'EXXrIWVKAS
chrNt.et de liturgie 7 (1926) col. 624. 'LXOXOoyLKS 2; XXoyos (hereafter referred to as KE cP1).
2 G. Millet, "Inscriptions byzantines de Mistra," Die Stadtmauern von Galata in Bosporus, Mitteil-
11
BCH 23 (1899) 97-156. ungen des Deutschen Ausflugs-Vereins 'G. Albert'
3 G. Millet, J. Pargoire and L. Petit, Recueil des (Istanbul 1907) 61-72.
12 Galata
Inscriptions chritiennes du Mont-Athos (Paris 1904). (Istanbul 1944) 7-14.
4G. Lefebvre, Recueil des inscriptions grecques 13 Especially "Les inscriptions latines funeraires de
chritiennes (Cairo 1907). Constantinople au Moyen Age," EO 31 (1932) 188-
d'.,gypteRecueil des inscriptions grecques
1H. Gregoire, 206.
52

This content downloaded from 155.207.69.5 on Thu, 26 Mar 2015 08:27:17 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
BYZANTINE INSCRIPTIONS OF CONSTANTINOPLE: BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SURVEY 53

Byzantium forms naturally a field apart, and add a fresh one, which seems to have escaped
includes some famous monuments like the Ser- attention. It is imbedded in the wall of a factory
pent Column, which are the subject of a consid- just outside the Yedi Kule gate and bears...
erable literature. The most important collection MNVCC .. . in very large letters.
of such ancient inscriptions is that of P. A. Of older books that deal with the inscriptions
Diethier and A. D. Mordtmann, "Epigraphik von of the Land Walls the following are essential:
Byzantion und Constantinopolis," Denkschriften A. G. Paspatis, BvavTrLval MEX6rat (Con-
der Kais. Akademie der Wissenschaften, Phil.- stantinople 1877) 34-61, where 41 inscriptions
hist. Classe 13 (1864), and among older works are given, including the enigmatic K( NC-
G. Dousa, De itinere suo Constantinopolitano TANINOV TTAAAIOAOFOVAVTOKPATOPOC
epistola (Leyden 1599) 93 f. (p. 57, no. 34).
With the exception of the Hebdomon I have A. van Millingen, Byzantine Constantinople:
omitted the environs of Constantinople from this The Walls of the City and the Adjoining Historical
survey. The Byzantine inscriptions that they Sites (London 1899) 40, 60, 69 n. 1, 79, 96, 97-
have yielded so far are mostly tombstones and of 102, 104-108, 112-113, 124, 126, 132, 168-169.
little interest. With regard to Chalcedon, the H. Lietzmann, Die Landmauer von Konstanti-
reader may be referred to the article Chalcidoine nopel (Berlin 1929) 19-27. 44 inscriptions are
in Cabrol-Leclercq 3 (1914), col. 95 and 124- given.
128. The inscriptions of the Blachernae walls have
The Museum of Antiquities at Istanbul and also been published, not without mistakes, by
the Ayasofya Museum possess a great number of Jean B. Papadopoulos, Les palais et les e'glises
unpublished and sometimes uncatalogued in- des Blachernes (Salonica 1928) 84-86. A far
scriptions from Constantinople, the greater part better edition is by Schneider and Meyer, "Die
being funerary. As it would have been impossible Landmauer von Konstantinopel," Sonderausgabe
to enumerate them all here, I have limited myself aus den Sitzungsberichtender Preuss. Akad. der
to mentioning the most remarkable ones. An arti- Wissenschaftern,Phil.-hist. Klasse 32 (1933) 12-
cle on this subject by V. Laurent is soon due to 14.
appear in the Revuedesetudes byzantines.A publi- Three inscriptions which have found their
cation of all this fresh material would greatly way into the Museum of Antiquities are given
enrich our knowledge of the field. by Mendel, Catalogue des sculptures grecques,
romaines et byzantines II, nos. 784, 785 and 786.
THE LAND WALLS The latter two had been previously edited by
The most complete collection of the inscrip- P. A. D'thier, Etudes archiologiques (Oeuvre
tions on the Land Walls, including a number of posthume) (Constantinople 1881) 33-34. An in-
previously unpublished graffiti, is that found in scription of John Palaeologus of the year 1438
B. Meyer-Plath and A. M. Schneider, Die Land- from the vicinity of the Seven Towers is in the
mauer von Konstantinopel (Berlin 1943) 123-144. Berlin Museum. See 0. Wulff, Koenigliche
Each inscription is accompanied by a bibliog- Museen zu Berlin, Beschreibungder Bildwerkeder
raphy, so I have thought it superfluous to re- christlichenEpochen, III, 2, no. 2220.
peat the same references here. A handier guide The tombstones of the Gothic foederati found
which gives the exact place of every inscription asin 1868 during the demolition -of a tower north
well as the text in facsimile reproduction is MI2N,of Sulu Kule Kapisi were partially published by
XAprT• XEPraLaO 7eris
'rELX&V KOev/- Curtis and Aristarchis, nos. 85, 86, 89, 91, 92, 93,
ecatLCvKi•7S
lrbXEWosLET7r r&T r' abrGVEr'ypa4&W2vKal r7v ritpL 94,97. But see especially Schneider in Germania21
vyavrweI7 a
vay Ya v KL oviv (Istanbul 1938). It (1937) 175-177, who comments upon the older
omits, however, the important inscription on the edition of Fiebiger and Schmidt in Denkcschr.der
gate south of the Sigma, first published by Oesterr.Ak. d. Wiss. 60 (1917) Abh. 3, nos. 273-
Schneider, who attributes it to Justinian II 278.
(BZ 38 [19381408). A furtherfragmentof doubt- Some other studies connected with the epig-
ful meaning has been discovered by O. Davies, raphy of the Land Walls, which deserve special
who gives it in JRS 36 (1946) 223. I may here mention, are the following:

This content downloaded from 155.207.69.5 on Thu, 26 Mar 2015 08:27:17 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
54 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY

(1) Dethier discovered and published a frag- that of Lietzmann was proposed by R. M.
mentary inscription between Topkapi and Dawkins in Byzantion 7 (1939) 239-940.
Mevlevihane Kapisi (Nouvelles decouvertesarchk- (8) Three Palaeologian inscriptions other-
ologiquesfaites &Constantinople [1867] 5), which wise unknown, of the emperors Manuel, John,
mentions a certain George. The rather fantastic and Andronicus, were seen by an anonymous
interpretation he proposed was corrected by Greek author in the sixteenth century. Cf.
Mordtmann, Esquisse topographiquede Constanti- BZ 21 (1912) 468, 470.
nople (Lille 1899) 15. (9) The shield of the Palaeologi with four B's
(2) Von Hammer, Constantinopolis und der around a cross, once visible at Tekfur Saray, is
Bosporos (Pesth 1892) I, p. XI, no. 27, saw the pictured by Curtis, Broken Bits of Byzantium,
following letters on an inverted stone in the pt. II, no. 67. It may be the same as the one now
lower story of the Tekfur Saray: A4cEPOY*A built into the base of the campanile of the Greek
IQANNH MEM ... They have since disap- church 7~ obbas.A similar shield in
IIava•wa -s
peared. the Museum comes from Galata (see beloxn);cf.
(3) Mordtmann, "'ErTypa~LK& EKKwKv/rbXe64w,"also the one from Yoros Kalesi on the Bosphorus
IIappvaoa6s 1 (1877) 690-691, and Meliopoulos, published by S. Toy in Archaeologia 80 (1930)
'EXey•te KaOt pl. LXXVI.
f3E #vavT~vS TLV•v •) TEwypaq5WVWrpoa-Kat
in BZ 7 (1898) 332-335 make certain corrections (10) Another shield from Tekfur Saray bear-
of Paspatis. ing the monogram of the Palaeologi was first
(4) The famous Latin inscription of Theo- published by Ismael Boulliau in his notes on
dosius over the Golden Gate is no longer extant, Ducas, ch. 37 (1649), and read TIIJxa. The
but the holes of the component letters were Patriarch Constantius, wraXaidTre
checked by Strzygowski, "Das Goldene Thor in Kpo'vravrpLLd•
2nd ed. (1844)
ait speaks of the shield
voewrTepa,
Constantinopel," JDAI 8 (1893) 8. The inscrip- as still existing. Other instances of this mono-
tion was apparently seen last by Dallaway Con- gram, which undoubtedly belongs to the Palaeo-
stantinople Ancient and Modern (London 1797) logi (as is proved by the parapet plaque in the
17, note m. Istanbul Museum, no. 724; Mendel, Catalogue,
(5) Part of an inscription of John Palaeologus, II, p. 520) are found on a capital from the
originally belonging to the walls, was found in vicinity of the Bayazit mosque (Macridy in
1918 near the church of the Panaghia in the 'ErTerpls 'ractpelas #v!arv7. 17rot,&p[1931] 333)
quarter Exi Marmara. It is published by Leh- and on two broken ciborium slabs (the first
mann-Hartleben (BNJ 3 [1929] 114 and fig. 8), published by Siderides in KE42, Suppl. to vol.
who also reprints another broken inscription of 20/91 [1892] 17 and Mendel, Catalogue,II, p. 508,
the same emperor seen by the eighteenth century the second by Macridy, op. cit. 336, and by Unger
Italian traveller Sestini (BNJ 3 [1922] 361). Cf. in AA 1916, 27).
also Gedeon, BvapvtmOv iErtLypac4v '
4
TEXEEVTala, (11) The two inscriptions of Constantine III
6 HaXat^as6 (1929) 366-369. or IV on the gate ro70'PRglovare studied and
ppyy/ptoos
(6) The painted inscriptions in Greek and restored by Gregoire in Byz. 13 [1938] 165-175.
Latin on the marble pylons of the Golden Gate A different reading is suggested by Dtilger, BZ
were first edited (quite incorrectly) by Siderides 38 [1938] 582-583. Cf. Mazzarino in Epigraphica
in KEQL, Supp. to vol. 20 (1899) 18, and then (9 Milan 1940) 302.
again (not quite rightly) by W. R. Ramsay,
Studies in the History and Art of the Eastern THE SEA WALLS
Provinces of the Roman Empire (Aberdeen 1906) Unlike those of the Land Walls, the inscrip-
967-970. An exact copy is to be found in Meyer- tions of the walls along the Sea of Marmora
Plath and Schneider, no. 9 (a and b). See also have never been collected in a convenient form.
Macridy and Casson in Archaeologia 81 (1931) Only part of them have been published ade-
72-73, figs. 3, 4 and pl. xxxIv, a (the painted quately-those between the Seraglio Point and
sundial). Ahlr Kapi. However, even with regard to that
(7) A restitution of the inscription on tower 54 sector, there is considerable doubt as to the exact
6 ebOs, •r•paXo', etc.) differing from number of inscriptions that have once existed
(XptcrT

This content downloaded from 155.207.69.5 on Thu, 26 Mar 2015 08:27:17 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
BYZANTINE INSCRIPTIONS OF CONSTANTINOPLE: BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SURVEY 55

and were reported by Western travellers. This stantinopels (Stuttgart 1858) 132; Fr. Miklosich,
is especially the case with the inscriptions of Monumenta Serbica (Vienna 1858) no. CCLIV;
Theophilus, all conceived roughly in the same Millingen, Walls 193.
terms. It is difficult to determine when a separate (7) The coat of arms of Andronicus III (ca.
inscription ought to be postulated, and when the 1317), and underneath it four medallions con-
differences in reading should be attributed to a taining monograms, appeared near the harbor
faulty copy. In most cases too the indications of of Contoscali. Curtis and Aristarchis, no. 147 and
provenance are of the vaguest kind. Who, for pl. 3, no. 18; Millingen, Walls 189.
example, could identify the facsimile given by (8) An inscription of Leo and Alexander used
Salzenberg (Alt-Christliche Baudenkmale von to be seen on a tower east of the Contoscali pier.
Constantinopel [1854] pl. xxxviim, 14) which Paspatis in KE?L) 6 (1873) 48; MEXELrac 101;
reads TTYPFOCCOO04[tXov, and is labelled Mordtmann, Esquisse 57; Millingen, Walls 186.
"Inschrift der Stadtmauer?" (9) "At the Arsenal" (Kadirga Limani?). A
I would also hesitate to say anything definite highly suspicious inscription of Theophilus re-
about two inscriptions of Theophilus which were cording the building of an arsenal is given by
seen in 1659 by the Patriarch Macarius of Thevet, La cosmographieuniverselle (Paris 1575)
Antioch (Patrologia Orientalis22 [1930] 94). II 833; repeated by Gruterus, Inscriptiones
The list I am giving here is therefore tentative. antiquae totius orbis Romani (1602) p. CLXIX,
The direction is from the Castle of the Seven 3; Du Cange, ConstantinopolisChristiana (1680)
Towers to the Seraglio Point. lib. II, 156; CIG, 8680.
(1) Over a gate of the Sea Walls quite close to (10) Inscription broken in two and serving as
the Castle of the Seven Towers is reported an side posts of a little gate near the church of SS.
inscription, now lost, of Basil II and Constantine Sergius and Bacchus. The text is taken from
IX. See Spon Voyage d'Italie, etc. (1678) III, p. the Psalter and Habakkuk. See Mordtmann,
100, no. 4; Tournefort, I, p. 180. Esquisse 55; Millingen, Walls 263.
(2) An inscription of Theophilus, also de- (11) Inscription of an emperor Constantine
stroyed, is given by von Hammer, op. cit. p. X, over the sea gate of the Bucoleon Palace. See
no. 23 as being "auf den Seemauern gegen die Mamboury and Wiegand, Die Kaiserpalliste von
sieben Thiirme." Konstantinopel (Berlin 1934) fig. 5 and pp. 7-8.
(3) On the inscription of Manuel Comnenus Fig. 8 pictures graffiti from the same gate.
at Narli Kapi, dated 1163/4, see esp. Millingen, (12) The projecting tower west of the "House
Walls 187, and Mordtmann, Esquisse 60. Also of Justinian" bears a very fragmentary inscrip-
found in an erroneous form in CIG 8734 (after tion that probably belongs to the Roman period.
Spon, III, p. 101), Tournefort, I, p. 180, von It has never been published, so I am giving a
Hammer, p. VI, no. 12. Cf. also E. Gren in copy of it, although it does not really fall within
Eranos 44 (1946) 921-222. the scope of this survey.
(4) The sixteenth century anonymous Greek
author mentions an inscription of Basil I near
Daut Kapisi (BZ 2•1 [1912] 470).
(5) An inscription of Michael (perhaps origi- N HAY
nally Theophilus and Michael III) at the en-
trance of the harbor of Eleutherius, is reproduced
TOY.ATO
The first line probably read 'AyaO^rbxv.
by Mordtmann, Esquisse 59. Cf. Oberhummer (13) Two small fragments of an inscription
s.v. "Constantinopolis" in RE 7 (1900) 983. immediately to the east of the old lighthouse
Perhaps the same as that given by von Hammer, tower reading and 4 HF (TT?). Unpub-
OY?T
p. X, no. 24 and other authors. lished.
(6) An inscription of George, despot of Serbia, (14) Somewhere between ?atladl Kapl and
dated A.D. 1448, from a tower between Yenikapl Ahlr Kaplsl an inscription of Lucas Notaras, now
and Kumkapl is now at the Museum (no. 1647). lost. Mordtmann, Belagerung 143; Millingen,
See esp. Mendel, Catalogue, II, p. 577; A. D. Walls 192.
Mordtmann, Belagerung und Eroberung Con- (15) Second tower to the west of Ahir Kapisl.

This content downloaded from 155.207.69.5 on Thu, 26 Mar 2015 08:27:17 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
56 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY

Mutilated inscription relating to a repair. See the Museum in three fragments (nos. 1654, 2476,
Millingen, Walls 187, n. 4. 2363). Inscription of Michael III referring to a
(16) A metrical inscription of Basil I on the repair executed by his uncle Bardas. See esp.
first tower to the west of Ahir Kapisi. See Millin- Mendel, Catalogue II pp. 572-4. Cf. also von
gen, Walls 186. Incomplete and mistaken Hammer, I, p. VII, no. 14; CIG 8797; Curtis
copies in Spon, III 101-2; Tournefort, I 180; and Aristarchis, no. 136; Mordtmann, Esquisse
von Hammer, I, p. VIII, no. 17; CIG 8687. 53; Millingen 185 and pl. facing p. 184; Demangel
(17) Somewhere near Ahir Kapisi. Inscrip- and Mamboury 67, n. 8. On the back of no; 9476
tions of Theophilus dated 837 and extant in the is the monogram of Christ, and on a circular
sixteenth century on three towers. See BZ 21 medallion the words KbpLe Io#OLA7T" K'@/[7L].
(1912) 471. Another inscription mentioning Bardas and
(18) Fragment reading ... PATOP ... , per- reading &br]HPETOYNTOCANAPOC LYNO-
haps of Theophilus, just north of the walled MWTATOY BAPAA MAFICTPOY was twice
up postern below the Ghilhane hospital. See published by Muratori as being "in turri palatii
Demangel and Mamboury, Le quartier des olim Constantiniani" (Novus Thesaurus veterum
Manganes (1939) 78 and fig. 91. inscriptionum [Milan 1740] II p. DCLXXXII,
(19) To the north of the above. Inscription of 5 and IV, p. MMXXI, 4). Reprinted CIG 8692.
Theophilus with the last two words reversed. (28) On a tower north of Deirmen Kapisi.
CIG 8675; Curtis and Aristarchis, no. 195; Fragment bearing abroKphr]OPOC,perhaps The-
Demangel and Mamboury 71. ophilus. Curtis and Aristarchis, no. 194; De-
(20) On the same tower as the above. Inscrip- mangel and Mamboury 11 and fig. 14.
tion of Leo and Alexander dated 906. See De- (29) Complete inscription of Theophilus on a
mangel and Mamboury in BCH 60 (1936) 208 tower just south of the destroyed Tabhane
ff.; Le quartier des Manganes 71-72 and fig. 78. mosque. CIG 8674 (where further references
(21) Fragmentary inscription of Theophilus are given); Millingen 183; Demangel and
given by Curtis and Aristarchis, no. 195 as being Mamboury fig. 13.
south of incili Kotik. It has since disappeared. (30) Near the above. Complete inscription of
(92) On the 7th tower south of Deirmen Theophilus over which is a cross with the formula
Kapisi. An inscription perhaps of Basil II and IC XC NIKA. Demangel and Mamboury fig. 19;
Constantine IX. Restored date 1006. See von Millingen 183. Perhaps the same as CIG 8673
IHammer,p. V, no. 7; CIG 8699; Millingen 187, (after von Hammer, I, p. VII, no. 13 and p. IX,
n. 4. no. 21).
(23) Beautiful inscription taken from the (31) Great inscription of Theophilus (over 18
Psalter on a marble lintel broken in two. Now it m. long) just to the north of Odun Kapisi. The
is on the inside of a walled up gate. Curtis and end is missing. See von Hammer, I, p. IV, no.
Aristarchis, no. 101; Mordtmann, Esquisse 53; 5, and p. no. 20; CIG 8672; Mordtmann,
,IX,
Millingen 258, n. 6; Demangel and Mamboury Esquisse 51; Millingen 183; and esp. Demangel
73 and fig. 84. and Mamboury 10 and fig. 11.
(24) Mutilated inscription made up of tiles on (32) From the Seraglio Point. Two fragments
the facade of St. Savior Philanthropos. See of an inscription of Theophilus, now in the
Demangel and Mamboury 51, n. 3 and fig. Museum (no. 2477). See Mendel, Catalogue, II,
53; cf. Wulzinger, Byzantinische Baudenkmiiler p. 574. Perhaps the same as Millingen 184.
zu Kpl. (Hannover 1925) 11 and fig. 3. (33) From the Seraglio Point. Fragment
(95) North of the above. Fragment reading reading Mtx]AHATTICTWN given by Curtis and
AV-TOKPA..., probably of Theophilus. Aristarchis, no. 134. Probably the same as CIG
Demangel and Mamboury 54 and fig. 58. 8678, which was seen by Spon, Wheler, Tourne-
(926)About 50 m. to the north of St. Savior fort, Chishull and von Hammer, and has been
Philanthropos. Fragment reading abToKpar] published after re-discovery by Unger in AA 1916,
WPWN+, perhaps Theophilus and Michael. 92, who also gives two small fragments, the
Demangel and Mamboury, fig. 59. one reading Oeoqlho]V TTICT[oi and the other
(27) Originally north of incili Ktijk, now in abrTOKpaTbp] N -.

This content downloaded from 155.207.69.5 on Thu, 26 Mar 2015 08:27:17 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
BYZANTINE INSCRIPTIONS OF CONSTANTINOPLE: BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SURVEY 57

(34) On the first tower to the east of the gate (7) On the walls of the Petrion: a series of
of St. Barbara. Inscription of Theophilus and nine round medallions, some bearing traces of
Michael III. Below the symbol IC XC NIKAround lettering, the meaning of which it is impossible to
a cross. Curtis and Aristarchis, no. 133. establish. Curtis and Aristarchis (no. 109 and
(35) Near the gate of St. Barbara. Von pl. 3, no. 12) propose a fanciful restoration.
Hammer (I, p. IV, no. 4, p. V, no. 8, and p. VI, Cf. also Gedeon, "Eyypafot X11oC Kal KEcpjuta
no. 10) has published three fragments speaking (Constantinople 1893) 118; MIEN, Tb IHErplov
of Theophilus who had "renewed this city." 70o KeparCovKabvrov,(1938) 25. What appears to
CIG 8679; Millingen 184. be the same set of monograms has been copied,
(36) On the west flanking tower of the gate of if somewhat freely, by the sixteenth century
St. Barbara. Inscription of Theophilus "faithful anonymous writer (BZ 21 [1912] 467). His
emperor of the Romans." See BZ 21 (1912) 468, transcription includes the names of the emperors
and cf. Th. Smith, Constantinopoleosbrevisnotitia Leo VI and Alexander.
in Opuscula (Rotterdam 1716) 75, and CIG 8677. (8-24) Curtis and Aristarchis list 16 inscrip-
tions of Theophilus, in two of which his name is
THE WALLS ALONG THE GOLDEN HORN
preceded by that of Michael II, and in five
The inscriptions of this sector of the walls succeeded by that of Michael III (see Millingen,
have never been adequately published. The only Walls 184). The one near Cubali Kapisi was also
list is that drawn up by Curtis and Aristarchis noticed by the Greek anonymous writer (BZ 21,
over sixty years ago, but a good part of what it 469). Some are very fragmentary. See Curtis and
records has since disappeared. Aristarchis, nos. 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118,
(1) West of Topkapi gate: two fragments of an 120, 121, 122, 123, 128 (pl. 1, no. 10), 129 (pl. 1,
inscription of Michael II and Theophilus. Next to no. 11), 130, 131, 132.
it was the bas-relief of a woman martyr, prob-
THE CHURCHES
ably St. Barbara, and a suppliant. See Curtis,
Broken Bits, I, no. 1; Curtis and Aristarchis, no. I. St. Sophia
111. (1) The palindrome inscription on the foun-
(2) An inscription of the emperor Julian tain, attributed to Gregory of Nazianzus (Anthol.
is to be found in Anthol.E•s Palat. 16.
ri7v Eb'evioovrbpTav 387**, Diibner, II, p. 608) is sometimes
Pal. 9.689. held to have survived the Turkish conquest.
(3) Odun Kapisi: above the gate, both on the Gruterus (Inscriptiones antiquae totius orbis
outside and on the inside was to be seen in the Romani [1602] p. MXLVII, 9) gives a woodcut
sixteenth century the legend Mv.t n Ocavarovof it and specifies "Constantinopoli, erutum
XPLO-r71.EbEL(sic) rbv 3Lov.See Preger in BZ 21 nuper in labro marmoreo," but this may have
(1912) 469; Gerlach, Tage-Buch, (Frankfurt belonged to another church as similar inscrip-
1674) 454; Thomas Smith, Epistolae quatuor tions were common. Grelot (Relation nouvelle
(Oxford 1672) 88; Mercati in Bessarione 38 d'un voyage de Constantinople [Paris 1681] 160)
(1922) 219. implies that he has seen it engraved in golden
(4) Inscription of Manuel Phakrases Canta- letters on the two great water vessels inside St.
cuzenus surmounted by a lion rampant, east of Sophia. Lethaby and Swainson (The Church of
Cubali Kapisi. See Curtis and Aristarchis, no. Sancta Sophia [1894]84,190-191), after examining
148; Millingen, Walls 191. The sixteenth century the evidence, conclude that it is not very positive.
anonymous Greek writer mistakenly reads See also S. Petrid's, "Les 'Karkinoi' dans la
'Iwvvouvrov KavTaKovTRK vo (BZ 21 [1919] 469). litterature grecque," EO 12 (1909) 88-89; E.
(5) Fragment of a marble slab west of the Gren in Eranos 44 (1946) 223-228.
Yeni Kapl reading... FVPW. See Curtis and Schneider, Die Grabung im Westhof der
Aristarchis, no. 142, and pl. 1, no. 15. Sophienkirche zu Istanbul (Berlin 1941) 30 n. 1
(6) A block inscribed with the name of St. (Istanbuler Forschungen, bd. 12) argues that the
Pantoleon, and a peacock on either side used to inscription which.the travellers saw did not be-
be seen near Aivan Saray Kaplsl. See Curtis and long to St. Sophia.
Aristarchis, no. 28; Millingen, Walls 196. (2) An inscription on a marble lintel prohibit-

This content downloaded from 155.207.69.5 on Thu, 26 Mar 2015 08:27:17 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
58 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY

ing the entry of the ungodly (? or of evil) within mosaic again, gives the inscription in his Prelimi-
the church was found near the present south-west nary Report on the First Year's Work (1933) 16
door, and removed in 1869. It is given in fac- and pl. XIX. Cf. MIEN, T& Moaait'K&
a s 'Aylas
simile by Curtis, Broken Bits of Byzantium, pt. 2oclas (Istanbul 1938) 15.
II, no. 3. See also Curtis and Aristarchis, no. (8) On the arch above the apse the letters
81; Antoniades "EKkpacLs rT~j; 'yLa loolas I BCICTTAAINin mosaic have been read by
(1907) 145; Lethaby and Swainson 188; and Antoniades (III 29-31 and fig. 574) who recog-
especially S. G. Mercati, "Pretesa iscrizione della nized in them the end of a well-known epigram
porta dell'Orologio" Bessarione 38 (1929) 901- (Anthol. Palat. 1.1). It must have been inscribed
203, who questions the restitution of Curtis. after the defeat of the Iconoclasts in 842. See
(3) The invocation of a certain Julius on a also Mercati in Bessarione 38 (1992) 204-205,
stylobate from the Theodosian atrium was found and E. H. Swift, Hagia Sophia (1940) 148. An
by Dr. Schneider in 1935 (Die Grabung im incorrect version had been given by Salzenberg
Westhof der Sophienkirche 20, no. 1). 108, and Lethaby and Swainson 978, 983, while
(4) The extremely interesting series of mono- Fossati, Relievi storico-artistici sulla architettura
grams on the bronze doors of the Horologion bizantina (Milan 1890) published one that is
was first seen by Grelot, op. cit. 121. Cf. Salzen- quite imaginary. Good photograph in The Mo-
berg, Alt-Christliche Baudenkmale von Contanti- saics of Hagia Sophia at Istanbul (The Byzantine
nopel (1854) 89, and pl. xIx; the Patriarch Con- Institute 1950) pl. 29.
stantius, BLoypaqla Kai Ivyypanal al 'EXAV•'oves, (9) A mosaic of the Virgin standing upright
(Constantinople 1866) 394. A facsimile was first and holding the infant Christ was seen on the
given by Curtis and Aristarchis, pl. III, no. 13 left hand side of the apse by Theodore Aristoclis
(reproduced by Grosvenor, Constantinople[Lon- in 1848. Around the image was a text of Luke
don 1895] II 545). They also conjectured that (1.46-48) also in mosaic. See Constantius,
was preceeded
MLxalX VLK'Trwv by OGoiAXov Ka~ v-yypaqai al EXAor-ovcs403, n. 1; Antoniades,
which was removed after the Council of 849, and III 33; MIZN, op. cit.56.
that the two medallions with MLxakX bearo-r77 (10) Under the above Aristoclis saw a mosaic of
and. Kobaov qrAO' Ivb. 6' had originally 'Iwhdvv? John Palaeologus (1341-1391) with an accom-
7raTrpLpxfl and qrj4' Iv6. P' (A.D. 838. panying inscription (loc. cit.) Cf. Antoniades,
Kb&rov
Ibid. pl. III, nos. 14, 15). This view is endorsed by III 71; MIZN, 55.
Antoniades (I 149), who also gives beautiful fac- (11) In the east part of the ceiling E. D. Clark
simile illustrations of the inscription. Cf. Lethaby saw the remains of an inscription recording the
and Swainson 269-271, and Schneider, Grabung expenditure of 50 talents of gold (Travelsin Vari-
im Westhof 7, n. 1. ous Countries [London 1812] II 35-36; reprinted
(5) The inscriptions referring to Constantine CIG 8881). Antoniades (III 66) thought that it
the Great and Justinian on the mosaic of the referred to the repair of the apse and eastern part
south vestibule have been published by Whitte- of the dome by John Palaeologus, but it should in
more, Second Preliminary Report (1936) 94-96, fact be attributed to Romanus III. The complete
and pls. xIx, xx. On details of lettering see text of the inscription is given by Du Cange,
Appendix 126-137. ConstantinopolisChristiana (Paris 1680) lib. III,
(6) Bronze hood-mould of the Royal Gate: an p. 27 (cf. MIZN, op. cit. 37-38). For a more
open gospel inscribed with a sacred text (John correct version see Mercati in Bessarione 38
10.7, 9). See Salzenberg 87 and pl. xvIIi, fig. 3; (1992) 211-216, and Mgr. Efstratiadis in 'Pcogavrs
Curtis and Aristarchis, no. 139; Antoniadis I 6 MEXw6bs, 1 (Paris 1932) 12-13.
176 and pl. xL. (12) Top of the south tympanum: a fragmen-
(7) The inscription on the mosaic picture of tary inscription mentioning "immortal wisdom."
Christ in the narthex has been first published by See Salzenberg 105; Kondakov, Tserkvi 197;
Salzenberg 100 and pl. xxviI, and after him by Antoniades, III 54; MIZN, 49; Lethaby and
Kondakov, Vizantijskija Tserkvi i Pamjatniki Swainson, 277; and in particular Mercati in
Konstantinopolja (Odessa 1886) 195; Antoniades Bessarione 38 (1925) 9~06-211.
I 167. Mr. Whittemore, who uncovered the (13) South tympanum: image of the Prophet

This content downloaded from 155.207.69.5 on Thu, 26 Mar 2015 08:27:17 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
BYZANTINE INSCRIPTIONS OF CONSTANTINOPLE: BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SURVEY 59
Isaiah holding in his left hand a scroll inscribed tarchis, no. 143; Paspatis, BvgavrnvalMEXkraL
with Is. 7.14. Underneath the word K'pt in 339 (who thought that the lettering was recent);
monogram form. See Salzenberg 105; Antoni- Lethaby and Swainson 997; Antoniades II 316-
ades, II 51; MI2N, 47. 317 and figs. 420, 491.
(14) North tympanum: image of Jeremiah (S2) A multitude of graffiti, mostly Byzantine,
holding a scroll inscribed 0 08esyC^Ov, oib have been collected by Antoniades: I figs. 197,
oro70s
See Salzenberg,
Xo~YLctaGE-raT ErTEpos rrpbs 198; II figs. 938, 955, 595, 315, 320, 360, 361, 362,
arbTv.
pl. xxx; Antoniades III 52; MIEN, 48. 363, 364, 390, 391, 399, 393, 394, 395, 396, 492,
(15) North tympanum: over the head of Jonas 493, 44, 495, 4926,427, 428 (restored incorrectly
was the fragmentary word... NTIAOC. Near by Curtis and Aristarchis, no. 145, and given
it was a foot wearing a sandal, and the remains after a rubbing by Curtis, Broken Bits, II, no.
of a white robe, perhaps of an angel. See Lethaby 16), 499, 430, 431, 439, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437,
and Swainson 977; Antoniades, III 54 and n. 187 438, 439, 440, 459, 460, 461, 469, 483, 484, 485,
completes Bvavrribos; MIEN, 48; but see es- 486, 487, 488, 489, 490, 499, 493, 494, 590, 521,
pecially Mercati in Bessarione 38 (1922) 906-9211. 522, 593, 594, 542, 543, 544, 545, 546.
(16) North central gallery: the name of Tim-
II. St. John of Studius
othy the Sacristan scratched in large letters. See
Curtis, BrokenBits of Byzantium, II, no. 8; Curtis The epitaph of the Russian monk Dionysius,
and Aristarchis, no. 105 date it from the seventh dated Sept. 1387, has been published by Curtis
century; Antoniades, II 351 and fig. 517 (fac- and Aristarchis, no. 149, and pl. I, no. 17. Van
simile after a rubbing). Millingen, Byzantine Churchesin Constantinople
(17) Same place: "Theodora of Byzantium." (London 19192)48provides an English translation.
See Curtis, Broken Bits, II, no. 7b; Antoniades,
II 352 and fig. 518. III. SS. Sergius and Bacchus
(18) Same place: inscription marking "the The great inscription in honor of St. Sergius
station of Theodora, the most illustrious pa- which runs all round the frieze of the church was
trician," not the empress of that name, as be- first published by Nicholas Alemannus in his
lieved by Diehl (Justinien [Paris 1901] 478, n. 2). notes to the Historia Arcana of Procopius (1693)
See Curtis, Broken Bits, II, no. 7a; Antoniades, p. 48 (copied from a Vatican codex), and after
II 352 and fig. 519. him by Du Cange, Constantinopolis Christiana
(19) Near the second window from the south lib. IV, p. 136. It is given also by vonrHammer,
in the western gallery the words OYTOC Constantinopolis und der Bosporos p. xii, no. 31;
COTIN, etc. (Matth. 3. 17) were seen by Dr. Salzenberg 42 (with a German translation);
Covel (1670-1677) on an image of the Descent Constantius KwvrTavrtvtLds 80; Skarlatos Byzan-
of the Holy Ghost, and OYTOC again between tios, 'H Kcovoavr-rvobroXL, I 266; CIG 8639. The
Moses and Elijah. See Lethaby and Swainson first entirely satisfactory transcription is that of
q87-988; MIEN, 34, and especially Schneider in Dethier, "Facsimile der Inschrift in der Kleinen
FreiburgerDioezesan Archiv 69 (1949) 947. Hagia Sophia," Sitrungsberichte der phil. hist.
(90) The inscriptions accompanying the re- Classe der K. Akad. der Wissenschaften(Wien) 27
cently discovered portraits of Constantine Mono- (1858) 164-173. Grosvenor, Constantinople I
machus, Zoe, John Comnenus, Irene, and Alexius 419-413 gives an English translation. See also
Comnenus are given by Whittemore, TheMosaics Pulgher, Les anciennes eglises byzantines de
of H. Sophia at Istanbul, Third Report (Oxford Constantinople(Vienna 1878) 16; Papadopoulos-
1942) 14, 17, 18, 24, 26, 97 and plates. P1. xxxvil Kerameus in Zurnal ministerstva narodnago
reproduces Fossati's drawing of the mosaic of the prosvjeicenija (St. Petersburg Sept. 1902) otd.
Emperor Alexander bearing four inscribed me- klass. filologii 433-434; Millingen, Churches73-
dallions. Cf. Schneider in JDAI 59/60 (1944/45) 74 and fig. 20 (facsimile); Ebersolt and Thiers,
col. 72-74 and pl. 24, 95. Les kglises de Constantinople (Paris 1913) 24;
(91) The epitaph of Henricus Dandolo in the Antoniades, I 12. On the manuscript tradition
south gallery has been published by Curtis, see Mercati in Rend. della Pont. Acad. Rom. di
Broken Bits, II, nos. 13, 17; Curtis and Aris- Arch. 3 (1995) 197-205.

This content downloaded from 155.207.69.5 on Thu, 26 Mar 2015 08:27:17 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
 60 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY

The monograms which occur on the capitals during the 1930 excavations, and are given by
have been studied by H. Swainson in BZ 4 W. H. Buckler in Byzantion 8 (1933) 175-176,
(1895) 106-108. and pl. Ix-x.
IV. St. Irene VIII. Kilise Camii
There are two inscriptions in mosaic on the A broken epitaph from this church belonging
bema arch. The inner one is from Psalm 65.5-6, to a monk is reproduced by Salzenberg, pl. xxxv,
while the outer one is taken from Amos 9.6 and
fig. 12.
from Psalm 39.91. A few letters have been re-
stored in painted plaster. The first edition (not IX. St. Savior Pantocrator
quite correct) is that of Bjeljaev in Vizant. Vrem- An inscription of the emperor John Comnenus
ennik 1 (1894) 781; see also 2 (1895) 177-183.
(presumably accompanying an image), and one
Corrected by Ebersolt, Jglises 68; cf. Millingen, of the empress Irene, in which she was styled
Churches95-96. The best edition is that of W. S. "second foundress," both once in the narthex,
George, The Churchof St. Eirene at Constantino- have been published by Muratori, vol. I, p.
ple (London 1912) 48-51, who also tries to restore CCLXVIII, 2; reprinted in CIG 8722.
the original text.
In the course of Bay Muzaffer Ramazanoglu's X. St. Mary Peribleptos
excavations along the south side of St. Irene, This church was ceded to the Armenians in
several fragmentary inscriptions have appeared. 1543 and burnt down in 1782.
The longest, in four pieces, speaks of Emperors
(1) The images of Michael Palaeologus (1261-
in the plural, and is perhaps of Leo III and Con-
1282), his wife Theodora, and his son Constan-
stantine V. Another, carefully incised, bears a
tine, accompanied by inscriptions, were to be
series of abbreviated words. A report is soon due seen in the refectory. Given by Muratori, vol. I,
to appear.
p. CCLXVIII, 1, and pictured by Du Cange,
V. St. Andrew in Krisei Familiae byzantinae (Paris 1680) 233. Reprinted,
The name Theophane appears on a column of CIG 8754. A Latin version of an inscription read-
the Turkish cloister. See Millingen, Churches ing: Michael in Chro deo rex et imperator,IDucas
117, fig. 69. Angelus Comnenuset novus Constantinus,is given
by W. Sahm, "Beschreibung der Reisen des
VI. The Monastery of Lips Reinhold Lubenau," 1, p. 176, in Mitt. der
(1) An inscription runs along a marble string Stadtbibliothek zu Koenigsberg 4/5 (1912/1914).
course on the apse of the north church. The (2) A representation of the founder, Romanus
letters are marked with drill holes, and were III Argyrus, was in the narthex of the church.
perhaps originally filled with lead. Published Its inscription is given by Muratori, vol. I, p.
with a few mistakes by the Patriarch Con- CCXLVII, 8; CIG 8793.
stantius, KWcvaoraLVTLas(1844) 105, and by (3) A fragmentary inscription also in the
Paspatis MEXraL 323; also by Mordtmann, narthex published by Muratori, vol. I, p.
Esquisse 72, whose restitution is, however, doubt- CDXCV, 1; CIG 8850.
ful, and more critically by Ebersolt, Eglises 919; (4) An epigram once inscribed below "the
Millingen, Churches 132 and fig. 42 (facsimile). statues" of the founders has been
('r+v oarqXw-v)
It is also discussed with respect to its date by J. published by Mercati, "Iscrizione scomparsa
Kollwitz in Roemische Quartalschrift 42 (1934) della chiesa Hepl'#XEr7ro di Constantinopoli,"
244. Rend. Pont. Ac. Arch. 3 (1995) 212--4.
(2) The remains of an inscription in mosaic
have appeared in the central church after the XI. St. Mary Pammacaristos
fire. They have not been published, and in their (1) The inscription which runs outside the
present state are quite illegible. parecclesion on a marble string course is part of
the epitaph of Michael Glabas Tarchaniotes put
VII. Budrum Camii
up by his wife Maria. An incomplete Latin trans-
Three fragmentary inscriptions were found lation appeared in the Bibliotheca sive antiqui.

This content downloaded from 155.207.69.5 on Thu, 26 Mar 2015 08:27:17 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
BYZANTINE INSCRIPTIONS OF CONSTANTINOPLE: BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SURVEY 61
lates urbi Constantinopolitanae (Argentorati 82, and is probably identical with the rather
1578) num. 1. The Greek text was first published different monogram pictured by Gerlach, Tage-
by Siderides in KEDI, Suppl. to 20/21 (1892) pl. Buch 455-456 as being outside the "church of
facing p. 28. See also Millingen, Churches 158 Aetius."
and fig. 49; Ebersolt, Eglises 229-230, and fig. (2) The epitaph of Tornikes in the side chapel
113 (specimen of lettering). The full epitaph was first published, with the exception of a few
can be seen in Carmina Philae ed. Miller, vol. I, lines which were then covered over with plaster,
pp. 117-118. by the Patriarch Constantius,
(2) A series of monograms composed of tiles (1824) 84; reprinted by Byzantios,KwvTrravr7JLdls
'H Kwovorav-
and recording the name of the founder, Michael rLvobrroXL,I 368. The complete text is given by
Glabas Tarchaniotes, appeared on the south Mordtmann in 1 (1877) 648; Pulgher,
facade of the parecclesion after the church was and Atlas HIapvaco•s
p. 38, (1880) pl. 26; Kondakov, Tserkvi
restored in 1938. See AA 1939, col. 188-194; 174-175; Millingen, Churches330 (transcription
Lampros, Nios 'EXXrlvolv7lwiv 2 (1905) 236. and English translation) and pl. xcII. An ex-
(3) The twelve prophets on the parecclesion cellent reproduction is to be found in A. Rlidell,
mosaic each hold a scroll with a text inscribed on Die Kahriye-Dschamisi in Constantinopel(Berlin
it. The legends are given by Ebersolt, Eglises 1908) pl. 13, and an equally good photograph in
243-246. Th. Schmitt, "Kahriy&-Djami," Izvestija russk.
(4) The portraits of Michael Glabas Tar- archeol. instituta v Konstantinopolje 11, Album,
chaniotes and his wife, with a commemorative in- (Mtinchen 1906) pl. LxxxIII.
scription, were seen in the sixteenth century by (3) The remains of an inscription belonging
Stephan Gerlach. Cf. Martin Crusius, Turco- to the great Deisis mosaic are given by Mil-
graecia (Basel 1584) 189; Siderides, op. cit. 20; lingen, Churches 296 n. 2. It is completed by
Millingen, Churches 140; Ebersolt, Eglises 228; Schmitt, op. cit. 38-39, who finds in it a mentioll
Laurent in EO 38 (1939) 299. of Isaac, son of Alexius Comnenus.
(5) An inscription of the curopalates John (4) An inscription scratched on a window post
Comnenus and his wife Anna Delassena, which between the parecclesion and the narthex, and
once appeared in the bema of the church, is mentioning monks, but otherwise difficult to
given by Millingen, Churches 138-139 after a decipher, is pictured by Riidell 18, fig. 33, and
MS in the theological college at Halki which pl. 9
perished in 1894. (5) The name and title of Theodore Meto-
(6) Mosaic portraits of Andronicus III Pa- chites from the mosaic in the inner narthex are
laeologus and his wife Anna with an accom- given by Paspatis, MeXE-raL330; Riidell 10, fig.
panying legend were seen in the late sixteenth 9; Millingen, Churches325.
century by Hans Jacob Breuning (Orientalische (6) A great many sacred quotations and other
Reyss [Strassburg 1612] 66). Cf. Crusius, Tur- legends are affixed to the mosaics to elucidate the
cograecia 75; Millingen, Churches, 141. subject of each composition. They have been
(7) The tomb of Alexius Comnenus bearing enumerated by Schmitt, "Mozaiki i freski
an eagle with wings outspread and an inscription Kachriye-Djamii," Izvest. russk. archeol. instituta
within an oval frame is pictured by Salomnon 8 (1903) 124-128, and can also be studied both
Schweigger, Ein newe Reyssbeschreibung auss in the text and in the album of vol. 11. The two
Teutschland nach Constantinopel und Jerusalem mystical legends "The country of the living,"
(Ntirnberg 1608) 119-120. Reproduced by and "The country of the Infinite" set beside the
Siderides, op. cit. 21-22. images of Christ and the Virgin Mary respec-
tively have been published by Paspatis, MEsX7at
XII. St. Savior in the Chora
330; Riidell, 10, fig. 8, and p. 11, fig. 11; Mil-
(1) On the western facade of the church, lingen, Churches289.
under the minaret, the two monograms of Theo-
dore Metochites have appeared again. See AA, XIII. Odalar Camii
1940, col. 591-592. One of them was seen by A capital bearing a cross and the letters
the Patriarch Constantius, KwvrravorvL&e (18924) CC, 8 ) found near this
A(12p-yLos. B6KXOS•

This content downloaded from 155.207.69.5 on Thu, 26 Mar 2015 08:27:17 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
62 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY

church, and two fragmentary epitaphs have been is considerable confusion about the word KaLvo?
published by V. Laurent in EO 35 (1936) 224- in the second line.
226. For the painted inscriptions see Shazman
in Studi bizantini e neoellenici 6 (1940) 384-385. III. The Column of Marcian
The column has been discovered by Wheler
XIV. Martyrion of St. Euphemia
and Spon, who were the first to publish it (A
The inscriptions on the frescoes are edited by Journey into Greece, etc. [1682] 191; Voyage
Schneider in AA 1941, col. 311-312, and figs. d'Italie, etc. [1678] I 225). In the second line they
23, 25, 27, and BZ 42 (1942) 181-183 (on p. both read TER EIVS VOVIT (so also Lecheval-
183 is the epitaph of a bishop of Chalcedon). ier, Voyage de la Propontide et du Pont-Euxin I
XV. Arslanhane (Church of St. John near the 159). Von Hammer, Constantinopolis und der
Hippodrome) Bosporos, p. XII, no. 29, and Salzenberg 35 have
TER VOVIT. Mommsen emended it to (Praef)-
One line reading Kard ~KvGOWvi7rTvEVU(TCa ECTVS VOVIT. See CIL III 738; Dessau 824;
was seen in this church by E. Gren in Eranos 44
OepMuOV • (1946) 926. On the pres-
Thomas v•aXaLus
Smith in 1673 (Opuscula [Rotterdam ent state of the
lettering see Ebersolt, Etude sur
1716] 1921). la topographieet les monumentsde Constantinople
COLUMNS
(1909) 3, n. 2.
I. The Column in the Seraglio Gardens
IV. The Egyptian Obelisk
I am listing it here, although it is usually
attributed to Claudius II, because some authors The two epigrams in Latin and Greek on the
ascribe it to Constantine I, and others again to base of this obelisk have passed through number-
Theodosius I. The short inscription runs less editions. See esp. A. H. M. Jones in Prelimi-
FORTVNAE REDVCI OB DEVICTOS nary Report upon the Excavations carried out in
GOTHOS, and is given correctly by Byzantios, the Hippodrome of Constantinople in 1927, pp.
1, 175, Dethier and Mordtmann, Epigraphik 792; 43-44, and Gerda Bruns, Der Obelisk und seine
CIL III 733; Mordtmann, Esquisse 50; Dessau Basis auf dem Hippodrom zu Konstantinopel
820; Fiebiger and Schmidt in Denkschr. der (Istanbul 1935) 30-39, and figs. 33-34a. A bibli-
Oesterr.Akad. d. Wissensch. 60 (1917), no. 164. ography of some of the older editions is given
It is amusing to see how many times it has been in CIG 8619 and CIL III 737 (Dessau 891). The
misread. Grosvenor (Constantinople I 386) has Greek epigram is to be found besides in Anthol.
FORTUNAE REDUCAE, Salzenberg (36) trans- Palat. 6.689 (Dtibner, II, p. 140). The special
poses OB DEVICTOS GOTHOS FORTUNAE study of A. J. B. Wace and R. Traquair, "The
REDUCI, while Dallaway, boldest of all, has Base of the Obelisk of Theodosius," JHS 29
THEODOSIO MAGNO OB GOTHOS DEVIC- (1909) 63 ff. should also be consulted.
TOS (Constantinople Ancient and Modern 21, In both inscriptions the name of the perfect
note r). Proclus has been erased and then re-engraved,
On the other side of the column is the device which is supposed to refer to his damnatiomemor-
IC XC NIKA between the arms of a cross. It iae enforced between 399 and 395. There is a
was first given by Chishull, Travels in Turkey textual difficulty: the Greek as it stands now
and back to England (1747) 46, and reprinted in reads TTPOKAOC 6TTCKCKACTO. This
CIG 8926. being ungrammatical, it was long supposed that
the original reading was IIp6XCy, which would
II. The Porphyry Column have fitted the elegiac meter. But Jones points
The inscription of Manuel Comnenus running out that should be followed by the
rmKaio1%aL
round the top of the column is to be found in accusative, in which case the inscription must
CIG 8790 (after Spon, III 109), and has also been have been unmetrical.
published by Dousa, De itinere suo Constanti-
nopolitano epistola (Leyden 1599) 39; Muratori, V. The "Colossus"
I, p. CCLXVIII, no. 4; Dallaway 113, note e; The inscription in six iambic lines is of Con-
DWthierin KEIZ 4 (1871) 28 and pl. III, 6. There stantine VII, and refers to a restoration. It has

This content downloaded from 155.207.69.5 on Thu, 26 Mar 2015 08:27:17 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
BYZANTINE INSCRIPTIONS OF CONSTANTINOPLE: BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SURVEY 63
been published correctly by Dousa, op. cit. 39, TOMBSTONES FROM CONSTANTINOPLE
Mommsen (CIL III, 1, p. 138), and more AND PERA
recently by Jones, op. cit. 44-45. The earliest Apart from several we have already mentioned
transcription, that of Gyllius (De topographia in connection with the Walls and the Churches,
Constantinopoleos [Lyon 1562] 88) errs with many more scattered gravestones have been un-
regard to word division, accentuation and line earthed in the course of time.
division, but it does give ob 'Pouav6E ira'is (for (1) The tombstone of Firmina, daughter of
ov 'Pwarts 7rais) which most of the later authors Justin II, is said to have been found near the
mistakenly emended to 6"'PEavo^v ira"h. So Th. Land Walls, and a copy of it was made. See
Smith, Constantinopoleosbrevis notitia in Opus- Dethier, Nouvellesdecouvertesarcheologiquesfaites
cula [Rotterdam 1716] 98; Gruterus, p. ' Constantinople(1867) 3 ff. See also O. Fiebiger
CLXXXVI; Dallaway 69, note e; CIG 8703. Du in Beitraege zur Geschichteder Deutschen Sprache
Cange, lib. II, p. 105, and others, read cor- und Literatur 49 (Halle 1917) 331 sq.
rectly o 'Pwluavos but unfortunately trans- (2) It is reported that the tomb of the emperor
'ras7
i; for viv Maurice and his family, inscribed with elegiac
pose KwvoaTavTrvos V .3EarbrY' Kwvaorav-
rvos beOrorbr's. verses, was extant in the sixteenth century. See
Bibliotheca sive antiquitates Constantinopolitanae
VI. The Statue of Eudoxia (1578) num. 1, where a Latin translation is given.
The base of Eudoxia's famous statue was dis- (3) Four tombstones found at Psamatia near
the church of St. Menas are mentioned in KE4Z2
covered on the site of the Augustaion in 1848
13 (1878/79) 170.
when the foundations of the Ottoman Univer-
(4) Two slabs representing gladiators, found
sity were being laid. The bilingual inscription near the
was first published by O. Frick in Archdiologischer aqueduct of Valens, were hurriedly
copied by Kondakov, Tserkvi 223.
Anzeiger 1857, pp. 89-90, and after him in CIG (5) Twelve gravestones have been published
8614, CIL III 736, and Dessau 822. See also by
Gedeon, Buva?rwLvv 'EoproX6ytov (Constan-
Kaibel, Epigr. graecaex lapidibus collectano. 921;
tinople 1899) 78-79, 101-102, 133, 209, and eight
Bjeljaev in Vizant. Vr. 1(1894) 778. An inde- more
by him in his "Eyypaqot X100o Kal KepatIta
pendent edition is that of the Patriarch Con-
(1893) 92 (also given by Leval in KEQ4,
stantius, 2vyypacal at 'EXAo-aoves 382, who, how- EIKOUMEL•v-
1888, p. 618), 93, 94, 95, 96, 197.
ever, in the second line of the Latin gives the TraE~piE
(6) Two tombstones and the lid of a sarcoph-
meaningless YG for VC (vir clarissimus), and have been published by Curtis and
PRAEFC for PRAEF. He is followed by agus
Aristarchis, nos. 83, 88, 104. They also give the
Byzantios I 462, and Paspatis, The GreatPalace
epitaph of one Stachnas (?) found at Cihangir
of Constantinople, transl. W. Metcalfe [London
(Pera), and another one of Sabbatis from the
1893] 103. Antoniadis, I 52 gives the Greek in-
Catholic church of St. Peter (nos. 87, 98). For
scription only. the latter see also Schneider and Nomidis,
The base which once stood outside St. Irene
Galata 42, who give a further epitaph of one
has now been placed in the garden of St. Sophia.
Pantoleon (p. 50, fig. 1; cf. also Errata).
VII. The Monument of Porphyrios (7) A slab with a cross and the letters A MAC,
as well as the tombstone of Polychronos from
This monument, originally in the Hippodrome Haliciolu (Pera side) have been edited by
and now in the Museum of Antiquities (no. Kouppas in KEIZ2,Suppl. to 19 (1891) 38.
2995) has been the subject of a considerable (8) Nine Christian gravestones found at Pera
literature. On the inscriptions see esp. Kaibel, near the old Russian consulate have been pub-
Epigr. gr. no. 935, Mordtmann in Athen. Mitt. 5 lished by Th. Wiegand, "Inschriften aus der
(1880) 295 ff.; Woodward and Bury in BSA 17 Levante," in Athen. Mitt. 33 (1908) 146-149.
(1910/1911) 88-94, the appendix by Woodward (9) Some of the funerary inscriptions from the
and Wace to W. S. George, The Church of St. Russian Archaeological institute published by
Eirene, 78 ff., and the recent study of Vasiliev in R. Leper in Izvest. russk. Arch. Inst. 9 (1904)
Dumbarton Oaks Papers 4 (1948) 27-50. E39, 244, 245, etc. without indication of prove-

This content downloaded from 155.207.69.5 on Thu, 26 Mar 2015 08:27:17 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
64 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY
nance, may be from Constantinople. are to be found in Demangel and Mamboury, Le
(10) Part of a sarcophagus with several in- quartierdes Manganes 128, 154.
scriptions is given by Mendel, Catalogue II (21) Three more epitaphs are published by
(1914) pp. 530-531 (Inv. no. 2755). Schneider in BZ 36 (1936) 397-398.
(11) Two tombstones from the Seraglio Point, (22) The epitaph of Prosporius found at
of which one is in verse, are given by Unger in Azapkapi in 1930 (Ayasofya Museum, no. 146,
AA 1916, col. 24-26. Museum of Antiquities, no. 4274) has been pub-
(12) The tombstone of Iordanes from the lished by Schneider and Nomidis, Galata 41, and
Greek church at Haskoiy is published by K. Leh- revised by L. Robert, Hellenica II (1946) 155-
mann in Athen. Mitt. 42 (1917) 190. 156.
(13) The sarcophagus from the Sahzade (23) Funeral stele of the janitor George and
imaret dated A.D. 351, and bearing a metrical his wife Euphrosyne, found.during the recent
inscription in Latin, is studied by Ebersolt, excavations in the second Seraglio court (church
Mission (1920) 45-49. In the same work he pub- of St. Menas ?). Photograph given by Aziz Ogan
lished ten more tombstones from the Museum of in Belleten 4 (1940) pl. LXXVII, fig. 10, and text
Antiquities (pp. 49-54, being nos. 3121, 3054, by Bittel and Schneider in AA 1943, col. 252 sq.
2166, 2788, 3009, 3011, 3100, 701, 3047, 3078). They add a late Byzantine ostracon from the
No. 3100 is the epitaph of the foederatus same place.
Sephnas. See also p. 20 for a short inscription The Ayasofya Museum possesses in addition
(+-Eo^ KXEvaous) inside a sarcophagus. the following Byzantine tombstones:
The tombstone of Amachis found at No. 155 (Museum of Antiquities, no. 4286):
(14)
no. Tombstone of Kyrillos from Ayaspaga.
Tophane (Museum 3896) has been published
and Ebersolt in BCH 46 (1992) 356- No. 160 (Museum of Antiquities, no. 4287):
by Macridy
362 and fig. 1. They also give a broken inscription Tombstone of Theophilos from Ayaspaga.
found at the same place (p. 362 and fig. 2). See No. 171 (Museum of Antiquities, no. 4148):
further the special study of Millet in Oriens Tombstone of Constantine found near Zencili
Christianus 1932, pp. 303-316. Han.
In the Byzantine room of the Museum of
(15) Two tombstones from Findikli found near
the Cihangir mosque are given by Siderides in Antiquities are the following two plaques which
do not appear to have been published:
KE2bl 32 (1911) 132-133. The first belongs to a No. 4946: Tombstone of Eumorphia found
converted Jew named Judas who became a
Christian priest; the other is without name. near the mosque of Atik Ali (Edirne Kapi).
No. 2793: Tombstone from Papa
(16) A gravestone from the Blachernae quarter Ortakhiy (Bos-
is the subject of an article by E. Alexandrides in phorus).
There are many more tombstones in the store
Nios IHotsv•5 (1993) 30-34. which I shall not attempt to enumerate here.
(17) A small fragment of an epitaph found One of the most interesting (no. 4368) is of the
near Aivan Saray Kapisi is given by Papadop-
abbot of a monastery and is dated A.D. 1069.
oulos, Blachernes (1928) 157.
Another, of the spathar Arsavir, dated A.D. 903,
(18) The monument of a Palaiologina has is published by me in Archaeology3 (1950) 140-
been published and discussed by W. H. Buckler 141.
in Melanges Schlumberger(1924) 521-526. It was
found to the west of St. Sophia. VARIOUS
(19) The fifteenth century epitaph of Anna (1) Inscription on a lead pipe found at the
Doukaina Petroleiphina from Arab Camii (Mu- base of the Delphic Serpent, mentioning a
seum no. 2928) is published by V. Laurent in patrician and prefect of the city. See O. Frick
EO 35 (1936) 920-2922. He also gives the epitaph in ArchdologischerAnzeiger 1856, 221;reprinted,
of one Leontios found on the hill above Phanar CIG 8611.
(ibid. 9223-224). (2) Once seen on a column imbedded in the
(20) Two broken tombstones from the Man- wall of a private house: inscription of the Blue
gana region (the latter in the Museum, no. 3950) faction in honor of the emperor Constantine

This content downloaded from 155.207.69.5 on Thu, 26 Mar 2015 08:27:17 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
BYZANTINE INSCRIPTIONS OF CONSTANTINOPLE: BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SURVEY 65

III (?). See Muratori, II, p. DCXXII, 2, and (17-18) Two broken slabs from the Mangana
IV, p. MCMXCV; CIG 8788. region with lettering of the late Palaeologian
(3) Fragment of an arch with the letters period. Demangel and Mamboury 154, nos. 13
C4ACC found at Bayazit and ascribed by and 14.
DWthier to the monument of Theodosius II (19) Inscription from the Cisterna Basilica
(Nouvelles decouvertesarcheologiquesfaites a Con- referring to "embellishments" (?) given by
stantinople [1867] 14 and-plate). Mamboury and Wiegand 65-66 and fig. 31 (9).
(4) Marble slab with the letters AITH[rTE, (N0) Some fragmentary inscriptions of doubt-
E]YPH in the pavement of a street. Curtis, ful meaning are given by Unger in AA 1916, col.
Broken[o-r•
Bits II, no. 53; Curtis and Aristarchis, 23-24.
no. 84.
(21) A paving stone on the road leading from
(5) Pavement slab near the fountain of Ahmet the Castle of the Seven Towers to Zeitin Burnu
III inscribed AAWP. Curtis and Aristarchis, no.
bearing the letters BACIA . . . Curtis, Broken
100. Bits I no. 53.
(6) In a private house near Yeni Cami, a slab (q2) A small fragment found near Kahriye
bearing the name Theodore. Ibid. no. 103.
Caimii, and published by Leper in Izvest. russk.
(7) Graffiti on a granite base in Uzun (arsi- Arch. Inst. 9 (1904) 248, no. 14.
ba?i street referring to a bath. Ibid. no. 141 and
(23) Fragment of an archivolt from Yali Koi6k
pl. 1, no. 14. with the words "the gift of ... " Museum no.
(8) Marble base found in Uqler street near the 2364. See Mendel, CatalogueIII, pp. 533-4.
Hippodrome with the name of the praepositus
Antiochus. Sideropoulos in KE4l, Suppl. to 19 (24) Big marble cross in the Museum (no.
2685) with the formula I X NHKA (sic) and the
(1891) 94, no. 1.
name of the Archangel Michael. Mendel, Cata-
(9) Marble column in Yerebatan Saray street
logue III, p. 534-5.
bearing the name of the domestic John. Ibid. 25,
no. 2. (25) Capital found at Bayazit, now in the
Museum (no. 942). It bears an inscription in-
(10) Invocation to the Virgin Mary from
Urucilar Hamami Sokag'. Ibid. 25-26, no. 3. voking heavenly aid to the emperor Heraclius.
Curtis and Aristarchis, no. 100; Curtis, Broken
(11) Inscription from the Blachernae, perhaps
a milestone. See Papadopoulos, Blachernes (1928) Bits II 37; Mendel, CatalogueII, pp. 533-5,
157, no. 2. (26-27) Two capitals with seraphim in the
corners. The one bears the word +AFFIOCG+and
(12) Capital found near the Seraglio Point
with the legend: "Demetrius, overseer of the other +CABAW. Both have been found
Curtis, near Qatladi Kapi (Museum nos. 925, 926). See
orphanages." Paspatis, MeX~-raL 109;
Broken Bits I, no. 3. Mendel, Catalogue II, pp. 543-6; Mamboury
(13) Marble slab found near incili KiSk in and Wiegand 23, nos. 3 and 4, and pl. XLVII.
1871. It bore the words K[cal]ro-L airaborols rov. (28) Fourteenth century plaque found in the
Paspatis, 106; Curtis, Broken Bits, I, no. ishak quarter. It bears a dedicatory inscrip-
23. MEXM•a tion ofPapa
the monk Callistus (Museum no. 1598).
(14) Site of the Great Palace: carved lintel See Mendel, CatalogueII, pp. 528-9; Mamboury
with the words a'yL]OTATOY KAI TTAN- and Wiegand, p. 53 and pl. cI, etc.
Y4H MOY. Ebersolt, Mission archeologique de (29) Marble fragment, perhaps the frame of an
Constantinople (1921) 31 and pl. xxiv, 4; Mam- icon (Museum no. 3118). Neat lettering; men-
boury and Wiegand, Kaiserpaliste 50, no. 5, and tions Michael Palaeologus. Provenance un-
fig. 19. known. See W. A. Buckler in Byzantion 3 (196)
(15) Slab found to the east of St. Sophia with 307.
the name of a presbyter. Mamboury and Wie- (30) Two small fragments from the Imperial
gand 50, no. 4, and fig. 28. Palace have been published in The GreatPalace
(16) Extremely fragmentary inscription from of the Byzantine Emperors (1947) pl. 11, fig. 6. A
the Mangana quarter given by Curtis, Broken more considerable fragment, which does not ap-
Bits I, no. 11. pear in this work, could be seen among the

This content downloaded from 155.207.69.5 on Thu, 26 Mar 2015 08:27:17 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions
66 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY

various architectural debris on the site of the no. 904). See Mendel, Catalogue II, pp. 509-4.
excavations. It read: A similar relief dedicated by the monk Con-
stantine is mentioned in KE4Q 3 (1865) 78, and 4
S.. OHOEONIKEAO...
(1865/70) 188.
... X ITAPIETAMEN ...
(3) Fragmentary inscription found in Sishane
... TTIEOAITAII-E
.. square, giving part of a date. Curtis and Ari-
(31) On a column in the Augustaion Gyllius starchis, no. 21, and pl. 1, no. 9.
read the name of Constantine the Great accom- (4) Milestone from a house in Galata. Ibid.
no. 23.
panied by a cross and the words &vroVbr&vtKa (De
topographiaConstantinopoleos111). (5) A marble slab from Hallcloglu which be-
longed to a well is noticed by Kouppas, KEQZ,
In addition, the following inscriptions are to
be seen in the garden of St. Sophia: Suppl. to 19 (1891) 37. His transcription of it has
No. 2924:Marble column. The fillet has the unfortunately disappeared.
words70 (6) Inscribed plaque from Arab Camii. See
rov epXoV.
No. 186: Column bearing three abbreviated Ebersolt, Mission, 1920, 41 and pl. xxxvI, 2.
wordsin large Palaeologiancharacters. (7) Shield of the Palaeologi of Genoese origin,
No. 145: Very importantbase inscribedwith now in the Museum (no. 973). See Ebersolt in
severalmutilatedlines of Latin and Greekverse, Milanges Schlumberger433.
mentioningthe emperorTheodosiusII. Foundin THE HEBDOMON
1930 near the Forum Tauri. See AA 1940, col.
(1) Column of Theodosius II. Its massive
590-59W,and figs. 18-20.
The Museum of Antiquitiespossessesa great base, now in the garden of St. Sophia (Museum
no. 3907), bears a mutilated inscription in Latin,
numberof miscellaneousByzantine inscriptions
and can best be studied in R. Demangel, Con-
from Constantinople,which it would be im-
tribution a la topographie de l'Hebdomon (Paris
possible to describe here. The two most im-
1945) 35-38, and figs. 21, 23. Cf. Macridy, Tb
portant are:
No. 4502: Huge inscription in 19 fragments 3OvaavrLov "E38o0ov (Athens 1938-9) 34-5, and fig.
8.
found in 1932 near (Qatladi Kapi. Too much is
(2) Marble cross found in 1922 (Museum no.
missing to extract a sense. About ninth century.
No. 4730: Bas-relief of the Virgin and Child 3909). The inscription comprised the "trisagion"
and the name of an emperor, now lost, but pre-
found in 1939 in the Sokulu Mehmet
Papa sumably that of Leo I. See Demangel, op. cit.
mosque. Two sides of the frame are inscribed.
Not unlike CIG 8706. 51-3, and figs. 36-38.
(3) Sarcophagus with a short inscription men-
GALATAAND PERA (OTHER THAN tioning the name Epiphanius. See Macridy and
TOMBSTONES) Ebersolt in BCH 41 (1922) 377; Macridy, op. cit.
67 and fig. 28.
(1) A long inscription'dated 1371/2 and made
out in the name of Neilos, Metropolitan of (4) A twelfth century plaque (Museum no.
2641) found at Haznedar Qifli'i, some 3 km. to
Larissa, was found at Tophane, and has been
the north of the Hebdomon. Perhaps a "collec-
published by Th. Preger in BZ 8 (1899) 485-488.
It calls down imprecations on anyone who will tive" epitaph from a cemetery. See W. A.
Buckler in Byzantion 3 (1926) 305 ff. and pl. v.
tamper with certain ecclesiastical property.
(2) Votive slab of the monk Paul found at ST. ANDREWS
Tophane, and representing a bishop (Museum January 1950

This content downloaded from 155.207.69.5 on Thu, 26 Mar 2015 08:27:17 UTC
All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions