Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter discusses and presents the related literature and studies about the

influence of Social Media and Its Impact to academic life of students.

Foreign Literature

Students can use social media to complete a familiar task in a novel way. It allows

students to openly review and remark on their campus settings, institutional regulations,

classes, instructors, administration, and other students in real time. For quite some time,

the enhanced and better use of social media platforms such as Facebook has become a

worldwide phenomenon. Though it began as a hobby for a few computer literates, it has

evolved into a social norm and way of life for students all over the world. Social media

experts around our campuses almost ignored, bearing with it the huge weight of social

injustices and complicated jurisprudence collected over decades of student discourse

(Gurcan 2015). No one is arguing that we put a brake on social media, given its potential

for beneficial influence, and the technology is already beyond our control in many areas.

According to Junco et al (2010), “Social media” is a term used to describe a set of

websites, services, and activities that promote collaboration, community building,

involvement, and sharing. It is impossible to deny the importance of social media use

among today's young. Social networking has grown in popularity among second-year

students throughout the years. It's a method to connect with peers outside of school as

well as on campus. Many people feel as though they belong to a community when they

use social networking. Because of its growing popularity, economists and teachers are
asking whether students' grades are influenced by how much time they spend on these

platforms. (Choney, 2010).

According to Lenhart et al., (2010), Approximately 57 percent of social media

users are between the ages of 18-29, and they have several social media profiles. Pempek,

Yermolayeva, and Calvert (2009) concluded that the amount of time spent on social

networking sites on a daily basis varied substantially. However, data analysis revealed

that most participants spent about thirty minutes per day socializing, especially in the

evenings between 9 p.m. and 12 a.m. Students spent an average of 47 minutes each day

on Facebook. More than half of all college students use social networking sites on a daily

basis.(Sheldon, 2008). According to Quan-Haase and Young (2010), 82 percent of

college students check onto Facebook many times each day. To remain in touch with

peers from high school or from their hometown, younger students used Facebook more

frequently than older students (Pempek et al., 2009)

(Olowu & Seri 2012) found that students in Nigeria spend too much time on

social networking sites at the expense of other important things like their schoolwork in a

survey of 884 students from several institutions in Nigeria. They said that the usage of

these social networking sites by teenagers is bordering on obsession.

Choney, (2010), MehMood & Taswir, (2013), Kist (2008), Jacobsen & Forste,

(2011), believe that the usage of technology, such as the internet, is one of the most

critical variables that can have a favorable or bad impact on students' educational

achievement. Many parents and guardians are concerned that students are spending too

much time on Facebook and other social media sites and are not getting enough time to

study.
Local Literature

Everyone benefited greatly from social networks, particularly students and other

members of society. Many all around the globe can benefit from social networks, but the

problem is that people, particularly students, lose their self-control when utilizing them.

Facebook is the most popular social networking site among students nowadays,

where they can share and publish videos, photos, messages, and chat. Every student

nowadays is familiar with Twitter, which allows people to communicate their feelings,

thoughts, and ideas.

Perez et al., (2011) conceptualized internet use as people's capacity to adopt,

access, and use the internet for a wide range of information gathering. He also discovered

that the majority of his survey participants agreed that the internet provides them with

more comfort in their everyday lives.

According to College of Criminal Justice, Typically first-year students, male,

between the ages of 17 and 18, who often use Facebook on their mobile through WiFi,

and have a weighted average of 2.26-2.00. The reported impacts of social media on

academic achievement include saving a lot of time due to simple access and data

transmission owing to collaboration with others via social networking sites.

Republic Act 10175, often known as the "Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012,"

examines how internet users might be secured in the Philippines. In an article published

in the Philippine Daily Inquirer (2011), Koo suggested that schools teach "cyber ethics"

in values education programs.

percentage of Filipinos using social media climbed from 40% in 2015 to 47% in 2016.

This data indicates that social media remains an important aspect of Filipinos' lives,

especially as their access to the Internet via mobile phones and other electronic devices

has risen (Castro, 2016). In the article by Digital Marketing Philippines, 65 percent of the

40 million active social media users are teens and young adults, with 81 percent

accessing their accounts on a daily basis (Gregorio, 2013).

In addition, Napoleon (2010) stated that Students' academic performance suffers

as a result of their exposure to social media. Students are spending more time on social

media than reading books, and they are also depending on social media to complete their

tasks without consulting other sources. The impact of social media on academic

achievement is poor.
Synthesis of Related Literature Review

The literatures above simply define that social networking sites may be a useful

tool for connecting with others who share same interests and objectives. Within their own

profiles, students may also discuss ideas, activities, events, and interests. It allows users

to communicate with their peers and keep in contact with diverse individuals. With a

broad and challenging curriculum that respects variation in student learning skills, social

media may assist give fundamental education in the goal of academic achievement, value

information and skill development.

Professor Anjali Abhyankar (2011) from Symbiosis Institute Of Business

Management at Pune, Maharashtra 412115, India pointed out that human beings have

always been involved with some type of social structure that has grown throughout

generations. According to Professor Abhyankar, A social network is an online

community where people from all over the world may form connections with various

organizations or individuals for a specific purpose. It produces a network of linked

things, similar to a tree with several branches and nodes. These branches represent the

many groups, communities, and forums that a person want to join. As a result, a social

network depicts the connections between nodes (people) and flows between branches

(groups, communities, forums, organizations etc.)

Moreover, the study of Nwazor, Joseph Chukwudi (Ph. D) and Godwin-Maduike,

Chinwe on the Department of Vocational Education, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka,

Anambra State & Nigeria Constance revealed that Students have effectively tapped into

the possibilities and potentials of social media, particularly Facebook. For social contacts

and involvement, about 95% of the studied population uses Facebook. However, just

28% of respondents use Facebook for academic Journal of Education and Practice

objectives, which is concerning. Given that the website was built by a student for the use
of fellow classmates, one would anticipate students to consolidate and develop the

platform for academic content sharing.

According to Owusu-Acheaw & Larson's (2015) research, it was determined that

social media use had harmed their respondents' academic accomplishment, and that there

was a definite beneficial relationship between social media use and academic

performance. Students that spend more time on social media are predicted to perform

poorly in school since they spend more time talking and making friends with social media

than reading books, which will undoubtedly hurt their academic performance.

In the study of Masrom, Busalim, Abuhassna, Mahmood (2021), the findings

showed that the number of research addressing student behavior on online social

networks (OSNs) has lately grown. Furthermore, the papers discovered focused on five

study streams: academic purpose, cyber victimization, addiction, personality difficulties,

and knowledge sharing behaviors. The majority of these research looked at how OSNs

are utilized and how they affect student academic achievement.

Local studies

Kulidtod and Pasiguio\ (2017) revealed that only sex was shown to have a

substantial relationship with social media and academic achievement. This suggests that

female Institute students were more exposed to social networking sites than male

students. As a result, their academic performance is significantly higher than male pupils

who rarely utilize this medium.

In addition, Tamayo & dela Cruz (2014) studied the use of social media sites and

academic performance of Bachelor of Science in Information Technology students at

with students' learning and has a direct impact on their attendance at school.

Arieta (2017) confirmed that study habits of senior high students of Davao

Doctors College are affected by their time management, study environment, and use of

social media, and that these factors impact their academic performance.

Furthermore, De Guzman (2017) showed that the benefits of adopting social

media in education and learning are moderately associated among Apayao State College

students. The majority of respondents are only moderately conscious of their ethical level

while dealing with challenges and trends that affect their academic performance and

social media use. In certain ways, the students' profile and use of social media impact

their technological ethical judgments. Some students' technology ethics choices are

influenced by their use of social media.

The aforementioned review of related studies regarding on the use of social

networking sites/social media, it simply states that social media benefits us in a variety of

ways, but that everything has a limit. If we, especially students, keep our social media

usage under control, we can still see what is going on in our environment with our own

eyes rather than relying on the internet.