DISTRICT DISASTER MANAGEMENT

PLAN-2017

SIVAGANGA DISTRICT

DISTRICT DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY

 Index / Contents

Sl. Page No.

TOPIC
No. From To
1. Introduction 3 4

2. Profile of Sivaganga District 5 10

3. State Disaster Management Plan Overview 11 19

Hazard, Vulnerability and Risk Assessment in

4. 20 24
Sivaganga District
5. Preventive Measures 25 31

6. Preparedness Measures 32 47

7. Disaster Responce 48 50

Reconstruction, Rehabilitation and Recovery

8. 51 53
Programme
9. Disaster / Risk Management Strategies 54 63

Mainstreaming Concerns into Development

10. 64 79
Plans / Programmes and Projects
11. Financial Arrangements 80

12. Monitoring and Evaluation 81

13. District Officers Mobile & Phone Numbers 82 99

People Centered Advisory (Do’s and Don’t’s

14. 100 106
during disasters)
Revised Norms of assistance for sanction of
relief under SDRF and National Disaster
15. 107 119
Response Fund (NDRF)
16. Minimum Standards for Relief Camp 120 121

17. First Responders 122 129

18. Equipments inventories 130 131

19. Chart of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk 132 134

20. Abbreviations 135 138

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 AN INTRODUCTION TO DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Concept and Meaning

A disaster is a consequence of a sudden disastrous event which seriously disrupts

the normal function of the society or the community to the extent that it cannot subsist
without outside help. A disaster is not just the occurrence of an event such as an
earthquake, flood, conflict, health epidemic or an industrial accident; a disaster occurs if
that event/process negatively impacts human populations. Disasters combine two
elements: hazard, and the vulnerability of affected people. "A disaster occurs when a
hazard exposes the vulnerability of individuals and communities in such a way that their
lives are directly threatened or sufficient harm has been done to their community's
economic and social structure to undermine their ability to survive.

A disaster can be defined as any tragic event stemming from events such as
earthquakes, floods, catastrophic accidents, fires, or explosions. It is a phenomenon that
disasters can cause damage to life, property and destroy the economic, social and cultural
life of people. Disaster is the exposure of a group of people to a hazard, leading to a
serious disruption of the functioning of a society and causing human, material, economic
environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected community or society to
cope. A disaster results from a combination of hazards and vulnerability that exceeds the
capacity of a society to reduce the potential negative consequences of risk. Hazard is an
extreme event, natural or man-made , with a destructive potential to social, economic and
human assets. These may include future threats, and may be “natural” (geological, hydro
meteorological and biological) or man-made”

Disasters are often described as a result of the combination of: the exposure to a
hazard; the conditions of vulnerability that are present; and insufficient capacity or
measures to reduce or cope with the potential negative consequences. Disaster impacts
may include loss of life, injury, disease and other negative effects on human physical,
mental and social well-being, together with damage to property, destruction of assets,
loss of services, social and economic disruption and environmental degradation. A
disaster is a calamitous, distressing, or ruinous effect of a disastrous event which
seriously affects or disrupts (or threaten to disrupt) the critical functions of a community,
society or system, for a period long enough to significantly harm it or cause its failure. It

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is beyond the capapabilty of the local community to overcome it. The stricken community
needs extraordinary efforts to cope with it, often with outside help or international aid.

Definition

The World Health Organization defines disaster as “ any occurrence that causes
damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life, deterioration of health and health
services, on a scale sufficient to warrant an extordinary response from outside the
affected community or area”

Types of Disaster

Disasters are broadly divided into two types

1) Natural disasters (2) Manmade disasters

Natural Disasters

Natural disasters occur as the result of action of the natural forces and tend to be
accepted as unfortunate, but inevitable. They include famines, droughts, tornadoes ,
hurricanes, floods, sea surges, tsunamis, etc.

Man made Disasters

Accidents, industrial disasters, nuclear and radiation, famine, epidemics, wars,

fires, terrorists attacks and riots are some of the man made disasters.

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 CHAPTER – I

PROFILE OF SIVAGANGA DISTRICT

District came to existence on 15.03.1985

Total area 4189. Sq.km.

Total population 13,39,101

Height from sea level 39.83 m MSL

Latitude 9.49’ N to 10.2 ‘N

Longitude 77.47 E to 78.49 E

District boundaries Land Locked by Districts

East – Ramanathapuram

West _ Madurai and virudhunagar

North – Pudukottai
South _ Ramanathapuram and Virudhunagar.

Tahsil (9) Sivagangai, Kalayarkovil, Manamadurai,

Thiruppuvanam, Ilayangudi, Devakottai, Karaikudi,
Thiruppathur and Singampunari

Development Block(12) Sivagangai, Kalayarkovil, Manamadurai,

Thiruppuvanam, Ilayangudi, Devakottai, Kannankudi,
Sakkottai, Kallal, Thiruppathur, Singampunari and
S.Pudur.

Town Panchayat (12) Nattarasankottai, Manamadurai, Thiruppuvanam,

Ilayangudi, Kottaiyur, Kandanur, Kanadukathan,
Puduvayal, Pallathur, Thiruppathur, Singampunari
and Nerkuppai.

Municipalities (3) Sivaganga, Devakottai and Karaikudi

Total Revenue Villages 521

Total Panchayat 445

Town Panchayat 12

Town Municipality 03

Population Density 320 per Sq.Km

Sex Ratio 1003

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Average Rainfall 904.7

Major River Vaigai

Literacy Rate 79.9%

Male 87.9%

Female 71.9%

Land holding pattern Plain area

Cropping pattern Paddy, Cotton, Chilly, Groudnuts, Sugarcane, Rainfed

crops, etc

Horticulture crops All Vegetables and fruits

Livelihood Activities Agriculture

Major Drinking water sources Ground water, CWSS with Cauvery and Vaigai as
source, Own ground water source

Critical Establishment NIL

Climate and Weather Moderate

Critical Infrastructure as Small Scale and Moderate Industries

industries

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Number of Taluks 9
Number of Revenue Villages 521
(Select any taluk)
Revenue
Taluk
Villages
Sivaganga 67
Kalaiyarkoil 63
Manamadurai 41
Thiruppuvanam 43
Ilayankudi 52
Devakottai 91
Karaikudi 64
Tirupathur 51
Singampunari 49

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 1.1 GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION:

Sivaganga District is the 27th largest district by population size and the density of
people per Sq.Km is 324 as per 2011 census Sivaganga district is located between 9˚.43’
and 10˚.22’ North Latitude and 77˚, 47’ and 78˚.49’ East longitudes. It covers area of
4189 sq.km. It is bounded by the Pudukottai District on the North. Madurai and
Virudhunagar Districts the west and Ramanathapuram on the west and south. It is a
landlocked district.

1.2 DISTRICT AT A GLANCE:

Sivaganga District has a population of 13,39,101 out of which 6,68,672 are males
and 6,70,429 are females. The district is placed 29th (32) in respect of population
density. The sex ratio is 1000. The total literacy rate 80.46%.

1.3 PHYSIOGRAPHY:

Sivaganga district has red soil and clay soil. The familiar landscape is of palm and
acacias. The Vaigai River flows in the district which fill water to around 100 tanks. A
small hillocks in Piranmalai and small hillock at Kundrakudi are the hills in the district
worth mentioning.

1.4 CLIMATE:

The climate is almost dry and sultry, especially during summer months. During the
winter season (i.e.) December to January the temperature is below the normal.

1.4.1. TEMPERATURE:

The district experiences sunshine and moderate high temperature through the
year. The maximum temperature of 42˚-43˚C. The months of April and May are the
hottest months and the cold weather prevails only during December – January.

1.4.2. RAINFALL:

The district receives normal, annual rainfall of 904.7mm and the season wise
rainfall distribution is tabulated as below.

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 Normal Rainfall
Season Month
(rounded to nearest mm)
Winter January-February 45
Hot weather March – May 136
Southwest Monsoon June – September 310
North east monsoon October – December 414
Total 905
Sivaganga District lies in the rainfall receiving region of the State along with
Ramanathapuram and Virudhunagar Districts.

1.5. GEOLOGY:

The mineral available in the District include yellow ochre, graphite, latarite and
lime stone, the large portions of land comprises of sedimentary rock area covered by
latarite soil.
1.6 HYDROGEOLOGY:
The major water bearing formation is the sedimentary and hard rock formation.
The average depth of water level during pre monsoon level is 1.93 meter to 16.2 meters
and for monsoon period the water level is 0.57 meter 15.5 meter.
1.7 SOIL AND AGRO CLIMATE ZONE:
The predominant soils of Sivaganga are black red sandy soil and it falls in the
southern zone of agro-climatic zone of TamilNadu.
1.8 DRAINAGE SYSTEM:
Besides River Vaigai, the other small rivers are Uppar, Manimuthar, Virusuliyar,
Saruganiyar and Thennar, Palar, Kottakariyar, Pambar, and two basins namely
Manimuthar Basin Division, and Saruganiar Basin Division.
1.9 LAKES / RESERVOIRS:
There are no Major lakes (or) reservoirs on this district. The total number of major
tanks are 1451. Besides this nearly 2928 union tanks are also available in the district,
which forms the major source of water, received through Vaigai / Periyar canals as well
as rain water.
1.10 FORESTS/NATURAL VEGETATION:

The total forest area in Sivaganga District is 16,533 hectares which accounts for
only 4.3% of the land, which is very low when compared to the State forest cover of
17.59% which is also very low when compared to 33.33% of National Forest Policy
1988. The total cropped area is very far below than the State level as a whole. The total
cropped area is 98,080 hectares.

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 1.11 Demography:

According to 2011 census, the total Population of the District stood at 13,39,101
person with a sex ratio of 1000. The official decadal growth of our district is 16.09%.

1.12 Administrative Units:

The total area of the district is 4189 sq.km. The Major administrative units of the
District Constitutes 2 Revenue Divisions, 9 Taluks, 39 Firkhas, 521 Revenue Villages, 3
Municipalities, 12 Town Panchayats, 12 Blocks and 445 Village Panchayats.

1.13 Urbanization:

The total Urban Population of the District is around 30% of the total Population.

1.14.Health:

The District has a three tier health system comprising of Hospitals, PHCs, Health
units, Community Help Centres and Sub Centres. The District has one Medical College, 29
Government Hospitals, 75 PHC and 275 Medical sub centres. The infant mortality rate
(IMR) of Sivaganga District is lowest among the major districts.

1.15 Road Network:

National Highways connecting Rameswaram and Madurai passes through this

District. Now major roads are being brought under NHAI and the district is very well
connected by roads to the neighboring districts.

1.16 Railway Network:

The total length of Railway line is 131.49km. The Manamadurai and Karaikudi are
important junctions in the District, and gauge conversion is in progress from Karaikudi-
Aranthangi segments.

1.17 Airport:

There is no airport in the District and the major airport available nearest to the
District is the Madurai Airport, which 45km from the District headquarters, Sivaganga.

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 Chapter II

State Disaster Management Plan - Overview

2.1 District Disaster Management Plan (DDMP):

The objective of DDMP is to formulate a set of guidelines, based on the NDMP and
SDMP which will be a well defined mechanism to meet any eventualities in future and
which have to be updated based on the district needs, under the supervision of the
District Collector in consultation with all line departments in accordance with the
provisions of the Disaster Management Act. 2005. The various emergency support
function of line departments are to be listed out in this plan. An inventory of resources
available in the District is to be provided. The DDMA have to be fine tuned by the
requirement of the individual areas and emergency situations.

2.2 Vision:

To build a Safer Disaster resilient district by developing a pragmatic, multifaceted

strategy for disaster management that will harness collective efforts of all stake holders
incase of any eventuality.

2.3 Aim of District Disaster Management Plan:

• To outline the vulnerability of different parts of district to different type of

disasters

• Set in place a reliable forecasting and early warning systems

• To specify measures to be adopted for prevention & mitigation of disasters

• Highlights the role of NGO’s and other NGO in different phases of managing
disasters

• Develop Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for various possible disaster

• Define roles and responsibilities of different line departments

• Integration of mitigation measures with all line departments

2.4 Scope of Plan:

The DDMP provides plan for approach that looks at the four possible phases of
disasters in an overlapping manner, which requires different approaches and responses
to the situation on hand

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 Disaster Response

Pre- Post-
Disaster Disaster

Preparenes Recovery
s

Mitigation:
Prevention
& Risk
Reduction

2.4.1 Non-Disaster:

The prepaid of normalcy and this period is suitable to prepare for sensitizing and
to create awareness in facing any eventuality during this period, possible disaster risks
are to be identified and steps to be taken to reduce causalities and damages.

2.4.2 Pre-Disaster:

The phase when the disaster is going to happen and there is regular possibility of
panic and to mitigate the impact of likely disaster. The focus is on safeguarding lives and
assets of area likely to be affected in a coordinated manner.

2.4.3 During-Disaster:

This phase will test the preparedness and training given to the community to face
the immediate needs of the affected community in the shortest possible time. Quick
response, mobilization of all resources to the safety & rescue of life to property and other
mitigation activities will determine the effective response at this stage.

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2.4.4 Post Disaster:

The impact of the disaster requires manifold steps to restore normally both in
short term to long term. This phase will work on the measures to bring back the
community to normalcy using all available resources within the shortest possible time.

2.5 Community based Disaster Management:

The local people (or) the community is the first to respond along with the
departmental team. Hence the response to the disaster should naturally harnessed from
the member of the community, local volunteers and organization before the Government
step in each and every citizen should play a important role during and after emergencies.

They are the one to be involved in search & rescue activities. The government in
partnership with community organization should educate & train the local community in
the period of disaster.

2.6 Community Based Disaster Management (CBDM) Approaches:

It is the approach which will contribute to build the capacity of communities to

assess their vulnerability to hazards and to develop strategies & resources and to
respond, rehabilitate and reconstruct following the disaster.

• Sufficient training and awareness should be given to the community as they

are the first responders to act incase of any disaster.

• To Provide adequate resources and support for risk reduction

• Identify the most vulnerable group [e.g] children, people with disabilities &
old age persons

• To prepare local risk Mitigation & Management Plan

• Constituting teams at Village / Taluk / Block / District level and to train

according

• Conducting mock drills / rehearsals at community level

2.7 Agencies Involved in Disaster Management:

The disaster management is cut across all section both public and private and
requires involvement of multiple decisions in a cohesive manner.

2.7.1 District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA):

The DDMA is similar in functioning to the State level Authority and is the planning,
coordinating and monitoring body at the district level headed by the District Collector.

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 The member of DDMA are

i) The District Collector – Chair Person

ii) The District Panchayat Secretary –Co-Chair Person

iii) The Superintendent of Police

iv) The District Revenue Officer (Chief Executive Officer)

v) P.A (General) to the Collector

vi) Additional Collector / PD (DRDA)

vii) Joint / Deputy Director of Health Services

viii) Superintendenting Engineer (PWD / WRO / Madurai)

ix) Dean, Sivaganga Medical College

The DDMA shall monitor the district preparedness throughout the year both
during non disaster and disaster periods conducts periodical review of the arrangements
available resources, seeking NDRF / Army for help in case of emergencies.

2.7.2 District Emergency Operation Centre (DEOC):

The DEOC is located in the office of the District Collector, who shall serve as the
command and control centre. The District Collector shall constitute various teams for the
effective coordination among line Department, which has to be well represented nodal
officers shall be made available on easy contact basis sharing of information from top to
village level and to cause for early remedial measures.

The DEOC shall send regular reports to SEOC

The list of important telephone No’s to be used at time of emergency is provided in

Annexure 1

2.7.3 Roles & Responsibilities of District Collector:

All departments of the State Government, including the Police, Fire Services, Public
Works, Irrigation, Rural Development, Forests and others shall work in a coordinated
manner under the leadership of the District Collector during disasters, in other parts of
the state where the municipal corporation is located, the Collector shall be the main
coordinator. Hence, the overarching role of the District Collector in handling the
situation during the disaster is highlighted below.

On taking charge, a District Collector shall hold a full – fledged session within ten
days with all key members of the District Department team heads to
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 (a) Take stock of the vulnerability of the district to different types of disasters

(b) To review the districts preparedness for tackling disasters

(c) To examine the Disaster Management Plan for the District and

(d) To Ensure a robust decision support system (online and offline communication
system) is in place in the DEOC and connected with the sub- Division, Taluk /
Block level.

For nuclear emergency response, DSS is being developed at DAE. For

nuclear emergency from Kalpakkam, the RDO office serves as the command
centre.

Access funds from the State Government for activities and ensure that a
training calendar is in place for Disaster Management.

Coordinate all disaster response activities with the DEOC and ensure that
the Incident Response Teams are in place.

Stay well-connected with community leaders through the line departments

and their respective stakeholders at the field level.

Give directions for the release and deployment of resources available with
any department of the Government, Local Authority, Public / Private sector etc.
in the District.

Ensure that the NGO’s carry out their activities in an equitable and non-
discriminatory manner.

Ensure provision for accountability of personnel and a safe operating

environment.

Mobilize experts and consultants in the relevant fields to advise and assist
as may deem necessary.

In the event of a disaster – the District Collector is required to send a report

immediately, to the SEOC that will indicate the severity of the disaster, action being
taken, resources required in addition to the resources on hand, logistics for delivering
relief and any other information found necessary. Thereafter, a daily situation report that
will give a clear picture to the State administration needs to be sent.

2.8 Taluk / Block / Zone Level Disaster Management Committee:

A disaster can effectively be handled only to the extent that adequate delegation
has taken place and involvement of all wings of Government are clear about their
respective roles. A Taluk / Block level disaster management committee is necessary and
shall be formed under the direction of the District Collector. This Committee will monitor
the development and implementation of taluk level disaster management plans.
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2.9 Village / Ward level Disaster Management Committee:

This Committee is perhaps the most important to be formed and requires

maximum involvement of the District Collector in ensuring that there is no bias in its
constitution. Every disaster requires maximum involvement and wholehearted
cooperation of the village / ward level citizens and there needs to be good representation.
The Panchayat, VAO, local institutions, NGO’s, youth clubs and the like should be
encouraged by the administration to be involved in the event of an emergency. They are
the first responders to garners disasters response and an effort will be taken to make the
communities strong and vibrant in proactively tackling the disasters.

This will include to play a key role in organizing training (first aid, search
and rescue, extrication from damaged buildings, road clearance,
firefighting)

Raising awareness (about hazards, risks, disaster response)

Community drills (annual drills for disaster response in the community)

Equipping the community with minimum resources (first aid kit,

extrication equipment, lifejackets, lifebuoys, rope and the like)

Awareness towards the safe drinking water to the community as it

prevents Epidemic outburst.

Then that community is bound to be strong and vibrant in proactively tackling the
disaster.

2.10 Emergency Ambulance System:

Government of Tamil Nadu with the assistance of GVK-EMRI, Provides free

ambulance services to those in need of urgent medical assistance throughout the state.
The State of the art fully equipped ambulances are being run to provide quality health
services to the people of the state. The scheme has proved very effective in providing
timely medical service and in saving lives. 24×7 emergency ambulance services are made
available on dialing a single toll free emergency number 108. During a disaster, they
play a very important role as they are in easy access to any location in the state.

2.11 Departments & Directorates:

• Establishment of control room in all line departments

• To coordinate among all line departments

• To establish a special technical all

• To available department specific plans

• Monitoring the implementation

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2.12 Fire & Rescue Services Department:

The Department is entrusted with the task of firefighting and rescuing operations.
This department shall also undertake rescue activities during floods, and from the fallen
debris of buildings and other rescue activities. They are to be involved in all types of
rescue activities in event of disasters.

2.13 Armed Forces:

The District Collector, if exigencies arise may place the request to the Armed
Forces through the Chief Secretary if the situations warrants.

2.14 National Disaster Response Force (NDRF):

For Tamil Nadu, NDRF is located in Arakonam of Vellore District, which may be
called for by the District Administration in the event if any disasters.

2.15 State Disaster Response Force (SDRF):

State Disaster Response Force (SDRF) team has been constituted with a strength
of 80 police personnel comprising one Deputy Superintendent of Police, 3 Inspectors of
Police, 6 Sub-Inspectors of Police and 70 Police personnel from other ranks on OD basis
from Armed Police, Chennai to TNCF. They have been trained in disaster management
and rescue operation in consultation with nation disaster Response Force (NDRF)

The SDRF is trained on the lines of the NDRF to deal with any untoward situation.
In the past the SDRF has also been effectively involved in conducting evacuation, rescue
activities in disaster situation in the state. They are trained in Disaster response
techniques such as detection and location; extrication and access, fire fighting, medical
and first aid.

2.16 Home guards:

It is a voluntary citizen’s force to assist the police in maintenance of law and order
and for meeting emergencies like floods, fires, cyclone etc.

2.17 National Service Scheme (NSS):

NSS is the Social Service Unit at the College level and has a vibrant and easily
approachable youth force which can reach a spot that is in close proximity to a college in
an organized manner to take up challenges to provide preliminary help, aid and
awareness to the victims. They are trained in disaster response techniques such as
detection and location, extrication and access, fire fighting, medical and first aid.

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2.18 National Cadet Corps (NCC):

There are 5 NCC Group Headquarters and 51 NCC units under the control of this
Directorate. 5 NCC Group Headquarters are located in Chennai. (2) Coimbatore, Madurai
and Tiruchirapalli. 51 NCC units are located in various places of Tamil Nadu. They were
trained in formulation of SOPs / Plans within the State, Establishment of Control Room,
check list of Warning Systems and Communication Systems, Capacity Building of units
and cadets and assist during the emergencies.

2.19 Nehru Yuva Kendra Sangathan (NYKS):

It is an autonomous body under the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports with a
nation – wide presence. In nearly 500 districts it is a large grass- root level youth
organization. NYKS volunteers have traditionally been active in the forefront of assisting
the civil administration in times of disasters. The organization has been active in relief
management and distribution. Their involvement will need to be harnessed and they
should be a part of mock drills.

2.20 Indian Red Cross Society:

The Red Cross Society function at the state and district levels. This is a movement
for providing relief to the people when they are in dire needs. As an organization that
provides relief internationally to people in distress, it has credibility at the field level.

2.21 Indian Railways:

Indian Railways is spread over a vast geographical length over 63, 000 route
kilometers in India. In the event of a disaster, Southern Railways can assist in the rescue
and relief operations. Railways are often the preferred mode of transport both for the
movement of people and relief material in bulk. Railways will also have a disaster
management plan that will involve coordination with the district or state administration.
The more effective the networking mechanism is the better will the coordination be in
times of difficulty.

2.22 Emergency Management Contact Directory:

An Emergency Management Contact Directory Containing contact numbers of all

nodal officers in disaster management at the national, State and District level – of the
Government, Private, NGO’s and the community will need to be prepared and
maintained. The Collector will supervise and coordinate the preparation and regular
updating of this directory at the district level and send a soft to the TNSDMA.

The TNSDMA and DDMA may develop a comprehensive resource inventory of

NGO’S CBO’s and Organizations in disaster management and emergency response.
Web-enabled centralized database will need to be tapped. Networking will enable
quick access resources minimize response time in emergencies. The system
should give the location of specific equipment and resources as well as controlling
authority for that resource so that it can be mobilized for response in the shortest
possible time.
18

The database will need to be made available at the district and state level and may
be used for all emergencies.

Similarly, an expect database comprising of trained experts in various disasters,

volunteers, NGOs retired Government Servant, swimmers, rescuers etc. will need
to be prepared by each district and sent to the TNSDMA.

The District Collector will need to maintain an updated list of professionals like
doctors, paramedics, civil and construction engineers, architects and town
planners and send it to the TNSDMA every year for updating of the State list.

2.23 NGO:

NGOs play a key role in disaster situations and go along way in plugging the gaps
during emergencies as they often have good relationship with the local
Community. Here is why good, sincere and hard-working NGOs need to be
involved in disaster mitigation activities.

NGOs play a very important role in mobilizing communities and in initiating

Disaster Risk Reduction activities.

The strong linkages which NGOs have with grassroots communities can be
effectively harnessed for creating greater public awareness on disaster risk and
vulnerability, initiating appropriate strategies for strengthening the capacity of
stakeholder groups to improve disaster preparedness, mitigation and improving
the emergency response capacities of the stakeholders.

In addressing the emerging concerns of climate change adaptation and mitigation,

NGOs can play very significant role in working with local communities and
introducing innovative approaches based on the good practices followed in other
countries.

NGOs can bring it financial resources from bi-lateral and multilateral donors for
implementing pragmatic and innovative approaches to deal with disaster risk and
vulnerability, and also by effectively integrating and converging the various government
programmers, schemes and projects to create the required synergy in transforming the
lives of at-risk communities.

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 CHAPTER-III

HAZARD VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT

IN SIVAGANGA DISTRICT

3.1 Disaster Risks in Sivaganga District:

Generally, Sivaganga District is prone for two kinds of disaster risks drought
and occasionally floods.

The District has a history of floods and drought conditions. Due to depletion of
ozone layer and pollution the average temperature during summer is becoming
intolerable. The average day temperature may rise in the years which will be a major
disaster to face. The people and the community are to be sensitized on this issue.
Besides this, no disaster looms large in respect of Sivaganga District.

3.2 Flood / Cyclone Disaster:

The district has no coast line. Hence the chance of direct threat by cyclone is
almost NIL; but due to heavy downpour on the formation of cyclone, flash floods are
common in this district.

3.3 Incidents and spread of drought

Drought is an universally acknowledged phenomenon associated with scarcity of

water. It is still largely unpredictable and varies with regard to the time of occurrence,
duration, intensity and extent of the area affected from year to year. It is difficult to
provide precise and universally accepted definition of drought due to its complex nature
and varying characteristics.

3.3 Drought Proofing

To conserve every drop of rain water received during North East Monsoon
season, drought proofing exercises like clearing of supply channels to water bodies,
eviction of encroachments in water bodies, strengthening bunds, removal of prosophis
in water bodies, desilting of culverts, storm water drains, canals, tanks, etc. will be
undertaken before the onset of monsoon.

3.4 Details of disaster risks in the District for the last 10 years

Sl.No. Year Type of Disaster Remarks

1 2005 Flood Narrated as below

2 2006 Nil

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3 2007 Nil

4 2008 Nil

5 2009 Nil

6 2010 Nil

7 2011 Flood

8 2012 Drought Narrated as below

9 2013 Nil

10 2014 Nil

11 2015 Nil

12 2016 Drought Narrated as below

Flood 2005:

The district experienced heavy rainfall and flood during November 2005. During
that monsoon period, out of 521 revenue villages, 148 villages were marooned. About
282 km of highway road 72 km of municipal road and 1901 km. of panchayat road were
damaged. In case of emergency, navy and coast guard have to be called to assist in the
resume and relief operations. Boats also has been called to reach the marooned villages
for rescue operations.

Singampunari receives water from adjacent district, (i.e) Madurai and Dindigul.
Due to heavy rainfall in catchment area of Palaar and forest rivers which flows from
Dindigul passed through Singampunari and passed through Sanaveli ground level
bridges on the adjacent Ramnad District. During this flood a passenger bus was caught in
the floods, capsized the bus and 10 persons belonging the district were among those
killed in the accident. Based on this experience, the police, highways, Public works
department, Revenue and transport authorities were alerted to take precautionary
measures sufficient to avert such kind of accidents.

FLOOD 2011:

Sivaganga District usually receives considerable rainfall during North East

Monsoon wise than the rainfall during South West Monsoon.

The normal average rainfall during the North East Monsoon Sivaganga district is
413.7mm during the North East Monsoon of the year 2011. Sivaganga district recorded
an average rainfall of 526.89 mm.

During the flod 2011 the loss of human life was 5 and cattle loss was 7 further lose
of life was controlled by taking subsequent precautionary actions.
21
DROUGHT – 2012:

In G.O.MS, No.48 Revenue Disaster Management. 3(1) Department. District

13.02.2013 the Government has declared that all districts of the State except Chennai as
drought affected and announced various relief measures to the district. The government
in their order G.O.MS. NO.46 Revenue Disaster Management (111) (1) department, dated
13.02.2013 have formed a high level committee with the Hon’ble Finance Minister as
Chairman for the assessment of drought condition and to suggest remedial measures in
the non-delta districts.

Based on recommendation of High Level Committee and report from the

concerned Districts Collectors, the Hon’ble Chief Minister has announced various relief
measures to the farmers in the Non-Delta districts in the assembly on 19.04.2013,
accordingly in the G.O.MS. NO.123 revenue (DM111) (1) department district 25.04.2013,
the government among other things have sanctioned the fund towards relief assistance
to the affected farmers whose crop loss is more than 50% in the non delta regions of
Tamil Nadu and also authorized the competent authority for drawal and disbursement
of amount sanctioned.

Accordingly a sum of Rs. 75, 64, 56, 361/- (rupees seventy five crore sixty four
lakh fifty six thousand three hundred and sixty one only) was sanctioned towards the
payment of relief to the affected farmers through the PACB/Commercial bank.

DROUGHT 2016-2017

In G.O.MS. NO..6. Revenue 3(1) Department. District 10.01.2017 the Government

has declared that all districts of the State except Chennai as drought affected and
announced various relief measures to the district. The Government in their order
G.O.MS. NO.47. Revenue Disaster Management (111) (1) Department, dated 21.02.2017
have allotted a sum of Rs-90.49 crore (Rs. Eighty Eight Crore & Ninety Nine Lakh) as
Agricultural input subsidy to the affected farmers.

Accordingly a sum of Rs. 80.97 crore (Eighty Crore and ninety seven lakh) was
sanctioned towards the payment of input subsidy to nearly 90119 farmers and the
amount credited to the accounts of the farmers through ECS

3.6 Man Made Disasters:

The district is also prone to various man made hazards including frequent fire in
habitations, rail and road accidents, minor industrial and chemical hazards, biological
hazards and bore well accidents.

3.7 Vulnerability of the District:

The district, as said earlier is mostly vulnerable to floods and droughts.

22
3.7.1 Flood Vulnerability:

Even though the district is a landlocked one, floods in the district are associated
with cyclone with heavy rain and rainfall in the catchment area of Periyar and Vaigai
dam, as the above two areas receives plenty of rainfall, the river carry heavy discharge of
river water, which causes floods. Since elaborate arrangements were already made
based on the past history, the vulnerable risk due to flood is minimized ( almost nil).

3.7.2 Drought:

Low rainfall coupled with erratic behavior of the monsoon in the state makes the
district most vulnerable to drought, which can have a devastating impact on the
population, drought variability has a district and significant impact an food products and
overall economy. Sivaganga district is frequently prone to drought as it has no perennial
river and water source.

3.7.3 Fire and Explosive:

Tamil Nadu is vulnerable to fire risk disasters and some of the districts fall in the
very high risk and risk categories. Sivaganga Districts does not fall in to the high risk
category. The analysis was borne out of assessing the population density, residential
built-up area and industrial areas in these districts.

The 2004 fire accident that occurred in a Kumbakonam school leading to 93

deaths is a tragedy that reminds us that fire related disaster can occur anywhere in the
state.

3.7.4 Heat Wave Vulnerability:

A heat wave is a period of abnormal high temperatures, more than the normal
maximum temperature that occurs during the (Hot weather) summer season. Heat
waves typically occur between March and June. The extreme temperatures and resultant
atmospheric conditions adversely affect people living in these regions as they cause
physiological stress, sometimes resulting in death, in some of the districts in Tamil Nadu.
Sivaganga is one among the Districts that have witnessed heat waves.

3.7.5 Physical vulnerability:

Physical vulnerability relates to the physical location of people, their proximity to

the hazard zone and standards of safety maintained and relates to the technical capacity
of building and structures to resist the forces acting upon them during a hazard event.
Damage also occurs due to increased density of houses, construction of houses in
vulnerable areas, use of poor quality materials as substitutes and the like which then
leads to major building collapse which leaves much collateral damage such disasters can
happen in any district and considering the large number of high-rise buildings.

23
3.8 Vulnerability Analysis:

The impact of a hazard becomes a disaster only when an interface with

vulnerability occurs in term of vulnerable structures, people (or) the environment. The
analysis report will enable the district to develop a sound Disaster Management Plan
that will be based an assessment that has factored in all the grand realities.

Hazards Time of Occurrence Potential Impact Vulnerable are

Flood October - December Loss of life, Loss of Singampunari,

house of Agriculture Manamadurai,
land and crop, loss Thiruppuvanam
of livestock, Loss of Block
infrastructure
Drought Any Time Loss of crops Entire District
Fire Any Time Loss of life, Loss of Entire District
house Loss of
infrastructure
Thunderstorms & Any Time Loss of Human & Entire District
Lightning loss of livestock

24
 Chapter-IV

PREVENTIVE MEASURES
A long – term disaster management approach requires that planning activities for
development should include robust mitigation practices. Government of Tamil Nadu
would ensure that the planning activities of the state administration and local authorities
take into account disaster risks and provide for suitable preventive and mitigation
measures. Sivaganga District is prone to only Flood, Drought and Heat waves:

Hydro-meteorological Related Disasters (6): Cyclones, Droughts,

periodical Floods/ Urban Floods, Cloud burst, Heat Wave, Thunder and
lightening.

Geologically Related Disasters (1): Earthquake.

Chemical and industrial & Radiological Disasters (2): Industrial Fires, Gas
& Chemical Leakages.

Accidents Related Disasters (9): Forest fires, electrical fires, building

collapses, urban fires/Village, oil spills, serial bomb blasts, festival fire,
stampedes, road/ rail accidents.

Biologically Related Disasters (4) : Pest attacks, food poisoning, waterborne

diseases, and cattle epidemics.

4.1 Early Warning and Dissemination systems:

Disasters early warning is a major element of disaster risk reduction. Early action
can often prevent a hazard turning into a human disaster by preventing loss of life and
reducing the economic and material impacts. To be effective and sustainable they must
actively involve the communities at risk.

4.1.1 Nodal Agencies for Early Warning:

The following nodal agencies in the government of India are mandated for early
warning of different natural hazards.

Table 4.1: Name of the Nodal Agencies for Disaster Early Warning Dissemination

Disasters Agencies

Cyclone/Hydro-meteorological India Meteorological Department

Earthquake India Meteorological Department

Floods Central Water Commission

25
Drought Ministry of Agriculture

Landslides Geological Survey of India

Tsunami Indian National Center for Ocean

Information Services

Tamil Nadu State Disaster Management Agency will coordinate with central
agencies. These agencies shall be responsible for keeping track of developments in
respect of specific hazards assigned to them and inform the designated authorities /
agencies at National, State and District levels about the impending disasters. All these
agencies would develop guidelines for early warning of disasters.

4.2 Setting up of Emergency Operation Centers:

In order to monitor the natural disaster round the clock, a permanent control
room is established in the office of the District Collector, with all infrastructure facilities
including desktop computers, direct permanent telephone numbers, two way
communication system of VHF/HF facilities, fax. A toll free public utility service toll free
number has been installed in the office of the District Collector for receiving and
communicating information on various disaster related incidents by the general public.
The District Control Room public utility service toll free telephone number 1077 at the
control room in the district functions under the control of the collector under the overall
supervision of the P.A (General) to the Collector.

4.2.1 Mechanism of Communication:

The TNSEOC acts as a nerve center for coordination and management of disasters.
For information flow, besides its own toll free number 1070 for the State EOC and 1077
for district EOC the SEOC shall be connected to the existing network of emergency 108,
Police & Fire and Chennai corporation complaints service Number 1913. The calls
received from various parts of the state will be recorded and diverted to the concerned
departments or Districts for immediate action as per the TNSEOC protocol. The TNSEOC
shall have direct connection with IMD/RMC and adequate communication facilities to get
connected with the early warning networks of all nodal agencies at the national and state
level. The TNSEOC as centralized coordination mechanism shall provide direction and
control on the following:

Receive and process alerts and warning from nodal agencies and other
sources and communicate the same to all designated authorities.

Provide data and information to SEC for taking appropriate decisions

and to monitor emergency operations.

Provide and facilitate coordination between the districts and other

EOCs situated in the state.

26

Provide inventory of resources and requisitioning additional resources
during the disaster phases.

Provide and issue disaster specific information/data to all concerned.

Consolidate analysis and damage loss and needs assessment data.

Forwarding of consolidated reports to all designated authorities.

In order to ensure voice data and video transfer the SEOC shall have fool proof
network with NIC, Police, Fire, IMD and other major emergency responders. All District
Emergency Operation Centre/Control rooms will be connected with the SEOC. The
district control rooms will be connected with the subdivision and block level nodes. It is
being proposed to strengthen the emergency management systems at the sub-divisional
and taluk levels also. Towards this end, it is proposed to provide emergency equipment to
the Sub-Divisional/Taluk Offices, which will be used during times of emergencies.

Hotline between India Meteorological Department and the State Emergency

Operation centre (EOC) is established. Dissemination to the districts is done through
telephone, e-mail and fax. IP phones are also available, which connects the state with the
district headquarters, taluks and blocks of the state. Wireless radio network; both high
frequency and very high frequency are available in the state, as well as in the districts.

4.3 Emergency Health Response:

Emergency Ambulance Service System: Tamil Nadu Government has signed an

MOU with Hyderabad based GVK-EMRI to provide free ambulance services to the patients
in different parts of the state. The state of the art fully equipped ambulances is being run
under “108” Emergency Ambulance system and providing quality health services to the
people of the state. Assistance can also be obtained at this number within twenty minute
for emergencies such as fire, Police apart from medical. The response center equipped
with latest technology and infrastructure is located at Chennai. This facility will be linked
with SEOC & DEOC for responding to all calls related to Disaster Management.

4.4 District Policy on Disaster Management:

Recognizing the fact that the Disaster Management is a multi-agency function the
government of Tamil Nadu published a State Disaster Management Policy in the year
2004 which was updated in the year 2016. It gives a overall picture of Disaster
Management in the State. TNSDMA have issued guidelines and funding to the nodal
departments for undertaking capacity building, training, and preparation of DMPS, IEC
activities etc.

4.5 Ensure Public Private Partnership:

TNSDMA will enter into an agreement with major project developers to support
preparedness, relief, recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction initiatives of the

27
government. Dist wise inventory of resources available with projects will be provided to
SEOC &DEOC’s. Regular meetings will be held involving project authorities, DDMA &
NGOs and HOD’s of Nodal Departments to assess the coordination and readiness of
resources. It will be mandatory for the project authorities to present their disaster
management plans to SDMA.

4.6 Mitigation and Prevention Partnership:

The State Government will frame prevention plan for efficient execution of the
State Disaster Management Plan, the plan will be organized as per the following four
stages of the Disaster Cycle.

Non Disaster – Mitigation (L0) : During Non-Disaster phase, the plan has to be
used to identify the existing and potential risks and to reduce potential causalities and
damage from disasters.

Pre Disaster – Preparedness (L1) : During before disaster phase, the plan urges
to build the capacities of all stakeholders for a safeguarding their lives and assets by
taking appropriate action in the face of any disaster and to ensure that response agencies
are able to reach out to potential damage areas in a prompt and coordinated manner.

During Disaster – Response (L2) : During any Disasters, this plan paves a
holistic and effective approach to attend the immediate needs of the affected population
in minimum time possible.

Post Disaster – Relief (L3) : After any disaster strikes the district, the plan guides
the district administration to build back better to attain the normalcy of the community
as well as the government machinery is an effective manner.

4.6.1 Mitigation Plan:

The primary objective of mitigation efforts would be:

To identify, delineate and assess the existing and potential risks and to
work towards reducing potential causalities and damage from disasters.

To substantially increase public awareness of disaster risk to ensure safer

environment for communities to live and work.

To reduce the risks of loss of life, infrastructure, economic costs, and

destruction that result from disasters.

In view of the prevailing risk and the vulnerabilities perception, the mitigation
measures proposed have been categorized under following seven major groups:

28
 1) Risk assessment

2) Construction work

3) Repair and maintenance

4) Research and technology transfer

5) Training and capacity building

6) Land use planning and regulations

7) Resources for mitigation

Since vulnerability and risks varies from area to area and so is the capacity and
capability to respond hence mitigation plan has been evolved by taking into considered
local specificities. Mitigation strategies also envisage higher level of community
involvement and participation.

In rural areas, characterized by inadequate infrastructure and poverty groups, all

mitigation efforts will be backed up by a strong and committed programme of special
development for the communities. Constant re-examination, of development policies and
programmers, leading to equity and social justice, will be ensured for the successful
implementation of mitigation efforts that are being proposed.

The role of training, education and information dissemination will constitute the
key intervention for ensuring the implementation and sustainability of the mitigation
strategies.

The SEC, with inputs from the technical institutions and experts will plan and
coordinate all the mitigation activities at the state level. All the concerned departments
will develop and implement their respective mitigation plans. The departments nodal
officers will coordinate the mitigation activities and appraise the SEC about also be
responsible for communicating the status of the department’s efforts formation time.

4.6.2 Components of Mitigation Plan:

Component 1: Risk Assessment and Vulnerability Analysis: The Revenue and

Disaster Management Department will be the prime department responsible for
upgrading risk assessment and vulnerability analysis of state and district level. Special
focus will be given to areas highly vulnerable to disasters triggered by climate change.
The department will engage the local bodies, NGOs and local community in order to
develop a realistic ground based assessments by working with panchayat and the district
administration. The District Disaster Management Authority will periodically hold
meetings to review local vulnerabilities or any symptoms of early warning indicative of
potential disaster.

29

Improve understanding of the locations, potential impacts, and linkages between
hazards, vulnerability, and measures needed to protect life safety and health.

Provide updated information about hazards, vulnerabilities, and mitigation

processes to state and local agencies.

The various studies and assessment for vulnerable districts of TamilNadu (HVRA
Atlas) that is being prepared through Anna Institute of Management.

Component 2: Construction work:

Building by-laws:

The techno-legal regime for the state will incorporate appropriate

Construction related codes and building by-laws of the state, which will be revised
from time to time. Adequate zoning laws such as flood plan regulation, etc will be put in
place to regulate development away from unsafe locations.

Infrastructure and Housing Repair and Maintenance:

Lifeline buildings represents critical infrastructure for the state, such as schools
and hospitals. the public works department will be the primary agency responsible for
conducting structural assessment, retrofitting and renovation of lifeline buildings.
Existing development programmes will be examined to incorporate disaster resistant
technologies in all existing technologies in all existing and new public buildings. Similarly
in order to reduce the potential risk to other constructions, strengthening of micro level
protection features will be identified and taken on priority in areas with recurrent threat
of floods, and other water related disasters along major drainage basins in the State.

4.6.3 Training and capacity Building:

Training and capacity buildings of Government Officials:

At the district level, training programmes will be conducted in coordination with

NGOs, and Government training / research institutions and line Departments by Anna
Institute of Management and other Agencies approved by the Government periodically,
which can impart training to the government officials of all levels. Also Disaster
Management Training were imparted to all ministerial Staff of Revenue Department at
Civil Service Training Institute at Bhavani Sagar.

Community level training and public Awareness Activities:

The community awareness and training will basically be carried out in the form of
training programmes through NGOs, private sector, and Government training institutions.
Apart from spreading awareness of disaster, the focus will essentially be on community
capacity building.
30
Primary agencies for community level training and public awareness are:

State Institute of Rural Development

Anna Institute of Management

State Council of Educational Research and Training

Tamil Nadu Fire and Rescue Services

NGO

Private sectors

Mobilizing community Efforts for Mitigation measures:

The community will be encouraged to reduce the impact of the next disaster.
Demonstration model housing units indicating various technology features and options
will be built by the Government/NGOs/Community. Priority will be given for buildings
like panchayat, primary health centres, community center, schools etc. The objective of
such activity will be to encourage local communities to undertake and adopt appropriate
measures at individual, household or community level to avoid loss of life, damage to
property and crop.

Land Use Planning and Regulations:

The Directorate of Town and Country planning will be the primary agencies to
encourage new development to occur in locations avoiding or minimizing exposure to
hazards or enhance design requirements to improve resiliency in future disasters. These
departments would also ensure proper enforcement of existing regulation and Acts and
revision of existing loss.

Incentives and Resources for Mitigation

It is proposed to create State Disaster Mitigation Fund to implement the above

stated mitigation strategy. The fund will be used to provide incentives to developmental
projects were mitigation measures have been adopted. Leveraging of funds from other
developmental schemes also needs to be taken into account. The State Disaster
Management Authority will be the authority in-charge of the State Disaster Mitigation
Fund.

31
 Chapter V

PREPAREDNESS MEASURES
5.1 Preparedness Measures:

Disaster preparedness refers to measures taken to prepare for and reduce the
effects of disasters. That is, predict and – where possible – prevent them, mitigate their
impact of vulnerable population, and respond to and effectively cope with their
consequences. Disaster preparedness is best viewed from a broad perspective and is
more appropriately conceived of as a goal, rather than as a specialized programme or
stage that immediately precedes disaster response.

Disaster preparedness is achieved partially through readiness measures that

expedite emergency response, rehabilitation and recovery and result in rapid, timely and
targeted assistance. It is also achieved through community-based approaches and
activities that build the capacities of people and communities to cope with and minimize
the effects of a disaster on their lives.

A comprehensive disaster preparedness strategy would therefore include the

following elements:

1.Hazard, risk and 2.Response mechanisms 3.Preparedness Plans

vulnerability assessments and strategies
4.Coordination 5.Information Management 6.Early warning systems
7.Resourse mobilization 8.Public education, training 9.Community-Based
& rehearsals disaster preparedness

5.2 Hazard, Risk and Vulnerability Assessments (HVRA):

All planning and implementation of disaster preparedness measures should be

based on an assessment and prioritization of the hazards and risks that people face, as
well as their ability or inability to cope with and withstand the effects of those hazards.
The assessment should.

Identify the characteristics, frequency and potential severity of the hazards

a community faces

Identify the particular geographical areas and communities that are most
susceptible and vulnerable to those hazards

Identify the main sectors of a community (population, infrastructure,

housing, services, etc.) that would be affected by a specific type of hazard
and anticipate how they might be affected

Assess the ability of those sectors to withstand and cope with the effects of
hazardous phenomena
32
5.3 Response mechanisms and Strategies:

There are many preparedness mechanisms and strategies that will be strengthen
and increase the effectiveness of an emergency response. These include development or
formation of:

Evacuation procedures (including how to disseminate these procedures to the

public)

Search and rescue teams (including plans for training them)

Assessment teams (including plans for training them)

An assessment process and information priorities for an emergency response

Measures to activate special installations, such as emergency or mobile hospital

facilities

Procedures for activating distribution systems

Preparations for emergency reception centres and shelters

Procedures for activating emergency programs for airports, harbours and land
transport

Preparations for storing or making arrangements for rapid acquisition of

emergency relief supplies and equipment

5.4 Preparedness Planning:

The concept of preparedness planning is very important for those involved in

disaster management. During an actual emergency, quick and effective action is required.
This action often depends on having made and implemented preparedness plans. If
appropriate action is not taken or if the response is delayed, lives may be needlessly lost.
In a preliminary plan, even though the details of a disaster remain uncertain, it can
identify emergency shelter sites, plan and publicize evacuation routes, identify
emergency water sources, determine chains of command and communication
procedures, train response personnel and educate people about what to do in case of an
emergency of the response to a disaster.

Disaster Preparedness planning involves identifying organizational resources,

determining roles and responsibilities, developing policies and procedures and planning
preparedness activities aimed at ensuring timely disaster preparation and effective
emergency response. The actual planning process is preliminary in nature and is
performed in a state of uncertainty until an actual emergency or disaster occurs. The aim
of preparedness planning is to identify assignments and specific activities covering
organizational and technical issues to ensure that response systems function successfully
in the event of a disaster.

33
5.5 Capacity Building:

The District Disaster Management Authority shall assure that all line departments
implement their respective preparedness / contingency plans such as:

Display of warning boards for general public in sensitive area

Inventory of human and material resources available with government,

private and civil society.

Training, capacity Building of the state search and rescue task forces

Training, capacity building of the state first aid task forces

Training, capacity building of civil Police, Fire Brigades, NCC, CBOs

Medical preparedness-nominate / designate hospitals, doctors and

paramedics to cover emergency health management.

District, Block & Village level mock drills and rehearsals.

Public Awareness generation and community evacuation training.

Community based disaster management (CBDM)

Ensure that GP, Block/Taluk and districts develop and maintain its disaster
management planning.

Inventory of lifeline buildings such as of Schools, Hospitals, Administration

buildings and assess their safety and take measures for improving safety.

Knowledge management

Yearly-Upgrading of the District plan incase of a disaster the plan will be

reviewed right after that.

5.6 Community and Local Level Preparedness:

The plan recognizes the fact that it the event of disaster communities are the first
responders and hence there is no better alternative to community and local level
capacities for disasters response. in order to enhance communities’ capacity to take
action to help themselves in the absence of necessary outside response for days the plan
envisages creating necessary awareness about hazards, risks and response. Areas which
would be specifically addressed for community preparedness are-

1) Medical first aid

2) Search and rescue extrication from damaged buildings

3) Road clearance

4) Fire fighting

34
Plan also envisage equipping community at panchayat level by ensuring the provision of
medical supply, communication such as radio, TVs, extrication equipment. Panchayat will
be encouraged to establish local early warning systems in higher vulnerable areas and for
holding community level disaster response drills. Development of response capacity at
panchayat level for first response would help min avoiding desperate situation.

5.7 Sustainable Development Practices and Climate Change:

Disasters have also negative impacts on environment as they affect natural

resources. Therefore, considering society, economy and environment as three main
components of sustainable development, disaster have negative impacts on them and
hence negative impact and delay on sustainable development. Sustainable development
and use of new technologies will be a must in the implementation of this plan. Priority
would be given for promoting understanding of climate change adaptation strategies,
energy efficiency and natural conservation.

5.8 Fire and Emergency services:

The fire services in the District will be well equipped to meet out any disasters.

5.9 Role of National Cadet Corps (NCC), National Service Scheme (NSS) and Nehru
Yuva Kendra Sangathan (NYKS):

Potential of these youth based organizations will be optimized to support all

community based initiatives and DM training would be included in their programmers.
Special training campaign will be launched to strengthen their capacities.

5.10 Pre-Contract for Essential Commodities:

The civil supplies and consumer protection department will ensure storage and
availability of essential commodities including medicine in the vulnerable districts.
Necessary provisions will be made for, to enter pre-contract with the suppliers of
essential commodities, medicines, tents etc. on an annual basis for supply of these items
at pre-decided rates within stipulated time framework.

5.11 Medical Preparedness:

Identification of the hospitals, doctors and para-medics teams including mental

health and psycho-social service provider at sub-divisional and district levels will be
carried out by CMO’s in a manner that the teams are in a position to be deployed at
short notice. Their names, addresses, telephone numbers, mobile numbers, email etc.
will be available at the State Disaster Emergency Operation Centers. The list will be
updated half yearly. The stock of medicines, accessories and equipment for each of
identified teams at the district and sub-divisions would be decided in advance as per
need and disaster.

35
5.12 Animal Care:

Animal both domestic as well as wild are exposed to the effects of natural and
main-made disasters. The Department of Animal & Husbandry would devise
appropriate measures to protect animals and find means to shelter and feed them
during disasters and their aftermath, through a community effort, to the extent
possible. It is pertinent to note that many communities have shown compassion to
animals during disasters, and these efforts need to be formalized in the preparedness
plans including Carcass Disposal Management plan by the department of animal
husbandry at the state level.

5.13 Social Inclusion-Needs of Special Vulnerable Groups:

When addressing the preparedness and relief requirements of the disaster

victims, focus would be placed on the special needs of the vulnerable population that is,
children, women, aged and the disabled. Socio-cultural needs would be accounted for in
all phases of disaster management planning. A specific strategy for addressing the risk
reduction needs of these vulnerable groups will be developed by every line department.

5.14 Mock Drills:

Search and rescue teams at State/District levels will carry out mock drills on
various disasters situation annually. For floods/flash floods these will be carried before
the monsoon period. For earthquakes, landslides etc, such drills will be done
periodically at the district and State levels, mock exercises will be carried out for
assessing and evaluating preparedness machinery including manpower and equipment.

5.15 Responsibilities of Departments in Preparation for Disaster Management:

The State DDMA will need to ensure that all line departments that are either likely
to be affected in any disaster of will need to be involved in tackling a disaster are fully
prepared with up-to-date contingency plans that will not be restricted to this but shall
include the following:

Each Department shall have their own Departmental Disaster Management plan

Micro-Hazard zonation for each hazard will be taken up.

Display of warning boards for general public in sensitive areas.

Inventory of human and material resources available within the department at

the local, district and state level is kept up-to-date and as broad based as
possible.

Training Capacity Building of the key members of the department

Medical preparedness – nominate/designate hospitals, doctors and paramedics

and, emergency health management systems.

36

State, District, Block and local level mock drills and rehearsals.

Public Awareness generation and community training.

Community Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM)

Inventory of lifeline buildings such as schools, hospitals, administration

buildings to assets their safety and initiate measures for improving safety.

Knowledge management of disaster management skills.

Budgetary allocations for various mitigation, planning and preparedness

activities.

Yearly updating of the state plan. In case of a disaster, the plan will need to be
reviewed immediately thereafter.

Documentation of success stories, lessons learnt overall and review of the

outputs of the plan.

5.15.1 Revenue Department:

To coordinate the preparedness functions of all the departments; It is also overall

in charge of formulating and implementing the disaster management policies of
the state.

Ensure adequate resources are allocated for preparedness work for all
departments.

Main support department for District Disaster Management Authority.

Quick mobilization of resources for relief and rehabilitation to the Disaster spot.

Ensure basic facilities for personnel who work on disaster response.

Prepare a list of potential shelters while clearly specifying their capacity and check
upon their suitability for accommodating people.

Prepare a detailed contingency plan for disposal of dead bodies and carcasses that
will include adequate documentation.

Constitute village-level preparedness teams with the help of local bodies, local
NGOs and Revenue officials.

Coordinate Village / Habitation level mock drills with the assistance of the Rural
Development Department and Police.

Prepare and update inventory of manpower and resources database every quarter
inclusive of earthmoving equipment, tipper lorries, power saws, cranes, boats and
any other lifesaving equipment.

Annually facilities the DDMA to update the District Disaster Management Plan.
37

Maintain, activate and monitor the District level Emergency Operations Centre
(DEOC).

Establish collation of expense accounts for sanctions and audits and to ensure full
accountability for funds utilized through the department.

The revised norms of assistance for sanction of relief to the victims of the natural
calamities under State Disaster Response Fund and Minimum standards of relief
to placed at Annexure-IV.

5.15.2 Transport Department:

Develop a plan for mobilization of vehicles at short notice and to dovetail it into
the disaster management plan for the department.

Carry out survey and report condition of all highway systems at state and district
level.

Prepare an inventory of vehicle, trucks, buses, jeeps, tipper lorries and tractors of
government and private agencies district wise and provide the list to the SEOC and
DEOC.

Issue standing instructions to the State transport department for providing buses
for evacuation and relief.

It is the primary agency for dealing with road accidents and in bringing in policies
in this area.

5.15.3 Police Department:

Prepare an operational plan for responding to any type of disaster.

Impart training to the members of the Police Force in first aid, evacuation, rescue
and relief operations.

To conduct search and rescue training to local volunteers and motivate youth and
college students to participate; with the trained group, to constitute district wise
‘Search & Rescue ‘ Teams.

Prepare an inventory of all manpower and equipment available to be utilized in

managing a disaster.

Identify the ‘Risk’ areas for different disasters and instruct the existing police
installations located in those areas for keeping themselves in high alert for
undertaking emergency rescue, evacuation and relief operations.

Hold quarterly mock drills on disaster preparedness and response and involve
local community and volunteers.

Keeping police vehicles and other transport in readiness for deployment.

38

Review maintenance of equipment and machinery that will be utilized during a
disaster.

Ensure the availability of adequate warning mechanism for evacuation.

Installation of radio communication at the affected site, during disaster.

Identify alternative routes for possible hot spots.

5.15.4 Fire and Emergency Services:

The fire Services in the States will be strengthened and made-hazard response
outfit.

The Fire and Rescue Service will perform the following functions:

Organize public fire education programmes.

Create and sustain awareness of the hazards of fire and other emergencies.

Heighten the role of the individual in the prevention of fires and other disasters.

Provide technical advice for building plans in respect of machinery and structural
layouts to facilities escape from fire, rescue operations and fire management.

Inspect and offer technical advice on fire extinguishers.

Co-ordinate and advice on the training of personnel in firefighting to the

departments / institutions in the District.

Offer rescue and evacuation services to those trapped by fire or in other

emergency situations and

Train and organize emergency volunteer squads at community level.

5.15.5 Public works Department (PWD):

It is the primary agency for maintenance of public infrastructure ranging from

buildings, major irrigation tanks, dams and has the expertise to take up flood prevention
works.

Department of Public Works takes precautionary steps for the protection of

Government property against possible loss and damage during a disaster.

Formulates guidelines for safe construction of public buildings.

Prepare source lists with specifications and position of heavy construction

equipment in the state.

Organize periodic training of engineers and other construction personnel on

disaster resistant construction technologies.

39

Establish communication with State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC), DEOC
and departmental HQ within the division and State.

Create an inventory of earth moving machinery available with each division and
with private contractors; boats that could be used in times of floods and major
inundation.

Create linkage and communication with power project authorities and identify
resources available with them.

Officers at SDO level should be familiar with pre-disaster precautions and

during/post-disaster procedures for road clearing and have a clear idea of
alternative safe evacuation routes. Routes strategic for evacuation and relief
should be identified and marked in close coordination with police and DEOC.

Undertake rapid visual inspection of critical buildings and structures of the state
government (including hospital buildings) by a specialized team and identify
structures which are endangered requiring retrofitting or demolition.

Emergency tool kits to be organized for each division.

5.15.6 Agriculture / Horticulture Department:

This Department will need to prepare a composite Disaster Management Plan for
drought related disasters.

The department is the primary agency for assessment of crop damages.

Organize the distribution of seeds, seedlings, fertilizer and implements to affected

farmers;

Arrange for keeping stock of certified seeds, fertilizers and pesticides.

Establish communication with TNSDMA, DDMA, and District Control Room and
Agriculture Universities.

Check available stock of equipment and materials which are likely to be most
needed during disasters like floods and drought. Suggest a variety of seeds and
cropping pattern, which can reduce losses and risks to farmers.

Determine the type of damage, pests or disease affected crops.

Setting up extension teams for crop protection and accordingly ensure that extra
supplies and materials be obtained.

5.15.7 Fisheries Department:

During floods boats are most effective way of mass rescue and relief operation and
fishermen are naturally prepared to assist during these contingencies.

To keep the list of swimmers in respect of the District and Taluk level.

40
5.15.8 Animal Husbandry Department:

It is the primary agency for animal epidemics; fodder assessment disposal of dead
animals – and will advise the DDMA on these matters.

The department will identify areas likely to be affected in the event of a disaster
and incorporate it into the disaster plan of the department. Identify disaster prone
areas, livestock population at risk, requirement of medicine, vaccines, equipment,
disinfectants and other materials will feature in this.

Prepare inventory of human recourses along with their contact number

(Veterinary) Doctors, Para Vets, and helpers).

Identify shelters for animals.

Prepare a list of water borne diseases that are preventable by vaccination.

Publicize the information about common diseases afflicting livestock and the
precautions that need to be taken.

Stock emergency medical equipment which may be required during and post
disaster.

Capacity building of all veterinary hospital staff in dealing with likely damages and
effects in the aftermath of disaster.

Prepare kits for veterinary diseases, which could be provided to veterinary

doctors at the block level and extension officers at the village level. The kits may
also be provided to village level veterinary volunteers.

5.15.9 Rural Development Department:

It is the primary agency to implement vulnerability reduction projects to alleviate

poverty and improve people’s livelihoods.

Capacity building of rural population for managing disasters and incorporating

disaster management measures in rural development schemes where the bulk of
the funding is towards improving the quality of life of the rural poor.

Work on mock drills at the community level particularly in populations that are
vulnerable.

Develop a state level disaster management plan for the department and update it
annually.

Encourage disaster resistant technological practices in buildings and

infrastructure.

Analyze the training needs of the department’s personnel, which will include its
officials and elected representatives.
41

Conduct Village Panchayat level mock drills as part of preparedness;

Assist in establishing village disaster management teams.

5.15.10 Health and Family Welfare Department:

They are the primary agency for health related disasters and epidemics which
plays a major role in all disasters in ensuring that health concerns that are an
indirect fall-out of any disaster are adequately addressed.

Ensure that disaster management plans are developed for health centers and
hospitals and that these places are well prepared to deal with sudden rush of
patients at the time of a disaster; check stocks of equipment and drugs which are
likely to be most needed in disaster management.

Ensure that all hospital staff are well informed about possible disasters in the
district-likely damages and effects – and information about ways to protect life,
equipment and property.

Equip all casualty departments and trauma care centers to deal with large
numbers, in event of a disaster.

Ensure adequate availability of emergency health kits in high risk areas;

Train volunteers on emergency preparedness programmes such as first aid and

preventive measure against diseases in disaster prone areas.

Prepare a list of medical and para-medical personnel in disaster prone areas and
make available to DEOC.

Establish and operate an early warning system for health threats based on routine
health information. Review and update precautionary measures and procedures.

To facilitate mobilization of generators to the hospitals and this will help the
hospital administration to maintain uninterrupted power supply during the
disasters.

5.15.11 Department of Environment & Forests:

Primary Agency responsible for forest fires and disasters related to forest areas.

Primary agency for research and development on climate change impact and
adaptation activities for the state.

Prepare a department disaster management plan.

Forest fire prone areas should be identified and extra vigilance be ensured in such
cases.

Organize community awareness programs and create task forces for forest fire
fighting.

42
5.15.12 Municipal Administration & Water Supply Department:

Develop s disaster management plan for the department, including the

identification of location of camps for different type of disasters, existing locations
that can be used as shelters, inventories of agencies that can be used for
establishment of tents.

To conduct regular training for staff on minimum standards for shelter, relief
camps and tent structures.

The department should facilities all corporations and Municipalities to develop

city Disaster Management Plan and to ensure regular updation of the plan.

5.15.13 Department of Civil Supplies and Customer Protection:

Develop a plan that will ensure timely distribution of flood to the affected
population. Plan for food storage locations and maintain a stock of food relief
items for any emergency.

Act as a nodal agency for collection, storage and distribution of flood and other
relief materials during emergencies.

The Department may closely monitor supply of diesel / petrol to bunks during the
disaster.

Fair price outlets for vegetable need to be quickly setup in the affected area.

Identify and delineate vulnerable areas – prepare departmental contingency plan.

Make an inventory of storages & godowns and assess and ensure the safety of
storage places.

Constitute district wise/vulnerable zone wise response teams and delineate roles
and responsibilities.

Estimate the quantity and nature of the supplies required district / vulnerable
zone wise.

Ensure that all ration shops in vulnerable areas are fully stocked.

Fair price shops located in low lying areas vulnerable to flood due to monsoon and
cyclone will be identified and steps will be taken to shift them to higher locations.

Essential commodities especially rice and wheat will be safely stored with water
proof gunny bags stored in full storage in full storage capacity of fair price shops
to meet any emergency during flood.

Liftment and movement of PDS commodities will be watched daily and it will be
ensured that no godown or FPS shall go without stock.

43

New ration cards will be issued to those people who have lost their ration cards
and necessary arrangements will be made to enable the cardholders to get
essential commodities through fair price shops.

In the Tamil Nadu Civil Supplies Corporation godowns, three months stock of rice
and wheat will be kept as buffer stock especially in the 14 coastal districts during
monsoon season.

Also sufficient number of gunny bags will be stored in the godowns of Tamil Nadu
Civil Supplies Corporation for emergency utilization.

Additional allocation of PDS kerosene be mobilized from GOI by taking internal

arrangement and additional quantity of PDS kerosene will be made available to 14
coastal districts for the supply of kerosene to affected families during flood.
Further the additionally allotted quantity of kerosene will be lifted by the
kerosene wholesaler in advance and kept as reserve stock.

5.15.14 Information and Public Relations Departments:

Disseminate Disaster Management information and warnings to the public such

as would enable safety measures being taken and panic lessened.

Media coordination: ensure that proper and adequate information is provides to

the media.

Develop a disaster management plan for the department on its roles and
strategy for dealing with responsibilities; Prepare guidelines / policy for
necessary action by mass media on reporting disasters.

Conduct education and awareness for local communities.

Popularize the techniques for preparedness and survival during a pre-disaster,

disaster and post-disaster period through television, radio and other publicity
media.

Setup a media center to dissipate information to press and Media during

disasters of higher magnitude.

5.15.15 Tamil Nadu Generation and Distribution Corporation (TANGEDCO):

Develop a disaster management plan for the department.

Carry out survey of condition of all power supply lines at state and district level.

Review and update precautionary measures and procedure and review with staff
the precautions that have been taken to protect equipment.

Ensure that alternate power supply arrangements for emergency supply are
available for critical facilities.

Stock spare parts for usage during crisis.

44

Protect Power Stations from disaster.

Take a call on disconnection of electricity supply to prevent electrocution

incidences.

Make deployment teams which can be quickly moved to area where disaster has
struck.

5.15.16 Labour Welfare Department:

Issue disaster management guidelines to all the industries and ensure on-site and
off-site plans for all industries.

Prepare and disseminate guidelines for labour security and safety.

Prepare and disseminate public awareness material related to chemical accidents.

Revise, update and implement rules and regulations for industrial safety and
hazardous waste management.

Ensure that Local Crisis Groups are formed and are functional in places were
major accident hazards industries are located.

5.15.17 School Education Department:

Develop a state disaster management plan for the department.

Preparing curriculum related to disaster management and to introduce at varied

levels in the subjects taught.

As students can get hurt easily with falling objects, the institutions should need
to do their own safety audit.

Coordinate with local authority and carry out mock drills once in a year to
ensure safety for the children who are studying.

Awareness campaigns amongst students teachers.

Arrange for training of teachers and students of disaster prone areas about the
steps to be taken at different stages of disaster and organize them, in
coordination with volunteers and inspire them for rescue, evacuation and relief
works.

To encourage all schools to prepare school Disaster Management Plan in

compliance with NDMA guidelines.

Involve Scout and Guides and NCC units in the school in disaster related training
and awareness.

45
5.17.18 Department of Higher Education:

Develop a state disaster management plan for the department;

All activities similar to that of the school education department will need to be
carried out here.

Rescue clubs have been outlined in the capacity building chapter. Depending
upon the degree to which this is successful, it will tantamount to a massive
youth trained force that is well equipped to deal with most disasters at ground
zero.

5.17.19 Tamil Nadu Water supply and Drainage Board (TWAD):

Identify flood prone areas and activate flood monitoring mechanism.

Often in a flooded area, there will be a shortage of good drinking water. This need
has to be made good.

Collect all the information on weather forecast and the water levels of all water
storage area.

Draw a schedule for chlorination and other required bacteriological analysis for
ensuring safe public water supply.

Keep in readiness essential tool kits and protection material at critical places for
emergency development.

Materials likely to be damaged by rain, such as cement bags, electric motors, office
records etc. should be covered with plastic even though stored inside.

A standby water supply plan should be available in the event of damage or

pollution of the regular supply sources in disaster prone areas.

Make an inventory provision to acquire tankers, containers and storage tanks and
establish other temporary means of distributing water on an emergency basis.

Prepare plans for water distribution to all transit and relief camps, affected
villages and cattle camps and ensure proper execution of these plans.

5.17.20 INSTITUTIONAL (Education, Industry, Health, etc) PREPAREDNESS:

The plan recognizes that in the event of disaster, institutions such as colleges,
factories, commercial establishments, hospitals have to respond quickly to ensure safety
of the inmates. The plan envisages creating awareness about the hazardness, risk and
response. The plan will facilitate preparation of Disaster Management Plan for each
institution and also to establish linkages with state / District Disaster Management
Authorities for better coordination during disaster with specific reference to rescue and
relief operations. The institutions will be encouraged to establish Early Warning Systems
and develop preventive strategies and this will be sensitized on preparedness measures
required to avoid desperate situations;
46
5.17.21 Coordination and Implementation:

In view of the multi departmental and multiple stake holder participation disaster
management, there is a imminent for effective and efficient coordination of various
efforts under taken management of the disasters. The DDMA in the District level will be
primarily responsible for ensuring coordination among all the agencies involved. The
DDMA will extensively use the knowledge networks that will be put in place to meet the
requirements of disaster management.

47
 Chapter VI

Disaster Response
The Revenue Administration, Disaster Management and Mitigation Department
(RADM&MD), is in the process of strengthening disaster management capacity in the
state by providing access to essential facilities, creating support systems and building
human capacities. To cope effectively with crisis and emergency situations, the
department coordinates with the other state departments, policy makers and technical
institutions which develop well- defined strategies to manage crisis and also to mitigate
the risks caused by the same.

The commissioner of Revenue Administration undertakes all activities relating to

Disaster management and mitigation besides managing relief and rehabilitation activities
of any disaster in the state. The principal secretary / commissioner of Revenue
Administration is also the Relief Commissioner of the state.

At the district level, the District Collector has the responsibility for the overall
management of disasters (the Commissioner of Greater Chennai Corporation will be
responsible for the overall management of disasters in Chennai corporation areas). All
departments of the State Government, including the Police, Fire Services, Public Works,
Irrigation, etc., work in a coordinated manner under the leadership of the District
Collector during disasters, except in metropolitan areas where the municipal body plays a
major role. NGOs are also involved in providing relief, rescue and rehabilitation in recent
times.

6.1 Disaster Response

Disaster Response measures are those which are taken instantly prior to, and
following, a disaster aimed at limiting injuries, loss of life and damage to property and the
environment and rescuing those who are affected or likely to be affected by disaster.
Response process begins as soon as it becomes apparent that disastrous event is
imminent and lasts the disaster is declared to be over.

Since response is conducted during periods of high stress in a highly time–

constrained environment and with limited information and recourses (in majority of the
cases), it is by far, the most complex of four functions of disaster management.

Response includes not only those activities that directly address the immediate
needs, such as search and rescue, first aid and shelters, but also includes systems
developed to coordinate and support such efforts. For effective response, all the
stakeholders need to have a clear perception/ vision about hazards, its consequences and
actions that need to be taken in the event of it.

The Revenue Department of the state is the Nodal Department for controlling,
monitoring and directing measures for organizing rescue, relief and rehabilitation. All
other concerned line departments should extend full cooperation in all matters
pertaining to the response management of the disaster whenever it occurs. The state
48
EOC, ERCs and other control rooms at the state level as well as district control rooms will
be activated with full strength.

Primary tasks during this phase would be:

Proper need assessment through village response

Deployment of resources to all affected sections in an equitable manner

Besides food, cloth and shelter facilities such as public health and sanitation is
to be provided in shelters or camps.

Ensuring total transparency in the distribution of relief material

putting in place an objective method of assessing damage

The major response measures which have to be undertaken cutting across

different types of disasters listed below for guidance of the concerned agencies.

The emergency support function deal with the first response whenever a disaster
strikes. The major areas of emergency response activities and the respective responsible
agencies are listed below.

S.NO Emergency Response Activities Responsible Agency

1 Activation of Trigger Mechanism SDMA, DDMA

2 Risk Communication RADM&M Dept., SEOC, DEOC, DIPR,

Media and Telecommunication networks

3 Evacuation of people RADM&M, Urban and local bodies,

Police, Home Guards, Fire and Rescue
services, SDRF, NDRF, Armed Forces,
volunteers, “108” ambulance,
community and others

4 Shelter arrangement for rescued RADM&M, Urban and Local bodies.

people

5 Traffic control and diversions Traffic police, Home Guards, Volunteers

6 Cordoning off the disaster affected SDRF, NDRF, Police, Home Guards and
areas volunteers

7 Law and order maintenance Police and Home Guards

8 Search and Rescue operation Fire and Rescue Services, SDRF, NDRF,
Police etc.,

10 Relief camps and basic amenities in RADM&M, Health Department & Local
shelters bodies

49
11 Identification of dead and injured RADM&M, Police, Health Department
and local bodies

12 Arrangement of medical support for Health Department

causalities

13 Impact & Resource Assessment RADM&M, Urban and local bodies,

Experts

14 Clearance of the disaster affected RD, PWD, Highways & Urban local
areas bodies

15 Prevention of epidemics & organizing Health Department and local bodies

health camps

16 Need based Establishment of RADM&M and local bodies

temporary shelters

17 Mobilizing resources for relief and RADM&M, civil supplies, RD&PR and
restoration urban local bodies

18 Clearance of debris / Solid waste SDRF, F&RS, PWD, Highways

Department and local bodies

19 Restoration of communication & Road PWD, Highways, Urban / Rural local

networks bodies, RD&PR, TANGEDCO

20 Provision of water TWAD, CMWSSB and local bodies

21 Restoration of Electricity TANGEDCO

22 Resumption of transportation Road transport and highways

23 Food Arrangements RADM&M, civil supplies and local bodies

24 Provision of relief supplies RADM&M, civil supplies, RD&PR and

Urban local bodies

25 Temporary mortuary / dead body Health, RADM&M and local bodies

disposal

26 Evacuation and shelter arrangements Animal Husbandry Department, Blue

for cattle/Livestock Cross local bodies and volunteers

27 Carcass disposal Animal Husbandry

28 Back to normalcy RADM&M, all line departments

50
 Chapter VII

Reconstruction, Rehabilitation and Recovery Programme

Reconstruction and rehabilitation activities come under the post-disaster phase.
Currently, the activities in this phase are primarily carried out by the local bodies (Gram
Panchayat, District, Taluk, Municipal corporations, and Municipalities etc.) and various
government departments and boards. However, their activities in this phase shall be in
accordance with the reconstruction and rehabilitation plans framed by TNSDMA, in
conjunction with implementing authorities.

The reconstruction and rehabilitation plan is designed specifically for the worst case
scenario. It is activated in case of a disaster in which the capacity of State and District
authorities have been overwhelmed and require assistance from the central government
for re-establishing normalcy in the state.

Once the response process is in place the recovery process is activated by resorting to
the following actions.

Providing and erecting temporary housing to the victims and displaced persons.

Facilitating and providing claims and grants as per the relief manual.

Providing counseling to the victims.

Providing and facilitating medical support for the victims requiring long term care.

Clearing and disposing off the debris created as a result of collapse of physical
infrastructure and elements.

Initiating the process of reconstruction by adapting improvised technologies for

safe construction.

The approach to the reconstruction process will be aimed at converting adversity into
opportunity. Incorporating disaster resilient features to ‘Build-Back-Better’ will be the
guiding principal. The choice of technology will be based on its likely impact on physical,
social-cultural or economic environment of the communities in the affected areas or in
their neighborhood.

The key activities in this phase are as below;

7.1 Detailed Damage Assessment:

While a preliminary damage assessment is carried out during disaster phase, a

detailed assessment will be conducted before commencing reconstruction and
rehabilitation activities.

The relevant government department and local authorities will initiate detailed
assessment at their respective level for damages sustained in housing, industry/services,
infrastructure, agriculture, health/education assets in the affected regions.

51
7.2. Assistances to restore houses and dwelling units:

The Government of Tamil Nadu may, if needs, will formulate a policy of assistance to
help the affected to restore damaged houses and dwellings in commensurate the nature
and quantum of damages. This will neither be treated as compensation for damage, nor as
an automatic entitlement.

7.3 Relocation:

The Government of Tamil Nadu believes that need-based considerations and not
extraneous social factors driven relocation of affected community. The local authorities,
in consultation with the affected communities and under the guidance of TNSDMA, will
determine relocation needs taking into account criteria relevant to the nature of the
calamity and the extent of damage.

Relocation efforts will include activities like:

Gaining consent of the affected population

Land acquisition

Urban/rural land use planning

Customizing relocation packages

Obtaining due legal clearances for relocation

Getting the necessary authorization or rehabilitation

Livelihood rehabilitation measures for relocated communities, wherever

necessary

7.4 Finalizing Reconstruction & Rehabilitation Plan:

The effectiveness of any reconstruction and rehabilitation is based on detailed

planning and careful monitoring of the relevant projects. TNSDMA will oversee
reconstruction and rehabilitation work and ensure that it takes into account the overall
development plans for the State. TNSDMA will approve reconstruction and rehabilitation
projects based on:

identification of suitable projects by relevant departments;

Project detaining and approval by the relevant technical authority.

7.5 Funds Generation:

Reconstruction & rehabilitation projects are fairly resource intensive. These projects
have been financed in the past primarily through the sate exchequer. In the recent past,
funds have also been raised from international agencies. Government of Tamil Nadu shall
finalize the fund generation mechanism, including the covenants and measures that
govern fund inflow and disbursement and usage. This includes:

52

Estimation of funds required based on detailed damage assessment reports and
consolidation of the same under sectoral and regional heads;

Contracting with funding agencies and evolving detailed operating procedures

for fund flow and corresponding covenants.

7.6 Funds disbursement and audit:

The funds raised from funding agencies are usually accompanied by stringent
disbursement and usage restrictions. It is therefore important to monitor the
disbursement of such funds to ensure that none of the covenants are breached. TNSDMA,
in conjunction with relevant agencies, shall monitor disbursal of funds by:

Prioritizing resource allocation across approved projects;

Establishing mechanisms(like a chain of banks, collection centres, nature of

accounts, spread etc) for collection of funds;

Ongoing monitoring and control of fund usage throughout actual project

implementation.

7.7 Information, Education and Communication Technology (IECT):

Communication activities are necessary to convey to the larger community the scope
and nature of the proposed reconstruction and rehabilitation effort so as to increase the
stakeholder awareness and buy-in for the ongoing activities. Hence, TNSDMA and
relevant Government departments, district administration and local authorities shall
undertake.

Media Management/Public Relations: To ensure accurate communication of the

reconstruction and rehabilitation measures being taken to various stakeholders

Community Management: This includes communicating to the affected communities

with a view to apprising them of the efforts being made for their
relocation/rehabilitation/reconstruction.

Feedback Mechanisms: Using the communication network to get feedback on

reconstruction and rehabilitation measures.

7.8 Dispute Resolution Mechanisms:

DDMA, in consultation with line Departments will formulate mechanisms to address

beneficiary grievances at various levels, as well as explore innovative ways of dispute
minimization like involving the community in reconstruction initiatives. Appropriate
mechanism with penalties for dealing with false claims will be evolved to prevent misuse
of assistance.

53
 Chapter VIII

Disaster / Risk Management Strategies

Nine major types of disasters have been identified on order to provide an
understanding that is necessary to tackle the situation effectively. These is often a
commodity of issues faced in a disaster and this indicates that with minimum appropriate
preparedness it is possible to manage disasters effectively

8.1 Cyclone:

Since Sivaganga District is a landlocked district disaster on this type of disaster is

remote.

8.2 Floods:

Floods are often a result of heavy rains associated with the natural course of
surplus water flow being hindered by encroachments, unplanned developments and the
like. Heavy rainfall in excess of normal capacity to manage the quantity of water can also
results in cityscapes historically built on flat levels. The Central Water Commission has
developed a network of food forecasting stations and issues Daily Flood Bulletins to all
designated Authorities/Agencies of the Central Government and State
Governments/District Administration during the Monsoon seasons for all the major river
basins in the following categories:

1) Category IV Low Flood stage (Water level of the river is flowing between
Warning level and Danger Level)

2) Category III: Medium Flood (Water Level Below 0.050m.less than HFL and above
Danger Level)

3) Category II: High Flood (Water Level less than Highest Flood Level but still
within 0.50.m. of the HFL)

4) Category I: Unprecedented Flood (Water Level equal and above Highest Flood
Level (HFL)

8.2.1 Pre Disaster:

Effective early warning shall be given when a decision has been taken to
release water from a reservoir/dam

Public Address System/sirens and other methods shall be planned for all
habitations that are in the course of the river.

All the sirens/hooters should be connected by laying cable or other modern

techniques/systems so that they will ring simultaneously at the press of a
button.

54

Flood warning mechanism should be ensures. Activate flood warning to
vulnerable communities and stakeholders.

Evacuation of vulnerable people to safe are as and [re-designated shelters

to be done.

If Flood risk is reduces, a Flood de-warning may be issued in consultation

with PWD (WRO)

Boats become an essentiality on account of the flooding and hence need to

be sourced from various sources. The problem is more acute when the
flooding occurs inland.

8.2.2 During Disaster:

In case Flood occurs, rescue and relief activities shall be initiated

immediately (to be read along with chapter 6) Police/Fire – Rescue
teams/Ambulances will need to be pressed into service. Citizen Rescue and
swimming teams will need to be put to work.

8.2.3 Non-Disaster:

The District Collector must arrange for a full-fledged review of PWD tanks and
dams separately to ensure that the flood level release protocol is fully understood by the
officers themselves. Maintenance issues of the lakes and dams will also need to be looked
along with surplus run off.

8.2.4 Declaration of Stage of Flood:

The standard phrases that are used in declaring the stages of the flood situation
are as follows:

Flood Alert: Flooding is possible. Be prepared

Flood Warning: Flood is expected require immediate action

Severe Flood Warning: Danger to life and property

De Warning: Flood warning/Flood alert is withdrawn

8.2.5 Reservoir Operations:

Non-Disaster period:

The Reservoir Operation Manual prescribing the Standard Operating

Procedure (SOP) for release of water, prepared by the PWD units operating
and maintaining projects after being periodically updated will need to be
made available to the SEOC.

55

The SEOC/DEOC will need to monitor the levels in all reservoirs – big and
small – and maintain a position of alert to ensure that there is no system
failure in monitoring.

A similar procedure should be followed in all hydroelectric projects

including run of river mode projects and clear cut hierarchy declared to the
SEOC/DEOC on the protocol/SOP for decision making on release of water
and flood levels through the water course.

A computerized reporting systems may be devised to monitor the water

discharge system in all the projects across the state so that there is
adequate coordination amongst the various projects to avoid any kind of
mishap.

A robust warning system will need to be installed in the water discharge

route that will caution the public about releases and flood levels reaching
the danger mark.

All the vulnerable points along the course of the waterway should be
restricted in such a manner that it may be closed in the event of a flood
level warning.

Safety audit of all the projects should be got done through an independent
agency.

An Emergency Action Plan (EAP) for each dam is a crucial activity to

minimize the loss of life and property and damage in the event of
occurrence of any emergency situation.

Periodical checking of the stability of bund/working of sluice gates have to

be carried out without compromise.

Flood 2005:

The district experienced heavy rainfall and flood during november 2005. During
that monsoon period, out of 521 revenue villages, 148 villages were marooned. About
282 km of highway roads 72 km of municipal roads and 1901 km of panchayat roads
were damaged. In case of emergency, Navy and Coast Guard have to be called to assist in
the resume and relief operations. Boats also have to be called to reach the marooned
villages for rescue operations.

There was heavy flooding on 20.11.2006 due to a jungle stream on Sanaveli

ground level bridge on the adjacent Ramnad District. A passenger bus was caught in the
floods, capsized the bus and 10 persons belonging to this district were among those killed
in the accident. Based on this experience, the Police, Highways, PWD, Revenue and
Transport authorities were alerted to take precautionary measures sufficient to avert
such kind of accidents.

56
FLOOD 2011:

Sivaganga District usually receives considerable rainfall during North East

Monsoon other than the rainfall during South West Monsoon.

The normal average rainfall during the North East Monsoon for Sivaganga district
is 413.7mm during the North East Monsoon of the year 2011, Sivaganga district average
rainfall was recorded 526.89 mm.

Singampunari received water from adjacent district, Madurai and Dindigul. Heavy
rainfall in catchment area of Palaar and forest rivers which flows from Dindigul through
Singampunari during 2011.

During the flood 2011 the loss of human life was 5 and cattle loss was 7 further
lose of life was controlled by taking subsequent precautionary actions.

8.3 Tsunami:

Since Sivaganga District is a land locked district and has no coast. Hence the
disasters an this front is NIL.

8.4 Drought:

Drought is an universally acknowledged phenomenon associated with scarcity of

water and is in all climatic zones. It is still largely unpredictable and varies with regard to
the time of occurrence, duration, intensity, and extent of the area affected from year to
year. It is a temporary condition caused by significantly less rainfall for an extended
period of time, usually during a season when substantial rainfall is normally expected
over the area. The deficiency in the rainfall is measured relative to the long-period
average of rainfall over the area. The severity of the drought can also be aggravated by
other climatic factors such as high temperature, high wind and low humidity. With this
background, drought is broadly perceived in different ways.

1. Meteorological drought: When actual rainfall over an area is significantly less

than the climatological mean.

2. Hydrological drought: When there is marked depletion of surface water

causing very low stream flow and drying of lakes, reservoirs and rivers.

3. Agricultural drought: When inadequate soil moisture particularly in rain fed

areas which may not support crop growth.

4. Soil Moisture drought: Inadequate soil moisture particularly in rain fed areas
which may not support crop growth.

5. Socio economic drought: The reduction of availability of fund and income

loss on account of crop failures endangering food and social security of the
people in the affected areas.

57
 6. Famine: When large scale of collapse of access to food occurs which without
intervention, can lead to mass starvation.

7. Ecological drought: when the productivity of a natural eco system fails

significantly as a consequence of distress induced environmental damage.

8.4.1 Pre Disaster and During Disaster:

A Block- Wise Drought Management plan will need to be prepared by the

Agriculture department.

Agriculture department will need to provide seeds for drought resistant

crops and any other assistance. Soft loans, subsidies and micro credit may
need to be arranged.

Weekly monitoring of the season and crop condition from June onwards till
the end of the season will be needed to make the required crop corrections.

Drinking water may need to be provided to the affected pockets with lorries.

Existing water sources such as ponds and small tanks may need simple
treatment of bleaching powder to keep the water pure and free from
contamination.

The thrust will also have to be on employment generation schemes that will
provide cash liquidity in the hands of the people to survive drought.

8.4.2 Non Disaster:

Strengthening of storage levels of dams, reservoirs and canals for surface

irrigation and percolation ponds and check dams will help to mitigate this
disaster. This will also include effective desilting and clearing of
encroachments in the supply and surplus run channels.

Enforcement of laws regulating ground water levels is necessary before

this disaster strikes.

Agriculture department will need to play a major role in choice of drought

resistant crops, improved techniques of irrigation and advising the
farmer on crops that are like to destroy livelihoods even if found
successful initially.

Popularizing rain- water harvesting will need to be a priority.

Advanced technologies of irrigation will need to be promoted such as drip

and sprinkler irrigation and water harvesting for agricultural
requirements. This will bear benefits in the long – term.

In residential areas, water recycling for gardening purposes will ensure

more economical use of water and promote water conservation. Similar
to the insistence of rain water harvesting technology being incorporated
58
 in building plan approvals, the concept of water recycling technologies
being integrated in building plan will need to find approval.

Ensuring that parks and public spaces use recycled water will help to
promote a culture of water conservation.

In the long – term, a culture of respecting the water bodies that the state
has and preservation and maintenance of the same is essential to keep
Tamil Nadu a drought free state.

8.5 Heat waves:

Extreme positive departures from the normal maximum temperature result in a

heat wave during the summer season. The rising maximum temperature during the pre –
monsoon months continues till June and in very rare cases till July. Heat waves, apart
from causing potential fatal condition among people may also cause death of birds,
poultry and cattle.

8.5.1 Early Warning and Indicators of heat wave:

In response to the devastating mortality and morbidity of recent heat-wave

events, many countries have introduced heat – wave early warning systems. Heat- wave
early warning are designed to reduce the avoidable human health consequences from
heat – waves through timely notification of prevention measures to vulnerable
populations. India Meteorological Department has developed criteria for heat waves
based on temperature at stations and is issuing weather warning forecasting on the level
of heat waves likely to prevail in the regions for 5 days at a time. The Regional
Meteorological Centre (RMC) in Chennai has been publishing weather projections for
Tamil Nadu on its website, keeping people informed with regular updates of projections
of average temperatures for a week ahead for every district in the state. Such information
can provide timely warning to the public to take adequate precautions to prevent being
affected by the heat wave and thus mitigate the disaster.

8.5.2 During Disaster:

Healthcare professionals will need to advise on heat –related illnesses to

reduce mortality and morbidity.

Public need to be made aware on how to be protected against extreme heat

wave conditions.

Do’s and Don’ts on heat – related illnesses must be widely publicized in

press, television and social media.

Education institutions may need to rework the timings to lessen exposure to

the heat wave.

Local school and colleges will need to equip teachers with knowledge on
heat protection tips.

59

Awareness needs to be built constantly – LED Screen in public places can
display temperatures and rolling forecasts.

Stockpiling of ORS is necessary in Primary Health Care centers.

Making good drinking water available to the public in Bus stands and other
public places is necessary. Public minded citizens, Clubs, Associations,
Educational Institutions, religious places and the like may be encouraged to
provide simple shelters in public places that will have drinking water.

8.6 Landslides:

Sivaganga District has no mountain (or) hilly regions expect 2 hillocks in S.pudur
and Kundrakudi hence the disaster on this front is Nil.

8.7 EARTHQUAKE:

8.7.1 Introduction:

An earthquake is a sudden event and gives hardly any time to react. Early warning
or prediction of an earthquake is not easy. Preparing for an emergency situation in
advance will save precious lives, infrastructures and facilities. Death and destruction
happen due to failing of buildings infrastructure or other hanging / flying objects.

The protocol for early warning and prediction of an earthquake is not presently
available India Meteorological Department (IMD) monitors seismic activity in and around
the country. The IMD estimates the earthquake source parameters on the occurrence of
earthquake and disseminates information to all the concerned agencies responsible for
relief and rehabilitation measures. The SEOC will provide the information to the districts
likely to be affected. In Tamil Nadu, three seismological network stations are available
and the details are as follows;
Location of seismological monitoring centers
Location Code State Latitude Longitude Altitude
(Deg: Min) (Deg: Min) Above
MSL
Chennai MDR TamilNadu 13:04.08N 80:14.78E 15

Kodaikanal KOD TamilNadu 10:14.00N 77:28.00E 2345

Salem SALM TamilNadu 11:39.00N 78:12.00E 278

60
The Anna University, Chennai also monitors seismological events from four different
locations namely:

1) Ranipettai Engineering college, Wallajah

2) Bharathidasan Institute of Technology, Tiruppattur

3) Idhaya Engineering College, China Salem

4) Periyar Maniammai Engineering College, Hosur

8.7.2 Non – Disaster and Pre – Disaster:

As there is no warning time for an earthquake and these two phases merge into one.

Precautionary steps in construction related activities are the only way to

mitigating earthquake related disasters.

Vulnerability and Risk Assessment will need to be done in earthquake prone areas
and according zoned and the district administration made aware of the same. The
vulnerability and risk assessment map should then be made available to DDMA /
TNSDMA.

Awareness is necessary among different stakeholders ranging from the

communities involved, builders, contractors, government officials and others.

The stability of existing buildings will need to be assessed.

Earthquake resistance features need to be promoted in such zones by the Town

planning departments. Training sessions need to be organized for Builders,
contractors and real estate promoters until such a time that it has been fully
assimilated in the community.

Building technologies that have been successful in countries exposed to frequent

earthquakes need to be promoted

A permanent exhibition center will need to be created in such zone to provide a

model approach to construction that the average citizen can relate to. A model
home – to indicate the style of construction at different stages – could also serve to
bring greater awareness.

Large buildings such as community halls, marriage halls, malls, theatres and the
like will need design compatibility with earthquake resistant structures.

Educational institutions for Architects, both public and private, will need to be
directed to incorporate design elements of earthquake resistant technology into
their syllabus.

61
8.7.3 During the Disaster:

Occurrence of the earthquake will need to be disseminated in all available means

and the DEOC shall take extra efforts to do so.

The only option in an event of an earthquake happening is to leave the building

immediately and move into an open space where one does not have to be
threatened by failing objects. This should be announced in the media by SEOC /
DEOC.

8.7.4 Post Disaster:

Search and Rescue measures and post disaster Relief as outlined in chapter 6 are
relevant in dealing with the situation.

8.8 CHEMICAL INDUSTRIAL DISASTER:

As there are no major chemical industrial the disaster on this front is nil.

8.9 Management of contamination:

8.9.1 Contamination of water supply:

The management of incidents of CBRN contamination of water supply provides for

a model SOP as given below which needs to be followed.

8.9.2 Incident Reporting:

Any breach of security or suspected event of accidental or intentional

contamination will need to be communicated to the Executive Engineer and others in
charges of the water facility through the quickest possible means. The local police, law
enforcement and intelligence agencies will also need to be informed and physical
quarantine done of the contaminated site. The incident would also need to be reported to
SEOC with a request for any help as assessed.

8.9.3 Site characterization:

The water supply in charge along with law enforcement agencies should visit the
site and carry out on – site inspection for the identification of physical evidence to
confirm the incident. Police & Law enforcement agencies would collect and preserve
physical evidence for further investigation and necessary action. Water facility in charge
will also need to make an initial hazard assessment based on available evidence to
determine the need for specialized men, material, techniques or equipment to deal with
the problem. Based on the findings of the initial site evaluation, both inflow and out flow
of water supply should be stopped immediately.

62
8.9.4 Preliminary Screening:

Specifically trained public health personnel should be deployed for sample

collection and spot – testing. The sample would be collected from the nearest point. A
sample collected would be divided into two, one for spot testing and another for
laboratory testing. The first set would be subjected to spot testing by prescribed methods.
Once the incident and nature of contamination is established, the same would be
communicated to the district administration in precise and clear language for activating
their crisis management plan. Following a positive screening, second half of the sample
would be immediately sent to pre identified reference laboratories in consultation with
TNSDMA

8.9.5 Risk Communication:

The District administration will then need to make a public announcement of a

contamination event in clear and precise language along with requisite precautions to be
taken. All care will need to be taken to avoid an undue panic situation.

8.9.6 Alternate Supply:

The concerned Executive Engineer in association with district administration

would also need to make alternate water supply arrangements. In the absence of
alternate supply, water would need to be decontaminated through reverse osmosis. The
mobile water purification van developed by DRDO will be of help for which NDMA will
need to be contacted.

8.9.7 Decontamination:

Supply lines and storage facilities will need to be decontaminated using

appropriate and available technology such as Reverse Osmosis, Carbon Columns and
other water purification systems (WPS) suitable for purification of water contaminated
by CBRN agents. The State Pollution Board has the necessary expertise to advice on this
issue.

TWAD Board should be the nodal agency for decontamination process since it is
the premier agency having necessary expertise to advice on this issue than the Pollution
Board.

8.9.8 Restoration of Supply:

Following repair and decontamination of facilities, a fresh water sample will need
to be retested and certified for public consumption.

8.10 Nuclear and Radiological Emergency Scenarios:

Since the districts and the adjacent district have no nuclear installation, the
disaster on this front is NIL.

63
 Chapter IX

Mainstreaming concerns into Developmental Plans / Programs and

projects
Mainstreaming Disaster Management into the development planning process
essentially means looking critically at each activity that is being planned, not only from
the perspective of reducing the disaster vulnerability of that activity, but also from the
perspective of minimizing that activity’s potential contribution to the hazard.

Every development plan in the state would require incorporating elements of

impact assessment, risk reduction, and adoption the ‘Do No Harm’ approach. Measures
such as urban planning and zoning, upgradation of building codes their enforcement,
adoption of disaster resilient housing designs and flood proofing, response preparedness
planning, insurance, establishment of early warning systems generating community
awareness, creating technical competence and promoting research among engineers,
architects, health experts will be taken on priority.

9.1 Inclusion of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) in Development Planning:

The current level of urbanization is likely to increase. Urbanization is inevitable

and growing at a fast pace, urban settlements are bound to be confronted with problems
of greater magnitude in terms of shelter options, cramped living spaces, Problems of
transportation, access to facilities, services etc and above all the climate change,
mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) issues in development plans etc are to be
interlinked vertically and horizontally for fail safe infrastructures in Tamil Nadu.

The major challenges which will be addressed are as follows:

9.1.1 Technical:

Risk Identification & Assessment

Vulnerability Assessment

Identification and optimum utilization of local resources.

Monitoring the DMP plans of all projects

Integration of development plans with Disaster Management plan

9.1.2 Regulatory:

Development of laws

Up-gradation of Building Bylaws

Building Inspection and compliance of BIS

Soil Improvement measures

64

Disaster Risk assessment as part of project planning

Mandatory geological & geotechnical examination of all engineering

programmes

9.1.3 Organizational:

Achieving greater Integration between state, District, Taluk, Block & Panchayat
level governance through:

Sensitizing professionals and people about DRR issues. Sensitization

community and NGO’s towards disaster mitigation and projecting DRR as new
challenge for all ULBs and PRLS.

Creating an enabling environment through capacity building of stakeholders,

Use of information on hazard potential, incorporating earthquake resistant

features in buildings and undertaking flood control measures, Integrating
disaster vulnerability into land – use planning,

Implementing regulatory measures in industrial zones such as land use plans,

zonal development and layout plans

Facilitating setting up of Disaster Management cells in industrial belts through

Industrial Associations

Generating preparedness and emergency management capacity at all levels.

Manage and enhance the capacity of ULBs for Minimization the hazard risks
and Establishing institutional framework

Facilitating structural and non- structural interventions

9.1.4 Disaster Risk Reduction Initiatives:

Mapping hazard prone areas at the block level in respect of earthquake,

floods, landslides, drought, urban flood and other man made &
environmental hazard.

Devising appropriate zoning regulation.

Implementation and enforcement of zoning regulations and building bye

laws

Vulnerability Assessment of buildings

Feasibility study for retrofitting of residential and lifeline buildings

Adoption of villages and communities by private project proponents for

disaster preparedness and capacity building.

65

DDMA’s will ensure that all the disaster relief and recovery programmes
and projects that originate from or are funded by any agency satisfy
developmental aims and reduce future disaster risks.

Several ongoing programs will need to incorporate Disaster Risk Reduction

components and that includes Tamil Nadu Village Habitations Improvement Scheme
which aims to provide minimum basic infrastructure facilities for all habitations; the
solar – powered greenhouse scheme; the Rural Building Maintenance and Renovation
scheme; Housing schemes which include the India Awas Yojana; Mahatma Gandhi
National Rural Employment Guarantee scheme; Pradan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana and
several other schemes. A brief look at some of these schemes and what integrating and
convergence of Disaster Risk Reduction will entail is outlined below:

9.2 Indira Awas Yojana (IAY):

Inclusion of measure such as application of Hazard design in construction of IAY

houses; appropriate sites for IAY housing as to avoid disaster prone locations;
Development of model disaster resistant design for IAY houses and capacity Building of
Rural masons on safe construction.

9.3 Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee scheme (MGNREGS):

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee scheme was inaugurated

in Sivaganga district on 02.02.2006 in Phase 1 districts. This scheme provides 100 days
of unskilled employment per household in a year. There are 12 blocks, 445 panchayats
and 811 clusters with 190391 registered Households under the scheme in the district.
The wage rate to an unskilled worker has been increased to Rs.205 in the financial year
2017-18 from Rs.203 in the financial year 2016-17.

MGNREGS is a major drought mitigation measure as it provides an alternative

source of rural income in the face of failing farm outputs. Government of india has
provided 50 days of additional employment since drought was notified in all districts of
Tamil Nadu in the year 2016-17. Due to this additional persondays and non availability of
agriculture works, achievement of persondays in the district raised to 132% ie. 83.39
lakh against the target of 64.11 persondays .

The comparison chart of last 5 years is shown below

66
 MGNREGA

Sivagangai District – year wise Persondays

achievement

S. No Year Persondays

1 2013-14 7363266

2 2014-15 4954508

3 2015-16 6773758

4 2016-17 8638887

5 2017-18 304061

MGNREGA
Sivagangai District - Persondays Comparison

Upto March

Various category of works are implemented under the scheme, in which

following drought mitigation works are implemented in 2016-17 financial year in the
district:

67
 1. Desilting of MI tanks , Ooranies, Supply channel: In 2016-17 finanacial year,
1023 MI tanks, ooranies and supply channel works were takenup for desilting
at an estimate amount of Rs.11568.18 lakhs.

2. MGNREGS convergence with PMKSY: Deepening and renovation of MI tanks

work has been taken up in 77 MI tanks in convergence with Pradhan Mantri
Krishi Sinchayee Yojana at an estimate cost of RS.262.61 lakhs. In this work,
MGNREGS provides 60% labour component ie.Rs.42.70 lakhs and 40%
material component ie.Rs.27.02 lakhs and PMKSY provides over and above
40% material cost of MGNREGS ie.Rs.192.89 lakhs.

3. Desilting of PWD supply channel: 113.18 km of supply channel were

identified and desilted against the target of 200km fixed for the district.
4. Creation of water resources to individual land holders:

Farm Pond: farm pond is dug in an individual farmers land to store

rain water and to recharge the ground water table and nearby
water sources. Some beneficiaries are also using it for fish rearing.
In the fianancial year 2016-17, 292 nos. were fixed as target and in
2017-18, 350 is fixed as target for the district. so far, 76 no of works
were takenup and works are in progress.

Dug Well in individual farmers land and Group well in common

land: Dug well is provided to the individual small and marginal
farmers at an unit cost of Rs.8.00 lakhs. Unit cost for group well is
RS.12 lakhs. Target received for the district was 20 nos. but 28 no of
dug well were taken up so far in the district.

In 2017-18 financial year, Natural resource management works are given

priority under MGNREGS. The following works has been taken up under the scheme for
this year.

Desilting of 200km PWD supply channel.

Recharge shaft around existing defunct borewell – 480 Nos.

Check dams in Panchayat union supply channels- 80 Nos.

Soak pit in pilot basis- 6500 nos.

Desilting of 760km field channel in MI tanks, ooranies and ponds.

Recharge pit in ponds/tanks/ooranies.

68
 In sivagangai district, the physical and financial outlay for next 5 years under
MGNREGS is shown below.

Physical and Financial Outlay for Five Years –MGNREGS

2018-2019 2019-2020 2020-2021 2021-2022 2022-2023 Total

Unit Phy. Phy. Phy. Phy. Phy. Phy.
S Description Fin. Fin. Fin. Fin. Fin.
(Ha./ (in (in Fin. In (in (in (in (in
.No of work In In In In In
No.) Ha./ Ha./ Lakh Ha./ Ha./ Ha./ Ha./
Lakh Lakh Lakh Lakh Lakh
No.) No.) No.) No.) No.) No.)

1 2 3 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Renovation
of M.I.
tanks & 2776
1 887 7375 980 8886.3 980 9775 980 10752 980 11827 4807 48616
Desilting of (Nos)
water
courses

Renovation 2243
2 324 2025 408 2752.1 324 2461 324 2706.7 324 2977 1704 12921
of Ooranies (Nos)

TOTAL 0 1211 9400 1388 11638 1304 12236 1304 13459 1304 14805 6511 61538

9.4 Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana:

The master plan for rural roads, the district rural road plan and identification of
core network under the planning process of this scheme would need to explicitly address
the disaster risk reduction concerns and accord priority to connect vulnerable
habitations; The technical guidelines should explicitly provide for suitable protection and
inclusion of disaster risk concerns explicitly provision of cross drainage, slope
stabilization, work – especially in flood and landslide prone areas.

9.5 Sarva Shiksa Abiyan:

Development of a police paper on school safety; Introducing school safety as a part

of the guidelines of SSA which is currently focusing on inclusive development; Developing
structurally safe model designs for schools; Introducing school safety in the teacher’s
Training curriculum; Training of Rural Engineers appointed under SSA scheme as well as
the SSA state coordinators; and training of masons in rural areas.

9.6 Rajiv Awas Yojanna:

As slum dwellers often become the most vulnerable community during disasters
such as floods, fire, high wind speed – Rajiv Awas Yojana which is focusing on developing
69
slump free cities and capacity building and community mobilization can work towards
community level disaster preparedness through this program. The Housing schemes to
be implemented in cities need to incorporate hazard resistant features.

9.7 National Rural Health Mission:

The Health department will need to ensure that village Health Plan and the District
Health Plan address the disaster risk reduction concerns in vulnerable habitations and
vulnerable districts; provide training to health workers on disaster health preparedness
and response; strengthen disease Health Surveillance system in rural areas; Ensure the
structural safety of PHCs and other health care service delivery centers in rural areas;
Arrange for training of doctors and hospital staff on mass casualty management and
emergency medicine that are likely to occur during a disaster.

9.8 Kudimaramath Scheme

The Government of Tamil Nadu in G.O. No. 50 PWD Department dated10.3.2017

has issued administrative sanction for Rs.100 during 2016-17 for undertaking 40 works
to the tune of Rs.3.93 Crore under the Kudimaramath Scheme for Public Works
Department, for Saruganiar Basin Division and out of that 15 works have been completed
and another 25 works are under progress. In the Manimuthar Basin Division, 20 works
have been taken up under the Kudimaramath Scheme for the year 2016-17, of that 13
works have been completed and another 7 are under progress. Proposals for Rs.
3539.40 lakhs have also been prepared and submitted to the Government under the
scheme. When these works are completed, the water bodies in Sivaganga District will
definitely withstand flood related disasters in a better way.

9.9 De-silting of water bodies

In G.O.(Ms.) No. 50 Industries Department dated 27.04.2017 the Government have

ordered to desilt tanks, kanmais, reservoirs, channals in order to store more rain water
in the monsoon seasons, and as well as for strengthening of tank bunks. In Sivaganga 158
Public Works Department tanks and 2478 Panchayat Union Tanks have been notified for
de-silting. The main purpose for de-silting is to strengthen the tank bunds and to
distribute the fertile silt to the common public. While distributing the silt the first
priority is to be given to the farmers who are doing agriculture, and second priority to
the potters and the next priority to common man for agricultural as well as other
domestic purposes.

When the de-silting process is completed, the bunds of water bodies will be strengthened
so as to withstand natural as well as man-made disasters. It will also be useful to the
farming community.

9.10 THAI Scheme

With the objective of equitable distribution of resources to all habitations so as to

overcome the bottlenecks in the uneven distribution of resources and to provide
70
minimum basic infrastructure facilities to all the habitations, the Government introduced
the “Tamil Nadu Habitations Improvement” (THAI) Scheme during the year 2011-12 so
as to execute works for the period of five years from 2011-12 to 2015-16

Minimum basic requirements like water supply, street lights, Roads,

Improvements to burial grounds, pathway to burial grounds, additional requirements
like Anganwadi Centers, Public distribution shops, SHG Buildings, Threshing floor, play
ground and other needy works were taken up under THAI Scheme.

With the aim of providing / upgrading certain essential infrastructure

facilities in rural areas, it has been proposed to extend the THAI Scheme for another 5
years from 2016-17 to 2020-21 as THAI II.

The required funds for THAI Scheme -II will be apportioned from State
Finance Commission Grant(SFC), Infrastructure Gap Filling Fund(IGFF) and pooled
Assigned Revenue(SPAR) respectively.

Considering the fact that the rural population will also have an impact on
the settlement pattern and infrastructural requirement of the Village Panchayats, it has
been decided to allocate funds based on the number of habitations and population in the
manner of giving 60% weightage to the total number of habitations and 40% weightage
to the total rural population. Based on the above formula District wise / Block wise
allocation of funds has been made.

The Village Panchayats / Habitations which are covered under THAI Scheme
during the first year of implementation need not be taken up for work selection in the
next year of in the subsequent years. By adopting this principle, the number of Village
Panchayats / Habitations to be covered in each year will be equally distributed over the
period of five years.

Since the basic requirements of all the Village Panchayats were fulfilled to the
maximum extent, it is proposed to take up the following 2 category of works in the Village
Panchayats under THAI Scheme II.

1. Improvements of MI Tanks
2. Basic Infrastructure and Amenities (including roads)

In respect of Sivagangai District component wise funds allotted for the

implementation of THAI- II Scheme are as shown below:

71
 No. of Rs. in Crore
Name of
S. No Village Total MI Basic
the District Roads
Panchayats Allocation Tank Amenities
1. Sivagangai 445 22.49 9.00 9.00 4.50

Out of the aforesaid two components, improvement of MI Tanks relate

to “Mainstreaming of Disaster Management” under THAI Scheme.

Improvements of Minor Irrigation Tanks:

The main objective of the programme is to ensure comprehensive

rehabilitation of Minor Irrigation Tanks which are under the control of Panchayat Union,
so as to restore the tanks to their full capacity, increase ground water recharge, prevent
surplus run off and breaches in the water bodies and also to regulate the storage of water
for drinking and agricultural purposes, thereby ensuring sustainable drinking water
supply and increasing the crop productivity and area irrigated.
As against the allocation of Rs. 9.00 Crores, to Sivagangai District
43 MI Tanks have been proposed and administrative sanction accorded for rehabilitation
at the total estimate cost of Rs.790.09 Lakhs totally during the year 2016-17 towards
Mainstreaming of Disaster Management under THAI-II Scheme. The block wise abstract
is as shown below.
A.S. Accorded
Sl.No. Name of the Block Amount (Rs
No.of MI Tanks
in Lakhs)
1 Sivagangai 5 61.11
2 Kalayarkovil 5 113.810
3 Manamadurai 3 59.740
4 Thiruppuvanam 3 58.700
5 Ilayangudi 4 85.440
6 Thiruppathur 3 54.120
7 Singampunari 3 45.910
8 Sakkotai 3 45.590
9 Kallal 4 66.970
10 Devakottai 5 93.740
11 Kannangudi 3 72.330
12 S.Pudur 2 32.630
Total 43 790.09
72
 THAI -II - Proposed works in 2016-17

S. No Name of the work No.of works Remarks

43 works (Total estimate

Desilting, Deepening & Strengthening
1 43 amount - 787.09 lakhs)
of MI tank
Tender in process

9.11 Coastal Disaster Risk Reduction Project (CDRRP)

Sivaganga District has no coastline. Hence Coastal Disaster Risk Reduction Project
is NIL in respect of Sivaganga District.

9.12 Dry Land Farming

Dry land farming refers to an improved system of cultivation wherby maximum

amount of water is conserved by soil at water management. It involves efficient system
of soil and crop management in the regions of low land and uneven distributed rainfall.

9.12.1 Importance of Dry Land Farming

Considering the present rate of development of irrigation facilities and also water
potentiality of the region, it is estimated that at any point of time 50% of cropped area in
Sivaganga will remain under rainfed farming system. Such vast areas as of now consume
hardly 25% of total fertilizer consumption. Due to poor level of management, crop
productivity is also very low resulting socio-economic backwardness of the people.

9.12.2 Characteristics of Dry land Agriculture

Dry land areas may be characterized by the following features:

 Uncertain, ill-distributed and limited amount of rainfall

 Occurrence of extensive climatic hazards like drought, flood etc.

 Undulating soil surface

 Occurrence of extensive and large holdings

 Practice of extensive agriculture i.e. prevalence of mono cropping etc.

 Relatively large size of fields

 Similarity in types of crops raised by almost all the farmers of particular region.

 Very Low crop yield

 Poor market facility for the produce

73
  Poor economy of the farmer and

 Poor health of cattle as well as farmers

Since Sivaganga District is less water potential area, dry land farming will help
the farmers in a big way if a detailed study is made and effective implementation is
ensured.

9.13.1 Livestock Farm

The Livestock Research and Development Farm to an extent of 1907.32 Acres, has
been functioning at Chettinadu in Sivaganga District, with the following objectives:

 Maintaining pure breed of Tharparkar

 To serve as a model and visual demonstration cum training centre for the farmers,
extension workers, students of veterinary sciences, school students and others
connected with animal husbandry activities.

 To probagate the fodder cultivation among the dairy farmers and to provide
quality fodder seedlings to the farming community.

 To provide quality cross-bread Heifer calves, Buks and Rams for breeding to the
farmers.

The District Livestock Farm, Chettinad has the total area of 1907.32 Acres, and
fodder crops such us Co4, Co5, CoF29, Stylo, Africal tall maize, Cowpea, Velimasal, and
agathi are being cultivated.

Under NADP 2016-17 Scheme PC23 Annual Fodder Sorghum was cultivated in
200 acres for certified seed production and so far 15 tons of seed have been produced.
Fodder cultivated in the Farm, is being fed to the farm animals and 56,00,000 Co4 Slips
were distributed to farmers under SDFS 2016-17, and 30,000 fodder seedlings were
produced and distributed to the farmers of Sivaganga District during 2016-17.

As far as certified seed production and distribution aspect is concerned, 3400 Kgs
of Cowpea EC 4216 certified seeds were produced and distributed to farmers.
Vermicompost production activity is also taken up successfully. During 2016-17 10 tons
of vermicompost had been produced and utilized for fodder cultivation in the District.

9.13.2 Propagation of Azolla:

Azolla is very rich in proteins, essential amino acids, vitamins and minerals .
carbohydrates and oil contents in Azolla is very low. Thus the bio-composition of Azolla
makes it one of the most economic and efficient feed substitutes.

More over Azolla can be easily propagate at low cost 10 to 15% of poultry feed is
replaced by supplementing fresh Azolla in diet, thus considerably reducing the feed cost
to the farmers.

74
 Establishment of Azolla unit is one of the component in Native chicken hearing to
beneficiaries like farmers as well as in “Small Scale Native Chicken Units” to the members
of PVP

Materials Required: Plastic Tray, Superphosphate and Azolla inoculums

Harvesting and Feeding:

1. Azolla unit of 40 sq.ft will be sufficient for 250 birds and 20 sq.ft is sufficient for
100 birds.
2. From 1 sq.ft of Azolla unit upto 40 gms of Azolla can be harvested daily.
3. Azolla is feed at 100 to 150 gm per kg of chicken feed.

9.13.3 Project cost & Government Subsidy

The total cost required to establish Azolla unit is Rs.5,300/- for 40 sq.ft and
Rs.2,200/- for 20 sq.ft. Among that 25% will be provided as State Government Subsidy to
the farmers for Propagation of Azolla.

Propagation of Azolla performed in 1200sq.ft at District Livestock Farm,

Chettinadu and about 30 by Azolla per day feed to the livestock like Cattle, Sheep and
Goat. Training also given to the farmers for better cultivation practices.

9.14 Hydroponic Fodder by Low cost Hydroponic device:

1. It is a soil less fodder production technology by which different types of seeds like
maize, horse gram, sawar etc., can be grown into hydrophonic fodder and feed to
livestock such as cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat and poultry.
2. It required only minimal land and labour.
3. The low cost model consist of 8 rows each with handling capacity of 4 trays.
4. About 8 kg of fodder can be produced from 1.65 kg of maize seed.
5. As seed also comes along with fodder and sprout mat the whole fodder along with
root and seed is utilized by the animals without wastage.

Procedure:

1. Select seeds with high germinating capacity and moisture less than 12%.
2. Place the seeds into tub and add water.
3. Wash the seed by string with stick and drain the water.
4. Add water and soak the seeds for 24 hrs.
5. Pack the soaked seed is to gunny bags.
6. Place these bags under shade (avoid keeping near/under dried sunlight)
7. Sprinkle water once in every 3 hours on the gunny bags.
8. Allow the seeds to sprout in the gunny bag itself for 1 day.
9. Transfer the sprouted seed from the gunny bags to the trays and spread them
evenly upto a height of ½ inch with in the tray.
10. Rack the trays into the lower section of the device i.e., into the day/row
75
 11. Sprinkles water for every 2 hours.
12. Shift the tray to the next row on every other day.
13. After completion of 8th day i.e., 8th row the fodder can be utilized for feeding
animals.
14. Usually the growth period is 8 days in which the fodder grows to a maximum
height of 25 to 35 cms.

Cultivation of hydroponic fodder performed at District Livestock Farm, Chettinad

and cultivate about 25 kg fodder every day and feed to the farm animals and also provide
awareness among the livestock owners by gives training to 100 farmers of integrated
farming under State Balance Growth Fund (SBGF) scheme. Also, about 400 farmers of
padamathur co-operative society is trained for the hydroponic fodder by the Veterinary
Assistant Surgeon of Veterinary Dispensary, Padamathur for hydroponic cultivation.
Training also given to the members of PVP by the Animal Husbandry Department officials
for hydroponic cultivation.

9.15 District Watershed Development Agency

New creation of Water Harvesting structures like farm pond, new village pond,
cattle pond, desilting of supply channels, deepening of oorani and deepening of kanmoi
are executed on watershed basis with the guidance of Tamil Nadu Watershed
Development Agency, Chennai.

The water source is newly created to the farmers by the formation of farmpond.
In this district, the farmers have no sufficient water for agricultural usage. At the time of
rainy season, heavy intensity of rainfall and run off occurs through the dry lands and
develop soil erosion and drained into river without any usage of farmers. This unusable
water from the catchment area of the watershed should be harvested by the construction
of new farm pond in the farmers land. The farm pond is constructed in the patta land of
the farmers from the selected watershed.

The work will be executed by the watershed committee with 10% of contribution
amount is collected from individual beneficiary before the execution of work. The
harvested water is utilized by the individual farmer for the supplementary irrigation
only. The drip irrigation is irrigated by the source of farm pond. Hence the optimum
level of production is harvested by the farmer. Hence the life status of the farmer is
elevated to higher level.

9.16 Climate Change Adaptation Scheme:

Climate change adaptation is a response to global warming and climate change,

that seeks to reduce the vulnerability of social and biological systems to relatively sudden
change and thus offset the effects of global warming. Even if emissions are stabilized
relatively soon, global warming and its effects will last many years, and adaptation will be

76
necessary to the resulting changes in climate. Adaptation is especially important in
developing countries since those countries are predicted to bear the brunt of the effects
of global warming. That is, the capacity and potential for humans to adapt (called
adaptive capacity) is unevenly distributed across different regions and populations and
developing countries generally have less capacity to adapt. Furthermore, the degree of
adaptation correlates to the situational focus on environmental issues. Therefore,
adaptation requires the situational assessment of sensitivity and vulnerability to
environmental impacts. Adaptive capacity is closely linked to social and economic
development. The economic costs of adaptation to climate change are likely to cost
billions of dollars annually for the next several decades though the amount of money
needed is unknown. The adaptation challenge grown with the magnitude and the rate of
climate change.

Another response to climate change, known mitigation is to reduce greenhouse

gas emissions and/or enhance the removal of these gases from the atmosphere. Even the
most effective reductions in emissions, however, would not prevent further climate
change impacts, making the need for adaptation unavoidable.

9.17 Effects of Global Warming:

The projected effects for the environment and for civilization are numerous and
varied. The main aspect is an increasing global average temperature. The average surface
temperature could increase by 3 to 10 degrees Faranheit by the end of the century if
carbon emissions are not reduced. This causes a variety of secondary effects, namely,
changes in patterns of precipitation, raising sea levels, altered patterns of agriculture,
increased extreme weather events, the expansion of the range of tropical diseases, and
the opening of new marine trade routes.

Potential effects include sea level rise of 110 to 770 mm between 1990 and 2100,
repercussions to agriculture, possible slowing of the thermohaline circulation, reductions
in the ozone layer, increased intensity and frequency of extreme weather events,
lowering of ocean pH, and the spread of tropical diseases such as malaria and dengue
fever.

Adaptation is handicapped by uncertainty over the effects of global warming on

specific locations such as Indian Monsoon.

9.18 Status of Poly Green

In the present Scenario of perpetual demand for better quality vegetable,

continuously shrinking land holdings, Protected Cultivation is the best choice for quality
produce and efficient use of land and other resources.

77
 Protected Cultivation means some level of control over plant microclimate
to alleviate one (or) more abiotic stresses for optimum plant growth which can be
achieved in Naturally Ventilated Poly houses. Crop yield can be several times higher
than those under open field conditions. Production could be possible all through the year
(or) part of the year as required. Quality of the produce is also superior and higher input
use efficiencies are achieved.

Scope :

In Sivagangai district due to small land holdings and problematic agro climates
there is a demand for cultivation of high value horticulture crops under poly house.

Establishment of Poly houses in Sivagangai District under various horticulture

schemes
PROTECTED CULTIVATION – POLY GREEN HOUSE (Naturally Ventilated)
NATIONAL HORTICULTURE MISSION
S. COMPONENT SUBSIDY/ TARGET ACHIEVEMENT No.of
NO UNIT PHY FIN PHY FIN Beneficiarie
s
1
GREEN HOUSE
TUBULAR
STRUCTURE 2014- Rs. 468/Sqm 3000 14.025 3000 12.66 1No.
15 (Fund received
during 2016-17)

2 GREEN HOUSE
TUBULAR
Rs. 468/Sqm 9000 42.075 9000 37.95 4Nos.
STRUCTURE
2015-16
3 GREEN HOUSE 3 Nos.
TUBULAR Subsidy
Rs. 468/Sqm 6000 28.050 6000 16.88
STRUCTURE released
2016-17 5000 Sqm.
TOTAL 18000 84.15 18000 67.49
NMSA – RAINFED AREA DEVELOPMENT
S. COMPONENT SUBSIDY/ TARGET ACHIEVEMENT No.of
NO UNIT PHY FIN PHY FIN Beneficiarie
s
1 GREEN HOUSE
TUBULAR
Rs. 468/Sqm 6000 28.050 6000 16.88 2 Nos.
STRUCTURE
2016-17
TOTAL 6000 28.050 6000 16.88
Grand Total 24000 112.20 24000 84.37 10 Nos

78
The products which are expected to come to market from this projects are:

1. Coloured capsicum
2. Cucumber
3. Bitter Gourd
4. Other exotic vegetables

All these products have established market all over India. The beneficiaries
initially plan to market these products in Gujarat, Mumbai and New Delhi. There will be a
proposal to export many of the products to Middle East markets and Singapore.

9.19 IAMWARM Scheme:

The Government of Tamil Nadu has proposed to Rehabilitation and

Modernization of Tanks and Supply channels in Lower Vaigai Sub Basin under TN IAMP
(IAMWARM-II) with financial assistance of World Bank. Under this project, it is
proposed to rehabilitate and modernize the following 6 tanks and 6 supply channels in
Manamadurai and Ilayangudi taluks of Sivaganga District for an amount of Rs.136.05
lakhs.

1. Athanur tank and supply channel in Manamadurai Block.

2. Manamadurai tank and supply channel in Manamadurai Block.
3. Nathaporakki tank and supply channel in Manamadurai Block.
4. V. Karisalkulam tank and supply channel in Manamadurai Block.
5. Vethiyarendal tank and supply channel in Manamadurai Block.
6. Pidarendal tank and supply channel in Ilayangudi Block.

In the estimate it is proposed to reconstruction / repair works to damaged tank

sluices, raising and strengthening tank bund and desilting of the supply channels.The
administrative sanction for the above work is awaited. The work will be taken up during
this financial year 2017-18. On completion of this work, the above six tanks and supply
channels will be standarised and the agriculture productivity will be increased in 367.71
Hectares of land.

79
 Chapter X

Financial Arrangements

10.1 Approach:

With the change of paradigm shift in DM from the relief –centric to proactive
approach of prevention, preparedness, mitigation, response, relief, rehabilitation and
reconstruction, the effort would be made to mainstream and integrate disaster risk
reduction and emergency response in the development process, plans and programmes
of the government at all levels. This would be done by involving all the stakeholders
including Government Organizations, research and academic institutions, private sector,
industries, Civil Society Organization and community. SDMA and DDMA will ensure
mainstreaming of disaster risk reduction in the development agenda of all existing and
new developmental programmes and projects which shall incorporate disaster resilient
specifications in design and construction. Due weightage will be given to these factors
while allocating resources.

As per the section (49) of the Disaster Management Act, 2005, every department
of the state government shall make provisions in their annual budget for carrying out the
activities and programmes set out in their disaster management plans. The planning
department will be advised to make necessary budget allocation for meeting the disaster
management requirements. Based on the requirements and the magnitude of the of the
disasters estimate loss, expenditure involved for rescue and relief operations and
rehabilitation programmes will be assessed and necessary budget allocation will be
received through SDMA.

80
 Chapter XI

11.1 MONITORING AND EVALUATION

The Hon’ble Ministers and Monitoring Officers while camping in this district are
reviewing the preparedness of disaster risk reduction with the District Collector, and
inter departmental officers.

11.2 LINKAGE WITH I.D.R.N

The India Disaster Resources Network web site is updated once in every three months.

11.3 Specific issues on various vulnerable groups

Sivaganga District, being less disaster prone area, being continuously monitored along
with the line department officials when situations are arising.

11.4 Schedule of Mock Drills

During 2016 October, mock drill was conducted with the participation of the
public. Disaster Reduction Day was also observed on 13.10.2016. Mock drill for 2017
will be conducted within one month’s time.

81
 Annexure-I

NAME AND DESIGNATION OF THE OFFICERS TO BE CONTACTED IN CASE OF

EMERGENCY, THEIR OFFICE AND RESIDENTIAL ADDRESS WITH PHONE AND
MOBILE NUMBERS (FROM COLLECTOR TO FIELD LEVEL OFFICERS)

Name and Designation Office Residence Cell No.

241455-
District Collector, 04575-241466 9444182000
241581
Sivaganga.
Fax.241455
District Revenue Officer,
04575-241293 241402 9445000925
Sivaganga
Personal Assistant to 241588
04575-241525 9445008149
Collector(General) (I/c) Fax.241525
PRO 04575-240370 9443749111
240391/ 240370
Sub Collector, Devakottai. 04561-272283 272289 9445000470
Revenue Divisional Officer,
04575-240243 242244 9445000471
Sivaganga
Tahsildar, Sivaganga 04575-240232 240294 9445000650
Tahsildar, Manamadurai 04574-258017 258021 9445000651
Tahsildar, Ilayangudi 04564-265232 265234 9945000652
Tahsildar, Thiruppathur 04577-266126 266158 9445000647

Tahsildar, Karaikudi 04565-238307 225338 9445000648

Tahsildar, Devakottai 04561-272254 272345 9445000649

Tahsildar, Thiruppuvanam 04574-265099 9486483987
Tahsildar, Kalayarkovil 04575-232129 --- 9486231284
Tahsildar, Singampunari 04577-242155 __ 7598512071
S.T.(SSS) Thiruppuvanam 04574-265099 9788029386
S.T.(SSS) Kalayarkovil -- 9486231284
S.T.(CS) Sivaganga 240232 -- 9445000347
TSO, Manamadurai 258017 -- 9445000348
9487076294
TSO, Thiruppuvanam --- ---
9487208259
TSO, kalayarkovil -- -- 9443640595

82
 9344543431
TSO, Ilayangudi 265232 -- 9445000349
9445000352
TSO, Thiruppathur 266126 --
8925160550
S.T.(CS)Karaikudi 238307 -- 9445000351
9445000350
TSO, Devakottai. 272254 --
9443644227
S.T.(SSS) Sivaganga 240232 -- 9524380511
S.T.(SSS) Manamadurai 258017 -- 8973626634
S.T.(SSS), Ilayangudi 265232 -- 9444263032
S.T.(SSS), Thiruppathur 266126 -- 7502546316
S.T.(SSS), Karaikudi 238307 9486073577
S.T.(SSS), Devakottai 272254 9842608600
04575-240391
SDC(SSS) Sivaganga to -- 9445461749
240395
04575-240391
SDC (SSI) Sivaganga to -- 9443204687
240395
04575-240391
DBCWO to -- 9445477845
240395, 245008
04575-240391
DADWO --

DSO 04575-241516 241399 9445000346

A.C.(Excise) 04575-240391 242355 9443555564
P.A (Legal) --- ---- 9843484702

S.T.(ADW)Sivaganga 04575-245386 -- 9443684543

S.T.(ADW) Devakottai 04561-273370 -- 9487611331

ST NH-1 Sivagangai --- ---- 8695555022

ST NH-2, Thiruppathur ---- ---- 9965275567

83
ST NH-1, Manamadurai ---- ---- 9962402939

ST NH-2, Manamadurai --- --- 9443799920

ST SIPCOT-1, Arasanoor ---- ---- 9842271095

ST SIPCOT-2, Arasanoor --- ---- 9487076294

Z.D.T.Sivaganga 04575-240232 ---- 9487920081

Z.D.T.Okkur 04575-240232 --- 9443474995

Z.D.T.Kalayarkoil 04575-232129 --- 9443640595

Z.D.T.Maravamangalam 04575-232129 ----- 9486568466

Z.D.T. Manamadurai 04574-258017 ---- 8098399090

04574-265099,
Z.D.T. Thirupuvanam ---- 9786659505
265094

Z.D.T. Ilayangudi 04564-265232 ---- 9976050998

Z.D.T.Karaikudi 04565-238307 ---- 9486672009

Z.D.T.Sakkottai 04565-238307 ----- 9488481299

Z.D.T.Devakottai 04561-272254 ----- 9443005008

Z.D.T.Tiruppattur 04577-266126 ------ 7868953073

Z.D.T.Singampunari 04577-266126 --- 9442757309

84
Z.D.T.Saligramam 04564-265232 ---- 8870289237

85
CONTACT NUMBERS OF THE OFFICERS OF THE ELECTRICITY BOARD, TWAD
BOARD, FIRE AND RESCUE SERVICES, POLICE DEPARTMENT

TNEB

9445853070
S.E.TNEB, Sivaganga 240666, 240606
9443341609

E.E.(TNEB) Sivaganga 240616 9445853111

A.E.(TNEB)(Town)Svg 240333 9445853076

A.E.E(TNEB)Sub-station 240286 9445853126

A.E.-(TNEB)Sub-station 240286 9445853137 9486074363

9445853136 9003735959
A.D (TNEB), Sivaganga 9445853061
240666
Development, &PRO

E.E(TNEB), Thiruppathur 04577 - 266034 9445853131

E.E(TNEB), Karaikudi 04565 - 256353 9445853090

E.E.Manamadurai(TNEB) 04574-258023 9445853080 9445853111

A.E. (TNEB)Ilayangudi 04564-265918 - 9445853103

TWAD

S.E.TWAD, Sivaganga 04575-240481, 9443013265

240482
9443613558

E.E.TWAD, Sivaganga 04575-240314 9445240583 9865912557

A.E.E.TWAD(RWSS)Svg 240314 9159667441

E.E.Cauvery water, 245072 9442205913 9865912557

Sivaganga
E.E TWAD(Storage), 04565-233003 9442111222
Karaikudi
A.E (Irrigation), Thiru-- 7373034016 9486554135,
ppuvanam

86
SIVAGANGA DISTRICT FIRE AND RESCUE SERVICE DETAILS

Divisional Fire Officer Sivaganga -- 9445086229

Asst.Dvl.Fire Officer, Sivaganga -- 9443452583

Divisional Fire Office -- 04575-240201, 9445086221

Sl. Station Address Station Number Cell No.

No.
1. Station Officer, Fire and Rescue 04575-240960 9445086243
Services 04575-240301 9488564466
Collectorate, Sivaganga
2. Station Officer 04574-258599 9445086235
Fire and Rescue Services
9965594101
Manamadurai
3. Station Officer 04577-266245 9445086244
Fire and Rescue Services 9865416957
Thiruppathur
4. Station Officer 04577-242225 9445086242
Fire and Rescue Services
Singampunari-IC 9445086244

5. Station Officer 04565-221101 9445086234

Fire and Rescue Services
9442092012
Karaikudi
6. Station Officer 04561-272200 9445086232
Fire and Rescue Services
9442111535i
Devakottai.

87
OTHER DEPARTMENTS

RURAL DEVELOPMENT

04575-242002, 240429 7373704227

Project Diector, DRDA
240388

Project Officer(M.T.) 04575-240962 -- 9445034189

Personal Assistant to 240401 7402608350

Collector (Pan.Dev.) 04575 – 240389

A.D.(Panchayat) 04575-240283 -- 7402608351

A.D.(Audit) 243199 7402608352

P.A.(Small Savings) 240391 to 95 7402608355

240591

P.A.(Noon Meal) 244533 9976505234

APO, Infra-1 ---- --- 7402608336

APO, Infra-2 --- ----- 7402608338

APO, WE ------- ------ 7402608339

APO, H&S ------- ------ 7402608337

AEE(R&B-1) ------ -------- 7402608383

AEE(R&B-2) ------ ---- 7402608342

Secretary, Dist. Panchayat 240952 7402608353

Dist.Panchayat Chairman 240952 -----

Huzur Saristadar(PD) 240391 7402608408

B.D.O. (Supt)DRDA --- --- 7402608384

E.E Roads 243839 --- 7373704587

BLOCK DEVELOPMENT OFFICERS

Land line Telephone BLOCK VILLAGE

Numbers PANCHAYAT PANCHAYAT

BDO, Sivaganga 240272, 246902 7402608368 7402608356

88
BDO, Kalaiyarkoil 232225 7402608357 7402608366

BDO, Manamadurai 04574-258016 7402608358 7402608370

BDO, Thiruppuvanam 04574-265224 7402608359 7402608371

BDO, Ilayangudi 04565-265236 7402608360 7402608372

BDO, Thiruppathur 04577-266139 7402608365 7402608377

BDO, Singampunari 04577-242128 7402608369 7402608378

BDO, S.Pudur 04577-244201 7402608367 7402608379

BDO, Kallal 04565-284221 7402608375 7402608363

04565-282239 7402608364 7402608376

BDO, Sakkottai
04565-282739

BDO, Devakottai 04561-272224 7402608361 7402608373

BDO, Kannankudi 04561-274228 7402608362

7402608374
MUNICIPALITY

Commissioner, Sivaganga 04575-241292 9994697123

241253
Commissioner, Karaikudi 04565-238133, 238134 9444217450
238201
Commissioner, Devakottai 04561-272282 7401086451

PWD

S.E. PWD/WRO, Sivaganga 240487 9443144688

E.E.PWD.Lower Vaigai Basin, 240304

Sivaganga

E.E.PWD.Saruganiyar, 240276 240280 9443917963

Sivaganga

E.E.PWD. Manimutharu 04561-272263 9442103535

Devakkottai

E.E.PWD, (Buildings) 240871, 230728 9487272515,

9488526934

SDO, Survey (Buildings) 9443147115

89
A.E.PWD, (Electricals) 240361 9487938787

E.E.PWD/WRO, Lower Vaigai 04564-231354 9884027488

Basin, Paramakudi

E.E.(PWD) Ex-zamin Tanks 230271 233277 9486905884

Karaikudi

E.E.Spl.Project Division, 243730

Sivaganga

E.E.Spl.Project Division 269677 9442654980

Manamadurai

MINES

A.D.Mines (I/C) 04575-244971 9003423074 9842474419

240391 to 95 7305902034

9443110300

D.D.Mines 240391 to 95 - 9842474419

FISHERIES 240848

FOREST 240438

AAVIN KARAIKUDI 7402710813

TRANSPORT DEPARTMENT

R.T.O. Inspector, Sivaganga 240339 9443469720

G.M.TNSTC, Karaikudi 04565-238055 9487898157

D.M.TNSTC, Sivagangai 240325 9487898090

B.M.TNSTC, Karaikudi 04565-240325 9487898110

A.E.Govt.Workshop 240175 9994794320

R.T.O.Karaikudi 04565-227879 9444360155

EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

C.E.O. Sivaganga 240408 7373002891

CEOS.S.A. Sivaganga (i/c) 243298 9788858968

D.E.O. Sivaganga 241855 7373002893

90
D.E.E.O.Sivaganga 240460 9750982786

D.E.O.Devakottai 04561-272892 7373002896

HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT

D.E.(highways) 04575-240240 9443571200

9443341824

A.D(Highways) - 9787702116 9790126446

Tiruppathur
A.D.(Highways) - 9443019958
Devakottai
9787702116

A.D.(Highways) 04575-240240 9443013563

Sivaganga
A.D.(Highways) Karaikudi 04565-232420 9443380684

9787702116

A.D.(Highways) 04574-269085 7708351276

Manamadurai
9842374130

HEALTH DEPARTMENT

J.D.(Health)Sivaganga 240403 9444982678

D.D.(Health)Sivaganga 240524 7339493001

D.D.(T.B)Sivaganga 242434 9443567787

D.D (MEDICAL), Sivaganga 243781 9840118361

Family welfare, Sivaganga 240549 9443501974

JD, Superintendent 240403 9842123040

(Medical)
AGRICULTURE

J.D.(Agri)Sivaganga 240409 9442090537

P.A.(Agri)Sivaganga 240395 Ext.260 9486507949

E.E.(Agri)Sivaganga 240213 9443046696

D.D.(Horticulture) 246161, 240009 9443495389

Sivaganga
91
 A.D.(Horticulture) 242065 9443017979
Sivaganga
A.D.(Statistic) Sivaganga 244018 9445458141

A.D.(Statistic) Devakottai 9445488142

DD.(Statistic) SIvagangai 9445548084

ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
J.D. and Regional Director, 240415 243323 9445001128
Animal Husbundary
Sivaganga
Dy.Director (AH) 240415 9445032523

TOWN PANCHAYAT
Assistant Director(T.P.) 243046 8883100139
Sivaganga
Kottaiyur 04565-276076 8883100536

Puduvayal 04565-282727 8883100541

Kandanur 04565-282044 8883100535

Pallathur 04565-283683 8883100540

Thiruppathur 04577-266295 8883100544

Singampunari 04577-242939 8883100542

Nerkuppai 04577-245411 8883100539

Manamadurai 04574-268237 8883100537

Thiruppuvanam 04574-265391 8883100543

Ilayangudi 04564-265246 8883100533

Nattarasankottai 04575-234300 8883100538

Kanadukathan 04565-283583 8883100534

CONTACT NUMBER OF RELIEF COMMISSIONER OFFICER, CHENNAI AND

GOVERNMENT REVENUE DEPARTMENT @ SECRETARIAT

Designation Phone Numbers

The Secretary, 044 – 25671556
Revenue Department

92
 Secretariat, Chennai – 9.
The Principal Commissioner and 044 – 28523299
Commissioner of Revenue Administration
Chepauk, Chennai – 5.
The Joint Commissioner (NC) 044- 28544249
Revenue Administration and Disaster
Management and Mitigation Department,
Chepauk, Chennai – 5.

LIST OF TELEPHONE NUMBERS.

S.No Designation Phone Number E-mail Address

(Office/Res)

OFF- 04575 - 241466

[email protected]
DISTRICT COLLECTOR
1.
RES- 04575 - 241455

2. DRO. SIVAGANGA 04575 - 240419 [email protected]

3. PA (G ) COLLECTOR 04575-241525 [email protected]

4. PÁ TO COLLECOR (P.D) 04575-240389 [email protected]

5. RDO, SIVAGANGA 04575-240243, 242244 [email protected]

6. RDO, DEVAKOTTAI 04561-272283, 272289 [email protected]

7. JDHS, SIVAGANGA 04575- 240403 [email protected]

[email protected],
8. DDHS, SIVAGANGA 04575-240524
[email protected]

9. TAHSILDAR, SIVAGANGA 04575-240232 [email protected]

10. TAHSILDAR, ILAYANGUDI 04564-265232 [email protected]

93
11. TAHSILDAR, KARAIKUDI 04565-238307 [email protected]

TAHSILDAR, 04574-258017 [email protected]

12.
MANAMADURAI

13. TAHSILDAR, DEVAKOTTAI 04561-277254 [email protected]

TAHSILDAR, 04577-266216 [email protected]

14.
THIRUPATTHUR

MUNICIPALITY,
15. 04571- 241253 [email protected]
SIVAGANGA

MUNICIPALITY,
16. 04565-238201, 222201 [email protected]
KARAIKUDI

MUNICIPALITY,
17. 04561- 272282 [email protected]
DEVAKOTTAI

18. BDO - SIVAGANGA 04575-240272 [email protected]

19. BDO - THIRUPPUVANAM 04564-265224 [email protected]

20 BDO - MANAMADURAI 04574-250016 [email protected]

20. BDO - ILAYANGUDI 04564-265236 [email protected]

21. BDO - KALAYARKOVIL 04575-232225 [email protected]

22. BDO - SINGAMPUNARI 04577-242128 [email protected]

23. BDO - THIRUPPATHUR 04577-266139 [email protected]

24. BDO - KALLAL 04565-284221 [email protected]

25. BDO - SAKKOTTAI 04565-282239 [email protected]

26. BDO - KANNANKUDI 04561-274228 [email protected]

94
27. BDO - S. PUDHUR 04577-244201 [email protected]

28. BDO - DEVAKOTTAI 04561-272224 [email protected]

TELEPHONE NUMBERS & E-MAIL ID OF THE PRIMARY HEALTH CENTER

SINGAMPUNERI BLOCK

1 Piranmalai 04577 246106 [email protected]

2 Mallakottai 04577 295339 [email protected]

3 M.Soorakudi 04577 293302 [email protected]

4 Eriyur 04577 260038 -

S.PUDUR BLOCK

5 V.Pudur 04577 244464 [email protected]

6 Pulithipatti 04577 294328 [email protected]

THIRUPPATHUR BLOCK

7 Nerkuppai 04577 245182 [email protected]

8 Keelasevalpatti 04577 295327 [email protected]

9 Thirukostiyur 04577 295288 [email protected]

10 Sevenipatti 04577 295326 [email protected]

KALLAL BLOCK

11 Sembanur 04565 284408 [email protected]

12 Kandramanickam 04577 295365 [email protected]

13 Maruthangudi 04577 295339 [email protected]

14 Kundrakudi 04577 295325 [email protected]

95
15 S.R. Pattinam 04565 285303 ---

16 Panankudi 04575 292424 ---

SAKOTTAI BLOCK

17 Puduvayal 04565 282180 [email protected]

18 Peerkalaikadu 04565 291160 [email protected]

19 Kottaiyur 04565 283797 [email protected]

20 O.Siruvayal 04565 210455 [email protected]

KANNANGUDI BLOCK

21 Kannankudi 04561 274216 [email protected]

DEVAKOTTI BLOCK

22 Thiruvegampet 04561 267400 [email protected]

23 Velayuthapattinam 04561 291627 [email protected]

24 Shanmuganathapuram 04561 295850 [email protected]

25 Kulamangalam 04561 202633 [email protected]

26 Monni karmangudi 04561 295851 [email protected]

MANAMADURAI BLOCK

27 Muthanendal 04574 267220 [email protected]

28 Periyakottai 04574 201593 [email protected]

29 Thanjakkore 04574 205445 [email protected]

30 Kombukkaranendal 04574 291348 [email protected]

KALAYARKOIL BLOCK

31 Kalayarkovil 04575 232620 [email protected]

32 Maravamangalam 04575 235270 [email protected]

33 Satharasankottai 04575 238300 [email protected]

34 Nattarasankottai 04575 234400 [email protected]

35 Kalayarmangalam 04575 293068 [email protected]

96
36 Paganeri 04575 292590 [email protected]

THIRUPPUVANAM BLOCK

37 Poovanthi 04574 265591 [email protected]

38 Palayanur 04574 205455 [email protected]

39 Thiruppuvanam 04574 265690 [email protected]

[email protected]
will ph
40 Konthagai 2465059
0452

SIVAGANGA BLOCK

41 Keelapoongudi 04575 233124 [email protected]

42 Idayamelur 04575 293070 [email protected]

43 Arasanur 04575 201592 [email protected]

44 Thamarakki 04575 293069 [email protected]

ILAYANGUDI BLOCK

45 Salaigramam 04564 263365 [email protected]

46 Thayamangalam 04564 291546 [email protected]

47 Sooranam 04564 291547 [email protected]

48 Munaiventri 04564 261332 ---

Police contact numbers

Sl.NO Rank Name of the Officers Office Phone No. Cell No.

1) IGP, South Zone Dr.S.Murugan I.P.S, 0452-252296 9444049224

2) DIG, Madurai Range Tr.Anandkumar somani, 2531317 (O) 8122505500

IPS, (SAO)

2539539 (R) (F)

3) DIG, Ramnad Range Tr.Kapilkumar C.Saratkar, 04567-230780 9498149498

IPS
9650297865

3) SP, Sivaganga Tr.T.Jeyachandran, IPS. 04575-241386 9443477225

97
 04575-240307 9498111119

4) SP, Ramnad Tr.T.Manivannan, MA 04567-231380 9003582233

9498111133

4) ADSP, PEW ---- 04575-241587 ----

5) ADSP, Headquarters Tr.RA.Thanihaivelu 04575-240436 9498103040

6) DSP, Sivagangai Tr.T.Mangaleswaran 04575-240242 8300001515

7) DSP, karaikudi Tr.G.Karthickeyan 04565-238044 9498191222

9443615541

8) DSP, Thiruppathur Tr.A.Murugan 04577-266213 9498105547

9) DSP, Devakottai Tr.G.Baskaran 04561-273574 9443356633

10) DSP, Manamadurai Tr.R.Sankar 04574-269886 9498179890

11) DSP, DCRB Tr.Murugesan 04575-240436 9498169600

12) DSP, DCB Tr.Tr.Pandiselvan 04575-240445 9498185479

13) DSP, ALGSC Tr.C.Ravichandran 04575-243737 9488294611

14) DSP, A.R ---- 04575-240217 ----

15) S.B. Inspector Tr.P.T.Subash 04575-240307 8300015948

240427 9443289259

16) SB Inspector Ramnad Tr.Bala 04567-232110 9498104840

murugan

17) IGP., South Zone Tr.PM.Rameshprabu 0452-2522596 9498188199

Inspector

18) SB CID. Inspr Tr.A.Raja 04575-241430 8300002059

Sivaganga 9442104355

19) “Q” Branch Inspr Tr.Chandrakumar 04575-240517 8300001509

Sivaganga 9444400168

20) DIG Camp Supdt. Tr.Seenivasan 04567-230780 9443288545

Sivaganga District Inspectors Phone Numbers

Sl.No Name of the Police Name of the Officers Police Station Cell NO
Station Phone NO
SIVAGANGAI SUB DIVISION
1) Sivagangai Town Tr.Mohan 04575-240228 8300010999

98
2) Sivagangai Town Tr.Seenivasan 04575-240228 9443421857
Crime

3) Sivagangai Taluk Vacant 04575-240428 --

4) Kalaiyarkoil Tr.Kalyankumar 04575-230222 8300039916

5) Ilayankudi Tr.Balaji 04564-265265 9498184818

6) Salaigramam Tr.Kannadasan 04564-263231 8300016736

7) AWPS Sivaganga Tmt.M.Mareewari 04575-240185 9498189807

8) Control Room Tr.Mariyappan 04575-240920 9677530123

Sivagangai

9) Traffic Sivaganga Tr.Selvam -- 9498139384

KARAIKUDI SUB DIVISION

10 Karaikudi South Vacant 04565-234616 --

11 Karaikudi South Vacant 04565-234616 --

Crime

12 Karaikudi North Vacant 04565-238448 --

13 Karaikudi North Vacant 04565-238448 --

Crime

14 Karaikudi Town Tmt.Devaki 04565-232788 8300000351

Crime

15 Pallathur Tmt.Nagalakshmi 04565-283252 8300012358

16 Sakkottai -- 04565-282278 8300018088

17 Kundrakudi Tr.Ravindran 04577-264400 8300020695

18 AWPS Karaikudi Tmt.Subbulakshmi 04565-232241 8300011478

19 Karaikudi Traffic Tr.Rathinam 04565-236949 8300002223

THIRUPPATHUR SUB DIVISION

20 Tiruppathur TN Tr.Rajasekar 04577-266121 9442499394

21 Thirukostiyur Tr.Saravana Ravi 04577-265231 8300013076

22 Nerkuppai Tr.Murugadasan 04577-245133 8300011888

23 S.V.Mangalam Tr.Ravichandran 04577-242144 8300000533

24 Singampunari Tr.Pon.Ragu 04577-242110 8300036103

25 S.S.Kottai Tr.Ramesh 04577-247167 9498190445

26 Ulagampatti Tr.Krishnamurthi 04577-244398 9498189101

99
27 AWPS/TPR Tmt.Saratha 04577-266600 8300057274

28 Traffic Singampunari Vacant -- --

DEVAKOTTAI SUB DIVISION

29 Devakottai Town Vacant 04561-272275 --

30 Devakottai Taluk Tr.Kumaran 04561-272215 8300004800

31 Devakottai Crime Tr.Kazhangiyam 04561-272215 9498139670

32 Kallal Tr.Sathuramesh 04565-284236 8300020995

33 AWPS, Devakottai Tmt.Priyamalini 04561-262487 7598037931

34 Traffic, Devakottai Tr.Giristobar Thambiraj -- 9444259398

MANAMADURAI SUB DIVISION

35 Manamadurai Tr.Md.Barakathullah 04574-268535 8300002300

36 Manamadurai crime Tr.Raja Singh 04574-268535 8300012444

37 Tiruppachetty Vacant 04574-266230 --

38 Thiruppuvanam Tr.Pitchaipandian 04574-265227 9442160886

39 Poovanthi Tr.Muthukumar 04574-205243 9498179756

40 AWPS Manamadurai Tmt.Amirdham 04575-268987 9498183093

41 Traffic Manamadurai Tr.R.Raj -- 9498140860

UNITS
42 Special Branch Tr.P.T.Subash 04575-240307 9443289259

43 DCB Tr.Sundaramanickam 04575-240445 8300063438

44 PEW, Sivaganga Tr.Gnanaraj 04575-240382 9498188453

45 DCRB Tr.Mookan 04575-240436 9498188883

46 ALGSC Tmt.Vijaya 04575-243737 9498103944

47 RI AR., Company Tr.Arumugam 04575-240217 8300000708

48 RI., AR, MT Tr.Malaichamy 04575-240217 8300001581

49 SJ & HR Tr.K.Manigandan 04575-240559 9498184499

50 Control Room(VR) Tmt.Malavizhi -- 8300019194

51 Control Room(VR) Tmt.Kavitha -- 9498182189

100
 Annexure –II

Floods

What to do before a flood

To prepare for a flood, you should;

Avoid building in flood prone areas unless you elevate and reinforce your home.

Elevate the furnace, water heater, and electric panel if susceptible to flooding

Install “check valves” in sewer traps to prevent floodwater from backing up into the
drains of your home.

Contact community officials to find out if they are planning to construct barriers
(levels, beams and floodwalls) to stop floodwater from entering the homes in your
area

Seal the walls in your basement with waterproofing compounds to avoid seepage

If a flood is likely to hit your area, you should:

Listen to the radio or television for information

Be aware that flash flooding can occur. If there is any possibility of a flash
flood, move immediately to higher ground. Do not wait for instructions to
move.

Be aware of streams, drainage channels, canyons, and other areas known to
flood suddenly. Flash floods can occur in these areas with or without such
typical warnings as rain clouds or heavy rain.
If you must prepare to evacuate, you should:

Secure your home, If you have time, bring in outdoor furniture, move essential
items to an upper floor.

101

Turn off utilities at the main switches or valves if instructed to do so.
Disconnect electrical appliances. Do not touch electrical equipment if you are
wet or standing in water.

If you have to leave your home, remember these evacuation tips:

Do not walk through moving water. Six inches of moving water can make you fall.
If you have to walk in water, walk where the water is not moving. Use a stick to
check the firmness of the ground in front of you.

Do not drive into flooded areas. If floodwaters rise around your car, abandon the
car and move to higher ground if you can do so safely. You and the vehicle can be
quickly swept away.

HEAT WAVES:

Heat Wave conditions can result in physiological strain, which could even result in death.

To minimize the impact during the heat wave and to prevent serious ailment or death
because of heat stroke, you can take following measures:

Extreme positive departures from the normal maximum temperature result in a heat
wave during the summer season. The rising maximum temperature during the pre –
monsoon months continues till June and in very rare cases till July. Heat waves, apart from
causing potential fatal condition among people may also cause death of birds, poultry and
cattles.

Early Warning and Indicators of heat wave:

In response to the devastating mortality and morbidity of recent heat-wave

events, many countries have introduced heat – wave early warning systems. Heat- wave
early warning are designed to reduce the avoidable human health consequences from
heat – waves through timely notification of prevention measures to vulnerable
populations. India Meteorological Department has developed criteria for Heat waves
based on temperature at stations and is issuing weather warning forecasting on the level
of Heat waves likely to prevail in the regions for 5 days at a time. The Regional
Meteorological Centre (RMC) in Chennai has been publishing weather projections for
TamilNadu on its website, keeping people informed with regular updates of projections
of average temperatures for a week ahead for every district in the state. Such information
can provide timely warning to the public to take adequate precautions to prevent being
affected by the heat wave and thus mitigate the disaster.

During Disaster:

Healthcare professionals will need to advise on heat –related illnesses to

reduce mortality and morbidity.

Public need to be made aware on how to be protected against extreme heat

wave conditions.

102

Do’s and Don’ts on heat – related illnesses must be widely publicized in
press, television and social media.

Education institutions may need to rework the timings to lessen exposure to

the heat wave.

Local school and colleges will need to equip teachers with knowledge on
heat protection tips.

Awareness needs to be built constantly – LED Screen in public places can

display temperatures and rolling forecasts.

Stockpiling of ORS is necessary in primary Health Care centers.

Making good drinking water available to the public in Bus stands and other
public places is necessary. Public minded citizens, Clubs, Associations,
Educational Institutions, religious places and the like may be encouraged to
provide simple shelters in public places that will have drinking water.

Do’s & Dont’s:

Avoid going out in the sun, especially between 12.00 noon and 3.00 p.m.

Drink sufficient water and as often as possible, even if not thirsty

Wear lightweight, light-colored, loose, and porous cotton clothes. Use
protective goggles, umbrella/hat, shoes or chappals while going out in sun.

Avoid strenuous activities when the outside temperature is high. Avoid
working outside between 12 noon and 3 p.m.

\While traveling, carry water with you.

Avoid alcohol, tea, coffee and carbonated soft drinks, which dehydrates the
body.

Avoid high-protein food and do not eat stale food.

If you work outside, use a hat or an umbrella and also use damp cloth on your
head, neck, face and limbs

Do not leave children or pets in parked vehicles

If you feel faint or ill, see a doctor immediately.

Use ORS, homemade drinks like lassi, torani (rice water), lemon water,
buttermilk, etc.

Keep animals in shade and give them plenty of water to drink.

Keep your home cool, use curtains, shutters or sunshade and open windows at
night.

Use fans, damp clothing and take bath in cold water frequently.

Tips For Treatment of a Person Affected by a Sunstroke:

Lay the person in a cool place, under a shade. Wipe her/him with a wet
cloth/wash the body frequently. Pour normal temperature water on the head. The
main thing is to bring down the body temperature.

103

Give the person ORS to drink or lemon sarbat/torani or whatever is useful to
rehydrate the body.

Take the person immediately to the nearest health centre. The patient needs
immediate hospitalization, as heat strokes could be fatal.

Acclimatization:

People at risk are those who have come from a cooler climate to a hot climate. You
may have such a person(s) visiting your family during the heat wave season. They should
not move about in open field for a period of one week till the body is acclimatized to heat
and should drink plenty of water. Acclimatization is achieved by gradual exposure to the
hot environment during heat wave.

EARTHQUAKE:

DO’s & Don’ts:

What to do Before an Earthquake:

Repair deep plaster cracks in ceilings and foundations. Get expert advice if there
are signs of structural defects.

Anchor overhead lighting fixtures to the ceiling.

Follow BIS codes relevant to your area for building standards

Fasten shelves security to walls.

Place large or heavy objects on lower shelves.

Store breakable items such as bottled foods, glass, and china in law, closed
cabinets with latches.

Hang heavy items such as bottled and mirrors away from beds, settees, and
anywhere that people sit.

Brace overhead light and fan fixtures.

Repair defective electrical wiring and leaky gas connections. These are potential
fire risks.

Secure water heaters, LPG cylinders etc., by strapping them to the walls or bolting
to the floor.

Store water heaters, LPG cylinders etc., by strapping them to the walls or bolting
to the floor.

Identify safe places indoors and outdoors like,

Under strong dinning table, bed

104

Against an inside wall

Away from where glass could shatter around windows, mirrors, pictures, or where
heavy bookcases or other heavy furniture could fall over

In the open, away from buildings, trees, telephone and electrical lines, flyovers and
bridges

Know emergency telephone numbers (such as those of doctors, hospitals, the

police, etc)

Educate yourself and family members

Have a disaster emergency kit ready:

Battery operated torch with extra batteries

Battery operated radio

First aid kit and manual

Emergency food (dry items) and water (packed and sealed)

Candles and matches in a waterproof container

Knife

Chlorine tablets or powdered water purifiers

Can opener

Essential medicines

Cash and credit cards

Thick ropes and cords

Sturdy shoes

Develop an emergency communication plan:

In case family members are separated from one another during an earthquake (a
real possibility during the day when adults are at work and children are at school),
develop a plan for reuniting after the disaster.

Ask an out-of-state relative or friend to serve as the ‘family contact’ after the
disaster; it is often easier to call long distance. Make sure everyone in the family
knows the name, address, and phone number of the contact person.

Help your community get ready:

105

Publish a special section in your local newspaper with emergency information on
earthquake. Localize the information by printing the phone numbers of local
emergency services officers and hospitals

Conduct week-long series on locating hazards in the home.

Work with local emergency services and officials to prepare special reports for
people with mobility impairment on what to do during an earthquake.

Provide tips on conducting earthquake drills in the home.

Interview representatives of the gas, electric, and water companies about shutting
off utilities.

Work together in your community to apply your knowledge to building codes,

retrofitting programmes, hazard hunts, and neighborhood and family emergency
plans.

What to do During an Earthquake:

Stay as safe as possible during an earthquake. Be aware that some earthquakes are
actually foreshocks and a larger earthquake might occur. Minimize your movements to a
few steps that reach a nearby safe place and stay indoors until the shaking has stopped
and you are sure exiting is safe.

If Indoors:

DROP to the ground; the COVER by getting under a sturdy table or other piece of
furniture; and HOLD ON until the shaking stops. If there is no table or desk near
you, cover your face and head with your arms and crouch in an inside corner of
the building.

Protect yourself by staying under the lintel of an inner door, in the corner of a
room, under a table or even under a bed.

Stay away from glass, windows, outside doors and walls, and anything that could
fall, (such as lighting fixtures or furniture).

Stay in bed if you are there when the earthquake strikes. Hold on and protect your
head with a pillow, unless you are under a heavy light fixture that could fall. In that
case, move to the nearest safe place.

Use a doorway for shelter only if it is close proximity to you and if you know it is a
strongly supported, load bearing doorway.

Stay inside until the shaking stops and it is safe to go outside, research has shown
that most injuries occur when people inside buildings attempt to move to a
different location inside the building or try to leave

Be aware that the electricity may go out or the sprinkler systems or fire alarms
may turn on.
106
If Outdoors:

Do not move from where you are. However, move away from buildings, trees,
streetlights, and utility wires.

If you are in open space, stay there until the shaking stops. The greatest danger
exists directly outside buildings; at exists; and alongside exterior walls, flying
glass, and falling objects.

If in a moving vehicle:

Stop as quickly as safety permits and stay in the vehicle. Avoid stopping near or
under buildings, trees, overpasses, and utility wires.

Proceed cautiously once the earthquake has stopped. Avoid roads, bridges, or
ramps that might have been damaged by the earthquake.

If trapped under debris

Do not light a match.

Do not move about or kick up dust.

Cover your mouth with a handkerchief or clothing.

Tap on a pipe or wall so rescuers can locate you. Use a whistle if one is available.
Shout only as a last resort. Shouting can cause you to inhale dangerous amounts of
dust.

107
 Annexure III

Enclosure G.O.Ms.No.380.Revenue Department Dated: 27.10.2015

REVISED LIST OF ITEMS AND NORMS OF ASSISTANCE FROM STATE DISASTER
RESPONSE FUND (SDRF) AND NATIONAL DISASTER RESPONSE FUND (NDRF)

Sl.No Items Norms of Assistance

1 2 3

1 GRATUTIOUS RELIEF

a)Ex-gratia payment to families Rs 4.00 lakh per deceased person including

of deceased persons those involved in relief operations or
associated in preparedness activities, subject
to certification regarding cause of death from
appropriate.

b) Ex-gratia payment for loss of (i) Rs.59, 100/- per person, when disability is
a limb or eye(s) between 40% and 60%

(ii) Rs.2.00 lakh per person when the

disability is more than 60%.

Subject to certification by a doctor from a

hospital or dispensary of Government,
regarding extent and cause of disability.

C) Grievous injury requiring (i) Rs.12, 700/- per person requiring

hospitalization hospitalization more than a week

(ii) Rs.4, 300/- per person requiring

hospitalization for less than a week

108
 d)Clothing and utensils/ Rs.1800/- per family for loss of clothing
household goods for families
Rs.2000/- per family for loss of
whose houses have been
utensils/household good.
washed away/fully
damaged/severely inundated
for more than two days due to a
Natural Calamity

e)Gratuitous Relief for families Rs.60/- per adult and Rs.45/- per child, not
whose livelihood is seriously housed in relief camps. The Tahsildar shall
affected. verify and prepare a list of those affected and
identify the beneficiaries.

Period of providing gratuitous relief will be as

per assessment of State Executive Committee
and the Central Team (in case of NDRF). The
default period of assistance will be upto 30
days, which may be extended upto 60 days in
the first instance, if required, and subsequently
upto 90 days in case of drought/ pest attack.
Depending on the ground situation, the State
Executive Committee can extended the time
period beyond the prescribed limit subject to
the stipulation that expenditure on this
account should not exceed 25% of SDRF
allocation for the year.

2 SEARCH AND RESCUE As per actual cost incurred, assessed by State

OPERATIONS. Executive Committee and recommended by the
Central Team (in case of NDRF)
a)Cost of search and rescue
measures / evacuation of By the time if the search and rescue operations
people affected / likely to be ate over before the visit of the Central Team,
affected then the State Executive Committee will
assess/recommend actual /near actual cost.

b) Hiring of boats/essential As per actual cost incurred, assessed by State

equipments for carrying Executive Committee and recommended by the
immediate relief and saving Central Team(in case of NDRF)
lives.

3 RELIEF MEASURES A package of 10 KG rice, one saree and one

dhoti, one litre of kerosene and Rs.1000/- to
a)Provision for temporary
the families evacuated from their houses and
accommodation, food, clothing,
moved to shelters.
medical care, etc., for people
affected/ evacuated and As per assessment of need by State Executive

109
 sheltered in relief camps. Committee and recommendation of the Central
Team(in case of NDRF) for a period up to 30
days. The State Executive Committee would
need to specify the number of camps, their
duration and the number of persons in camps.
In case of continuation of a calamity like
drought or widespread devastation caused by
earthquake or flood etc., this period may be
extended to 60 days, and upto 90 days in cases
of severe drought. Depending on the ground
situation, the State Executive Committee can
extend the time period beyond the prescribed
limit subject to the stipulation that expenditure
on this account should not exceed 25% of SDRF
allocation for the year. Medical care may be
provided from National Rural Health Mission
(NRHM).

B) Air dropping of essential As per actual, based on assessment of need by

supplies. State Executive Committee and
recommendation of the Central Team(in case
of NDRF)

The quantum of assistance will be limited to

actual amount raised in the bills by the
Ministry of Defence for airdropping of
essentials supplies and rescue operations only.

c) Provision of emergency As per actual cost, based on assessment of need

supply of drinking water in by Executive Committee and recommended by
rural areas and urban areas the Central Team( in case of NDRF) up to 30
days and may be extended upto 90 days in case
of drought. Depending on the ground situation,
the State Executive Committee can extend the
time period beyond the prescribed limit
subject to the stipulation that expenditure on
this account should not exceed 25% of SDRF
allocation for the year.

4 CLEARANCE OF AFFECTED As per cost, within 30 days from the date of

AREAS start of the work, based on assessment of need
by State Executive Committee for the
a) Clearance of debris in public
assistance to be provided under SDRF and as
areas. per assessment of the Central team for
assistance to be provided under NDRF.

110
 b) Draining off flood water in As per actual cost, within 30 days from the date
affected areas of start of the work, based on assessment of
need by State Executive Committee for the
assistance to be provided under SDRF and as
per assessment of the Central team(in Case of
NDRF)

c) Disposal of dead/ bodies As per actual based on assessment of need by

carcases State Executive Committee and
recommendation of the Central Team(in case
of NDRF.

5. AGRICULTURE

Assistance to farmers

A a) Assistance for land and other

loss

b) Desilting of agricultural
land(where thickness of sand /
silt deposit is more than 3” to
be certified by the competent
authority of the State
Government) Rs.12, 200/- per hectare.

c) Removal of debris on (Subject to the condition that no other

agricultural land in hilly areas. assistance /subsidy has been availed of by /is
eligible to the beneficiary under any other
d) De-silting/ Restoration / Government Scheme)
repairs of fish farms.

e) Loss of substantial portion of Rs.37, 500/-per hectare

land caused by landslide,
whose ownership of the land is legitimate as
avalanche change of course of
per the revenue records.
rivers.

B Input subsidy (where crop loss Rs.7410/- per hectare for crops other than
is 33% and above) paddy in rainfed areas and restricted to sown
areas.
a) For agriculture crops,
horticulture crops and annual Rs.13, 500/- per hectare for crops in assured
plantation crops irrigated areas, subject ot minimum assistance
not less than Rs.1000 and restricted to sown
areas.

111
 b) Perennial crops Rs.18, 000/- per hectare for all types of
perennial crops subject to minimum assistance
not less than Rs.2000/- and restricted to sown
areas.

c) Sericulture Rs.7, 410/- per hectare for Eri, Malberry,

Tussar.

Rs.6, 000/- per hectare for Muga.

d) Paddy Rs.13, 500/- per hectare subject to minimum

assistance not less than Rs.1000 and restricted
to sown areas.

6 ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Milch animals:-

i) Replacement of milch Rs.30, 000/-Buffalo/Cow/Yak/Mithun etc.,

animals, draught animals or
Rs.3, 000/- Sheep/Goat/Pig
animals used for haulage.
Draught Animals:-

Rs.25, 000/-Camel/Horse/Bullock etc.

Rs. 16, 000/- Calf/Donkey/Pony/Mule.

Poultry:-

Poultry @ Rs.100/- per bird.

Note: Relief under these norms is not eligible if

the assistance is available from any other
Government Scheme, e.g. loss of birds due to
Avaian Influenza or any other diseases for
which the Department of Animal Husbandry
has a separate scheme for compensating the
poultry owners.

ii) Provision of fodder/ feed Large animals-Rs.70/- per day

concentrates including water
Small animals-Rs.35/-per day
supply and medicines in cattle
camps. Period for providing relief will be as per
assessment of the State Executive Committee
(SEC) and the Central Team (in case of NDRF).
The default period for assistance will be upto
30 which may be extended upto 60 days in the
first instance and case of severe drought upto
90 days. Depending on the ground situation the
112
 State Executive Committee can extend the time
period beyond the prescribed limit, subject ot
te stipulation that expenditure on this account
should not exceed 25% of SDRF allocation for
the year.

iii) Transport of fodder to cattle As per actual cost of transport, based on

outside cattle camps assessment of need by State Executive
Committee and recommendation of the Central
Team (in case of NDRF) consistent with
estimates of cattle as per Livestock Census.

7 FISHERY

i)Assistance to Fishermen for i) Replacement of fully damaged/ lost wooden

repair/replacement of boats, catamaran with a wooden catamaran, a full
nets-damaged or lost subsidy will be of Rs.32, 000/- (inclusive of
net)
-Boat
ii) For repair/ rebuilding of partially damaged
-Dugout-canoe
catamaran Rs.10, 000/-unit.
-Catamaran
iii) For replacement of fully damaged/lost
-Net wooden/FRP vallam, the percentage of susidy
assistance will be enhanced from 35% to 50%
(This assistance will of the total cost subject to maximum subsidy of
not be provided if Rs.75, 000/- calculated at a unit cost of Rs.1.5
the beneficiary is lakhs(inclusive of engine and net)
eligible or has
availed of any i) For partially damaged FRP Vallam at the rate
subsidy/assistance, of Rs.20, 000/- per unit.
for the instant
ii) For replacement of fully damaged
calamity, under any
mechanized fishing boats, the subsidy to be
other Government
paid will be 35% of total cost, restricted to a
Scheme)
maximum subsidy of Rs.5 lakhs per boat.

iii) For repairs of partially damaged

mechanized fishing boats, the subsidy will be
provided at 60% of the assessed value of the
damages restricted to a maximum subsidy of
Rs.3 Lakhs per boat.

iv) For replacement of Gill nets for Catamaran

Rs.10, 000/- per unit.

Repair of OBM/IBE engines –Rs.5,

113
 000/- per engine.

ii) Input subsidy for fish seed i) Rs.8, 200/-per hectare

farm
(This assistance will not be provided if the
beneficiary is eligible or has availed of any
subsidy/ assistance, for the instant calamity
under any other Government Scheme, except
the one time subsidy provided under the
Scheme of Department of Animal Husbandry,
Dairying and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture)

HANDICRAFTS / HANDLOOM
ASSISTANCE TO ARTISANS
8 Rs. 4, 100/- per artisan for equipments –
i)For replacement of damaged subjects to certification by the competent
tools / equipments authority designated by the Government about
damage and its replacement.

ii)For loss of raw material / Rs. 4, 100/- per artisan for raw material
goods in process/finished (subject to certification by the competent
goods authority designated by the State Government
about loss and its replacement).

9 HOUSING i) Rs. 95, 100/- per house in plain areas.

a) Fully damaged/ destroyed ii) Rs. 1, 01, 900/- per house in hilly areas
houses/ severely damaged including Integrated Action Plan (IAP) Districts

Pucca house

b) Partially damaged Houses Rs.5, 200/- per house

Pucca (other than huts) where

the damage is at least 15%

c) Damaged/ destroyed huts Fully Damaged Hut – Rs.5, 000/- per hut

Partially Damaged Hut – Rs.4, 100/- per hut

and hut and 10.k.g rice for each case of
damaged huts.

d) Cattle shed attached with Rs.2, 100/- per shed

house

114
10 INFRASTRUCTURE
Activities of immediate nature:
Repair / restoration (of
immediate nature) of the Illustrative lists of activities which may be
damaged infrastructure considered as works of an immediate nature
are given as Annexure II.
1.Roads&bridges
Assessment of requirements:
2.Drinking water supply
works Based on assessment of need, as per State’s
costs/rates/schedules for repair, by State
3.Irrigation Executive Committee and recommendation of
the Central Team (in case of NDRF) As regards
4.Power (only limited to
repair of roads, due consideration shall be
immediate restoration of
electricity supply in the given to Norms for Maintenance of Roads in
affected areas) india, 2001, as amended from time to time, for
prepares of roads affected by heavy rains/
5.Schools floods, Cyclone, landslides, sand dunes, etc., to
restore traffic For reference, these norms are
6.Primary Health Centres
-Normal and Urban areas: Upto 15% of total
7. Community assets owned of Ordinary Repair (OR) and Periodical Repair
by Panchayat Sectors such as (PR)
Telecommunications and
Power (except immediate -Hills: Upto 20% of total of OR and PR.
restoration of power supply).
Which generate their own In case of repair of roads assistance will be
revenue and also undertake given based on the notified Ordinary Repair
immediate repair / (OR) and Periodical Renewal (PR) of the State.
restoration works from their
In case OR and PR rate is not available, then
own funds / resources are
excluded. assistance will be provided @Rs. 1 lakh/km for
State Highway and Major District Road and
@Rs. 0.60 lakh/km for rural roads. The
condition of “State shall first use its provision
under the budjet for regular maintenance and
repair” will no longer be required, in view of
the difficulties in monitoring such stipulation,
though it is a desirable goal for all the States.

In case of repair of Bridges and Irrigation

works. assistance will be given as per the
schedule of rates notified by the concerned
States. Assistance for micro irrigation scheme
will be provided @Rs. 1.5lakh per damaged
scheme. Assistance for restoration of medium
and large irrigation projects will also be given
for the embankment portions, on par with the

115
 case of similar rural roads, subject to the
stipulation that no duplication would be done
with any ongoing schemes.

Regarding repairs of damaged drinking water

schemes, the eligible damaged drinking water
structures will be eligible for assistance @Rs.
1.5 lakh/damaged structure.

Regarding repair of damaged primary and

secondry schools, primary health centres.
Anganwadi and community assets owned by
the Panchayats, assistance will be given @ Rs.2
lakh/damaged structure.

Regarding repair of damaged power sector,

assistance will be given to damaged
conductors, poles and transformers upto the
level of 11 kv. The rate of assistance will be @
Rs. 4000/poles, Rs.0.50 lakhs per km of
damaged conductor and Rs.1.00 lakh per
damaged transformer.

11 Procurement of essential Expenditure is to be incurred from SDRF only

search, rescue and evacuation (and not from NDRF) as assessed by State
equipments including Executive Committee(SEC)
communication equipments
-The total expenditure on this item should not
etc., for response to disaster.
exceed 10% of the annual allocation of the
SDRF

12 Capacity Building -Expenditure is to be incurred from SDRF only

(and not from NDRF) as assessed by State
Executive Committee(SEC)

-The total expenditure on this item should not

exceed 5% of the annual allocation of the SDRF.

116
13 State specific disasters within -Expenditure is to be incurred from SDRF only
the local context in the State, (and not from NDRF) as assessed by State
which are not included in the Executive Committee(SEC)
notified list of disasters
-The norm for various items will bee the same
eligible for assistance from
as applicable to other notified natural disasters,
SDRF/NDRF, can be met from
as listed above or
SDRF within the limit of 10%
of the annual funds allocation -IN these cases, the scale of relief assistance
of the SDRF. against each item for “local disaster” should not
exceed the norms of SDRF.

-The flexibility is to be applicable only after the

State has formally listed the disasters for
inclusion and notified transparent norms and
guidelines with a clear procedure for
identification of the beneficiaries for disaster
relief for such local disasters’ with the approval
of State Executive Committee (Provision of
relief assistance to local disasters to be
sanctioned as per norms and guidelines
notified by GOTN)

Illustrative list of activities identified as of an immediate nature

1 Drinking water Supply i) Repair of damaged platforms of Hand

pumps/Ring wells/Spring-trapped chambers/
Public stand posts, cisterns.

ii) Restoration of damaged stand posts

including replacement of damaged pipe lengths
with new pipe lengths, cleaning of clear water
reservoir (to make it leak proof)

iii) Repair of damaged pumping machines,

leaking overhead reservoirs and water pumbs
including damaged intake-structures, approach
gantries/jetties.

2 Roads: Filling up of breaches and potholes, use of pipe

for creating waterways, repair and stone
pitching of embankments.

i) Repair of breached culverts.

ii) Providing diversions to the

damaged/washed out portions of bridges to
117
 restore immediate connectivity.

i) Temporary repair of approaches to bridges

/embankments of bridges., repairs of
causeways to restore immediate connectivity,
granular subbase, over damaged stretch of
roads to restore traffic.

3 Irrigation: i) Immediate repair of damaged canal

structures and earthen/masonry works of
thanks and small reservoirs with the use of
cement, sand bags and stones.

ii) Repair of weak areas such as piping or rat

holes in dam walls/ embankments.

iii) Removal of vegetative material/ building

material / debris from canal and drainage
system.

iv) Repair of embankments of minor, medium

and major irrigation projects.

4 Health Repair of damaged approach roads, buildings

and electrical lines of PHCs/Community Heath
Centres.

5 Community assests of a) Repair of village internal roads

Panchayat
b) Removal of debris from drainage/sewerage
lines

c) Repair of internal water supply lines

d) Repair of street lights

e) Temporary repair of primary schools,

Panchayat ghars, community halls, anganwadi
etc.

6 Power Poles/Conductors and transformers upto 11KV

118
The assistance will be considered as per the merit towards the following activities:-

Items/Particulars Norms of assistance will be adopted for

immediate repair

i Damaged primary school Upto Rs.1.50 lakh/unit

building
Not covered
Higher secondary/middle
college and other educational
institutions buildings

ii primary health Centre Upto Rs.1.50 lakh/unit

iii Electric poles and wires etc Normative cost

(Upto Rs.4000 per pole and Rs.0.50 lakh per

km)

iv Panchayat Upto 2.00 Lakh/Unit

ghars/Anganwadi/Mahila
Mondal/Yuva Kendra/
community hall

v State Highways/Major District Rs. 1.00 lakh/km *

road

vi Rural road/bridge Rs.0.60 lakh/km *

vii Drinking water scheme Upto 1.50 lakh/unit

viii Irrigation sector:

Minor irrigation Upto Rs.1.50 lakh/scheme

schemes/canal

Major irrigation scheme Not covered

Flood control and anti Erosion Not covered

Protection work

ix Hydro power Project/HT Not covered

Distribution systems/
Transformers and sub stations
x High Tension Lines(above Not covered
11kv)

119
xi State Government Buildings Not covered
viz departmental/office
building,
departmental/residential
quarters, religious structures,
patwarkhana, Court premises,
play ground, forest bungalow
property and animal/bird
sanctuary etc.,

xii Long terms/permanent Not covered

Restoration work incentive

xiii Any new work of long term Not covered

nature

xiv Distribution of commodities Not covered

(However, there is a provision for assistance as

GR to families in dire need of assistance after a
disasters)

xv Procurements if Not covered

equipments/machineries
under NDRF
xvi National Highways Not covered
(Since GOI born entire expenditure towards
restoration works activities)

xvii Fodder seed to augment Not covered

fodder production

120
 Annexure-IV

Minimum Standards for Relief Camp:

According to section 19 of the DM act 2005, the State Authorities shall lay down
detailed guidelines for providing standards of relief to persons affected by disaster in the
State. Some of the points to be considered for a relief camp are as follows.

Relief shelters and rehabilitation camps shall be set up in order to accommodate

people affected by a disaster. The camp shall be temporary in nature, with basic
necessities. People in the camp shall be encouraged to return to their respective
accommodation once the normalcy is returned.

The factures like terrain, climatic conditions at the site of disaster etc., will also
impact the retirement and ability of the administration and other stakeholders to
deliver relief. These constraints should also be kept in view while prescribing
minimum standards of relief.

The State/District Administration shall take necessary steps to pre-identify

locations/buildings like local schools, anganwadi centers/cyclone
shelters/community centers/marriage halls etc which can be used as Relief
Shelters where people can be accommodated in case of disaster in that area. In
such centers, necessary facilities like sufficient number of toilets, water supply,
generated with fuel for power back up during disasters shall be ensured.

In the relief centers, basic lighting facilities shall be catered to accommodate the
victims. In mountainous areas, minimum covered area shall be relaxed due to lack
of available flat land/built up area. Special care shall be taken for safety and
privacy of inmates, especially for women, widows and children. Special
arrangements should be made for differently-abled persons, old and medically
serious patients.

Relief centers shall be temporary in nature and be closed as soon as normalcy

returns in the area.

Sufficient number of sites based on population density shall be identified as relief

centers and earmarked well in advance at the time of planning and development
of a Metro/city/town.

Milk and other dairy products shall be provided for the children and lactating
mothers.

Sufficient steps shall be taken to ensure hygiene at community and camp kitchens.

Sufficient quantity of water shall be provided in the relief camps for personal
cleanliness and hand wash.

121

Separate toilet and bath area be catered for women and children. Hand wash
facility in toilets should be ensured. Steps may be taken for control of spread of
diseases. Dignity kits for women shall be provided with sanitary napkins and
disposable paper bags with proper labeling.

Drainage or spillage from defecation system shall not run towards any surface
water source or shallow ground water source.

Mobile medical teams shall visit relief camps to attend the affected people. Steps
shall be taken to avoid spread of communicable diseases.

If the relief camps are extended over a long time, then necessary arrangement may
be made for psychosocial treatment.

In each camp, a separate register shall be maintained for entering the details of
women who are widowed and for children who are orphaned due to the disaster.

Special care shall be given to widows and orphans who are separated from their.

122
 Annexure-V
INDIAN RED CROSS SOCIETY

First Responders

S.N Name of the Father’s Name Class Blood Contact No Permanent

O Volunteer Group Address

1. RM.Uma C.T.Ramasamy III-B.COM B+ 8110826745 18, Lakshmi

Priyadharshi Bhavanam,
ni O.A.St, Pallathur-
630107
2. S.Elavarasi Sargunaraja III-B.COM AB+ 9629644994 572(2),
Keelaiyapatti,
Thiruppathur(TK),
Siravayal.
3. S.Kaleeswari K.Subbiah III-B.COM B+ 9442432891 13-4/12, Kasiya
Pillai St,
K.Velangudi
4. K.Pavithra K.Karuppiah III-B.COM A+ 9788429031 2, Marudhu
Pandian Nagar, 4th
Street, Karaikudi.
5. A.Alagu C.Arumugam III-B.COM B+ 9585189364 121, Athangudi
Road, Nangapatti.
6. A.Nandhini A.Mallika III-B.COM A+ 8098735563 26/1, Yembal
Road, Arimalam-
622501,
Pdukkottai Dt.

7. N.Saranya VR.Nachiappan III-B.COM A+ 9943975871 38, Vellar St,

Kothari, Pallathur.
8. S.Suganthi K.Selvaraj III-B.COM O+ 8098525804 Neemani,
Mithravayal,
Karaikudi.

III B.Sc.,(Zoology)
S.NO Name of the Father’s Class Blood Contact No Permanent Address
Volunteer Name Group

9. S.Aishwarya M.Selvaraj III B.Sc., B+ 8525083089 134, Neivasalpatti,

Zoology Vanniyampettai(PO),
Thirumayam(TK),
Pudukkottai(Dt)
10. S.Lavanya A.Subbiah III B.Sc., B+ 9943375180 1042, Thallampatti,
Zoology Vadakattupatti,
Thirumayam(TK),
Pudukkottai(Dt)
11. S.Suba KR.Subramani III B.Sc., B- 9786149794 993/3, Kulathupatti,
Lakshmi yam Zoology Thirumayam(TK),
Pudukkottai(Dt)

123
12. M.Sivagami S.Manikkam III B.Sc., A+ 8608130287 198, S.Manikkam,
Zoology LF Road,
Kanadukathan.
13. M.Malaiyara KR.Murugan III B.Sc., B+ 7639230953 19, Vasantha
si Zoology Malikai, South
Street, Kottaiyur.
14. C.Selvi RM.Chidampa III B.Sc., B+ 9626285628 26, Maravar Street,
ram Zoology Alagapuri,
Kottaiyur(PO)
15. S.Durga A.Sabapathi III B.Sc., A+ 9095838009 Nehru Nagar, 1st
Devi Zoology Street,
Vairavarpuram,
Karaikudi.
16. S.Manjula R.Soali Vasan III B.Sc., B+ 7871719459 415, Perumal Kovil
Zoology St. Rathakottakai,
Kandanoor-630104
17. R.Elakkiya C.Ramanthan III B.Sc., O+ 9626871676 Vasuki, South
Zoology Vandal,
VAndal(PO),
Ilayangudi(TK),
Sivagangai(Dt)
18. K.Jagathees K.Rajenthiran III B.Sc., O+ 9688413986 Seiyanam,
wari Zoology Mimisal(PO)
Puduttai-614621
19. C.Kavitha R.Chellaiya III B.Sc., A+ 7639309533 1/561, Valaiyur St,
Zoology Sokkanathanpuram,
K.Alakapuri.
20. N.Meenal D.Natarajan III B.Sc., A+ 9585189546 206, Santhaipettai St,
Zoology Kanadukathan-
630103

II B.Com.,

S.N Name of the Father’s Class Blood Contact No Permanent

O Volunteer Name Group Address

21. S.Arunmozhi S.Saikumar II B.COM A- 8760606805 333, Ambedkar

Nagar,
Koothalalur(PO),
Koothalalur.
22. K.Pandi Selvi K.Kumar II B.COM A1- 8110860927 90/10, Municipal
St, Idaiyur St,
Karaikudi.
23. K.Thanga Roja V.Kumaresan II B.COM B+ 7548887158 15, Seenivasan
Pillai Compound,
Ganesapuram,
Karaikudi-630001

124
24. C.Karthiga M.Chandran II B.COM A1+ 9976921012 34/35, Chellappa
Chettiar St,
Karaikudi.
25. K.Abinaya AL.Kalliya II B.COM A1B+ 9786397309 2/21, Yathava St,
perumal Ilanchavoor.

26. A.Sathya V.Arugam II B.COM B+ 8940210999 12-5-106, Raiway

Station Road,
Kottaiyur.
27. G.Subbulakshm II B.COM
i
28. S.Sonia L.Subramania II B.COM A+ 8098604993 365, Kongan St,
n Pudupatti(PO),
Pudukkottai(Dt)
29. K.Ananthi G.Kathiresan II B.COM B+ 9976590618 Vanniyar 11th
Street, Mela
Pallivasal,
Puduvayal
30. S.Kathika KR.Solayan II B.COM B+ 7639227827 AM.V.V.Street,
Pallathur.
31. A.Usha KR.Adaikkala II B.COM O+ 9842619767 130/K,
m Chettipatti,
Rayavaram(PO),
Thirumayam(TK)
, Pudukkottai(Dt)
32. C.Pandi Meenal A.Chellaiah II B.COM O+ 9442959383 3/56,
Malukkupatti,
Panangudi.
33. S.Swathi Priya V.Subramania II B.COM A+ 8940895823 18, Komutti St,
n Nemathanpatti,
Sivagangai(Dt)
34. S.Selvi S.Sekar II B.COM O+ 9159773679 33, Mutharaiyar
St, Kothari.
35. M.Pavithra RS.Mathavan II B.COM O+ 9482891417 56, Paapa Orani,
Senjai, Karaikudi.
36. P.Ramya V.Pandi II B.COM AB+ 9585314594 Sirugambaiyar,
Velaiyapuram(PO
) Ramnad.
37. SP.Marimuthu A.Subramania II B.COM A+ 8056339260 33, 34 Puduvayal
n Main Road,
Kandanur.
38. V.R.Muthulaks SP.Veeraseka II B.COM A+ 8098392581 2C
hmi r Nadarajapuram
North Street,
Puduvayal.
39. R.Sathya N.Ravindran II B.COM AB- 9715080923 100 Matha Kovil
St, Kulathur(PO),
Karaikudi(TK)
40. G.Meenatchi V.Ganeshan II B.COM B+ 9626258097 147,
Thiruvelangudi,
Palavankudi(PO),
125
 Sivagangai(Dt)

41. M.Seethalaksh PL.Muthupan II B.COM O+ 9943474688 944, Mala Street,

mi dian Kothamangalam.
42. M.Malathi N.Meyyar II B.COM O+ 8973536910 Pudhuvayal Main
Road, Kandanur.
43. N.Sara S.Nallamuthu II B.COM O+ 9698622596 32A, Andakkudi,
Avadakottai(PO),
Sivagangai(Dt)
44. S.Mangaiyarkar Subbiah II B.COM O+ 9976767136 3/13, East Street,
asi Opp to Old Rise
mill, Palavankudi.
45. V.Thenmozhi VR.Vellaisam II B.COM O+ 9788054201 Krishna Nagar,
y Periyavengaka
Vayal,
Puduvayal.
46. S.Solai Muthu V.Selvamani II B.COM B+ 9487404846 9, Mutharaiyar
Theru, Kothari.
47. A.Muthu SP.Andiyappa II B.COM B+ 8883926491 Door 5, Kavul
Laksmi n Kollai St,
Puduvayal.
48. R.Nandhini SP.Rajendran II B.COM A+ 9486014414 32, Padasalai St,
Pallathur.

II M.Sc., (Mathematics)
S. Name of the Father’s Name Class Blood Contact No Permanent
NO Volunteer Group Address

49. AR.Nagajothi N.Arunachalam II M.Sc., B+ 808247966 25 East Street,

Maths Pudhuvayal Main
Road, Kandanur-
630104
50. S.Pandiselvi N.Selvaraj II M.Sc., B+ 9486611161 Karumariyamman
Maths Nagar, Hero Show
Room Near, Siva
Complex, Pallathur.
51. C.Annai Therasa S.Chinnappan II M.Sc., A1+ 9965765943 11-4/8,
Maths M.M.Compound,
Narasimma Achiar
St, Kottaiyur-
630106
52. M.Priya AL.Malaikolunt II M.Sc., O+ 9943009587 225-A, Ayingudi,
hu Maths Rayavaram(PO),
Thirumayam(TK),
Pudukkottai(Dt)
53. M.Karthika P.Muthu II M.Sc., B+ 9786383314 Kottaikadu,
Maths Thirukkolakudi(PO,
Thiruppathur(TK),
Sivagangai(Dt)

126
54. S.Jayalakshmi K.Saminathan II M.Sc., B+ 9345720751 3/1266,
Maths N.G.G.O.Colony,
Naresh Kuptha St,
Kalanivasal,
Karaikudi.
55. T.Sasikala V.Thangaraj II M.Sc., B+ 9788129919 1, Subash Geam
Maths Bazal, Diglipur Port
Blair, North
Andaman-744202
56. S.Suriya Perdisia S.Sivakumar II M.Sc., O+ 9965744895 Veliyakkottai,
Maths A.R.Mangalam(PO
),
Thiruvadanai(TK),
Ramnad(Dt)
57. K.Mthumeenal M.Kathiresan II M.Sc., B+ 9750938881 896, Mooraiyur,
Maths West Street,
Thiruppathur(TK),
Sivagangai(Dt)
58. D.Nivethitha S.David Rowi II M.Sc., O+ 9047838650 1/55, Parambai
Rogr Maths Road,
R.S.Mangalam,
Ramnad(Dt)
59. M.Minipriya M.Marthandan II M.Sc., O+ 7708278744 Kannapan Chettiyar
Maths St, Puduvalavu,
Paganeri,
Sivagangai(Dt)
60. A.Faith J.Anthony Raj II M.Sc., AB+ 9626678852 58/2,
Maths Amaradakki(North)
, Amaradakki(PO),
Avudaiyar
Koil(TK),
Pudukkottai(Dt)
61. C.Thiraya K.Chinnaiah II M.Sc., B+ 9865278876 Gandhi Nagar,
Bharathi Maths Peyanpatti,
O.Siruvayal(PO),
Karaikudi(TK),
Sivagangai(Dt)
62. M.Indirani C.Mani II M.Sc., O+ 9659776120 Seppavayal,
Maths Kurungalur(PO),
Avudaiyar
Koil(TK),
Pudukkottai(Dt)

127
 III B.Sc., (Chemistry)

S.NO Name of the Father’s Name Class Blood Contact No Permanent

Volunteer Group Address

63. S.Iswarya Al.Sekar III B.Sc., Che. B+ 9047394428 9-2/15(4)

Mutharaiyar St,
Kothari,
Pallathur.
64. S.Iswarya S.Satha Sivam III B.Sc., Che. O+ 9750104992 31, Bharathiyar
St, Kalanivasal,
Karaikudi.
65. R.Magesh S.Raju III B.Sc., Che. AB+ 8489888123 9-2/7-1,
Mutharaiyar
North St,
Kothari,
Pallathur.
66. N.Manimekal A.Nachiyappan III B.Sc., Che. AB+ 9787143978 3/845, Kurinji
ai Nagar,
Keelasevalpatti,
630205
67. K.Sangeetha AL.Karuppaiya III B.Sc., Che. O+ 9786848482 D.No.22/9, 4
“A” Bangalow
St,
Narayanapuram,
Pallathur.
68. K.Ramya K.Kannan III B.Sc., Che. O+ 9788097753 Valangudi,
Thondi(PO),
Thiruvadanai(T
K), Ramnad(Dt)
69. P.Mariyamm C.Panneerselvam III B.Sc., Che. A+ 9786752781 D.No.22/9, 4 :
al “A” Bangalow
St,
Narayanapuram,
Pallathur.
70. UL.Ulagu OL.Ulagappan III B.Sc., Che. O+ 7639951858 703, Murugappa
Meenal St,
Kothamangalam,
Sivagangai(Dt)
71. K.Kalaivani III B.Sc., Che.

72. G.Vaishnavi P.Ganesan III B.Sc., Che. A+ 9943944061 3-58, Enappatti,

Pulivalam(PO),
Thirumayam(TK
),
Pudukkottai(Dt)
73. K.Raji K.Kiliraj III B.Sc., Che. A+ 9787303086 4/3-1, Samipatti,
Sengottaipatti(P
O),
Kamuthi(TK),
Ramand(Dt)

128
 III B.Sc., (Maths)

S.NO Name of the Father’s Name Class Blood Contact No Permanent

Volunteer Group Address

74. Kalpana V.Thondiman III B.Sc., B+ 9942091890 181, Umayal

Ilanthiraiyan Maths Illam, Church IV
St, TT.Nagar,
Karaikudi.
75. T.Sriveeraselv M.Thirunavukka III B.Sc., O+ 7373165069 146/A,
a Lakshmi rasu Maths Thiruvalluvar
Nagar,
Peyanpatti,
Karaikudi.
76. R.Karthika V.Ramasamy III B.Sc., B+ 8098512905 3/217,
Maths Barthibanur,
Paramakudi(TK)
77. R.Sangeetha K.Raman III B.Sc., AB+ 9976436766 2/295, NEW
Maths Street,
Parthibanur,
Paramakudi(TK)
78. K.Preethiga A.Kottaisamy III B.Sc., AB+ 9787050057 28/18, Rakki
Maths Apt, Challapa
Chettiar St,
N.Pudur,
Karaikudi
79. N.Ponnalagu SP.Nelli III B.Sc., B+ 9597564515 1/104,
Maths Keelatheru,
Vadakudi(PO),
Pallathur.
80. V.Nandhini T.Vellaisamy III B.Sc., B+ 9600613020 22, Nattar
Maths Layout Manner
Nagar West,
Arumuga nagar,
Karaikudi.
81. M.Menaka M.Moorthy III B.Sc., O+ 9751593747 442, South
Maths Street,
Sembanur(PO),
Sembanur,
Sivagangai(Dt)
82. P.Priyanka Paramasivan III B.Sc., A+ 7094581991 2/291, Vinayagar
Maths Nagar, Kallal,
Sivagangai(Dt)
83. K.Ranjitha K.Kottisamy III B.Sc., A+ 9965960131 2/48,
Maths Ariyankottai,
Paramakudi(TK)
, Ramnad(Dt)
84. R.Anitha S.Ravikumar III B.Sc., B+ 9047968491 Sri Rakatchi
Maths Amman Illam,
Sanaveli(PO),
Thiruvadanai(T
K), Ramnad(Dt)
129
85. C.Dhanalaksh D.Chinnaiya III B.Sc., AB+ 9597242821 3/220,
mi Maths Parthibanur,
Nelmadhur(PO),
Paramakudi(TK)
, Ramnad(Dt)
86. A.Manonmani A.Arunachalam III B.Sc., O+ 8903531261 733, Murugappa
Maths St,
Kothamangalam,
Siavagangai(Dt)

130
 Annexure-VI

List of Agricultural Machinery available in the Office of Executive

Engineer(AE), Agricultural Engineering Department, Sivagangai.

Sl.N Name of Machinery Present Condition Custodian Contact No. Make /

o. Officer Model

1. Buildozer 50-98 Working Asst.Exe.Engr., 9655767204 Bharat

Sivagangai

2. Buildozer 50-136 Admitted in Govt Asst.Exe.Engr., 9443685325 Bharat

workshop for BDM Karaikudi

3. Tractor TN59G 0209 Working Asst.Exe.Engr., 9655767204 MF 245

Sivagangai

4. Tractor TN63G 0374 Working Asst.Exe.Engr., 9655767204 MF 245

Sivagangai

5. Tractor TN63G 0527 Admitted in Govt Asst.Exe.Engr., 9655767204 SAME 70E

workshop for TOH Sivagangai

6. Tractor TN 55G 0210 Woking Asst.Exe.Engr., 9443685325 MF 245

Karaikudi

131
 Details of Equipments

Wooden poles
Sand (cum)
Bull Dozer

Powersaw

Generator
Sand Bags
Manvetty
Crow bar

Pumpset
Tractors

Labour
Detai
Lorry
Sl.No

Pans
Saw

Axe
JCB
ls

Availa
ble
1. with 2 - - - - 12 35 277 9 120 85 - 1000 600 - -
Depar
tment

2. Identi
fied
and
to be
hired 7 5 10 10 5 36 - - 11 45 50 120 - - 5 5
if
neces
sary

Total 9 5 10 10 5 48 35 277 20 165 135 120 1000 600 5 5

132
 Annexure-VII

Chart of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction

2015-2030
Scope and purpose

The present framework will apply to the risk of small –scale, frequent, and infrequent,
sudden and slow-onset disasters. caused by natural or manmade hazards as well as
related environmental, technological and biological hazards and risks. It aims to guide
the multi-hazard management of disaster risk in development at all levels as well as
within and across all sectors.

Expected outcome

The substantial reduction of disaster risk and losses in live. Livelihoods and health and
in the economic, physical, social, cultural and environmental assets of persons.
Business, communities and countries.

Goal

Prevent new and reduce existing disaster risk through the implementation of
integrated and inclusive economic, structural, legal, social, health, cultural,
environmental, technological, political and institutional measures that prevent and
reduce hazard exposure and vulnerability to disaster, increase preparedness for
response and recovery, and thus strengthen resilience.

Targets

Substantially reduce global disaster mortality by 2030, aiming to lower average per
100,000 global mortality between 2020-2030 compared to 2005-2015

Substantially reduce the number of affected people globally by 2030, aiming to lower
the average global figure per 100,000 between 2020-2030 compared to 2005-2015
Reduce direct disaster economic loss in relation to global gross domestic product
(GDP) by 2030

Substantially reduce disaster damage to critical infrastructure and disruption of basic

services, among them health and educational facilities, including through developing
their resilience by 2030

Substantially increase the number of countries with national and local disaster risk
reduction strategies by 2020

Substantially enhance international cooperation to developing countries through

adequate and sustainable support to complement their national actions for
implementation of this framework by 2030

133
 Substantially increase the availability of and access to multi-hazard early warning
systems and disaster risk information and assessments to people by 2030

Priorities for Action

There is a need for focused action within and across sectors by States at local, national,
regional and global levels in the following four priority areas.

Priority 1 Priority 2 Priority 3 Priority 4

Understanding Strengthening disaster Investing in disaster Enhancing

disaster risk risk governance to risk reduction for disaster
manage disaster risk resilience preparedness for
effective response,
and to Build Back
Better in recovery,
rehabilitation and
reconstruction

Disaster Risk Management

Pre-disaster activities Post-disaster activities

Risk Mitigation Risk transfer Preparedness Emergency Rehabilitation
Identification response -
reconstruction
Hazard Structural Insurance, Warning Humanitarian Rehabilitation,
assessment and non- reinsurance of systems, assistance reconstruction
(frequency, structural public communication of damaged
magnitude, works and infrastructure systems, critical
location) actions and private protocols infrastructure
assets
Financial
market
instruments
(catastrophe
bonds,
weather-
indexed hedge
funds) public
services with
safety
regulation(e.g.
energy, water,
transportation)
Vulnerability Land-use Contingency Clean-up, Macroeconomic
assessment planning planning temporary and budget
(population and and (utility repairs and management
assets exposed) building companies, restoration of (stabilization,
codes public services protection of
134
 services) social
expenditures)
Risk assessment Financial Networks of Damage Revitalization of
(function of incentives emergency assessment affected sectors
hazards and for responders and (e.g. exports,
vulnerability) preventive (local, identification tourism,
behavior national) of priorities agriculture)
for recovery
Hazard Education, Financial Shelter Mobilization Incorporation of
monitoring and training protection facilities, of recovery risk
forecasting and strategies evacuation resources management in
(space-time awareness plans (public- reconstruction
modeling, about risks multilateral, processes
scenario building) and insurance)
prevention

135
 ABBREVIATIONS

AAI - Airport Authority of India

AERB - Atomic Energy Regulatory Board

AF - Armed Forces

ASSZ - Andaman Sumatara Subduction Zone

BARC - Bhabha Atomic Research Center

BBB - Building Back Better

BBC - British Broadcasting Corporation

BDO - Block Development Officer

BIS - Bureau of Indian Standards

BMPTC - Building Material & Technology Promotion Council

BPR - Bottom Pressure Recorder

CBDM - Community Base Disaster Management

CBDRM - Community Base Disaster Risk Management

CBO - Community Based Organization

CBRN - Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear

CII - Confederation of Indian Industry

CMG - DAE - Crisis Management Group – Department of Atomic

Energy

CMP - Crisis Management Plan

CMWSSB - Chemical Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage

Board

CRA - Commissioner of Revenue Administration

CSC - Common Service Centers

CWC - Central Water Commission

DCG - District Crisis Group

136
DDMA - District Disaster Management Authority

DDMP - District Disaster Management Plan

DEOC - District Emergency Operations Center

DRO - District Revenue Officer

DRR - Disaster Risk Reduction.

E&F - Environment & Forest Department

EAP - Emergency Action Plan

ECS - Electronic Clearance System

ERC - European Research Council

EWS - Early Warning System

GoI - Government of India

GSI - Geological Survey of India

GVK- EMRI - Ganapati Venkata Krishnanreddy – Emergency

Management and Research Institute.

HADP - Hill Areas Development Programme

HFL - Highest Flood Level

HQ - Head Quarters

IAS - Indian Administrative Service

IAY - Indira Awas Yojana

ICT - Information and Communication Technology

IDRN - India Disaster Resource Network

IFS - Indian Forest Service

IITM - India Institute of Technology Madras

IMD - India Meteorological Department

INCOIS - Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Service

IOC - Intergovernmental Ocean Information Service

137
IPS - Indian Police Service

ITEWC - Indian Tsunami Early Warning Center

LCG - Local Crisis Group

LED - Light Emitting Diode

MAH - Major Accident Hazard

MGNREGS - Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee

Scheme

MSIHC - Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous

Chemicals

MW - Mega Watts

NCC - National Cadet Corps

NCMC - National Crisis Management Committee

NDRF - National Disaster Response Force

NEC - National Executive Committee

NEOC - National Emergency Operations Center

NGO - Non – Governmental Organization

NIOT - National Institute of Ocean Technology

NRHM - national Rural Health Mission

NRSC - National Remote Sensing Center

NSS - National Service Scheme

NYKS - Nehru Yuva Kendra Sangathan

ORS - Oral Rehydration Salts

PA - Public Addressing

PWD - Public Works Department (Water Resource

Department)

RD&PR - Rural Development & Panchayat Raj Department

RMC - Regional Meteorological Centre

138
RTO - Regional Transport Officer

RTSP - Regional Tsunami Service Provider

SDMA - State Disaster Management Authority

SDMP - State Disaster Management Plan

SDO - Sub Divisional Officer

SDRF - State Disaster Response Fund

SEC - State Executive Committee

SEOC - State Emergency Operations Center

SHG - Self Help Groups

SOP - Standard Operating Procedure

SP - Superintendent of Police

SSA - Sarva Shiksa Abiyan

TANGEDCO - Tamil Nadu Generation and Distribution Corporation

TEL - Tamil Nadu Explosives Limited

TN - Tamil Nadu

TNEB - Tamil Nadu Electricity Board

TNPCB - Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board

TNSDMA - Tamil Nadu State Disaster Management Agency

TNWRD - Tamil Nadu Water Resources Department

TSP - Tamil Nadu Special Police

TWAD - Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board

UNESCO - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural

Organization

VAO - Village Administrative Officer

WPs - Water Purification System

139