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    PD Measurements On Power Cables

    Uploaded by

    Juan Sebastian Juris Zapata
    PD en cables

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    PD Measurements On Power Cables

    Uploaded by

    Juan Sebastian Juris Zapata
    29 views2 pages
    PD en cables

    Original Title

    PD Measurements on Power Cables

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    PD en cables

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    29 views2 pages

    PD Measurements On Power Cables

    Uploaded by

    Juan Sebastian Juris Zapata
    PD en cables

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    PD Measurements on Power Cables

    There are three main failure mechanisms that exist in XLPE cables. These include cavities, water/electrical trees and
    protrusions.

    In the case of a cavity, the lower permittivity within the gas-filled cavity leads to a higher electric field strength in this
    specific area within the insulation. Once the local electric field strength exceeds the dielectric strength inside the fault,
    partial discharge (PD) can occur, which leads to further damage or erosion.

    Water can enter into the insulation system as soon as, for example, Figure 1
    the sealing of the cable jacket is damaged. Due to the water vapor
    pressure, water can diffuse into the XLPE cable insulation. A water
    tree will start growing into the isolation as the polarized water
    molecules are drawn into the area of high field strength. The
    higher electrical conductance of the water tree influences the field
    distribution and increases the field strength between the water
    tree and the counter conductor. The water tree itself cannot be
    detected via a PD measurement, because there are no pulse-shaped
    events created. But the changed field distribution, respectively
    the increased field strength caused by the water tree, can lead to
    partial discharges (electrical tree) if the electrical field strength
    exceeds the dielectric strength.

    A defect in the inner or outer semi conductive layers, such as a


    tip, leads to an inhomogeneous electrical field. As soon as the
    local field strength at the tip exceeds the dielectric strength of the
    insulation, partial discharges can occur which can develop again Basic connection diagram of a coupling capacitor at a cable
    end termination
    into an electrical tree.

    Typically, PD measurement on power cables can be performed


    in three different ways, using either a coupling capacitor, a High
    Frequency Current Transformer (HFCT) on the grounding or sheath
    cable, or a UHF sensor on the cable end termination.

    Use of a coupling capacitor is mainly done with the power source


    during the factory acceptance test (FAT) or site acceptance test
    (SAT) as shown in Figure 1.
    For on-line PD measurements on cables, an HFCT is normally used on the sheath cable of the joints and on the
    grounding point on the end terminations. The signal propagation can be very complex. Therefore, it is beneficial to
    have a straight-through connection in the cross-bonding box. The HFCTs should be connected around the cross-
    bonding links as shown in Figure 2.

    Load (GIS, Transformer...)


    Figure 2

    MPD 600
    HFCT

    Basic connection diagram of HFCT at a cable end termination Connection inside cross-bonding link box

    The UCS1 is a UHF PD sensor designed to measure and monitor cable end terminations. The directional sensor
    detects PD signals as transient voltage drops across the insulation of HV cable terminations occurring the frequency
    range of some hundreds of MHz’s. It can be used with or without parallel installed grounding connections. In order
    to achieve the best response characteristic, the UCS1 should be installed as close as possible to the termination,
    using short and low inductive braids as shown in Figure 3.

    Short and low inductive


    metal bar/connection
    UCS1
    UCS1

    Ground switch Ground switch


    or surge arrestor or surge arrestor
    Figure 3
    MPD 600 MPD 600
    UHF 620 UHF 620
    Basic connection diagram of UHF
    sensor at a cable end termination

    The UHF approach ensures a very sensitive and local PD measurement in environments with high disturbance levels.

    © OMICRON 2020 www.omicronenergy.com

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