SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)

Subject: TLE (TECH. DRAFTING 9 Grade: 9 Level: NC II Quarter: 3 Week: 1-2

MELC: Draft Elevations and sections Competency Code: TLE_ICTTD9-12AL-IIg-i-7

Name __________________________ Section ________ Date ________

School __________________________ District __________________________

A. Readings/Discussions:

DRAFT ELEVATIONS AND SECTIONS

An architectural elevation is a view of a building showing its height dimension. When elevations
show the exterior of a residential unit, they are simply called elevations. Interior elevations show the inside of a
building. Elevations are the exterior views of a building. They are necessary in as much as they show the height
of the building and its appearance on each side. Normally, the four elevations are sufficient to describe the
appearance of the residential building.
Elevation drawings are orthographic drawings. They show the exterior of a building. The elevation s
that part of the building that people see and observe, hence, it is the part they use to judge the structure.
Normally, the design of the floor plan precedes the designs of the elevation, because both have a continual
relationship in the entire design process. Flexibility is possible in the design of elevations, even those designed
from the same floor plan.
The designer should keep in mind that only horizontal distances can be established on the floor plan,
while that of the vertical distances such as height of doors, windows and roofs must be shown on the elevation.
As these heights are established, the appearance of the outside and functioning of heights as well as the internal
functioning of the building must be considered.

Preliminary Sketches

The location and proportion of features are very important in the drawing of elevation. Main attention is given
to the proportion of walls and openings. Some of the things to consider in the drawing of elevations are;
1. Proportion – which deals with the size and shape of areas and their relation to one another.
2. Fenestration – deals with the arrangements of windows and doors in a wall.
3. Harmony refers to all features that should harmonize to present a uniform elevation.
4. Shadows refer to a simple elevation, which can become interesting when designed to take advantage of
shadows.

Finished Sketches

The finished sketch may be carefully drawn with the use of drawing instruments. Since these are fairly
large scale drawings the exact size of all features together with their correct representation must be considered.
In the drafting of elevations, these are some of the things to consider:
1. Window and Door Size – must be chosen from a manufactures catalog which offers great variety of sizes.
The sizes must be standard that it conforms to the provisions of the building code.
2. Window and Door Representation –in elevation may be drawn simply.
3. Material Representation – may be shown by drawing only a few lines, like bricks.
4. Footings and Walls are hidden lines used to indicate location of footings.
5. Labelling views can be done in two methods by labelling it with views as in front, rear, left and right side
elevations, or by using compass orientation as in north, south, east, and west directions.
6. Dimensioning on elevations are limited to vertical dimensions are shown on the plan.
7. Changes are additions necessary after all the other drawings have been completed.
 Elevations are the exterior views of the building. The front view of the building is always referred
to as the front. The other elevations are named according to their position in relation to the front, i.e. right
elevation, rear or back elevation, left elevation.
Eave is the lower portion of a roof which extends beyond the wall.
Pitch is the term applied to the amount of roof slope, It is found by dividing the heights of the span

Elevation Projection
Elevation drawings are projected from the floor plan of an architectural drawing just as the views are projected
the front view of an orthographic drawing. All six views are rarely used to depict architectural structures,
instead only four are used. These four elevations are normally projected on the floor plan.

SAMPLE DRAWING ON HOW TO CONSTRUCT ELEVATIONS FROM THE FLOOR PLAN WITH
ROOF PLAN
FLOOR PlAN
 FRONT ELEVATION

REAR ELEVATION

LEFT SIDE ELEVATION

 RIGHT SIDE ELEVATION

ELEVATION DIMENSIONING
Dimensions on elevation show the vertical distance from a datum line, which is a reference line that
remains constant. Dimensions on elevation show the height above the datum or the ground line. Dimensioning
elevations must conform to basic standards to ensure consistency of interpretation.
Here are some of the rules in dimensioning:
1. Vertical elevation dimensions should be read from the right of the drawing.
2. Levels to be dimensioned should labelled with a note, term or abbreviation.
3. Room heights are shown by dimensioning from the floor line to the ceiling line.
4. The depth of footings (“footer”) is dimensioned from the ground line.
5. Heights of windows and doors are dimensioned from the floor plan to the top of windows or doors.
6. Elevation dimensions show only vertical distances (height). Horizontal distances (length and width) are
shown on the floor plan.
7. Windows and doors may be indexed to a door or window schedule, or the style of the windows and doors
may be shown on the elevation drawing.
8. The roof pitch is shown by indicating the rise over the run.
9. Dimensions for small, complex or obscure areas should be indexed to a separate detail.
10. Ground-line elevations are expressed as heights above a datum point.
11. Heights of chimneys above the ridge line are dimensioned.
12. Floor and ceiling lines are shown with hidden lines.
13. Heights of planters and walls are dimensioned from the ground line.
14. Thickness of slabs are dimensioned.
15. Overall height dimensions are placed on the outside of subdimensions.
16. Thickness of footings are dimensioned.
17. Where space is limited, the alternative method in Fig.38-2 can be used to show feet and inches.
SHOWN HOW TO MAKE DIMENSION TO EACH PARTS OF THE ELEVATION PLAN
PROCEDURES IN DRAFTING ELEVATIONS:

1. Lay-out the elevation very lightly using a sharp, hard pencil. Using a divider or a scale, transfer horizontal
dimensions from the floor plan. A scale of 1: 100 or 1:50 meter is used and indicated in the title block or near
the drawing. If the plan and section are drawn to the same scale as the required elevation, the floor plan may be
taped in position and dimension projected directly using triangle and T-square.
Windows and door are located horizontally by projecting from the plan, They are located vertically by
projecting from the window and door details or simply by aligning the top of the window with the top of the
door.
2. Locate the vertical distance of ceiling from floor line, ridge to ceiling line and natural ground to finished
ground line. indicate also the height of doors and windows.
3. Indicate the thickness of walls, fascia board and other materials seen on elevation and darken the lines to
highlight them.

4. Draw the elevation details and other architectural materials.

The elevation details to be included will vary depending upon the style of the house, in the case of a residence,
the following details are added:
1. roof fascia
2. roof beams
3. window representation
4. gradelines
5. material representation
6. darkened building outline
5. Indicate the dimension of the vertical distance from
the natural ground line to the floor line and the floor line ceiling, and ceiling line to ridge line.
Added elevation dimensions and notes are.
1. height of roof
2. height of other features such as masonry wall
3. heights of wall
4. roof slope indication
5. window schedule
6. title and notes indicating materials

SAMPLE FLOOR PLAN WITH LANDSCAPE PLAN

 A. Exercises: DRAWING THE ELEVATION
DRAW AN ELEVATION BASE ON THE FLOOR PLAN GIVEN.

FLOOR PLAN
Scale 1:100 meters

B. Assessment/Application/Outputs (Please refer to DepEd Order No. 31, s. 2020)

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.

1. The____________ views of the buildings are called elevation.

2. The front view of the building is always referred to as the ______________.
3. The other elevations are named according to their ___________ in relation to the front.
4. The lower portion of a roof which extends beyond the wall is called ___________.
5. ______________is the term applied to the amount of roof slope.
6. _______________________drawings are orthographic drawings.

7. The__________________may be carefully drawn with the use of drawing instruments.

8. _________________on elevations are limited to vertical dimensions are shown on the plan.
9-10 The _______________and __________of features are very important in the drawing of elevation.
D. Suggested Enrichment/Reinforcement Activity/ies:

DIRECTION: DRAW YOUR OWN FLOOR PLAN THEN CONSTRUCT THE ELEVATIONS OF
EACH SIDE. (50 POINTS)

(Use another sheet bond paper in doing this exercise and attach your work on this learning task.)

References: Drafting Technology (Competency Based Learning Material third year), 2009, pages 127-138.

Prepared by: Edited by:

RANILO S. BULA
Patao NHS, Bantayan 2

Reviewed by:
VICTOR S. UNGOD

GUIDE
For the Teacher: Advise the students to read the reading and discussion portion before they attempt to answer
the practice exercises. Going through the parts sequentially will help them easily understand the topic.

For the Learner: Read through the self-learning home task from the first part to the last part. Doing so, will help
you understand better the topic.

For the Parent/Home Tutor: Assist your child and make sure that he/she reads the self-learning home task from
beginning to end to ensure proper understanding of the concepts.