Articulatory Transition of Vowel and Consonant Phonemes

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In the process of speech, that is in the process of transition from the articulatory work of one sound to

the articulatory work of the neighbouring one, sounds are modified. These modifications can be
conditioned:

a) by the complementary distribution of phonemes,

b) by the contextual variations in which phonemes may occur at the junction of words

c) by the style of speech: official or rapid colloquial.

Assimilation is a modification of a consonant under the influence of a neighbouring consonant. When a


consonant is modified under the influence of an adjacent vowel or vice versa this phenomenon is called
adaptation or accommodation, e. g. tune, keen, lea, cool.

Assimilation can be:

1. progressive, when the first of the two sounds affected by assimilation makes the second sound similar
to itself, e. g. in desks the sounds /k/ make the plural inflection s similar to the voiceless /k/.

2. regressive, when the second of the two sounds affected by assimilation makes the first sound similar
to itself, e. g. in the combination at the the alveolar /t/ becomes dental, assimilated to the interdental / ð
/ which follows it;

3. double, when the two adjacent sounds influence each other, e.g. twice /t/ is rounded under the
influence of /w/ and /w/ is partly devoiced under (he influence of the voiceless /t/.

Accommodation is the process of mutual influence of consonants and vowels. The modification in the
articulation of a consonant under the influence of an adjacent vowel is called accommodation. In
accommodation the accommodated sound does not change its main phonemic features and is
pronounced slightly modified under the influence of a neighboring sound.

In phonetics and phonology, elision is the omission of a sound (a phoneme) in speech. Elision is common
in casual conversation.

More specifically, elision may refer to the omission of an unstressed vowel, consonant, or syllable. This
omission is often indicated in print by an apostrophe. Verb: elide. Etymology is from the Latin, "to strike
out". Elision of sounds can . . . be seen clearly in contracted forms like isn't (is not), I'll (I shall/will), who's
(who is/has), they'd (they had, they should, or they would), haven't (have not) and so on. We see from
these examples that vowels or/and consonants can be elided. In the case of contractions or words like
library(pronounced in rapid speech as /laibri/), the whole syllable is elided." (Tej R Kansakar, "A Course in
English Phonetics". Orient Blackswan, 1998)

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