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    Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus

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    The medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) is a bundle of axons in the brainstem that connects cranial nerve nuclei involved in eye movement. It carries signals about which direction the eyes should move and integrates input from various areas. Damage to the MLF causes internuclear ophthalmoplegia, where adduction of one eye is slowed or absent when looking in the opposite direction.

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    Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus

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    sakuraleeshaoran
    68 views5 pages
    The medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) is a bundle of axons in the brainstem that connects cranial nerve nuclei involved in eye movement. It carries signals about which direction the eyes should move and integrates input from various areas. Damage to the MLF causes internuclear ophthalmoplegia, where adduction of one eye is slowed or absent when looking in the opposite direction.

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    Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus

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    The medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) is a bundle of axons in the brainstem that connects cranial nerve nuclei involved in eye movement. It carries signals about which direction the eyes should move and integrates input from various areas. Damage to the MLF causes internuclear ophthalmoplegia, where adduction of one eye is slowed or absent when looking in the opposite direction.

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    68 views5 pages

    Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus

    Uploaded by

    sakuraleeshaoran
    The medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) is a bundle of axons in the brainstem that connects cranial nerve nuclei involved in eye movement. It carries signals about which direction the eyes should move and integrates input from various areas. Damage to the MLF causes internuclear ophthalmoplegia, where adduction of one eye is slowed or absent when looking in the opposite direction.

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    Medial longitudinal fasciculus

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    Medial longitudinal fasciculus

    Transverse section of mid-brain at level of inferior colliculi. (Medial

    longitudinal fasciculus labeled at center right.)

    Axial section through mid-brain.

    1. Corpora quadrigemina.

    2. Cerebral aqueduct.
    3. Central gray stratum.

    4. Interpeduncular space.

    5. Sulcus lateralis.

    6. Substantia nigra.

    7. Red nucleus of tegmentum.

    8. Oculomotor nerve, with 8’, its nucleus oforigin. a. Lemniscus (in

    blue) with a’ the medial lemniscus and a" the lateral lemniscus.

    b. Medial longitudinal fasciculus. c. Raphe. d. Temporopontine fibers.

    e. Portion of medial lemniscus, which runs to the lentiform

    nucleus and insula. f. Cerebrospinal fibers. g. Frontopontine fibers.

    Details

    Identifiers

    Latin fasciculus longitudinalis medialis

    NeuroNames 1588, 784

    NeuroLex ID nlx_144065

    TA98 A14.1.04.113

    A14.1.05.304

    A14.1.06.209

    TA2 5867

    FMA 83846

    Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy

    [edit on Wikidata]

    The medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) is one of a pair of crossed


    over tracts, on each side of the brainstem. These bundles of axons are situated
    near the midline of the brainstem and are made up of both ascending and
    descending fibers that arise from a number of sources and terminate in different
    areas. The MLF is the main central connection for the oculomotor
    nerve, trochlear nerve, and abducens nerve. The vertical gaze center is at
    the rostral interstitial nucleus (riMLF).
    The MLF ascends to the interstitial nucleus of Cajal, which lies in the lateral wall
    of the third ventricle, just above the cerebral aqueduct.

    Contents

     1Function
     2Clinical significance
     3Inputs
     4History
     5See also
     6Additional images
     7References
     8External links

    Function[edit]
    The medial longitudinal fasciculus carries information about the direction that
    the eyes should move.
    It connects the cranial nerve nuclei III (Oculomotor nerve), IV (Trochlear nerve)
    and VI (Abducens nerve) together, and integrates movements directed by the
    gaze centers (frontal eye field) and information about head movement
    (from cranial nerve VIII, Vestibulocochlear nerve). It is an integral component
    of saccadic eye movements as well as vestibulo-ocular and optokinetic reflexes.
    It also carries the descending tectospinal tract and medial vestibulospinal
    tracts into the cervical spinal cord, and innervates some muscles of the neck and
    upper limbs.

    Clinical significance[edit]
    A lesion of the MLF produces slowed or absent adduction of the ipsilateral eye
    upon contralateral gaze, usually associated with involuntary jerky eye
    movements (nystagmus) of the abducting eye, a syndrome called internuclear
    ophthalmoplegia. Because multiple sclerosis causes demyelination of the axons
    of CNS, it can cause internuclear ophthalmoplegia when MLF axons get
    demyelinated,[1] where it presents as pathologic nystagmus and diplopia.

    Inputs[edit]
    The ascending MLF mainly arises from the superior and medial vestibular
    nucleus (VN) and is involved in the generation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex
    (VOR). This is achieved by inputs to the VN from:

    1. the vestibulocochlear (8th cranial) nerve about head movements,


    2. gait adjustments from the flocculus of the cerebellum,
    3. head and neck proprioceptors and foot and ankle muscle spindle, via
    the fastigial nucleus.

    Descending fibers can also arise from the superior colliculus in the rostral
    midbrain for visual reflexes, the accessory occulomotor nuclei in the rostral
    midbrain for visual tracking, and the pontine reticular formation, which facilitates
    extensor muscle tone. Ascending tracts arise from the vestibular nucleus (VN)
    and terminate in the III, IV and VI nuclei, which are important for visual tracking.

    History[edit]
    In 1846 neurologist Benedict Stilling first referred to what is now known as the
    MLF as the acusticus, followed by Theodor Meynert in 1872 calling it posterior.
    But in 1891, Heinrich Schutz chose the name dorsal to describe the longitudinal
    bundle, "for brevity's sake". This name stuck despite other authors attempting
    further renaming (Ramon y Cajal's periependymal in 1904, Theodor
    Ziehen's nubecula dorsalis in 1913). But finally, it was Wilhelm His Sr. who
    changed the name to medial for the sake of the Basle nomenclature to end the
    confusion.[2]

    See also[edit]
     Listing's law

    Additional images[edit]

    Decussation of pyramids.

    References[edit]
    1. ^ Multiple Sclerosis Encyclopaedia
    2. ^ F, Schiller (1984).  "When Is Posterior Not Dorsal but Medial?". Neurology. PMID 6366612.
    Retrieved 2020-06-04.

    External links[edit]
     Atlas image: n2a4p4 at the University of Michigan Health System -
    "Brainstem, Cranial Nerve Nuclei, Sagittal Section, Medial View"
     https://web.archive.org/web/20091021004541/http://isc.temple.edu/neuroa
    natomy/lab/atlas/papc/

    show

    Anatomy of the medulla

    show

    Anatomy of the pons

    show

    Anatomy of the midbrain

    show

    Optical illusions (list)

    MA: 2776351355

    TA98: A14.1.04.113, A14.1.05.304, A14.1.06.209
    Categories: 
     Brainstem
     Central nervous system pathways

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