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    Pre Lab Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution

    Uploaded by

    Sana Rajpoot
    This document provides instructions for an experiment on electrophilic aromatic substitution of benzene. It lists the required materials including benzaldehyde, toluene, benzoyl chloride, water, ethanol, ether, nitric acid, sulfuric acid and aluminum chloride. It also includes a data table with information on each material such as molecular mass, safety considerations, reaction scale, physical properties, and yield percentage. The procedure involves running electrophilic reactions on benzene under different solvent and temperature conditions to determine reaction results, which can be analyzed using techniques like TLC, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and melting point determination.

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    Pre Lab Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution

    Uploaded by

    Sana Rajpoot
    95 views3 pages
    This document provides instructions for an experiment on electrophilic aromatic substitution of benzene. It lists the required materials including benzaldehyde, toluene, benzoyl chloride, water, ethanol, ether, nitric acid, sulfuric acid and aluminum chloride. It also includes a data table with information on each material such as molecular mass, safety considerations, reaction scale, physical properties, and yield percentage. The procedure involves running electrophilic reactions on benzene under different solvent and temperature conditions to determine reaction results, which can be analyzed using techniques like TLC, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and melting point determination.

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    This document provides instructions for an experiment on electrophilic aromatic substitution of benzene. It lists the required materials including benzaldehyde, toluene, benzoyl chloride, water, ethanol, ether, nitric acid, sulfuric acid and aluminum chloride. It also includes a data table with information on each material such as molecular mass, safety considerations, reaction scale, physical properties, and yield percentage. The procedure involves running electrophilic reactions on benzene under different solvent and temperature conditions to determine reaction results, which can be analyzed using techniques like TLC, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and melting point determination.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    95 views3 pages

    Pre Lab Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution

    Uploaded by

    Sana Rajpoot
    This document provides instructions for an experiment on electrophilic aromatic substitution of benzene. It lists the required materials including benzaldehyde, toluene, benzoyl chloride, water, ethanol, ether, nitric acid, sulfuric acid and aluminum chloride. It also includes a data table with information on each material such as molecular mass, safety considerations, reaction scale, physical properties, and yield percentage. The procedure involves running electrophilic reactions on benzene under different solvent and temperature conditions to determine reaction results, which can be analyzed using techniques like TLC, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and melting point determination.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    Pre- Lab

    Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution

    Title:

    The study of the electrophilic aromatic benzene.

    Chemical reaction:

    Figure 1: Chemical reactions involved

    Required materials:

     Benzaldehyde
     Toluene
     benzoyl chloride
     Water
     Ethanol
     ether
     Nitric/sulfuric mix
     AlCl3

    Data table:

    Reagents Molecular Safety Considerations Reaction densi Meltin Boili Rf Yiel


    Mass Scale ty g ng valu d
    (Mole of Point Poin e (%)
    Reaction (℃) t (℃
    ) )
    Starting Material
    benzaldehyd 106.124 Benzaldehyde can 1 1.04 −26 179 0.9
    e g·mol−1 irritate the nose and g/cm³ and
    throat causing coughing 0.3
    and shortness of breath.
    The eye or skin contact
    can cause irritation.
    toluene 92.14 g/mol Toluene is a highly 1 0.867 -95 110. 0.37
    flammable liquid and it g/cm 6
    can cause mild damage 3
    to the skin and the eyes.
    benzoyl 140.57 it appears as a colorless 2 1.21 -1 197. 0.89
    chloride g/mol fuming liquid with a g/cm³ 2
    pungent odor, irritating
    to skin and eyes.
    Corrosive to metals and
    tissue.

    Reactant
    water 18 no hazards 1 1g/c 100 N/a 0.66
    m3
    ethanol 46.07 g/mol Causes severe eye and 1 0.789 78.37 - 0.78
    skin irritation. May g/cm 114.
    cause gastrointestinal 3 1
    irritation with nausea,
    vomiting and diarrhea.
    ether 74.12 g/mol it can cause drowsiness, 1 0.713 -116.3 34.6  0.85
    excitement, dizziness, g/cm
    vomiting, irregular 3
    breathing, and increased
    saliva.

    Product
    methyl 134.17 it is dangerous to skin 1 1.004
    acetophenon g/mol and eyes. g/mL
    e
    nitro toluene 137.14 the fumes are toxic and 1 1.103
    g/mol toxic to inhalation and 8
    skin absorption. g/cm
    3
    nitro- 151.12 it is harmful if inhaled. 1 1.546
    benzaldehyd g/mol Cause respiratory g/cm
    e irritation. 3
    Table 1: Data table of required materials

    Procedure:

    In this experiment we have to run the electrophilic reaction at different solvent conditions

    and at different temperature conditions. In order to start, clicked the benzene nitration from the

    clipboard. It will populate the substrate shelf. Now add benzaldehyde to the conical flask. Now

    one of the three solvent has to be added. And then this flask should be clamp on the stir plate and

    add H2SO4/HNO3 mixture. Now run the reaction at the ice bath, at the room temperature and at

    reflux condition. Then by using 1-minute increment button, 10-minute increment button or 1-

    hour increment button, to determine the reaction results. The progress can be check by TLC. Bu

    using the other solvents, the same reaction is carried out and then the IR, MS, melting point and

    point can be observed for the product.

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