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    A. Prof. DR Ruzanna PHD, DM, MD, MSC

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    Hassoun hassoun
    1. There are three main types of muscle tissue: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. 2. Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, attaching to bones to enable movement. Cardiac muscle is also striated but involuntary, found in the heart walls and contracts rhythmically to circulate blood. Smooth muscle is not striated and involuntary, found in organs and passageways to enable slow, sustained movement and control. 3. All muscle tissues share similarities including fibers containing actin and myosin filaments for contraction, sarcoplasmic reticulum, and being surrounded by connective tissues. However, they differ in structure, location, and voluntary vs involuntary function.

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    A. Prof. DR Ruzanna PHD, DM, MD, MSC

    Uploaded by

    Hassoun hassoun
    25 views19 pages
    1. There are three main types of muscle tissue: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. 2. Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, attaching to bones to enable movement. Cardiac muscle is also striated but involuntary, found in the heart walls and contracts rhythmically to circulate blood. Smooth muscle is not striated and involuntary, found in organs and passageways to enable slow, sustained movement and control. 3. All muscle tissues share similarities including fibers containing actin and myosin filaments for contraction, sarcoplasmic reticulum, and being surrounded by connective tissues. However, they differ in structure, location, and voluntary vs involuntary function.

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    1. There are three main types of muscle tissue: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. 2. Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, attaching to bones to enable movement. Cardiac muscle is also striated but involuntary, found in the heart walls and contracts rhythmically to circulate blood. Smooth muscle is not striated and involuntary, found in organs and passageways to enable slow, sustained movement and control. 3. All muscle tissues share similarities including fibers containing actin and myosin filaments for contraction, sarcoplasmic reticulum, and being surrounded by connective tissues. However, they differ in structure, location, and voluntary vs involuntary function.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    25 views19 pages

    A. Prof. DR Ruzanna PHD, DM, MD, MSC

    Uploaded by

    Hassoun hassoun
    1. There are three main types of muscle tissue: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. 2. Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, attaching to bones to enable movement. Cardiac muscle is also striated but involuntary, found in the heart walls and contracts rhythmically to circulate blood. Smooth muscle is not striated and involuntary, found in organs and passageways to enable slow, sustained movement and control. 3. All muscle tissues share similarities including fibers containing actin and myosin filaments for contraction, sarcoplasmic reticulum, and being surrounded by connective tissues. However, they differ in structure, location, and voluntary vs involuntary function.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 19

    A. Prof.

    Dr Ruzanna
    PhD, DM, MD, MSc.
    Types of Muscle Tissue
    Skeletal

    Cardiac

    Smooth
    Similarities…

    ▪ Their cells are called fibers( smooth and skeletal) because


    they are elongated
    ▪ Contraction depends on myofilaments
    ▪ Actin
    ▪ Myosin
    ▪ The cytoplasm of muscle fibers or cells is called sarcoplasm
    ▪ The smooth endoplasmic reticulum of fibers or cells is called
    sarcoplasmic reticulum
    ▪ The plasma membrane of fibers or cells is called the
    sarcolemma
    ▪ Individual muscle cells are called myocytes
    Skeletal muscle cells (fibres) are long, cylindrical and multinucleate

    cytoplasm peripheral
    (=sarcoplasm) multiple nuclei cell membrane
    (=sarcolemma)
    myofibrils

    cross-striations
    (alternating light
    and dark bands)
    Characteristic
    banding pattern
    due to the
    arrangement of
    the myofilaments
    MYOFIBRIL
    myofilaments inside A single
    the myofibril do not SARCOMERE
    myofibril
    extend the entire length
    of the MYOFIBRILS but
    are arranged in repeating
    Thin actin Thick myosin
    units called SARCOMERES
    filament filament with
    Z LINE cross bridges
    Z LINE

    SARCOMERE Myofilaments
    Parts of a Muscle
    Connective Tissue Sheaths
    ▪ Connective Tissue of a Muscle
    ▪ Epimysium - Dense regular c.t. that surrounds entire muscle
    ▪ Separates muscle from surrounding tissues and organs.
    ▪ Perimysium -Fibrous c. t. that surrounds a group of muscle
    fibers called a fascicle
    ▪ Contains b.v and nerves.
    ▪ Endomysium -Loose connective tissue that surrounds individual
    muscle fibers.
    ▪ Also contains b.v., nerves.
    Epimysium is a dense regular c.t. surrounding entire muscle
    Separates muscle from surrounding tissues and organs.
    Perimysium is a fibrous c.t. surrounding a group of muscle fibers
    called a fascicle Skeletal muscle
    Contains b.v and nerves.

    Epimysium:
    surrounds
    whole muscle

    Endomysium is a loose
    connective tissue surrounding
    each muscle fiber

    Perimysium is
    around fascicle
    TENDON

    EPIMYSIUM

    ENDOMYSIUM

    BONE
    MUSCLE FIBER
    PERIMYSIUM
    ENDOMYSIUM
    FASCICLE
    Skeletal Muscle Structure
    ➢ Composed of muscle cells (fibers), connective tissue, blood vessels,
    nerves.
    ➢ Fibers are long, cylindrical, and multinucleated.
    ➢ Develop from myoblasts
    ➢ Striated appearance
    ➢ Nuclei are peripherally located under the
    sarcolemma
    ➢ Function
    ➢ Voluntary movement
    ➢ Location
    ➢ Attach to the skeleton
    Sarcoplasm
    In addition to the usual
    organelles, contains
    unusually large amounts
    of glycosomes –
    granules of stored
    glycogen
    myoglobin- red
    pigment that stores
    oxygen
    Cardiac muscle has several distinct
    characteristics:
    1. Cardiac muscle is striated, like skeletal muscle.
    2. Cardiac muscle consists of distinct, individual cells, unlike
    skeletal muscle, is not called fibers (which consists of long,
    multinucleate fibers).
    3. Cardiac muscle cells are attached end-to-end by specialized
    junctions called intercalated discs.
    4.Each end of a
    cardiac muscle cell
    may attach to two or
    more other cells, so
    that the fibrous
    structure of cardiac
    muscle appears to be
    branched (unlike
    skeletal muscle, where
    each fiber is a single,
    discrete unit).

    Skeletal muscle Cardiac Muscle


    Myocardium
    Composed of cardiac muscle fibers
    consists of muscle cells-
    cardiomyocytes
    ▪ Contractions are rhythmic,
    spontaneous and involuntary
    Function
    ▪ Contracts to propel blood into
    circulatory system
    ▪ Location
    ▪ Occurs in walls of heart
    ▪ Characteristics
    ▪ Spindle-shaped cells
    Smooth Muscle Tissue
    (myocytes)with
    central nuclei
    ▪ Arranged closely to form
    sheets
    ▪ No striations (no sarcomeres)
    ▪ The length of the myocytes is
    very variable in different
    organs. In some cases, such as
    in the uterus during pregnancy,
    the length can reach 0.5mm.
    ▪ Contractions are slow,
    sustained and resistant to
    fatigue
    ▪ Function
    ▪ Propels substances along
    internal passageways
    ▪ Involuntary control
    ▪ Location
    1. inside the eye 2. walls of vessels 3. respiratory tubes
    4. digestive tubes 5. urinary organs 6. reproductive organs
    Smooth muscle sheath
    Each cell is enclosed by a thin basal lamina
    and a fine network of reticular
    fibers(endomysium)
    The organelles are located close to the
    nucleus in two distinct poles. The rest of
    the sarcoplasm is filled with
    myofilaments
    In addition to contractile activity, smooth
    muscle cells also synthesize the
    extracellular matrix components
    normally synthesized by fibroblasts.
    Cells are linked by gap junctions
    Three types of myofilaments may be seen:
    ▪ thin myofilaments
    ▪ thick myofilaments
    ▪ intermediate filaments
    THANK YOU

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