Kryotherm Catalog

Аннотация Catalog menu
Company mission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Advantages and applications

of thermoelectric devices . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Principles of thermoelectricity . . . . . . . . . 5
Thermoelectric products review . . . . . . . . 7
Coolers for industrial applications . . . . . . . 9
Miniature coolers for radio-electronics . . . 18
Multistage thermoelectric coolers . . . . . . 21
Coolers for consumer devices applications 25
Special (customized)
thermoelectric coolers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Software for TEC application . . . . . . . . . . 27
Thermoelectric generating modules . . . . 28
Thermoelectric cooling assemblies . . . . . 32
Thermoelectric power generating

sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Company profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
TEC installation instructions . . . . . . . . . . 39
1
Company mission
KRYOTHERM was founded in 1992 basing on a

large research and development institute which had designed
thermoelectric systems since the 1970’s for military and
aerospace applications. From the very beginning KRYOTHERM
have maintained a leading position in the world market of
thermoelectric modules and devices.
Now KRYOTHERM is a world-famous company designing and

manufacturing high-quality thermoelectric products.
KRYOTHERM today:
— provides full modern technological production cycle, starting

from raw materials;
— has an advanced R&D department;
— produces a broad range of products for radio-electronics,
telecommunications, medicine, science, and many other
applications;
— participates in Space and Nuclear Programs;
— has more than 500 customers World Wide;
— possesses vast knowledge and experience of modern
applications of thermoelectric modules;
— the quality management system conforms with international
standards ISO 9001:2000.
The highest priority issues for KRYOTHERM are:

— to develop and produce effective, reliable and
safe thermoelectric products;
— to perform the research expected of a leading
company to ensure the ultimate perfection of
our products;
— to provide the best service and full
engineering support to customers;
— to meet the customer’s expectations in the
most efficient way.
High quality of products, workmanship and

financial stability make KRYOTHERM a reliable
and beneficial partner.
2
Advantages and applications of thermoelectric
Аннотация devices
Thermoelectric coolers (TEC’s) are extensively used in high-
technology fields, such as telecommunications, electronics,
Space, medicine and other applications. TECs are also widely
used in consumer goods e.g. portable refrigerators, freezers,
water coolers, compact air conditioners, etc.
The use of thermoelectricity for energy Generation, for
powering stand-alone objects such as remote
telecommunication, navigation, gas and oil distributing
stations and corrosion protection of gas and oil pipes, offers
great benefits. A thermoelectric generator allows the direct
conversion of heat energy into electricity by semiconductor
thermogenerating modules.
Modern laser, optical,

and radio-electronic
devices cannot be
built without cooling
and temperature
control systems.
Presently companies
worldwide demand
compact, noiseless and
reliable equipments for
industrial cooling and
temperature control.
Thermoelectric Cooler
(TEC) is a semiconductor Heat pumping is one of typical TECs applications with cooling
capacity ranging from milliwatts up to hundreds of watts. Exact
device, based on the values depend on customer requirements.
TE cooling offers several distinct advantages compared to other
Peltier phenomena, cooling technologies:

— no moving elements, no vibration;
— environmental safety;
that meets all of the — no working fluids or gases;
— operation without any acoustic and electrical noise;
aforementioned — operation in any spatial position (zero g-sensitivity);
— easy switching from cooling to heat pumping heating mode;
requirements. — extremely small size (down to 2,7*2,7 mm and 1,65 mm
height) and weight;
— wide variety of cooling capacity – from milliwatts up to
350 W from a single TEC;
— high reliability, exceeding 300000 hours of steady-state
operation, qualified by life-tests;
3
Advantages and applications of thermoelectric
devices
— high accuracy of temperature maintaining up to 10-5 K (with
an appropriate controller);
— heat pumping direction for single-stage TEC is reversible by
changing the polarity of power supply;
— reliable operation in applications that are too small or too
sensitive for conventional refrigeration.
Freezing is another very common TECs application. Ability
to produce semiconductor materials with high merit-factor
allows KRYOTHERM to serially supply single-stage TECs with
∆Tmax up to 76K. Optimized construction and materials used in
multistage TEC’s allow us to achieve the best ΔT, e.g. up to 140K
using 4-stage TECs.
All these advantages make thermoelectric coolers highly
popular, confirmed by a growing demand for a wide variety of
KRYOTHERM components all over the world.
This catalogue
includes more than
250 types of produced
by KRYOTHERM
thermoelectric coolers
and assemblies
grouped according to
field of application.
4
Аннотация
Principles of thermoelectricity
Two basic thermoelectric effects were discovered in the Usually thermocouples are combined with a module
XIX century by European scientists. The first was Thomas where they are connected electrically in series and
Seebeck, who in 1821 discovered the phenomenon of thermally in parallel between two ceramic plates.
direct conversion of heat into electric power; the second Peltier phenomenon consists of the following.
one was Jean Peltier, who discovered a solid state heat A contact potential difference always appears at the
pump. In the period from 1940 through the 1950’s point of junction of two different metals
the Russian academic A.F. Ioffe and his colleagues or semiconductors. If the electric current
synthesized semiconductor alloys, which put passes through them the potential
these effects into practice and that enabled full- difference at the junction assists or
scale production of thermoelectric cooling and counteracts the flow. So as the current
power generating devices for wide use in various passes against the field of the potential
fields of human activity. difference the electrical source needs to
A basic thermoelectric unit is a thermocouple, expend additional energy to make the
which consists of p-type and n-type current pass through the junction and this
semiconductor elements, or pellets. Copper additional energy consumption results in
commutation tabs are used to interconnect pellets that heat energy output at the junction. If the
are traditionally made of Bismuth Telluride-based alloy. field of the potential difference has the same direction
as the current the field supports it and enforces the
movement of the charges. This energy is drawn from the
substance and as a result the temperature at the junction
cold side
is reduced.
dielectric
(ceramics) So, one side of the thermoelectric module is cooled and
the other is heated.
If the heat dissipation from the thermoelectric module’s
n-type
semiconductor conductor hot side is provided efficiently, for example by a heatsink,
(copper)
the temperature of the cold side could get down to tens
p-type
semiconductor of degrees below the ambient temperature. In case the
hot side
current changes its polarity the hot and cold sides would
invert.
5
Principles of thermoelectricity
In this catalogue the following abbreviations and definitions are used regarding thermoelectric cooling:
Abbreviations and definitions
TEC Thermoelectric cooler (module)
TEE Thermoelectric element (n-type or p-type)
∆Tmax Maximum temperature difference of TEC between the hot and cold sides at junctions (∆Tmax = Thj max - Tcj min)
Imax Value of input current through TEC, that corresponds to ∆Tmax
Umax Value of input terminal voltage on TEC, that corresponds to ∆Tmax
Value of maximum cooling capacity (heat pumping) of TEC. It is determined at maximum current through a
Qmax
thermoelectric cooler (Imax) and at zero temperature difference between the hot and cold sides (∆T=0)
Rac Electric resistance of TEC, measured at 1 kHz alternating current
1 - thermoelectric (n-type and p-type) elements;

2 – ceramic substrates;
3 – thermal grease (thermal interface);
4 – cold plate (cold side heat sink);
5 – hot side heat-sink;
6 – TEC junctions;
Tcj; Thj – temperature at the cold and hot junctions of TEE.
As it is seen from the drawing the maximum temperature

difference is achieved on the TEE junctions, and it
decreases while moving away from them at the speed
proportional to the heat resistance of the construction
elements.
Temperature gradient in the thermoelectic device
6
Thermoelectric products review
In this catalogue the following thermoelectric products are introduced:

1. Industrial application TECs (high efficiency TECs, standard,
two-section, round and rectangular TECs with a hole) are
widely used in industrial cooling and temperature stabilization
systems.
2. Coolers for radio-electronics application are used for mini
and micro coolers for temperature stabilization of microchips,
semiconductor lasers, different kinds of sensors and other
temperature sensitive electronic components and units.
3. Multistage TECs are very useful when single-stage TECs
are not able to provide the required temperature difference.
Miniature size and up to 140K temperature difference
determine the area of application as for deep freezing of small
size electronic devices (mostly sensors and CCD matrixes for
self-noise reduction). Also multistage TEСs are widely used for
deepfreeze refrigerators for medicine and scientific equipment.
4. Special (customized) TECs are designed for special
applications in case of specific requirements to TEC design and
performance.
5. TECs for domestic application are produced in big quantities
for consumer refrigeration devices (picnic boxes, mini-bars,
wine cabinets, water coolers, etc.).
6. Thermoelectric Generating Modules (TGMs) generate electric
power by direct conversion of heat flow into electromotive
force.
7. Thermoelectric assemblies (TEAs) are cooling and heating
devices, consisting of several high-density heat-exchangers
bolted together with high efficient thermoelectric coolers
between them. Their application allows the creation of
temperature control systems with operating temperatures
equal to or less than ambient temperatures with maximum
coefficient of performance (COP).
8. Thermoelectric generating assemblies (TEGAs) and complete
devices are stand-alone thermoelectric power sources,
consisting of heat source and the heat sink bolted together
with thermoelectric generating modules (TGMs) between
them.
7
Coolers for industrial applications
Designed for use in industrial systems for cooling and temperature control
Thermoelectric coolers (TEC) for industrial application Food industry:

provide high efficiency, reliability, and performance accuracy. — cooling devices for industrial production, storage and
Operation at temperature cycling conditions often requires transportation of foods;
rapid periodical changes of the temperatures of one or both — water and beverage coolers for restaurants, bars and cafes.
sides of a TEC in a wide (several tens of degrees) range and
a lifetime up to 500000 cycles. Thermoelectric modules and KRYOTHERM’s TEC’s can operate at high temperatures,
systems produced by KRYOTHERM meet all the modern pressures, humidity and in fine vacuum.
industrial standards and special requirements. The quality and
reliability of TECs are verified by numerous tests performed
according to our advanced Quality Management System. Enviromental Safety Features:
Applications: According to RoHS directive requirements, thermoelectric
coolers do not contain lead or any other forbidden materials.
General Engineering:
— electronics and telecommunications equipment cooling and
thermostabilization;
— thermoelectric cooling assemblies for electrical and
electronics cabinets;
— high speed integrated circuits cooling;
— freezers for part fixing on a worktable;
— systems for temperature control over precision machining
process equipment;
— equipment for active heat cycling for use in reliability testing
of microprocessors and microchips;
— technological liquid coolers (exchangers) for semiconductor
industry equipment;
— constant temperature baths for different technology
processes;
— climatic chambers for radio electronic components testing;
— cooling systems for industrial and medical lasers and their’s
power supply units.
Medicine equipment: KRYOTHERM produces a wide

— built-in refrigerators and conditioners for medical
equipment; range of thermoelectric single-
— temperature controlled portable containers for storage and
transportation of biological materials; stage coolers that can be used
— temperature cycling systems for genetic engineering and
PCR-diagnostics; for industrial applications.
— heat exchangers for surgery;
— devices for recovery and preventive therapy;
TEC’s that are introduced in
— cold plates and isothermal bases for pharmacy and biology.
this catalogue are able to solve
Measurement equipment:
— gas sampling dehumidifier;
most of the tasks of industrial
— blackbody radiation standard;
— dew-point sensor;
cooling and thermo-stabilizing
— oil clouding-point tester; and are subdivided by design
— heat flow probes.
to high efficient, standard,
Transport:
— refrigerators and water coolers for cars, coaches, yachts, etc.; one or two sections, round,
— local systems for driver air conditioning and climatization in
tractors and heavy trucks. square or rectangular shape
ones, with or without a hole.
8
High efficient single-stage modules
Design 1 Design 2
High efficient single-stage TECs

Imax, Qmax, Umax, ∆Tmax, Rac, Dimensions, mm
Type A W V K Ohm A B А1 В1 H
Design
30,0 30,0 30,0 30,0 1
SNOWBALL-71 3,6 36,0 16,1 71 3,2
30,0 30,0 30,0 34,0 3,6 2
STORM-71 3,6 36,0 16,1 71 3,2 40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0
1
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0
RIME-74 3,8 38,0 16,7 74 3,3 4,8
40,0 40,0 40,0 44,0 2
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 1
FROST-72 6,2 62,0 16,3 72 2,05
40,0 40,0 40,0 44,0 2
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 1
FROST-74 6,3 65,0 16,7 74 2,05 3,9
40,0 40,0 40,0 44,0 2
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 1
FROST-75 6,3 66,0 16,8 75 2,05
40,0 40,0 40,0 44,0 2
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 1
ICE-71 8,0 80,0 16,1 71 1,5
40,0 40,0 40,0 44,0 3,4 2
HAIL-71 8,0 80,0 16,1 71 1,5 48,0 48,0 48,0 48,0
1
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0
GLACIER- 1,5 6,1 76,0 20,1 72 2,6 3,9
40,0 40,0 40,0 44,0 2
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 1
GLACIER- 2,0 4,6 57,0 20,1 72 3,3 4,3
40,0 40,0 40,0 44,0 2
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0
DRIFT-2,0 4,5 69,0 24,9 70 4,0 35,0 55,0 35,0 55,0 4,4
40,0 58,0 40,0 58,0
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0
DRIFT-1,5 6,1 94,0 24,9 70 3,2 35,0 55,0 35,0 55,0 4,1
40,0 58,0 40,0 58,0
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0
DRIFT-1,2 7,6 115,0 24,6 69 2,4 35,0 55,0 35,0 55,0 3,7
40,0 58,0 40,0 58,0
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0
DRIFT-1,15 7,9 120,0 24,6 69 2,4 3,6
35,0 55,0 35,0 55,0 1
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0
DRIFT-1,05 8,6 131,0 24,6 69 2,15 35,0 55,0 35,0 55,0 3,5
40,0 58,0 40,0 58,0
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0
DRIFT-0,8 11,3 172,0 24,6 69 1,65 35,0 55,0 35,0 55,0 3,2
40,0 58,0 40,0 58,0
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0
DRIFT-0,6 15,1 229,0 24,6 68 1,25 35,0 55,0 35,0 55,0 3,1
40,0 58,0 40,0 58,0
CHILL 5,8 56,0 15,7 69 2,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 3,2
9
Standard single-stage modules
Design 1 (A=B) Design 2
Design 3 Design 4
Standard single-stage TECs

Type (Amps) (Watts) (Volts) (K) (Ohm)
Design
A B А1 В1 H
TB-127-0,8-1,5 2,0 19,1 15,7 69 5,85 25,0 25,0 25,0 25,0 3,8
TB-7-1,0-2,5 1,9 1,0 0,9 70 0,33 8,0 8,0 8,0 8,0 4,8
TB-17-1,0-2,5 1,9 2,5 2,1 70 0,85 11,5 11,5 11,5 11,5 4,8 1
14,8 14,8 14,8 14,8
TB-31-1,0-2,5 1,9 4,5 3,9 70 1,50 4,8
15,0 15,0 15,0 15,0
15,0 30,0 15,0 30,0 4
TB-63-1,0-2,5 1,9 9,1 7,9 70 3,00 4,8
30,0 15,0 30,0 15,0 3
TB-71-1,0-2,5 1,9 10,2 8,9 70 3,35 23,0 23,0 23,0 23,0 4,8 1
TB-83-1,0-2,5 1,9 12,0 10,4 70 4,15 22,0 19,0 22,0 19,0 4,8 3
30,0 30,0 30,0 30,0 1
TB-127-1,0-2,5 1,9 18,3 15,9 70 6,20 4,8
30,0 30,0 30,0 34,0 2
TB-287-1,0-2,5 1,9 40,7 35,7 69 14,00 40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 4,8
TB-7-1,0-2,0 2,3 1,3 0,9 70 0,26 8,0 8,0 8,0 8,0 4,3
TB-17-1,0-2,0 2,3 3,1 2,1 70 0,65 11,5 11,5 11,5 11,5 4,3 1
14,8 14,8 14,8 14,8
TB-31-1,0-2,0 2,3 5,6 3,9 70 1,25 4,3
15,0 15,0 15,0 15,0
10

Type (Amps) (Watts) (Volts) (K) (Ohm) A B А1 В1 H
Design
15,0 30,0 15,0 30,0 4

TB-63-1,0-2,0 2,3 11,4 7,9 70 2,50 4,3
30,0 15,0 30,0 15,0 3
TB-71-1,0-2,0 2,3 12,8 8,9 70 2,70 23,0 23,0 23,0 23,0 4,3 1
TB-83-1,0-2,0 2,3 14,9 10,4 70 3,20 22,0 19,0 22,0 19,0 4,3 3
30,0 30,0 30,0 30,0 1
TB-127-1,0-2,0 2,3 22,9 15,9 70 4,85 4,3
30,0 30,0 30,0 34,0 2
30,0 30,0 30,0 30,0 1
TB-127-1,0-1,8 2,6 24,9 15,7 69 4,35 4,1
30,0 30,0 30,0 34,0 2
TB-7-1,0-1,5 3,1 1,7 0,9 69 0,20 8,0 8,0 8,0 8,0 3,8
TB-17-1,0-1,5 3,1 4,0 2,1 69 0,50 11,5 11,5 11,5 11,5 3,8
1
14,8 14,8 14,8 14,8
TB-31-1,0-1,5 3,1 7,3 3,8 69 0,90 3,8
15,0 15,0 15,0 15,0
15,0 30,0 15,0 30,0 4
TB-63-1,0-1,5 3,1 14,8 7,8 69 1,80 3,8
30,0 15,0 30,0 15,0 3
TB-71-1,0-1,5 3,1 16,7 8,8 69 2,05 23,0 23,0 23,0 23,0 3,8 1
TB-83-1,0-1,5 3,1 19,5 10,3 69 2,40 22,0 19,0 22,0 19,0 3,8 3
30,0 30,0 30,0 30,0 1
TB-127-1,0-1,5 3,1 29,9 15,7 69 3,65 3,8
30,0 30,0 30,0 34,0 2
TB-287-1,0-1,5 3,1 67,8 35,7 69 8,50 40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 3,8
TB-7-1,0-1,3 3,6 1,9 0,9 69 0,18 8,0 8,0 8,0 8,0 3,6 1
TB-17-1,0-1,3 3,6 4,6 2,1 69 0,42 11,5 11,5 11,5 11,5 3,6
TB-23-1,0-1,3 3,6 6,2 2,85 69 0,6 30,0 5,0 30,0 5,0 3,1 4
14,8 14,8 14,8 14,8
TB-31-1,0-1,3 3,6 8,4 3,8 69 0,80 3,6 1
15,0 15,0 15,0 15,0
15,0 30,0 15,0 30,0 4
TB-63-1,0-1,3 3,6 17,1 7,8 69 1,60 3,6
30,0 15,0 30,0 15,0 3
TB-71-1,0-1,3 3,6 19,3 8,8 69 1,80 23,0 23,0 23,0 23,0 3,6 1
TB-83-1,0-1,3 3,6 22,5 10,3 69 2,20 22,0 19,0 22,0 19,0 3,6 3
30,0 30,0 30,0 30,0 1
TB-127-1,0-1,3 3,6 34,5 15,7 69 3,20 3,6
30,0 30,0 30,0 34,0 2
TB-287-1,0-1,3 3,6 78,2 35,7 69 7,40 40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 3,6 1
15,0 30,0 15,0 30,0 4
TB-63-1,0-1,15 4,0 19,3 7,8 69 1,42 3,4
30,0 15,0 30,0 15,0 3
TB-32-1,0-0,8 5,8 14,1 3,9 68 0,53 40,0 6,0 40,0 6,0 3,1 3
TB-45-1,0-0,8 5,9 20,0 5,6 68 0,73 36,0 6,0 36,0 6,0 3,1 4
30,0 30,0 30,0 30,0 1
TB-127-1,0-0,8 5,8 56,0 15,7 69 2,05 3,1
30,0 30,0 30,0 34,0 2
TB-159-1,0-0,8 5,8 69 19,6 69 3,37 32,7 41,7 32,7 41,7 3,2 4
TB-195-1,0-0,8 5,8 86,0 24,1 68 3,20 50,0 25,0 50,0 25,0 3,1 3
TB-119-1,0-0,6 7,7 70,0 14,8 68 1,48 24,0 24,5 24,0 26,5 2,15 2
TB-71-1,4-3,175 2,9 16,5 9,1 72 2,35 30,0 30,0 30,0 30,0 5,6 1
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 1
TB-127-1,4-2,9 3,2 32,3 16,3 72 3,70 5,2
40,0 40,0 40,0 44,0 2
TB-7-1,4-2,5 3,7 2,1 0,9 72 0,18 10,0 10,0 10,0 10,0 4,9
1
TB-17-1,4-2,5 3,7 5,0 2,2 72 0,45 15,0 15,0 15,0 15,0 4,9
To be continued on the page 12.
11

Design
TB-31-1,4-2,5 3,7 9,1 4,0 72 0,80 20,0 20,0 20,0 20,0 4,9 1
TB-48-1,4-2,5 3,6 13,5 6,0 70 1,25 35,0 20,0 35,0 20,0 4,9 3
20,0 40,0 20,0 40,0 4
TB-63-1,4-2,5 3,7 18,6 8,1 72 1,60 4,9
40,0 20,0 40,0 20,0 3
TB-71-1,4-2,5 3,7 20,9 9,1 72 1,80 30,0 30,0 30,0 30,0 4,9 1
20,0 40,0 20,0 40,0 4
TB-99-1,4-2,5 3,6 27,9 12,4 70 2,45 4,9
40,0 20,0 40,0 20,0 3
TB-123-1,4-2,5 3,6 34,6 15,4 70 3,20 40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 4,9 1
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 1
TB-127-1,4-2,5 3,7 37,4 16,3 72 3,20 4,8
40,0 40,0 40,0 44,0 2
20,0 40,0 20,0 40,0 4
TB-63-1,4-2,0 4,6 22,2 7,9 70 1,25 4,4
40,0 20,0 40,0 20,0 3
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 1
TB-127-1,4-2,0 4,6 45,0 15,9 70 2,50 4,3
40,0 40,0 40,0 44,0 2
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 1
TB-161-1,4-2,0 4,6 57,0 20,1 70 3,30 4,3
40,0 40,0 40,0 44,0 2
TB-71-1,4-1,8 5,1 27,9 8,9 70 1,28 30,0 30,0 30,0 30,0 4,2
TB-7-1,4-1,5 6,1 3,3 0,9 69 0,11 10,0 10,0 10,0 10,0 4,0
1
TB-17-1,4-1,5 6,1 8,0 2,1 70 0,28 15,0 15,0 15,0 15,0 4,0
TB-31-1,4-1,5 6,1 14,6 3,9 70 0,50 20,0 20,0 20,0 20,0 4,0
15,0 30,0 15,0 30,0 4
TB-35-1,4-1,5 6,1 16,4 4,4 70 0,58 4,0
30,0 15,0 30,0 15,0 3
20,0 40,0 20,0 40,0 4
TB-63-1,4-1,5 6,1 29,7 7,9 70 1,05 4,0
40,0 20,0 40,0 20,0 3
TB-71-1,4-1,5 6,1 33,4 8,9 70 1,17 30,0 30,0 30,0 30,0 4,0 1
20,0 40,0 20,0 40,0 4
TB-99-1,4-1,5 6,1 46,0 12,4 70 1,70 4,0
40,0 20,0 40,0 20,0 3
TB-123-1,4-1,5 6,1 58,0 15,4 70 2,00 40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 4,0 1
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 1
TB-127-1,4-1,5 6,1 60,0 15,9 70 2,05 3,9
40,0 40,0 40,0 44,0 2
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 1
TB-161-1,4-1,5 6,1 76,0 20,1 70 2,60 3,9
40,0 40,0 40,0 44,0 2
ТВ-241-1,4-1,5 6,1 113,0 30,0 70 3,85 55,0 55,0 55,0 59,0 4,0 2
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 1
TB-127-1,4-1,2 7,6 75,0 15,9 70 1,50 3,5
40,0 40,0 40,0 44,0 2
TB-7-1,4-1,15 7,9 4,2 0,9 69 0,085 10,0 10,0 10,0 10,0 3,6
TB-17-1,4-1,15 7,9 10,2 2,1 69 0,20 15,0 15,0 15,0 15,0 3,6 1
TB-31-1,4-1,15 7,9 18,6 3,8 69 0,36 20,0 20,0 20,0 20,0 3,6
15,0 30,0 15,0 30,0 4
TB-35-1,4-1,15 7,9 21,0 4,3 69 0,40 3,6
30,0 15,0 30,0 15,0 3
20,0 40,0 20,0 40,0 4
TB-63-1,4-1,15 7,9 37,9 7,8 69 0,75 3,6
40,0 20,0 40,0 20,0 3
TB-71-1,4-1,15 7,9 43,0 8,8 69 0,80 30,0 30,0 30,0 30,0 3,6 1
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 1
TB-127-1,4-1,15 7,9 76,0 15,7 69 1,50 3,4
40,0 40,0 40,0 44,0 2
12

Design
15,0 30,0 15,0 30,0 4

TB-35-1,4-1,05 8,6 23,0 4,3 69 0,38 3,4
30,0 15,0 30,0 15,0 3
20,0 40,0 20,0 40,0 4
TB-99-1,4-1,05 8,6 65,0 12,3 69 1,07 3,4
40,0 20,0 40,0 20,0 3
40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 1
TB-127-1,4-1,05 8,6 84,0 15,7 69 1,40 3,3
40,0 40,0 40,0 44,0 2
ТВ-49-1,4-0,8 11,3 42,0 6,1 69 0,40 20,0 20,0 20,0 20,0 3,2 1
20,0 40,0 20,0 40,0 4
TB-99-1,4-0,8 11,3 86,0 12,3 69 0,80 3,2
40,0 20,0 40,0 20,0 3
TB-7-2,0-2,5 7,6 4,2 0,9 72 0,092 14,8 14,8 14,8 14,8 4,8
TB-17-2,0-2,5 7,6 10,2 2,2 72 0,20 22,0 22,0 22,0 22,0 4,8 1
TB-31-2,0-2,5 7,6 18,7 4,0 72 0,40 30,0 30,0 30,0 30,0 4,8
TB-71-2,0-2,5 7,6 43,0 9,1 72 0,87 40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 4,8
48,0 48,0 48,0 48,0
TB-127-2,0-2,5 7,6 76,0 16,3 72 1,65 55,0 55,0 55,0 55,0 4,8
62,0 62,0 62,0 62,0
1
48,0 48,0 48,0 48,0
TB-127-2,0-1,65 11,3 111,0 15,9 70 1,00 55,0 55,0 55,0 55,0 4,0
62,0 62,0 62,0 62,0
TB-7-2,0-1,5 12,4 6,7 0,9 70 0,055 14,8 14,8 14,8 14,8 3,8
TB-17-2,0-1,5 12,4 16,3 2,1 70 0,12 22,0 22,0 22,0 22,0 3,8
TB-31-2,0-1,5 12,4 29,8 3,9 70 0,24 30,0 30,0 30,0 30,0 3,8
TB-71-2,0-1,5 12,4 68,0 8,9 70 0,52 40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 3,8
1
48,0 48,0 48,0 48,0
TB-127-2,0-1,5 12,4 122,0 15,9 70 0,95 55,0 55,0 55,0 55,0 3,8
62,0 62,0 62,0 62,0
TB-111-2,0-0,8 23,1 196,0 13,7 68 0,59 35,0 40,0 35,0 40,0 3,1 4
TB-71-2,0-1,15 16,1 87,0 8,8 69 0,40 40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 3,4
48,0 48,0 48,0 48,0
TB-127-2,0-1,15 16,1 156,0 15,7 69 0,75 55,0 55,0 55,0 55,0 3,4
62,0 62,0 62,0 62,0
48,0 48,0 48,0 48,0 1
TB-127-2,0-1,05 17,6 171,0 15,7 69 0,66 55,0 55,0 55,0 55,0 3,4
62,0 62,0 62,0 62,0
ТВ-199-2,0-0,9 20,6 310,0 24,6 69 0,87 62,0 62,0 62,0 62,0 3,2
ТВ-199-2,0-0,8 23,1 352,0 24,7 69 0,80 55,0 55,0 55,0 55,0 3,7
TB-127-2,2-1,15 19,5 189,0 15,7 69 0,58 55,0 55,0 55,0 59,0 3,5 2
TB-127-2,2-0,95 23,4 223,0 15,5 68 0,51 55,0 55,0 55,0 59,0 3,3 2
TB-31-2,8-1,5 24,4 58,0 3,9 70 0,12 40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 4,1
TB-32-2,8-1,5 24,4 60,0 4,0 70 0,125 40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 4,0
1
TB-31-5,0-1,8 64,0 149,0 3,8 68 0,047 55,0 55,0 55,0 55,0 5,3
TB-31-5,0-1,5 77,0 178,0 3,8 68 0,039 55,0 55,0 55,0 55,0 5,0
13
Two sections single-stage TECs

COLD SIDE
H
HOT SIDE
B
SECTION 1
A
SECTION 2
Design 1* Design 2**
* — design with two lead tabs and internal

serial connection of the sections;
** — design with four lead tabs and sections
connected in serial (design 2), in parallel (design
3) and without connection between the sections
(design 4).
Design 3** Design 4**
Two sections single-stage TECs

Sections Imax, Qmax, Umax, ∆Tmax, Rac*, Dimensions (mm)
Type connection type
Design (Amps) (Watts) (Volts) (K) (Ohm) A B H
1
Serial 1,85 31,8 12,2
2
TURBO-2,5
Parallel 3 36,6 70 3,1 40,0 40,0 4,8
3,7 15,9 6.2+
Separate 4
+6.2
1
Serial 3,1 31,4 7,5
2
TURBO-1,5
Parallel 3 60,0 69 1,85 40,0 40,0 3,8
6,2 15,7 3,65+
Separate 4
+3,65
1
Serial 3,6 31,4 6,5
2
TURBO-1,3
Parallel 3 69,0 69 1,6 40,0 40,0 3,6
7,2 15,7 3,2+
Separate 4
+3,2
* — For design 4 the resistance of each separate section is indicated.
14
Standard single-stage round shape modules
Design 1 Design 2
Round shape single-stage TECs

Type (Amps) (Watts) (Volts) (K) (Ohm) D d H
Design
TB-21-1,0-1,3CHR 3,6 5,7 2,6 69 0,52 15,0 3,0 3,6
TB-38-1,0-0,8CHR 5,8 16,8 4,7 69 0,64 24,0 9,8 3,1
TB-38-1,0-1,3CHR 3,6 10,3 4,7 69 1,00 24,0 9,8 3,6 1
TB-38-1,0-1,5CHR 3,1 8,9 4,7 69 1,12 24,0 9,8 3,8
TB-43-1,0-0,8CHR 5,8 19,0 5,3 69 0,70 24,0 5,0 3,1
TB-253-1,4-1,5 R 6,1 119,0 31,7 70 4,30 62,0 – 3,9 2
Rectangular single-stage modules with hole
Rectangular shape single-stage TECs with a hole

Type (Amps) (Watts) (Volts) (K) (Ohm) A B H d
TB-41-1,0-0,8CH 5,8 18,1 5,1 68 0,67 22,5 17,5 3,1 9,5
TB-41-1,0-1,3CH 3,6 11,2 5,1 69 1,10 22,5 17,5 3,6 9,5
TB-41-1,0-1,5CH 3,1 9,6 5,1 69 1,20 20,0 20,0 3,8 6,5
TB-119-1,0-1,3CH 3,6 32,3 14,7 69 3,10 30,0 30,0 3,6 4,0
TB-119-1,0-1,5CH 3,1 28,0 14,7 69 3,40 30,0 30,0 3,8 4,0
TB-119-1,0-2,0CH 2,3 21,0 14,7 69 4,90 30,0 30,0 4,3 4,0
TB-41-1,4-1,1CH 8,3 25,9 5,1 69 0,45 23,0 23,0 3,5 9,5
TB-109-1,4-1,5СН 6,1 51,0 13,7 70 1,80 40,0 40,0 4,0 13,0
TB-119-1,4-1,15CH 7,9 72,0 14,7 69 1,40 40,0 40,0 3,6 7,8
TB-119-1,4-1,5CH 6,1 56,0 14,9 70 1,90 40,0 40,0 4,0 7,8
TB-119-1,4-2,5CH 3,7 35,1 15,3 72 3,00 40,0 40,0 4,9 7,8
TB-125-1,4-1,15CH 7,9 75,0 15,5 69 1,50 40,0 40,0 3,6 4,7
TB-125-1,4-1,5CH 6,1 59,0 15,7 70 2,00 40,0 40,0 4,0 4,7
TB-125-1,4-2,5CH 3,7 36,8 16,0 72 3,10 40,0 40,0 4,9 4,7
15
Additional options
Description Notation (*) Note
Substrates material
Alumina Al2O3 (ВК-96) - Standard performance
Heat conductivity
Aluminium nitride (AlN) N > 180 W/mK
Operating and mounting temperatures
Operating temperature up to 80°С
Standard performance.
(standard); -
Melting point of TEC’s solder T=139°C
Mounting temperature ≤ 130 °C**
Operating temperature up to 120 °C, Melting point of TEC’s
HT(120)
max Mounting temperature ≤ 130 °C** solder T=139°C
HT(150)***
max Mounting temperature ≤ 170 °C** solder T=183°C (Pb-Sn)***
HT(200)
max Mounting temperature ≤ 220 °C** solder T= 232 °C
Parallelism and flatness of mounting surfaces
Flatness 0,02 mm; Standard performance.
L1
Parallelism 0,03 mm Height tolerance ± 0,05 mm
Flatness 0,015 mm;
L2 Height tolerance ± 0,025mm
Parallelism 0,02 mm
Flatness 0,01 mm;
L3 Height tolerance ± 0,015mm
Parallelism 0,01 mm
Metallization of cold and (or) hot sides
Metallization of cold (mc) and (or) hot mc95, mh95, Solder tinning (melting temperatures
side of TEC mm117 etc. 95 °C, 117 °C, 139 °C or 183 °C)
Gold plating mcAu, mhAu, mmAu 0,2-1 micron thickness
Nickel plating mcNi, mhNi, mmNi
Other standard and additional options
Sealants: epoxy, silicon, urethane,
E, S, U, Сс
conformal coating
Special performance for operation under Standard performance.
С
conditions of temperature cycling > 105 cycles +40°C /+90°C
±10% for Rac>0,15 Ohm
Tolerance of Rac value
± 15% for Rac≤ 0,15 Ohm
Tolerance of length (dimensions А, А1)
and width (dimensions В, В1) or external +0,5/–0,2mm
diameter (dimension D)
Tolerance of internal diameter
+0,2/–0,5mm
(dimension d for TECs with hole)
Lead tabs orientation for rectangular TECs - On the long side - standard
Type and length of lead wires -

(standard length 120 mm)
Assembling into arrays -

By customer’s requirements
Connectors attachment -
TEC could be mounted on heatsink, cold -

block or into a case
(*) - the notations shown are used to notate additional options in TECs name (please refer to System of Notation section below);
(**) - the maximum mounting temperature influence on the module must not exceed 2 minutes;
(***) - attention! This option does not meet ROHS requirements.
16
System of notation:
A universal abbreviation is used to notate single-stage TECs:
ТВ-N-C-h, where:
ТВ — product abbreviation — thermoelectric battery (TEC);

N — number of thermocouples in the TEC;
С — length of the edge of the thermoelectric element basis (in millimeters);
h — height of the thermoelectric element (in millimeters).
For example: TB-161-1,4-1,5 consists of 161 thermocouples (322 thermoelectric elements), every element has the cross-section of
1,4x1,4 mm and is 1,5 mm high.
Additional index ВВ in abbreviation (ТВ-N-C-h-BB) is used only for TECs with hole or/and for TECs of round shape:
CH — for rectangular TEC with a central hole (for example ТВ-43-1,0-0,8CH);
CHR — for round TECs with a central hole (for example ТВ-19-1,0-1,3CHR);
R — for round TECs (for example TB-253-1,4-1,5R).
Each type of high efficient and two-section TECs has additional individual name.
Two-section TECs with four lead tabs also have abbreviations indicating number of thermocouples in the first and the second
sections.
Examples:
1. FROST-72 HT(150) means thermoelectric cooler FROST-72, with max operating temperature of 150°С, with substrate material of
aluminum oxide (alumina).
2. DRIFT-0,8 HT(200) mmAu N means thermoelectric cooler DRIFT-0,8 with max operating temperature 200°С, with substrate
material of aluminum nitride. Cold and hot surfaces are coated with gold.
Enviromental Safety Features:

The thermoelectric coolers do not contain lead or any other forbidden materials
according to RoHS directive requirements.
17
Miniature coolers for radio-electronics
Miniature thermoelectric coolers

(TECs) are used for direct cooling
(and freezing) and temperature
stabilization of small size
temperature-sensitive electronic
components and devices. Such
TECs could be installed into
vacuum-processed cases.
Design 1 Design 2
COLD SIDE
H
HOT SIDE
B=B1
A=A1
Design 3 Design 4
Applications:
— input stages of low-noise amplifiers and receivers;
— optical communication laser diode; Coolers could be directly
— interferometer laser diode;
— microprocessors and critical microchips; integrated into the standard
— PCBs and electronic units;
— infrared detectors; devices e.g. ТО (ТО3, ТО8 etc),
— CCD- matrix, incl. night vision equipment; HHL, DIL, Butterfly or any other
— photomultipliers, photodetectors and other
temperature sensitive elements and components of electronic devices. special enclosures.

Design
TB-8-0,45-1,3 0,7 0,4 1,0 67 1,20 3,4 3,4 5,0 3,4 2,3
TB-12-0,45-1,3 0,7 0,6 1,4 67 1,80 3,4 5,0 5,0 5,0 2,3
TB-18-0,45-1,3 0,7 0,9 2,2 67 2,80 5,0 5,0 6,6 5,0 2,3 1
TB-32-0,45-1,3 0,7 1,7 3,9 67 5,00 6,6 6,6 8,3 6,6 2,3
TB-66-0,45-1,3 0,7 3,5 8,0 67 10,0 9,1 9,9 11,5 9,1 2,3
TB-7-0,6-1,5 1,1 0,6 0,9 69 0,59 4,3 4,3 4,3 4,3 3,25 2
TB-11-0,6-1,5 1,1 0,9 1,4 69 0,91 9,0 4,0 9,0 4,0 3,25 3
TB-17-0,6-1,5 1,1 1,4 2,1 69 1,50 6,3 6,3 6,3 6,3 3,25
2
TB-31-0,6-1,5 1,1 2,6 3,8 69 2,65 8,0 8,0 8,0 8,0 3,25
6,0 12,0 6,0 12,0 4
TB-35-0,6-1,5 1,1 3,0 4,3 69 3,10 3,25
12,0 6,0 12,0 6,0
3
TB-65-0,6-1,5 1,1 5,5 8,1 69 5,60 13,0 12,0 13,0 12,0 3,25
18

Design
TB-7-0,6-1,2 1,4 0,7 0,9 69 0,51 4,3 4,3 4,3 4,3 2,95 2
TB-11-0,6-1,2 1,4 1,2 1,4 69 0,75 4,0 9,0 4,0 9,0 2,95 4
TB-17-0,6-1,2 1,4 1,8 2,1 69 1,20 6,3 6,3 6,3 6,3 2,95
2
TB-31-0,6-1,2 1,4 3,3 3,8 69 2,05 8,0 8,0 8,0 8,0 2,95
6,0 12,0 6,0 12,0 4
TB-35-0,6-1,2 1,4 3,7 4,3 69 2,40 2,95
12,0 6,0 12,0 6,0 3
TB-65-0,6-1,2 1,4 6,9 8,1 69 4,60 13,0 12,0 13,0 12,0 2,95 3
TB-7-0,6-1,0 1,7 0,9 0,9 69 0,39 4,3 4,3 4,3 4,3 2,75 2
TB-17-0,6-1,0 1,7 2,2 2,1 69 0,95 6,3 6,3 6,3 6,3 2,75
2
TB-31-0,6-1,0 1,7 3,9 3,8 69 1,70 8,0 8,0 8,0 8,0 2,75
6,0 12,0 6,0 12,0 4
TB-35-0,6-1,0 1,7 4,4 4,3 69 2,08 2,75
12,0 6,0 12,0 6,0
3
TB-65-0,6-1,0 1,7 8,3 8,1 69 4,00 13,0 12,0 13,0 12,0 2,75
TB-7-0,6-0,8 2,1 1,1 0,9 68 0,34 4,3 4,3 4,3 4,3 2,55
2
TB-17-0,6-0,8 2,1 2,6 2,1 68 0,76 6,3 6,3 6,3 6,3 2,55
TB-23-0,6-0,8 2,1 3,6 2,8 68 1,45 6,0 8,5 6,0 10,5 1,95 1
TB-31-0,6-0,8 2,1 4,8 3,8 68 1,40 8,0 8,0 8,0 8,0 2,55 2
6,0 12,0 6,0 12,0 4
TB-35-0,6-0,8 2,1 5,4 4,3 68 1,70 2,55
12,0 6,0 12,0 6,0
3
TB-65-0,6-0,8 2,1 10,1 8,0 68 3,00 13,0 12,0 13,0 12,0 2,55
TB-109-0,6-0,8 2,1 16,9 13,4 68 5,00 12,0 26,0 12,0 26,0 2,55 4
TB-17-1,0-0,7 6,6 8,4 2,1 68 0,24 8,0 8,0 8,0 8,0 2,45 2
Standard and additional options for single-stage miniature coolers

Substrates material
Heat conductivity
Aluminium nitride (AlN) N
> 180 W/m.K
Operating temperature up to 120 °C (standard), Standard performance.
HT(120)
max Mounting temperature ≤ 130 °C** Melting point of TEC’s solder T=139°C
HT(150)***
HT(200)
Standard performance.
Flatness 0,10 mm; Parallelism 0,15 mm L0
Height tolerance ± 0,15 mm
Flatness 0,02 mm; Parallelism 0,03 mm L1 Height tolerance ± 0,05mm
19

Metallization of cold (mc) and (or) hot mc95, mh95, Melting temperatures
side of TEC with solder tinning mm117 etc. 95 °C, 117 °C, 139 °C or 183 °C
E, S, U, Сс Standard performance is without sealant
conformal coating
Tolerance of Rac value of :
±10%
TEE with length of the edge>0,45 mm
±15%
TEE with length of the edge ≤ 0,45 mm
+0,5/–0,2mm
and width (dimensions В, В1)
Type and length of wires -
TEC could be mounted into electronic -
enclosures e.g. ТО, HHL, DIL, Butterfly, etc. Up to customer’s requirements
Assembling into arrays
Connectors attachment
(*) - the notations shown are used to notate additional options in TEC’s name (please refer to System of Notation section below);
(**) - the maximum mounting temperature influence on the TEC must not exceed 2 minutes;
System of notation:
A universal abbreviation is used to notate single-stage miniature TECs:
ТВ-N-C-h, where:

N — number of thermocouples in the TEC;
For example: TB-109-0,6-0,8 HT(200) mmAu N denotes: thermoelectric battery (TEC), composed of 109 thermocouples (218
thermoelectric elements), each element has the cross-section of 0,6×0,6 mm and is of 0,8 mm high, ceramics plates material is
aluminium nitride. TEC can operate at temperatures up to 200°C, both ceramic plates have golden coating.

The thermoelectric coolers do not contain lead or any other forbidden material
20
Multistage thermoelectric coolers
Multistage TECs are useful when usual one-stage TECs are not
able to provide required temperature difference. Additional
stages increase achievable ΔТ but also leads to more power
consumption and reduction of efficiency of the thermoelectric
system. KRYOTHERM produces high efficient two stages TECs
with ΔТ up to 94K and unique cooling capacity up to 95W.
Optimized thermoelectric materials are used for cascades of
three and four stage TECs. It allows reaching the maximum
value of ΔТ. KRYOTHERM produces multistage TECs with ΔТ up
to 140 К, optimal dimensions and low power consumption.
Applications:
— CCD-matrix and infrared photodetectors cooling;

— hand held thermal viewer;
— x-ray spectrometers;
— blood and blood plasma transportation refrigerators;
— low temperatures thermostats;
— scientific and laboratory equipment;
— thermocalibrators;
— low noise amplifier freezers;
— oil clouding-point testers;
— ice-water coolers;
— dew point sensors.
Two stage TEC
Design 1 Design 2 Design 3 Design 4
Two stage thermoelectric coolers

Design
TB-2-(11-4)-1,5 1,0 0,4 1,3 93 1,26 6,0 4,0 4,0 2,0 6,7
TB-2-(11-4)-1,2 1,2 0,5 1,3 92 1,55 6,0 4,0 4,0 2,0 6,1 3
TB-2-(11-4)-1,0 1,5 0,6 1,3 92 0,85 6,0 4,0 4,0 2,0 5,7
TB-2-(17-4)-1,5 1,1 0,4 2,0 94 1,85 6,0 8,0 2,0 4,0 6,7
TB-2-(17-4)-1,2 1,3 0,5 2,0 93 1,50 6,0 8,0 2,0 4,0 6,1
TB-2-(17-4)-1,0 1,6 0,6 2,0 91 1,26 6,0 8,0 2,0 4,0 5,7
TB-2-(31-8)-1,5 1,1 0,9 3,6 93 3,40 8,0 10,0 4,0 4,0 6,7
4
TB-2-(31-8)-1,2 1,3 1,1 3,6 92 2,70 8,0 10,0 4,0 4,0 6,1
TB-2-(31-8)-1,0 1,6 1,3 3,6 91 2,25 8,0 10,0 4,0 4,0 5,7
TB-2-(31-12)-1,5 1,0 1,1 3,7 93 3,60 8,0 10,0 4,0 6,0 6,7
TB-2-(31-12)-1,2 1,2 1,4 3,7 92 2,85 8,0 10,0 4,0 6,0 6,1
21

Design
TB-2-(31-12)-1,0 1,4 1,6 3,7 91 2,40 8,0 10,0 4,0 6,0 5,7 4
TB-2-(59-18)-1,5 1,1 1,8 7,1 94 6,70 12,0 12,0 6,0 6,0 6,7
TB-2-(59-18)-1,2 1,3 2,2 7,1 93 5,30 12,0 12,0 6,0 6,0 6,1 2
TB-2-(59-18)-1,0 1,5 2,6 7,0 92 4,35 12,0 12,0 6,0 6,0 5,7
TB-2-(127-127)-1,3 2,8 16,1 15,4 83 4,70 30,0 30,0 30,0 30,0 8,8
TB-2-(127-127)-1,15 5,8 34,0 15,4 84 2,30 40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 8,5
TB-2-(127-127)-1,15 1
8,8 31,0 8,9 87 1,05 40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 7,5
(BULLFINCH)
TB-2-(199-199)-0,8 10,2 95,0 24,0 84 2,30 40,0 40,0 40,0 40,0 6,8
Three stage TECs
Design 1 (A=B) Design 2 Design 3
Three stage thermoelectric coolers

Design
TB-3-(31-11-4)-1,5 0,9 0,4 3,5 109 5,40 8,0 10,0 2,0 4,0 9,3
TB-3-(31-11-4)-1,2 1,1 0,5 3,5 108 4,30 8,0 10,0 2,0 4,0 8,4
3
TB-3-(31-11-4)-1,0 1,3 0,6 3,5 107 3,60 8,0 10,0 2,0 4,0 7,8
TB-3-(49-17-4)-2,5 6,3 3,3 5,3 113 0.9 36,0 36,0 8,0 14,0 16,0
TB-3-(59-17-4)-1,5 1,0 0,5 6,8 114 7,20 12,0 12,0 2,0 4,0 9,3
TB-3-(59-17-4)-1,2 1,2 0,6 6,8 113 5,80 12,0 12,0 2,0 4,0 8,4 1
TB-3-(59-17-4)-1,0 1,4 0,7 6,8 112 4,80 12,0 12,0 2,0 4,0 7,8
TB-3-(83-18-4)-1,3 3,7 2,5 10,0 118 2,35 24,0 20,6 8,7 4,5 10,8 2
22
Four stage TECs
Design 1
Design 2
Four stage thermoelectric coolers

Design
TB-4-(59-31-11-4)-1,5 0,8 0,4 6,9 118 8,90 12,0 12,0 2,0 4,0 12,2
TB-4-(59-31-11-4)-1,2 1,0 0,5 6,9 117 7,15 12,0 12,0 2,0 4,0 11,0 1
TB-4-(59-31-11-4)-1,0 1,1 0,6 6,9 116 5,95 12,0 12,0 2,0 4,0 10,2
TB-4-(83-18-4-1)-1,3 3,7 0,8 10,0 138 2,37 24,0 20,6 4,5 2,4 13,6 2
TB-4-(127-71-31-17)-1,65 6,8 14,8 14,1 107 2,05 48,0 48,0 22,0 22,0 15,0
1
TB-4-(199-97-49-17)-1,5 6,7 16,9 23,6 111 3,45 62,0 62,0 20,0 20,0 14,5
Standard and additional options for single-stage miniature coolers

Substrates material
Heat conductivity
Aluminium nitride (AlN) N
> 180 W/m.K
Operating temperature up to 120 °C (standard), Standard performance.
HT(120)
HT(150)***
23

L4
Parallelism 0,15 mm Height tolerance ± 0,35 mm
Flatness 0,02 mm;
L1**** Height tolerance ± 0,05mm
Parallelism 0,03 mm
Flatness 0,015 mm;
L2**** Height tolerance ± 0,025mm
Parallelism 0,02 mm
Metallization of cold (mc) and (or) hot mc95, mh95, Melting temperatures
side of TEC with solder tinning mm117 etc. 95 °C, 117 °C, 139 °C or 183 °C
Nickel plating mcNi, mhNi, mmNi
Сс
conformal coating
Tolerance of Rac value ± 15%
+0,5/–0,2mm
Tolerance of height ±0,35mm (standart performance)
Type and length of lead wires -
Connectors attachment -
Up to customer’s requirements
TEC could be mounted on heatsink, -
cold block or into the electronic devices
enclosure
(*) – the notations shown are used to notate additional options in the cooler name (please refer to System of Notation below);
(**) – the maximum mounting temperature influence on the TEC must not exceed 2 minutes;
(***) – attention! This option does not meet ROHS requirements;
(****) – to be agreed.
System of notation:
A universal abbreviation is used to notate multistage TECs:
ТВ-n-(N1-N2-N3-N4)-h, where:

n — number of stages in the TEC;
N — number of thermocouples in the TEC:
(N1-N2) is used for two stage TECs;
(N1-N2-N3) — for three stage TECs;
(N1-N2-N3-N4) — for four stage TECs;
h — height of the thermoelectric element of the bottom stage (in millimeters).
For example: TB-2-(11-4)-1,0 HT (200) mmAu N denotes a two-stage thermoelectric cooler with max operating temperature 200°C,
that consists of 11 thermocouples (22 thermoelectric elements) in the base stage and 4 thermocouples in the second stage, every
element has the cross-section of 1x1 mm. The TEC is made on a aluminium nitride substrate. Cold and hot sides are metallized with
golden coating.
Enviroment safety features:

The thermoelectric coolers do not contain lead or any other forbidden materials
24
Coolers for consumer devices applications
LCB TECs
High-performance equipment
application and fine-tuned
technological process allow
KRYOTHERM to produce
the modules listed below
in unlimited quantities using
a non-stop technological
process providing high
reliability and low costs.
Deliveries of TECs in quantities more than 100000 per

month could be fulfilled with further production volume
growing up to the customer required level.
Main fields of application:
— portable automobile refrigerators and picnic boxes;

— beverages and water coolers;
— mini-refrigerators and mini-bars;
— cold-plates for the kitchen;
— personal air conditioning units;
— wine cabinets and beer coolers;
— mini refrigerators for cosmetics.

Imax, Qmax, Umax, ∆Tmax, Rac, Dimensions (mm)
Type Amps Watts Volts K Ohm A B H
LCВ-127-1,0-1,3 3,6 36,0 16,1 71 3,20 30,0 30,0 3,6
LCВ-127-1,4-1,5 6,1 61,0 16,1 71 2,05 40,0 40,0 3,9
LCB-127-1,4-1,15 8,0 80,0 16,1 71 1,5 40,0 40,0 3,4
LCB-127-1.0-0,8 5,8 56,0 15,7 69 2,0 40,0 40,0 3,2
LCВ-127-1,4-2,5 3,7 37,4 16,3 72 3,2 40,0 40,0 4,8
Standard and additional options for LCB TECs

Substrates material
Alumina Al2O3 (ВК-96) - -
Operating temperature up to 120 °C, (standard) Standard performance.
HT(120)

HT(150)***

HT(200)
25

L1
Parallelism 0,03 mm Height tolerance ± 0,05mm
E, S, U, Cc
conformal coating
+0,5/–0,2mm
Tolerance of height ±0,05mm (standart performance)
Type and length of wires
- HB (polyvinylchloride insulation)
(*) - the notations shown are used to notate additional options in TECs name (please refer to System of Notation section below);
(**) - the maximum mounting temperature influence on the module must not exceed 2 minutes;
System of notation:
A universal abbreviation is used to notate LCB TECs: LCB-N-C-h, where:
LCB — product abbreviation — low-cost thermoelectric battery for mass consumption;
N — number of thermocouples in the cooler;
For example: LCB-127-1,0-1,3 consists of 127 thermocouples (254 thermoelectric elements), every element has the cross-section
of 1,0x1,0 mm and is 1,3 mm high.
The thermoelectric coolers do not contain lead or any other forbidden materials according to RoHS directive requirements.
High performance of LCB type thermoelectric coolers, produced by KRYOTHERM allows
customers to increase the rate of cooling capacity and obtain larger temperature difference
at the same environmental conditions. Thermoelectric coolers are optimized for 12V power
source and perform high cooling power at low power consumption.
Special (customized) thermoelectric coolers
Depending on customer To provide high precision temperature control temperature

sensors could be integrated inside of TEC on cold and/or
operation conditions hot junctions. All these allow KRYOTHERM to guarantee

customized requirements.
KRYOTHERM offers Special requirements examples:

additional options — high vacuum application (<10-6);
— improved mechanical (shocks and vibrations) resistance;
and structural features — low TECs height (less than 1,5 mm);
— higher cooling rate >10 K/sec;
— higher cooling power density >20 W/cm2;
for TECs with special — lower temperatures operation (<-55°C);
— higher precision temperature control;
properties and design. — flux free soldering;
— operation at hard temperature cycling conditions.
Manufacturing of such TECs besides the standard Fields of applications:
technological process usually requires additional production
steps, including additional quality control of special — Space and other special techniques;
parameters. Special properties could be also obtained by using — optoelectronics and telecommunications;
materials with special parameters (special thermoelectric — medicine;
— special computers engineering;
materials, ceramic substrates, solder and others).
— scientific apparatus.
26
Software for TEC application
The catalogue contains in-depth information about main

performances of produced thermoelectric modules, application
characteristics and product area. However, within the
bounds of the catalogue it is impossible to present detailed
performance graphs for each type of TEC. Information and
specifications for each TEC available from the company web-
site is also may not be enough for a precise choice.
A computer program “KRYOTHERM” has specially developed
for easy understanding of technical characteristics of modules
as well as for calculations of thermoelectric cooling systems is
available from our website. This regularly improved program
provides answers to the following questions most often asked
by our customers:
1. How to choose the correct TEC?
2. How many coolers are required for my task, and of what type?
3. How to calculate the most effective cooling and temperature
stabilization system?
It is necessary to input a planned way of heat removal from the
The program includes three sections. Every following section hot side of TEC, ambient temperature and object temperature,
draws on the previous one allowing the user to move from the heat released from the object (this can be additionally
simple to the complex. All sections have detailed description calculated in a separate subsection). The program draws
detailed graphs for each selected parameters, determines ∆T
of the system, temperatures of the hot and cold sides of TEC.
The results of TECs’ selection and also graphs and variants of
solutions can be printed out.
“Thermoelectric system calculation”
By use this section it is possible to create a computer model
of a particular system and to perform analysis of its operation
depending on a type and number of thermoelectric coolers,
variants of their connection, power supply, etc. (analysis). The
main purpose of the calculations is to find the temperature of the
cooled object, for example, the temperature inside of the camera
of a thermoelectric fridge. Besides the said facilities “KRYOTHERM”
software offers algorithms for calculation of thermal insulation and
heat exchanger parameters. The program calculations are based
on the most important parameters of the cooling system’s elements:
(HELP). Given examples of calculations allow the quick learning

of the main programs’ capabilities.
“Performance Graphs”
There are eight graphs for each type of TECs that are: cooling
capacity, efficiency factor, voltage of temperature difference,
volt-ampere characteristic, cooling capacity characteristic and
СОР for different values of current and voltage. Each diagram
consists of four graphs for different conditions (e.g. for 0,25
Imax; 0,5 Imax, 0,75 Imax and 1,0 Imax). The user can arbitrarily
determine the coefficients along with the temperature of the
hot side of TEC. According to entered data the program draws
graphs and calculates key parameters (Imax, Umax, Qmax,
∆Tmax) in numerical value. The results of calculations (including
intermediate) can be printed out. — type, quantity of modules and electric scheme of the
connection (that could be determined from previous parts of
“Choice of Modules” the program);
— insulation thermal resistance (the program offers the values
This section helps to select optimal parameters of the system of common materials);
for the cooling object defined by thermal characteristics of — type of cooling (Natural, Forced, Flow) on the hot and cold
assembly materials, form and dimensions of the cabinet, type sides;
of thermoinsulation, way of heat removal, heat produced by — active heat released at the object;
the object etc.) — ambient temperature value;
On the ground of calculated data the user gets an opportunity — voltage or current of the power supply.
to select the optimal type and number of thermoelectric Optional algorithms may be used for initial data calculations
coolers. This selection can be optimized by different parameters and independent thermo physical calculations (calculations of
(the efficiency, costs). heat sinks design, required insulation, etc.).
27
Thermoelectric Generating modules
With thermoelectric hot side
generating modules (TGM),

dielectric
(ceramics)
produced by KRYOTHERM,
is possible to get up to p-type
semiconductor
n-type
conductor
several watts DC with semiconductor

cold side
voltage up to 6V from one Thermoelectric Generating Module drawing

TGM at a temperature and structure
difference between it’s hot

and cold sides of 100°С.
Applications:
— utilization of waste heat from vehicles (automobiles,
ships) engines;
— autonomic supply of energy to operation control
devices of water boilers and disposal plants;
— cathodic protection of the oil and gas pipelines;
— conversion of natural heat resources — geothermal
waters, etc. into electric energy;
— power supply of stand-alone low-power electronic
devices (Energy Harvesting).
28
Abbreviations and definitions

TGM Thermoelectric generating module
Rac Electric resistance of TGM, for specified temperature range at 1 kHz AC
Rac at 22°С Electric resistance of TGM, measured at 295K (22°С) at 1 kHz AC
Rt Thermal resistance of TGM for specified temperature range
Ri Value of internal electric resistance of TGM at working temperature
I Value of output current with load resistance RL =Ri
U Value of output voltage with load resistance RL =Ri
P Value of output electrical power with load resistor RL =Ri
η Efficiency of TGM with load resistand RL =Ri (show TGM performance)
Note: TGM’s indicated parameters include temperature losses in the ceramic plates and the 30 microns layer of heat conductive
silicon oil at hot and cold sides.
Medium temperature Generating modules Mars series

Overall dimensions, mm Fitting dimensions, mm Тcold side=75°С Тhot side=500°С
Type
А В C А1 В1 C1 Ri*, Оhm P, W Performance, %
Mars-40 259 92 12,4 171 68 12,4 0,7 42 6,7
Ri* – module’s internal resistance at Ri=RL , where RL– electrical resistance load.
The compression force is 10 tons.
Warranty period under the working temperature Thot side=500ºC – 10 years.
Thermoelectric generating modules

Dimensions, mm Rac at U I P η
Rac, Rt,
Type Ohm 22°С, К/W
А В Н Ohm Volts Аmps Watts %
Тcold side = 30°С; Т hot side = 200°С (maximum working temperature)
TGM-127-1,0-0,8 30 30 3,1 1,84 1,29 1,69 3,00 1,66 5,1 4,7
TGM-127-1,0-1,3 30 30 3,6 3,00 2,1 2,7 3,4 1,12 3,8 5,1
TGM-127-1,0-2,5 30 30 4,8 5,8 4,0 5,0 3,7 0,63 2,3 5,4
TGM-127-1,4-0,8 40 40 3,1 0,95 0,66 0,87 3,00 3,1 9,4 4,6
TGM-127-1,4-1,2 40 40 3,5 1,42 0,49 1,28 3,3 2,3 7,5 4,9
TGM-127-1,4-1,5 40 40 3,9 1,89 1,31 1,69 3,4 1,81 6,2 5,1
TGM-127-1,4-2,0 40 40 4,3 2,4 1,64 2,1 3,5 1,5 5,3 5,3
TGM-127-1,4-2,5 40 40 4,8 3,0 2,0 2,6 3,6 1,23 4,5 5,4
TGM-127-2,0-1,3 48 48 3,6 0,75 0,53 0,69 3,1 4,1 12,6 4,7
TGM-199-1,4-0,8 40 40 3,2 1,46 1,03 0,57 4,1 2,8 11,4 4,1
TGM-199-1,4-1,15 40 40 3,6 2,1 1,48 0,81 4,6 2,2 10,0 4,6
TGM-199-1,4-1,2 40 40 3,7 2,2 1,54 0,84 4,6 2,1 9,8 4,6
TGM-199-1,4-1,5 40 40 4,1 2,9 2,0 1,12 5,0 1,69 8,4 4,9
TGM-199-1,4-2,0 40 40 4,4 3,7 2,6 1,39 5,2 1,41 7,3 5,1
TGM-199-1,4-2,5 40 40 4,9 4,6 3,2 1,72 5,4 1,17 6,3 5,2
TGM-199-1,4-3,5 40 40 6,0 6,5 4,5 2,4 5,6 0,87 4,9 5,4
TGM-253-1,4-1,5R d 61 - 3,9 3,8 2,6 0,85 6,8 1,8 12,2 5,1
TGM-254-1,0-1,3 40 40 3,6 6,0 4,2 1,36 6,6 1,1 7,3 5,0
TGM-287-1,0-1,3 40 40 3,6 6,7 4,7 1,21 7,3 1,08 7,9 4,9
TGM-287-1,0-1,5 40 40 3,8 7,8 5,4 1,39 7,5 0,96 7,2 5,0
TGM-287-1,0-2,5 40 40 4,8 13,0 9,0 2,3 8,1 0,62 5,0 5,3
29
Thermoelectric generating modules

Dimensions, mm Rac at U I P η
Rac, Rt,
Type Ohm 22°С, К/W
А В Н Ohm Volts Аmps Watts %
Тcold side = 50°С; Т hot side = 150°С (maximum working temperature)
TGM-127-1,0-0,8 30 30 3,1 1,76 1,29 1,72 1,83 1,04 1,9 3,0
TGM-127-1,0-1,3 30 30 3,6 2,9 2,1 2,8 2,0 0,7 1,41 3,2
TGM-127-1,0-2,5 30 30 4,8 5,5 4,0 5,2 2,2 0,4 0,86 3,4
TGM-127-1,4-0,8 40 40 3,1 0,91 0,66 0,88 1,79 1,97 3,5 2,9
TGM-127-1,4-1,2 40 40 3,5 1,35 0,99 1,31 1,95 1,44 2,8 3,1
TGM-127-1,4-1,5 40 40 3,9 1,8 1,31 1,73 2,0 1,13 2,3 3,3
TGM-127-1,4-2,0 40 40 4,3 2,2 1,64 2,2 2,1 0,94 1,96 3,4
TGM-127-1,4-2,5 40 40 4,8 2,8 2,0 2,7 2,1 0,77 1,65 3,4
TGM-127-2,0-1,3 48 48 3,6 0,72 0,53 0,71 1,85 2,6 4,7 3,0
TGM-199-1,4-0,8 40 40 3,2 1,41 1,03 0,57 2,5 1,75 4,3 2,6
TGM-199-1,4-1,15 40 40 3,6 2,0 1,48 0,82 2,7 1,36 3,7 2,9
TGM-199-1,4-1,2 40 40 3,7 2,1 1,54 0,86 2,8 1,32 3,7 2,9
TGM-199-1,4-1,5 40 40 4,1 2,8 2,0 1,14 3,0 1,06 3,1 3,1
TGM-199-1,4-2,0 40 40 4,4 3,5 2,6 1,41 3,1 0,88 2,7 3,2
TGM-199-1,4-2,5 40 40 4,9 4,4 3,2 1,76 3,2 0,73 2,3 3,3
TGM-199-1,4-3,5 40 40 6,0 6,1 4,5 2,5 3,3 0,54 1,82 3,5
TGM-253-1,4-1,5R d 61 - 3,9 3,6 2,6 0,87 4,0 1,13 4,5 3,3
TGM-254-1,0-1,3 40 40 3,6 5,7 4,2 1,39 3,9 0,69 2,7 3,2
TGM-287-1,0-1,3 40 40 3,6 6,4 4,7 1,24 4,3 0,68 2,9 3,1
TGM-287-1,0-1,5 40 40 3,8 7,4 5,4 1,42 4,5 0,6 2,7 3,2
TGM-287-1,0-2,5 40 40 4,8 12,4 9,0 2,3 4,8 0,39 1,85 3,4
Тcold side= 50°С; Т hot side= 280°С (maximum working temperature)*
TGM-31-2,8-2,0 40 40 4,5 0,15 0,08 2,0 0,8 5,2 4,2 4,1
TGM-49-2,8-2,0 40 40 4,5 0,24 0,12 1,3 1,12 4,6 5,2 3,7
TGM-31-2,8-3,5 40 40 6,0 0,27 0,13 3,5 0,89 3,3 2,9 4,5
TGM-49-2,8-3,5 40 40 6,0 0,43 0,21 2,2 1,3 3,0 4,0 4,2
TGM-31-2,8-5,0 40 40 7,5 0,39 0,19 5,0 0,93 2,4 2,2 4,7
TGM-49-2,8-5,0 40 40 7,5 0,61 0,30 3,2 1,38 2,3 3,1 4,4
*- Important! This type of TGM does not satisfy ROHS requirements.
Standard and additional options of TGMs

Description Notation Note
Flatness 0,02 mm; Parallelism 0,03 mm L1 Standard performance. Height tolerance ± 0,05mm
Tolerance of length (dimensions А)
+0,5 / –0,2mm
and width (dimensions В)
Tolerance of height ± 0,35mm (standart performance)
Type and length of lead wires - By customer’s requirements
30
Аннотация
Application recommendations: 3. The temperature of the hot side of the TGM should not
exceed the given in the specification temperature.
For optimum performance of TGM it is important to follow 4. The edge of the heat source should extend at least 10 or 5
several key points. mm beyond the edge of the module.
1. The surface on which TGM is to be mounted should be as flat 5. The temperature of the face of the module should be
as possible. Flatness of the surface should be not over 20 uniform at every point.
microns while 5 - 10 microns are recommended. 6. Mounting bolts should be as thin as possible, preferably
2. The module has to be properly pressed between the heat made of materials with low thermal conductivity (e.g.
source and the heat sink. To yield the best results the load stainless steel).
should be not less than 1,0 kN per one TGM of 40x40mm in 7. For better contact and thermal conductivity across the
dimensions. To optimize loading it is better to use a spring interface thermal transfer compound should be used, but
together with bolting. not too much in order to avoid preventing solid to solid
contact between the two surfaces.
Thermal expansion of
Mounting of TGM by compressive load
TGM in the simple bolted Construction of thermoelectric generator (TEG) should
guarantee that the compression force does not exceed 1,5kN
construction could damage (per one 40x40mm TGM) in the whole temperature range.
TGM in case of excessive Attention! During the exploitation of TGM with the decrease
of electric load an increase of the hot junction temperature
up to 5 % of the difference between hot and cold sides of the
screw torque or as a module can follow.
results of quick pressure For maximum power generation of the TEG the TGM should
be chosen taking into account features of other elements of
loss. To compensate construction including the heat-sinks and thermal interface
materials.
the thermal expansion of Heat resistance of TGM is one of the most important
parameters. Heat resistance of heat-sinks on the cold and hot
TGM in a wide temperature sides is determined by the following ratio:
range and stabilize the were:

Rt~k∙(Rc+Rh),
compression force the k – numerical coefficient equal to 1,0…1,5;

Rc – heat resistance between the cold side of TGM
bolting construction and the ambient (the heat resistance of the
heat-sink and thermal transfer compound
should be provided with interface);
Rh – heat resistance between the hot side of TGM
compression springs. and the heat-source with specified temperature.
Examples of most common mounting constructions with compressive load

(compression value for 40x40 mm TGM)
Disk (Belleville) spring

Coil spring compression compression Leaf spring compression
31
Thermoelectric cooling assemblies
Аннотация
Thermoelectric assemblies (TEAs) are cooling and heating

devices, consisting of several high-density heat-exchangers
bolted together with high efficient thermoelectric coolers
(TEC) between them. Their application allows the creation of
temperature control systems with operating temperatures
equal or less than ambient temperatures with maximum
coefficient of performance (COP). Usage of assemblies does not
require special knowledge in the field of thermoelectric cooling
design and is able to provide precise temperature control of
the object. Assemblies are optimized for 12, 24 and 48 V of on-
board supply voltage. Because no refrigerant fluid (CFC) is used
TEAs are environmentally friendly. Depending on the method
of heat distribution from the object to the environment the
assemblies could be of air-to-air, liquid-to-liquid, air-to-surface,
liquid-to-air or air-to-liquid type.
Air-to-air thermoelectric assembly
KRYOTHERM offers a wide range of TEAs with different cooling
power in standard and customized performances.
Air-to-air TEAs
Air-to-air thermoelectric assemblies allow pumping out of
extra heat from inside small, hermetically closed equipment
like telecom and remote control cabinets. They also allow
cooling down a limited area to a temperature below ambient
(air conditioning). For more efficiency heat-exchangers are
equipped with fans. Changing of polarity of power supply
allows fast changing of high efficient cooling to high efficient
heating, when to outside energy internal Joule heating would
be added (efficiency >1). In this case fans should be connected
separately. All TEAs are ready for installation by screws. Air-to-air thermoelectric assembly
Optionally assemblies could be supplied with a temperature
sensor installed for precise temperature control as well as with
a temperature controller and a power supply unit.
Applications:
— industrial and analytical instrument temperature
stabilization;
— equipment for electronic devices testing in temperature
range;
— air conditioning for automobile, railroad and water
transport;
— food and beverage cooling.
Air-to-air thermoelectric assembly
Air-to-air thermoelectric assemblies

I, U, Qс at Tamb=27°C, Dimensions, mm Weight,
Name Amps Volts Watts kg
Length Width Height
60-24-AA 2,8 24,0 40,0 240,0 150,2 155,0 2,8
60-12-AA 9 12,0 46,0 240,0 150,2 155,0 2,8
120-24-AA 5,3 24,0 60,0 320,0 150,2 155,0 3,7
120-12-AA 15,2 12,0 60,0 320,0 150,2 155,0 3,7
180-24-AA 5,8 24,0 125,0 480,0 150,2 155,0 5,7
180-12-AA 19,4 12,0 127,0 480,0 150,2 155,0 5,7
380-24-AA 10,4 24,0 210,0 252,0 200,0 210,0 6,4
380-48-AA 5,7 48,0 210,0 252,0 200,0 236,0 6,4
Specifications apply to ambient temperature Tamb=27°C and nominal voltage tolerance ±10%.
U - nominal voltage; I - operating current consumption; Qc - cooling power at ΔT=0°C, Tamb=27°C
Detailed specifications are available at the company website www.kryothermtec.com
32
Аннотация
Thermoelectric cooling assemblies
Air-to-Surface TEAs (cold plates)

Air-to-surface thermoelectric assemblies allow the removal of
large amounts of heat from an object to an air heat exchanger.
For more efficiency air heat-exchanger is equipped with fans.
Changing of polarity of power supply allows fast changing of
high efficient cooling to high efficient heating, when to outside
energy internal Joule heating would be added (efficiency >1).
In this case fans should be connected separately.
Applications:
— industrial and analytical instrument temperature
stabilization;
industry equipment;
— constant temperature baths for different technology processes;
— cooling systems for industrial and medical lasers and their
power supply units;
High efficient TECs and air heat-exchangers ensure high
reliability of compact and powerful air-to-surface cooling system.
Air-to-surface thermoelectric
Air-to-air thermoelectric assemblies

I, U, Qс at Tamb=27°C, Dimensions, mm Weight,
Name Amps Volts Watts kg
Length Width Height
380-24-AS 11,0 24,0 210,0 271,0 200,0 136,0 5,5
U - nominal voltage; I - operating current consumption; Qc - cooling power at ΔT=0°C, Tamb=27°C
Liquid-to-Liquid and Liquid-to-Surface TEAs

Liquid-to-liquid and liquid-to-surface thermoelectric assemblies allow the removal of large amounts of heat by liquid from an
object to a liquid heat exchanger. Changing of polarity of power supply allows fast changing of high efficient cooling to high efficient
heating, when to outside energy internal Joule heating would be added (efficiency >1). All TEAs are ready for installation by screws.
Applications:
— high speed integrated circuits cooling;
industry equipment;
— constant temperature baths for different technology
processes;
— cooling systems for industrial and medical lasers and their
power supply units;
— heat exchanging for surgery;
High efficient TECs and precision liquid heat-exchangers
mechanical parts ensure high reliability of compact and
powerful liquid-to-liquid and liquid-to-surface cooling system. Liquid-to-liquid thermoelectric assembly
Liquid-to-liquid and liquid-to-surface thermoelectric assemblies

I, U, Qс, Dimensions in mm Weight,
Name Amps Volts Watts Length Width Height kg
400-24-LL 24,5 24,0 400,0 247,0 79,0 79,0 5,0
650-24-LL 67,0 24,0 650,0 247,0 79,0 79,0 5,0
350-24-LL 10,0 24,0 350,0 380,0 120,0 140,0 8,0
400LS 24,5 24,0 390,0 289,0 204,0 62,4 5,0
650-24-LS 67,0 24,0 650,0 289,0 204,0 62,4 5,0
U - nominal voltage; I - operating current consumption; Qc - cooling power at ΔT=0°C
33
Thermoelectric power generating sources
Thermoelectric generating assemblies (TEGAs) are based on

thermoelectric generating modules (TGMs) which provide
electric power at temperature difference on their’s surfaces.
TEGA is a complete device consisting of a metal plate
attached to a heat source and a heat sink bolted together
with TGM between them. TEGAs allow to create stand-alone
thermoelectric power sources devices in places where usual
electric power sources are not available.
Thermoelectric Generator GTG-200
The company Kryotherm jointly with the company

“Ecotechnika” produce thermoelectric generators GTG-200.
GTG-200 is a stand alone source of electric power, running on
natural gas, propane or propane-butane mixture combustion.
Suitable for arranging of stand alone power sources ranging
from 200 to 2000 Watts.
GTG-200 is used for cathodic protection of pipelines against

corrosion, continuous power supply of consumption meters,
radio-link communication, automation and telemechanic tools.
Specification GTG-200
Output voltage V 24
Output power W 200
Overall dimensions, mm Diameter 600,
Height 1030
Weight, kg 130
Life time, not less than, years 10
Thermoelectric Generator TEG-30
The thermoelectric generator TEG -30 operating on gas fuel

used to provide the electric power for equipment of gas
distribution stations by converting thermal energy from the
combustion of gas fuels into electricity.
Thermoelectric power generator TEG-30 allow to:
- create a simple and reliable electric power source for

supplying, gathering and transmitting data systems, stand
alone from the external energy sources;
- reduce costs by eliminating the need to connect with the
regular electric power lines.
Specification TEG-30
Output voltage V 24
Output power W 30
Overall dimensions, mm 400 x 700 x 930
Weight, kg 76
Fuel consumption, m3/h 0,135
Input gas pressure, kP 3
34
Аннотация
Thermoelectric power generating sources
Thermoelectric Generator TEG-5

Thermoelectric generator TEG-5 is designed for the direct
conversion of steam heat energy into electrical power and
provides continuous running without supervision for its work.
TEG-5 is designed to supply the equipment with electricity
voltage 24V and current of 0,21 A.
The main application, TEG-5 has found in the field of steam
pipeline telemetry (flow, pressure, properties of steam etc.). The
design can be tailored for specific telemetry solutions of power
supply for customers’ facilities.
Specification TEG-5
Output voltage V 24
Output power W 5
Steam temperature in the from 119 to 190
installation site, °C
Weight, kg 63
Ingress protection rating
according to DIN 400500 and EN IP65
60529
Electrical PowerOven
More than quarter of Earth population till now does not have
ability to use electric power in everyday life. KRYOTHERM
designed and established serial production of unique Electrical
PowerOven.
Electrical PowerOven provides electricity, light and heat to
consumers without powering.
Electrical Electrical
Specification PowerOwen PowerOwen
Arktur Vega
Output power W
50 25
Output voltage V 12 12
The volume of heated
100 50
space, m3
Thermal output, kW 6 4
Weight, kg 59 22
Overall dimensions, mm 572х605х790 466х300х404
The combustion chamber
Thermoelectric Universal Generator B4-M
60 30
volume, l Universal generator B4-M produces power supply 12 V when
Operating Temperature, °C от –20 до +45 от –20 до +45 installed on a upright heated surface with a temperature of 250
°C.
It has built-in thermal protection prevents failure of the
generator when mounting surface is heated up to 300 °C.
Specification B4-M
Output voltage V 12
Output power W 2
Weight, kg 2
Temperature of the hot surface, °С 250
Ingress protection rating according IP35
to DIN 400500 and EN 60529
35
Company profile
The cycle starts from synthesis of thermoelectric

semiconductor materials, cutting into pellets, and deposition
of antidiffusion coatins continues with modules assembly
and treatment, and finished with packaging and shipping to
customers. The quality system used by KRYOTHERM includes
continuous control over all technological stages and testing of
finished products.
KRYOTHERM continuously expands and improves the range

of products. At present there are more than 250 types of
thermoelectric devices in the company Product Line. Taking
into account additional options, the total list includes several
thousands of items in serial production that are able to perfectly
satisfy the needs of most of the customers. Upon customer’s
request KRYOTHERM can develop and produce a pilot batch of a
new type of thermoelectric module within a few weeks. The staff
of the company is more than 200 employers, including 12 PhDs.
KRYOTHERM was founded in 1992 out of a large Soviet Union’

research institute engaged in development of thermoelectric
devices and subsystems for military and aerospace industries.
High production capacity, flexibility of technological
equipment, use of modern technologies, and professional
management make KRYOTHERM a reliable supplier of
thermoelectric coolers and subsystems for more than 500
companies all over the world. Now thermoelectric products are
Design and manufacturing of customized thermoelectric

devices and subsystems is one of KRYOTHERM’s core
businesses. More than forty years experience in the field
of thermoelectricity enables us to offer the most efficient
thermoelectric solutions to fully meet customer needs and
requirements.
KRYOTHERM systematically improves the quality and
parameters of products, expands their range and offers
favorable conditions for cooperation. Technical parameters
and high reliability of the thermoelectric devices produced by
KRYOTHERM fully correspond to world-class standards.
High production capacity enables KRYOTHERM to be cost

competitive. KRYOTHERM has a well-earned reputation for
widely applicable in various human activities, e.g. in industrial product reliability and longevity. The company’s financial
and consumer coolers, medical and electronic instruments, stability, experience and high quality of thermoelectric products
telecommunication and radio electronic equipment. rank KRYOTHERM as a highly reliable and trustworthy partner.
The activities of KRYOTHERM are directed to providing
safe, reliable, highly effective products, best service and full
engineering and technical support for our customers.
Since the very beginning, KRYOTHERM has satisfied a unique
niche in the thermoelectric high technology market due to
adhering to the company’s missions that are as follows:
— To design and manufacture highly efficient and reliable
thermoelectric products;
— To carry out scientific researches to develop and implement
modern technologies as well as to provide continuous
improvement of existing products quality and reliability;
— To find the best thermoelectric solutions for the customers;
— To offer the best customer-orientated services to meet all
the customer’s expectations.
The overall technological cycle of thermoelectric devices

production is performed on the company’s premises.
36
Company profile
Quality & Reliability

Supply of high quality products that fully satisfy the
customer requirements is the most important target of
KRYOTHERM.
A thermoelectric cooler (TEC) is a solid-state device consisting

of thermoelectric pellets of p-type and n-type (TEE) mounted
by soldering between two ceramic plates by means of
bounding copper tabs. TEEs are produced of crystalline alloys
of Te and Bi with semiconductors dopes. The alloys have good
soldering ability and owing to this construction ensures high
reliability level of TEC on the whole.
It is well known that the failure rate of one soldered joint does
not exceed 10-9 degree. This means that depending on the
number of TEEs in the TEC the theoretical level of the failure
rate would be within the range from 0,05 to 0,5 ppm. This
theoretical range was confirmed many times by tests made
in-house and applications on site on customers’ premises
providing that the mounting and operation instructions were
observed.
Application of statistic analysis methods to “from start to

finish” production processes in real-time assures continuous
control over the quality of the products. Control over quality
and stability of each production step starts from inspection of
received raw-materials and continues up to inspection of the
ready to ship products. Periodical and qualification tests are
done by an approved schedule. This results in KRYOTHERM to
supply thermoelectric products with failure rates of less than
1 ppm. Accuracy and stability of the most important production
steps are controlled by a method of estimation of deviations
distribution from nominal values of controlled parameters inside
one production lot and their alterations from one lot to another.
Improper semi-finished and finished products are sorted out

from production flow and placed in a rejected parts store. In
case the quantity of improper parts exceeds an allowed value
the whole production lot is placed into the rejected parts store
and production process is stopped until the reasons for the
failure is defined and countermeasures are taken. That also
prevents the possibility of such failures in future.
The statistical method also enables taking preventive measures

thus eliminating possibility of technology process parameters
deviation and the probability of their re-appearance.
The aforementioned methods have been successfully used
by KRYOTHERM for many years and allow us to guarantee of
ultimate reliability of TECs for different applications.
It should be noted that the TEC error-free running time mostly
depends on application conditions. According to results of tests
performed by KRYOTHERM and various customers the Mean
Time Before Failure for TECs constantly switched-on at a room
temperature exceeds 300000 hours providing that the TEC was
correctly installed on an appropriate heat-sink. On the other
hand reliability of TECs used in conditions of electric current
direction changing with fast temperature changing usually is
measured as a number of temperature cycles with indication of
maximum and minimum temperature values on TECs surfaces
and speed of temperature changing. A special technology
used while production of such kind of TECs during mechanical
stresses arising during fast temperature changes.
The TECs reliability is influenced by many factors including
operating temperature, method of mounting on a heat sink,
moisture protection, power supply, and the correct application
of the thermoelectric system in whole.
37
Company profile Аннотация
Methods of quality and reliability control 3. Transportation tests (GOST 15150);

4. Effect of high humidity (for sealed coolers) (Т=+27°C, relative
For customer satisfaction through effective application of
humidity 100 %);
thermoelectric products KRYOTHERM has developed and has
5. Cyclic variation of ambient temperature (MIL-STD-883,
been implementing a quality management system (QMS),
method 1010);
which demonstrates our ability to consistently supply products
6. Life-time tests (1000 h, I = 0,75Imax, Th = 27°C);
that meet customer and statutory requirements, including
7. Temperature cycling (test +40°С / +90°С with change of
continual improvement of processes and prevention of
current polarity);
nonconformity of products. Company QMS is approved by
8. Control of insulation resistance.
TUV Rheinland certification centre as completely meeting the
requirements of ISO 9001:2000 Standard. It is extended to all
activities starting from suppliers selection, careful input control Reliability tests are performed for TE coolers for which more
of materials and components, control of the manufacturing strict requirements to operational reliability are specified.
process, and tests of finished products. Constant improvement Reliability tests include the following:
and development of process control methods provide the 1. Strict temperature cycling (test 0 °С/+100 °С with current
necessary conditions for high quality device production to polarity reversal);
meet the ever-increasing demands of KRYOTHERM’s customers. 2. Temperature cycling (test +40 °С/+90 °С with current polarity
reversal);
3. High temperature storage (+85 °С);
4. Low temperature storage (–40 °С);
5. Cyclic variation of ambient temperature (MIL-STD-883,
method 1010);
6. Storage at high humidity — for sealed coolers (+85 °C,
relative humidity 100 %).
Standardized tests are aimed at confirmation of the

efficiency and advisability of introducing changes in the
production methods and in new materials and components
using.
The content of tests is determined by the type of supposed
changes.
All inspections and tests results, unless otherwise specified,
are conducted under normal climatic conditions, i.e. ambient
A distinctive feature of KRYOTHERM is an individual approach to

each customers requirements. KRYOTHERM offers a wide range
of products for different applications and confirms the high
quality of products by multiple tests carried out in accordance
with the company QMS. Large varieties of measuring and test
equipments are used for quality inspection.
The tests are classified as following:
1. Acceptance tests;
2. Periodical tests;
3. Reliability tests;
4. Standardized tests.
Acceptance tests are aimed at control of the conformity of
devices to KRYOTHERM standards and customer’s specification.
100% of the produced goods are subject of these tests.
Acceptance tests include the following.
1. Control of geometrical dimensions;
2. Control of electrophysical parameters (e.g. for TEC it would be temperature 25±10°С, relative humidity of air 45–80 %,
AC resistance and thermoelectric merit-factor); atmospheric pressure 84–106,7 kPa (630–800 mmHg).
3. Visual inspection; Quality control of production and shipment of every lot are
4. Check for compliance with the customer’s specification. accompanied with flow-process identification documents
containing the lot number and information about its
Periodical tests are aimed at control of the technological technological steps and conditions, including information
processes used for products manufacturing. Periodical tests are about used materials and components. These sets of document
performed on all types of devices at least once a year. In case provide products history traceability after they are delivered to
existing technological processes are modified or new processes the customer.
are introduced additional periodical tests of the products According to the QMS standards all the documents are kept for
manufactured by using the new or modified technology are 3 years.
carried out. Periodical tests conform to the requirements of MIL- Additional tests can be performed by special customer’s
STD-883 and GOST 20.57.406, 20.57.406-81, 15150. requests. The content and parameters of these tests are agreed
Periodical tests include the following: upon with the customer and depend on the anticipated TEC
1. Strength tests under sinusoidal vibration (MIL-STD-883, application.
method 2002); Tests results detailed information with description of the
2. Strength tests under single mechanical shocks (MIL-STD-883, inspection methods is available on the company official web
method 2007); site http://www.kryotherm.ru.
38
TEC installation instructions
6. Remove excessive paste appearing on the TE cooler edges.

7. Perform operation of p.p. 4-6 for the thermoelectric coolers
cold side and the plate being cooled. In this case it is required
to move the plate slightly along the thermoelectric coolers
cold side.
8. Tighten the hot heat-sink and the plate to be cooled to each
other using heat insulating bushes. Use the heat insulating
bushes made of polycaproamide (caprolon) is recommended.
Tighten the assembly with extreme care turning the tighten-
ing screws one after another in several steps and control the
connection between the TEC and the plate. If several thermoe-
lectric coolers are installed in one assembly then the heat-sink
and plate should be tightened beginning from the screw near-
est to the centre of assembly.
Note: KRYOTHERM recommends the following values of
mounting force (Pm) during assembly of non-metallized TECs:
There are two main methods of the mounting: by means
of mechanical pressing and by means of soldering (in this
case the TEC should have a metallized working surface (or
surfaces).
1. Lapped TEC features

Copper and aluminum alloys are widely used as heat sink ma-
terials because of the low heat resistance. These materials have
high thermal conduction. The TECs are lapped during manufac-
turing to guarantee of good thermal contact between the TECs’
surface and the heat-sink. TECs could be supplied with working
surfaces flatness and parallelism down to 5 micrometers. Correct
mounting provides minimal TEC overheating and increase the
reliability and efficiency of the thermoelectric system. It should
be noted that in case of necessity to use two or more TECs under
one heat-sink KRYOTHERM supplies TECs lapped to one height TEC type Pm (kg/cm2)
(within one production lot). It must not be forgotten that if TECs
of high accuracy lapped surfaces are used, the adequate accu- Micro TEC 2- 6
racy of working surfaces of heat-sinks and other construction Standard single-stage TEC 5- 12
elements that contact with working surfaces of TEC should also High efficient single-stage TEC 8-12
be provided.
Multistage TEC 3- 10
Lapped TEC Mounting Instruction:
Please follow this instruction of mounting of KRYOTHERM’ Please use the following formula to determine the required
lapped TECs to a thermoelectric cooling assembly, which con- screw torque.
sists of a hot side heat sink, TEC and a cold plate (the same T= Pm *Sm* Nm* K *d/N
mounting steps are applicable for other cases as well). Where:
Locate mounting holes as close to the opposite edges of TEC T - screw torque;
as possible to avoid bends and deformation of the heat-sink Pm - mounting pressure;
and cold plate during assembly. Moreover, it is advisable that Sm - total surface area of TEСs in assembly;
the bolt holes are arranged on the line of stiffening ribs of the Nm – number of thermoelectric coolers in the assembly;
heat-sink. N - number of screws;
1. Prepare the surfaces of the heat-sink and plate. Please note K - given coefficient of friction (for example, K=0,2 for steel;
that the heat-sink and the cold plate areas that are to contact K=0,15 for nylon);
the TEC should have the flatness of at least 0,025 mm (25 mi- d - screw nominal diameter.
crons or better).
2. Control the lack of burrs on the surfaces of the heat-sink and 2. Metallized TEC mounting
plate, 100 %. Any metal burrs must be removed from the heat
KRYOTHERM supplies TECs with metallization of one or both
sink.
ceramics surfaces. Metallized TECs are not purposed for
3. Thoroughly clean and degrease the thermoelectric cooler, lapping. Metal coating allows to mounting of this kind of TECs
the heat-sink and the cold-plate. on the heat-sink and cold plate by solder. TEC’s metallized
4. Apply a thin and uniform layer of heat conducting paste on surfaces could be pre-tinned with 95oC melting temperature
one of the joined surfaces. solder to ease TEC’s mounting.
5. Mount the thermoelectric cooler by its hot side to the heat-
sink. Thoroughly and with uniform effort grind in the thermoe- By special request solder of 117°C melting temperature could
lectric cooler to the heat-sink surface till an obvious resistance be used for pre-tinning of standard TECs, and for TEC’s with
to the TEC movements appears. It should be taken in to con- HT(150) the solder of 139°C melting temperature. TECs with
sideration, that to provide effective heat transfer the contact processing temperature up to 200°C can be also pre-tinned
between the ceramics surface of the TEC and the metal surface with solder of 183°C melting temperature.
of the heat sink should be as direct as possible. The heat con-
ductive paste is used mainly to improve thermal conductivity KRYOTHERM’ gold-coated metallized TEC’s are specially produced
across the interface. for applications where non-flux solders should be applied.
39
7. Wait till the assembly cools down to the room temperature.

8. Wash the assembly in hot flowing water and clean using a
brush and cleaning agent, (for 1-2 minutes).
9. Dry the assembly in a drying chamber at T=75˚C for 30-40
minutes.
3. Operating temperature
Two factors define reliability of TEC at different operating
temperatures. The first is acceleration of copper entry from
the connecting tabs to semiconductor material and its’ deg-
radation at temperature more than 90˚C. For prevention of
this process nickel barriers that exclude possibility of cop-
per diffusion are used. The second is correct definition of
TEC operating temperature regarding melting temperature
of TEC assembly solder. Actually assembly solders with fol-
lowing melting temperatures are used: 139˚C, 183˚C and
During TECs mounting by soldering special attention should 232˚C. Operating temperatures are up to 120˚C, up to 150˚C
be paid to proper coating of the surfaces of the TEC and and up to 200˚C, accordingly.
the heat-sink with solder. It should be aimed at reduction
of the soldering layer during soldering because its’ thermal The third factor that doesn’t influence on TECs’ reliability but
conductivity is worse than the thermal conductivity of the defines the thermoelectric systems’ efficiency is decreasing
direct contact of the ceramics and the heat-sink. of cooling capacity and maximal temperature difference at
decreased operating temperatures. E.g. if the maximal tem-
Metallized TEC Mounting Instruction perature difference at Th = 27˚С is 75˚C, then at Th = 50˚C it
Please follow this mounting instruction to attach KRYOTHERM’ would be 85˚C and at Th = 70 ˚C it would be 93˚C. In case of
metallized TECs to a thermoelectric cooling assembly, which the necessity to work at low temperatures KRYOTHERM can
consists of a heat-sink and TEC. The heat-sink surface should be supply special TECs.
adapted for soldering. The heat-sink should be made of proper
material or have proper coating, for example, of copper or nickel.
4. Soldering of lead wires
1. Prepare the surfaces of the heat-sink and plate. The surfaces
of the heat-sink should have flatness of at least 0,05 mm (50 mi- KRYOTHERM supplies TEC’s with attached lead wires to fa-
crons) on the area of the TEC installation. cilitate TEC’s installation and power supply connection. Wire
cross section and length could be specified by the customer.
2. Control over the lack of burrs on the surfaces of heat-sink. In The minimum wire length is 20 mm.
case of burrs’ availability they should be removed.
3. Thoroughly clean and degrease the thermoelectric cooler and 5. TEC Moisture Protection Sealant Options
the heat-sink.
To protect TEC’s from moisture and condensation KRYO-
4. The heat-sink surface should be covered with flux. THERM suggests sealing options when TECs are sealed
5. Heat the heat-sink surface up to the temperature exceeding along the perimeter by silicone, epoxy or urethane sealant
the temperature of assembly solder (given in the TEC specifica- that are denoted by letters S, E, U in the name of thermo-
tion) by 5-10°C. electric cooler.
6. Put the TEC onto the heat-sink surface and wait for several
Two of the most common
seconds till the solder on the TE cooler melts and the exces-
TECs perimeter sealants
sive flux evaporates. When all solder is melted the TE cooler will
are used as following.
tend to float on the solder. Slight blow-off and holding down of
Silicone (S) is an all pur-
pose sealant that exhibits
good sealing character-
istics and retains its elas-
tomeric properties over a
wide temperature range,
from -60 up to 200°C.
The sealant is non-corro-
sive to many chemicals
and exhibits good electri-
cal properties with low
thermal conductivity.
Epoxy (E) is a highly ef-
fective barrier to moisture
with working temperature
range from -40 up to 130°C.
The material exhibits a low
dielectric constant and
the TE cooler will improve its installation. In cases where more
low coefficient of thermal
than one TE cooler is used in the same assembly unit, these
expansion. Epoxy sealant
coolers should be held down with an object having the surface
is ideal for long life appli-
of the required size and the required tolerance of flatness dur-
cations.
ing the soldering.
40
16 Volts, KRYOTHERM recommends to supply the TEC at

6. Thermoelectric Arrays 12 Volts, which is around 75% of their specified Umax. and
Several TECs wired together is commonly known to as a TE ar- considers this way of choosing TEC voltage to be optimal to
ray. The decision to wire TECs in series or in parallel is primar- provide large cooling capacity (Qc) at high-rated efficiency of a
ily based on available input power requirements. TE arrays are TE cooler. Coefficient of performance (COP) is a measure of ef-
commonly used for providing higher heat pumping capacity ficiency of TEC and is defined as TEC’ Qc divided by the electric
and could be more efficient than a single TEC by advantage of input power (P). When KRYOTHERM high performance TECs are
dissipating of heat over a larger surface of the heat-sink. fed with voltage of above 12 Volts, the increase in TEC cooling
capacity is negligible and COP of TEC drops.
7. TEC Power Supply Features To provide high COP for a thermoelectric system that oper-
To determine the negative and positive TECs leads turn the TEC ates at a relatively low ΔT (ΔT << ΔTmax) it is recommended
so that the ceramic plate with electrodes or lead wires is on to mount several TECs into the system and supply each of the
the bottom and the tabs (or the lead wires) direct to you. In TECs with a lower voltage of around 0,25…0,5 of Umax value.
this case the tab / lead wire at the right is positive and the tab / If is necessary to increase the specified cooling capacity of
lead wire at the left is negative. As soon as the TEC is connected FROST, SNOWBALL, or ICE TECs, they should be supplied with
to respective DC power supply source its bottom side will be- voltage of above 12 Volts while the special care should be tak-
come hot and its upper side cold. en to provide effective dissipation of the heat created from the
It is also easy to determine TEC polarity by the color of the lead TEC hot side.
wires. The red lead wire is attached to the positive and the The same principle of voltage optimization of supplying TEC’s
black one to the negative lead. with 75% of their Umax is applied to all TE coolers, although
To get higher efficiency of a thermoelectric system the power their Umax may be different from the one mentioned above.
supply ripple should not exceed 5% (the maximum allowed At the same time, heat dissipation from the hot side and power
level is 10%) for single and 2% for multistage TE coolers. Using supply characteristics should necessarily be taken into consid-
a regulated DC power supply it is possible to maintain the tem- eration in each particular case.
perature on the object being cooled with the accuracy down For high performance powerful TECs of DRIFT series, the opti-
to 1°C. By use of temperature sensors and temperature control- mal supplied voltage ranges of 12 - 18 Volts to achieve greater
lers the high precision temperature stabilization of the object cooling capacity at the highest possible COP value.
could be provided with the accuracy down to 10-5 °C.
When calculating electrical parameters of TEC working point, it
TEC operating mode (the required maximum cooling capac- should be noted that once the TEC is in its running mode, the
ity and efficiency) predetermines the voltage rating to be input current goes down by 20 - 35 %. According to the See-
supplied to one TEC. It is highly important to remember that beck effect, the increase in temperature differential between
supplied voltage to each TEC should not exceed the maximum
the TEC’s hot and cold sides results in thermal electromotive
voltage (Umax) specified for this particular type of TEC.
force (EMF) generation. In fact this EMF is a counter-electro-
For example, in case of high performance TECs such as FROST, motive force working toward power supply and reducing the
SNOWBALL, and ICE series with the Umax of approximately

current running across the TEC.
41

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Аннотация Catalog menu

Advantages and applications

Thermoelectric products review . . . . . . . . 7

Coolers for industrial applications . . . . . . . 9

Miniature coolers for radio-electronics . . . 18

Multistage thermoelectric coolers . . . . . . 21

Coolers for consumer devices applications 25

Software for TEC application . . . . . . . . . . 27

Thermoelectric generating modules . . . . 28

Thermoelectric cooling assemblies . . . . . 32

Thermoelectric power generating

TEC installation instructions . . . . . . . . . . 39

KRYOTHERM was founded in 1992 basing on a

Now KRYOTHERM is a world-famous company designing and

— provides full modern technological production cycle, starting

The highest priority issues for KRYOTHERM are:

High quality of products, workmanship and

Modern laser, optical,

Peltier phenomena, cooling technologies:

Abbreviations and definitions

TEC Thermoelectric cooler (module)

TEE Thermoelectric element (n-type or p-type)

Imax Value of input current through TEC, that corresponds to ∆Tmax

Umax Value of input terminal voltage on TEC, that corresponds to ∆Tmax

Rac Electric resistance of TEC, measured at 1 kHz alternating current

1 - thermoelectric (n-type and p-type) elements;

As it is seen from the drawing the maximum temperature

Temperature gradient in the thermoelectic device

In this catalogue the following thermoelectric products are introduced:

Thermoelectric coolers (TEC) for industrial application Food industry:

Medicine equipment: KRYOTHERM produces a wide

High efficient single-stage modules

High efficient single-stage TECs

Standard single-stage modules

Design 1 (A=B) Design 2

Standard single-stage TECs

Imax, Qmax, Umax, ∆Tmax, Rac, Dimensions, mm

Imax, Qmax, Umax, ∆Tmax, Rac, Dimensions, mm

15,0 30,0 15,0 30,0 4

Imax, Qmax, Umax, ∆Tmax, Rac, Dimensions, mm

Imax, Qmax, Umax, ∆Tmax, Rac, Dimensions, mm

15,0 30,0 15,0 30,0 4

Two sections single-stage TECs

Design 1* Design 2**

* — design with two lead tabs and internal

Design 3** Design 4**

Two sections single-stage TECs

* — For design 4 the resistance of each separate section is indicated.

Standard single-stage round shape modules

Round shape single-stage TECs

Rectangular single-stage modules with hole

Rectangular shape single-stage TECs with a hole

Type and length of lead wires -

Assembling into arrays -

TEC could be mounted on heatsink, cold -

ТВ — product abbreviation — thermoelectric battery (TEC);

Enviromental Safety Features:

Miniature thermoelectric coolers

Miniature coolers for radio-electronics

Imax, Qmax, Umax, ∆Tmax, Rac, Dimensions, mm

Design 3 Design 4