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International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences and Technology http://www.ijrmst.com

(IJRMST) 2019, Vol. No. 8, Jul-Dec e-ISSN: 2455-5134, p-ISSN: 2455-9059

ETIOLOGICAL STUDY OF YUVAN PIDIKA

W.S.R. TO ACNE
*Sachitra Singh, *Shashibala Meena, **Shalini Rai, #Shishir Kumar Mandal

*PG Scholar, **Assistant Professor, #Associate Professor

PG Department of Rog Nidan Evum Vikriti Vigyan, AIIA, New Delhi.

ABSTRACT

In the present scenario, people are very much conscious about their health and beauty. Face is the most important
organ for reflecting the beauty of the person. This most important and beautiful organ is affected by certain anomalies
of the adolescent age i.e., 16- 30 years. One of the most important anomaly is Yuvan Pidika. The name of the disease
is self- suggestive of its nature and occurrence. Yuvan Pidika means that the disease almost takes place in young age.
It is a disease of the skin which have an adverse effect on the appearance and personality of an individual.

The features of the disease are similar to those of Acne. It has been considered as one of the common skin- disorder
as well as the disease of adolescent. Now a days due to faulty dietary habits this problem is more observed in the
society.

As, from the treatment point of view, Acharya Sushrut has stated that “Sanchepta Kiyayogo Nidanam
Parivarjanam”.So in this study we are going to take the 30 patients with classical picture of the disease Yuvan Pidika,
visiting the OPD of AIIA, New Delhi and to rule out the most common causative factors by using the questionnaire of
nidana of Yuvan Pidika. So that the we can follow the first rule treatment as per Acharya Sushruta. Because without
stopping the use of nidana, any kind of treatment will not fruit-full. So, in this article we are going to discuss about
the discussion and observation and results of the study.

Keywords: Yuvan Pidika, Acne, Mukha- dushika, skin disorder.

INTRODUCTION group of such disease of the skin which have an

adverse effect on the appearance and personality of an
In the present scenario, people are very much individual.
conscious about their health and beauty. Face is the
most important organ for reflecting the beauty of the The features of the disease are similar to those of ance.
person. It also reflects all the expression like joy, It has been considered as one of the commomn skin
sorrow, anger, excitation etc. This most important and disorder as well as the disease of adolescent. Modern
beautiful organ is affected by certain anomalies of the science belives that it is due to infectionof certain
adolescent age i.e., 16- 30 years. One of the most organ, but the disease is no more a simple reaction to
important anamoly is Yuvan Pidika. The name of the bacterial infection. It is a complex nature of underlying
disease is self suggestive of its nature and occurrence. stress, influencing of endocrine glands of the body,
Yuvan Pidika means that the disease almost takes particularly the ovary and testis, race, age, nutritional
place in young age. In Ayurvedic Classics, Acharya status, temperature, excessive use of cosmetics also
Sushruta was the first and foremost to mention a whole influence the aetiology to a greater extent.
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(IJRMST) 2019, Vol. No. 8, Jul-Dec e-ISSN: 2455-5134, p-ISSN: 2455-9059

Acharya Sushrut describes Yuvan Pidika under samgrah and astang hridaya there is a clear description
Kshudra Roga. Vitiation of kapha, vata, pitta dosha about the lakshanas and chikitsa of Yuvan Pidika.
with dushya rakta gives rise to symptoms like
swelling, pain, redness, itching in Yuvan Pidika. Now Moreover there is no description of Yuvan Pidika in
a days due to faulty dietary habits this problem is more Charak Samhita, Kashyap Samhita, Harita Samhita,
observed in the society. and Bhel Samhita.

As, from the treatment point of view, Acharya Sushrut In madhaya kaal, description of Yuvan Pidika along
has stated that “sanchepta kiyayogo nidanam with their treatment is found in Sharangadhar Samhita,
parivarjanam”. So in clinical aspect the patients with Chakra Dutta, Madhava Nidana etc.
classical picture of the disease Yuvan Pidika are
Nidana of Yuvan Pidika:
studied to rule out the most common causative factor
by using the questionare for assessment of nidana of There is no any clear description given by the
Yuvan Pidika. So that the we can follow the first rule Acharayas regarding the nidan of Yuvan Pidika. In the
treatment as per Acharya Sushruta. Because without brief description available of disease Yuvan Pidika all
stopping the use of nidana, any kind of treatment will the samhitas have mentioned kapha, vata, rakta, as the
not fruitful. causative factors of the disease while Bhavprakasha
mentioned svabhava as the cause of the disease. In
AIM / OBJECTIVES
Sarangdhara Samhita, vaktranigdhata and pidika have
To study the nidan in the patients of Yuvan Pidika. been mentioned as due to shakradhatumala. So it may
be concluded that due to svabhava of the particular
TYPE OF STUDY age; excess production of shukra dhatu and its mala is
a natural process, which along with the imbalanced
Non- Interventional, Analytical Study. state of kapha, vata, pitta, kapha and rakta produce
the disease Yuvan Pidika. So its cause is described as-
LITERATURE REVIEW
Svabhava- Bhava Prakasha
Shalmali kantakara ityadina yuvan pidikah
Shukra dhatu mala- Sarangdhara.
Yunamananm yuvanam tashya pidika yuvan pidikah
The exact description about pathogenesis is not
Prisodarudarakritigantavyakashya nakarashya lopah
available in any of the ayurvedic texts. The concept of
Yuvan Pidika looks like kantaka thron(throns) of shukra mala forwaded by Sharangadhara is also not
Shalmali(Shalmalia malabarica). The face of yuva supported by any other author but after going through
purusha(young man) is called as yuvanan. Pidika of the modern texts a similar concept, which can be
this yuva in yuvanam is called as yuvan pidika. correlated, with this concept is evident.

Mukha pachante at ev mukhdushika iti But it is described that ahar vihar which vitiate the vata
and kapha dosha along with rakta is mainly
It produces paka or pachan in mukha. So it is called responsible for this roga. So, it is very important to
mukha dushika. describe the ahar vihar which vitiate this dosha and
dushya.
There is no description of Yuvan Pidika in Vaidik Kaal
and Pauranik Kaal. In Samhitas, the first description of Poorva Rupa:
Yuvan Pdika is found in Sushrut Samhita. It includes
in Kshudra Roga and description of Yuvan Pidika Description about poorvarupa of Yuvan Pidika is not
lakshana and Chikitsa is mentioned here. In astanga clearly found in Ayurvedic Classics. It is mentioned in

98

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2019 by National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur & IConference, New Delhi
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(IJRMST) 2019, Vol. No. 8, Jul-Dec e-ISSN: 2455-5134, p-ISSN: 2455-9059

Kshudra Roga which means small or laghu. The

deseases whose description are done in very short form
and superficially is known as kshudra roga. In this Dosa dusya adhisthan in yuvan pidaka:
type of diseases description of dosha dushaya etc. are
The dosa dusya adhisthana in yuvan pidaka is as
not done vividya and mentioned in very short form.
follows:
Kshudra hetulakshanachikitshatanam
 Dosa - Kapha and Vata
kshudrarogadam
 Dushya - Rakta and Meda
So, description about poorva roopa of Yuvan Pidika is  Srotas - Shukravaha,
not available. Medovaha, Swedavaha srotas.
 Adhisthana - Mukha and Twaka
Roopa:  Srotas dusti lakshana - Sanga,
Atipravritti.
When the lakshanas which are present in purva roopa
avastha, become clearly noticeable than it is called as Complications:
rupa.
The name of the disease is self explanatory i.e.,
Prabhutlakshanam punarlingam “mukhadusika” suggesting cosmetic adverse effect
upon the face as mukhadushana in terms of vaivarnya
Although purvarupa of Yuvan Pidika is not available,
or discoloration and vranavastu or scars of temporary
but its rupa is described by almost all the acharyas.
or permanent nature.
According to them it looks like the kantaka(thorn) of
shalmali and associated with ruja(pain). In modern, it can be corelated with Acne vulgaris is a
chronic inflammatory condition of the pilosebaceous
Acharya Sushruta describes its appearance as like as
follicles on the face and upper trunk. It is characterized
the shalmalikantaka. Kapha, vaata and rakta are
by the development of comedon (black heads),
responsible for it and its adhisthana is vakra(face).
papules, pustules and cysts which may resolve to leave
In Astanga Hriday yuvan pidika is mentioned as like acne meaning chaff (seed covering, very itchy when
as the shalmali kantaka. More over it is seen in contacted.). It is one of the cosmetic disorders all over
mukha(face) and it has the lakshanas like saruja, the world. The sites of predilection are face, shoulder,
ghana and medogarbha. There is same description of chest and back. Acne affects the parts where sebaceous
yuvan pidaka available in Astanga Sangrah. glands are large and numerous. It develops at puberty
when the sebaceous glands are more active. Acne is
Acharya Madhavakar described Yuvan Pidaka as the most common skin disease facing mankind, it
Kapha, Vata and Raktaja and it looks like the shalmali afflicts 89% of seventeen years old to some degree.
kantaka. It affects only mukha region .
Pathogenesis of acne:
Acharya Bhavmishra explains that yuvan pidika looks
similar to shalmali kantaka and it is originated by The precise mechanisms of acne are not known but
kapha, vayu and rakta. It appears naturally in the face there are four major pathogenesis factors:
of the young adults. In the description of yuvan pidaka,
1. Increased sebum production
in Yogaratnakara it is mentioned that yuvan pidaka
2. Hyper cornification of pilosebaceous duct,
looks like shalmali kantaka and kapha, vata and rakta
3. Abnormal bacterial function and
are mainly responsible for it.
4. Production of inflammation.

99

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2019 by National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur & IConference, New Delhi
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences and Technology http://www.ijrmst.com

(IJRMST) 2019, Vol. No. 8, Jul-Dec e-ISSN: 2455-5134, p-ISSN: 2455-9059

 Season: The disease is aggressive more in

winter than in summer. The condition
Predisposing Factors: improves during the summer when natural
sunrays in the form of ultraviolet radiation, is
There are some factors, which do not produce the acne
taken by the skin. The condition of the
but prepare a floor to the acne production. The factors
disease is worse in the winter and spring
create some conditions in the body, favouring for the
months.
occurrence of acne. These factors can be enlisted as-

Diet: certain foods especially butter, cream, MATERIAL AND METHODS

ice cream, chocolates, fried foods, fats, Materials:
sweets overeating, chillies etc., aggravated Selection of individuals: In present study 30
the conditions. Their over consumption leads individuals having clinical symptoms of Yuvan Pidika
to deposition in the adipose tissue ultimately were selected from the patients who visits the Skin
producing adiposity. Their exclusion from OPD, AIIA, New Delhi irrespective to their gender,
the diet of the patients, show a quick response religion, occupation, socioeconomic status.
to the treatment.
 Climate: the climatic factors influence the Methods:
course and extent of lesions. The most Study design is majorly divided into two parts:
common is moist temperature climate. 1. To select the patients having sign and
 Use of cosmetics: some authorities symptoms of Yuvan Pidika
mentioned excess use of greasy cosmetics as 2. To study the nidan of Yuvan Pidika by using
the cause of acne form lesions; as it blocks a questionnaire formed according to classical texts.
the pores of sebaceous glands preventing the
Inclusion criteria:
outcome of the sweat as well as fresh open air
essential for the healthy skin is obstructed. 1. Patients were selected on the basis of
 Mental stress: there is no evidence that classical sign and symptoms of Yuvan Pidika.
sebaceous glands are under nervous control 2. Patients of either gender
but there is no doubt that mental stress can
aggravate acne. Exclusion criteria:
 Constipation: a common predisposing cause
to produce acne is intestinal stasis, especially Patients of skin disorders other than Yuvan Pidika.
the constipation.
OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS:

80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
20-30yrs 31- 40yrs 41-50yrs 50- 60yrs

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(IJRMST) 2019, Vol. No. 8, Jul-Dec e-ISSN: 2455-5134, p-ISSN: 2455-9059

Table: 1, Age wise distribution of individuals of Yuvan Pidika

In present study, maximum individuals are in the age 20- 30 years, (70%) , followed by 20% of individuals are in the
age group of 31- 40 years and only 10% are of 41- 50 years and no individuals was found beyond the age of 50 years.

Table 2, Gender wise distribution of individuals of Yuvan Pidika.

In present study, out of 30 patients 60 % individuals were females and rest 40% were males.

Hindu Muslims Buddhist

Table 3, Religion wise distribution of individuals of Yuvan Pidika.

Out of 30 individuals maximum individuals were found in Hindu religion i.e., 70% followed by 20% of Muslim
religion and very less i.e.,10% were belongs to Buddhism.

101

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(IJRMST) 2019, Vol. No. 8, Jul-Dec e-ISSN: 2455-5134, p-ISSN: 2455-9059

100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%

Table 4, Study of Nidana in the patients of Yuvan Pidika.

DISCUSSION: pidika is mentioned in the form of percentage in the

given table.
Table1 Age: Observation reveals that out of 30
patients, maximum patients of Yuvan Pidika are from CONCLUSION:
young age. According to Acharya Charaka age from
16 to 30 years are comes under madhyama avastha. The study shows that maximum number patients
intake oily substances which is responsible for
Table 2 Gender: Percentage of female patients were vitiation of meda. The study shows also shows that
observed more than male patients that is female maximum number of patients like to prefer fast food
patients were 60%, it may be due to random selection which are lavana, katu , spicy dominant and are
of patients and females are more consicious towards responsible for vitiation of pitta and rakta, which is
her beauty. turn aggravate vata. Such aggravation held responsible
for production of Yuvan Pidika. The study also shows
Table 3 Religion: out of 30 patients in the study a great effect of stress(chinta) and aggressive nature
maximum numbers of patients were found in Hindu (krodha) on the production of Yuvan Pidika. The stress
Religion they were 70%, 20% were from Muslims causes excess secretion of androgens and subsequently
Religion and only 3 patients that is 10% were from leads to Yuvan Pidika.
Buddha Religion, it may be population distribution in
area of study. LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY:

Table 4 Study of Nidan in the Patients of Yuvan As the study is conducted on a very small sample, this
Pidika: A questionnaire of Nidan of Yuvan Pidika was can be done further on a large sample size.
prepared according to the classical texts. And the
number of patients consuming the nidana of yuvan

102

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(IJRMST) 2019, Vol. No. 8, Jul-Dec e-ISSN: 2455-5134, p-ISSN: 2455-9059

The study is conducted only in one hospital , this can 21. Advanced Dermatologic Diagnosis, by
be done on various population of different community Shelly and Shelly.
to see the nidan of Yuvan Pidika.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:

1. Astang Hridya – Sarvangasundara

commentary by Arundatta
2. Astang Sangraha – Shashilekha commentary
by Indu
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commentary by Chakarpani
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Satyapal Bhishagacharya
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Sharma, Chaukhambha Orientalia, Delhi.
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Desai,
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illness- Ross and Wilson
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20. Robbins Pathology Basis of Disease
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