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    Driveability Analysis (Page 1 of 10)

    Uploaded by

    Ramesh Selvaraj
    The document outlines the steps involved in conducting a driveability analysis for piles, including: 1) obtaining preliminary pile drawings and evaluating soil resistance to driving, 2) determining self weight penetration based on pile and hammer weights, 3) establishing guidelines for pile makeup and additions, 4) considering underdrive, overdrive, and cutoff allowances, and 5) preparing inputs, executing software, and analyzing outputs to check blowcount and stresses. The goal is to size piles and select hammers that can achieve the design penetration without exceeding stress limits.

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    Driveability Analysis (Page 1 of 10)

    Uploaded by

    Ramesh Selvaraj
    147 views4 pages
    The document outlines the steps involved in conducting a driveability analysis for piles, including: 1) obtaining preliminary pile drawings and evaluating soil resistance to driving, 2) determining self weight penetration based on pile and hammer weights, 3) establishing guidelines for pile makeup and additions, 4) considering underdrive, overdrive, and cutoff allowances, and 5) preparing inputs, executing software, and analyzing outputs to check blowcount and stresses. The goal is to size piles and select hammers that can achieve the design penetration without exceeding stress limits.

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    driveability

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    The document outlines the steps involved in conducting a driveability analysis for piles, including: 1) obtaining preliminary pile drawings and evaluating soil resistance to driving, 2) determining self weight penetration based on pile and hammer weights, 3) establishing guidelines for pile makeup and additions, 4) considering underdrive, overdrive, and cutoff allowances, and 5) preparing inputs, executing software, and analyzing outputs to check blowcount and stresses. The goal is to size piles and select hammers that can achieve the design penetration without exceeding stress limits.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    147 views4 pages

    Driveability Analysis (Page 1 of 10)

    Uploaded by

    Ramesh Selvaraj
    The document outlines the steps involved in conducting a driveability analysis for piles, including: 1) obtaining preliminary pile drawings and evaluating soil resistance to driving, 2) determining self weight penetration based on pile and hammer weights, 3) establishing guidelines for pile makeup and additions, 4) considering underdrive, overdrive, and cutoff allowances, and 5) preparing inputs, executing software, and analyzing outputs to check blowcount and stresses. The goal is to size piles and select hammers that can achieve the design penetration without exceeding stress limits.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    DRIVEABILITY ANALYSIS (Page 1 of 10)

    1.0 STEPS INVOLVED

    1.1 Before starting the pile driveability, preliminary pile drawings (either
    inplace analysis or from bid drawings) must be available.

    1.2 Driveability study should be carried out for the following cases as
    minimum

     for target penetration


     at discrete penetration (at depth of specific interest / potential hard
    layers / different add-on sections)

    1.3 Steps involved

     Pile design from inplace analysis


     Evaluation of soil resistance to driving (SRD) with pile depth (from
    soil report)
     Self weight penetration
     Pile make-up and addon sequence
     Preparation of input file for GRLWEAP
     Execution of GRLWEAP and analysis

    1.3.1 Pile design inplace analysis

    Pile target penetration and the pile wall thickness from jacket top to pile
    tip shall be based on the inplace analysis results (see Fig.1 for typical
    pile drawing).

    1.3.2 Minimum wall thickness

    For piles that are to be installed by driving where sustained hard


    driving(250 blows per foot with the largest hammer to be used) is
    anticipated, the minimum piling wall thickness used should not be less
    than
    T = 6.35 + D / 100
    where t = wall thickness in mm
    D = Diameter in mm

    1.3.3 Soil resistance to driving (SRD)

    - Soil resistance to driving shall be evaluated on similar lines


    with axial pile capacity except for the unit soil parameters.
    - Unit soil parameters are to be based on soil report /
    consultants recommendation and design criteria. Should
    there be any ambiguity between the two, rational approach
    shall be used.
    - The expected SRD at a given depth is least of plugged and
    unplugged resistance. A plot of expected SRD v/s depth
    shall be prepared (Refer Fig. 2 for typical plot)

    DRIVEABILITY ANALYSIS (Page 2 of 10)

    1.3.4 Self weight penetration

    - Water depth, installation contractors lifting capacity, pile


    handling stresses and soil conditions will decide the pile P1
    and P2 lengths.

    - Generally the bid specifies the hammer energy, output


    efficiency, cushion properties. Installation contractor has to
    mobilise the hammer equivalent to the bid specified as
    minimum.

    - Choose among the hammer's mobilised the initial driving


    hammer. Hammer with the lowest weight is generally the
    initial driving hammer.

    - Find the weight of :


    (a) P1 + P2
    (b) P1 + P2 + hammer

    - Find the depth D1 and D2 where,

    i. SRD = P1 + P2 for D1
    ii. SRD = P1 + P2 + Hammer for D2

    D1 and D2 give lower bound estimate of the


    expected self weight penetration with and without
    hammer.

    - Find the depth D1A and D2A where,

    i. S SRD x Z = S (P1+P2) x Z for D1A

    Where, Z is soil layer depth

    ii. S SRD x Z = S (P1+P2+Hammer) x Z for D2A

    D1A and D2A give upper bound estimate of the


    expected self weight penetration with and without
    hammer.
    DRIVEABILITY ANALYSIS (Page 3 of 10)

    1.3.5 Pile makeup and add on sequence guidelines

    i. Pile driving should not be stopped in sand for pile addons


    ii. Pile lengths shall be based on stickup lengths with hammer
    [ The sum of the stresses due to impact of the hammer (the
    dynamic stresses) and the stresses due to axial load and
    bending (static stresses due to placing of hammer+accessories)
    should not exceed the minimum yield stress of the steel ]
    Also to note that dynamic stresses should not exceed 80 to 90%
    of yield stress. One-third increase in stress should not be
    allowed.
    iii. Pile makeup should be such that same thickness material shall
    be available at the welding of addon. Also minimum 3m length of
    same thickness of add-on shall be available in the driven pile.

    1.3.6 Underdrive, Overdrive and cutoff allowance

    Underdrive : With piles having thickened sections at the mudline,


    consideration should be given to providing an extra length of heavy
    wall material in the vicinity of the mudline so the pile will not be
    overstressed at this point if the design penetration is not reached. The
    amount of underdrive allowance to be provided in the design shall
    depend upon the degree of uncertainty regarding the penetration that
    can be obtained.

    Overdrive : In some instances an overdrive allowance should be


    provided in a similar manner in the event an expected bearing stratum
    is not encountered at the anticipated depth.

    Cutoff : Each pile section on which driving is required should contain a


    cutoff allowance to permit the removal of material damaged by the
    impact of the pile driving hammer. The normal allowance is 0.5 to 1.5
    metres per section.

    1.3.7 Driving shoe

    The purpose of driving shoes is to assist piles to penetrate through


    hard layers or to reduce driving resistances allowing greater
    penetrations to be achieved than would otherwise be the case.
    DRIVEABILITY ANALYSIS (Page 4 of 10)

    1.3.8 Preparation of input file for GRLWEAP

    Following data is required for preparing input

    i. Pile properties - length, diameter, thickness (refer Fig. 1 & Table


    2.0)
    ii. Hammer details **
    iii. Cushion properties (refer Table 1.0)
    iv. SRD (refer Fig. 2.0)

    ** Database about various hammers and cushion details are available


    in the GRLWEAP program

    1.3.9 Execution of GRLWEAP and analysis

    (i) Based on the expected SRD, run the GRLWEAP program.


    GRLWEAP can run with 10 SRD values.

    (ii) The program prints out the 10 SRD values v/s blows per meter
    needed to overcome the SRD and the maximum stresses along
    the pile.

    (iii) Check the dynamic pile stresses to be within allowable


    stresses(0.90 Fy).

    (iii) Prepare graph of blowcount v/s SRD overcome.

    (iv) Compare the SRD overcome at 300 * blows/ft with SRD at the
    design penetration.
    ( * The pile driving refusal with a properly operating hammer is
    defined as the point where pile driving resistance exceeds either
    300 blows/ft)

    (v) If the blowcount is excessive ( more than 300 blows/ft for SRD
    to overcome ), reanalyse with a more powerful hammer.

    (vi) If the blowcount is acceptable but compressive stresses are


    unacceptably high, reanalyse with a smaller hammer.

    (vii) If both blowcount and compressive stresses are excessive,


    increase cross-sectional area if applicable, and reanalyse.

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