Mecedilla, Joshua C.

BSIE 3-1
1. During a steady flow process, the pressure of the working substance drops from 200 ¿ 20 psia , the speed
Btu
increases from 200 ¿ 1000 fps , the internal energy of the open system decreases 25 , and the specific volume
lb
ft 3
increases from 1 ¿ 8 . no heat is transferred. Sketch an energy diagram. Determine the work per lb. Is it done on
lb
lb
or done by the substance? Determine the work in hp for 10 .
min
Given:
p1=200 psia
p1=20 psia
v1 =200 fps
v 2=1000 fps
3
ft
v1 =1
lb
ft 3
v 2=8
lb
Btu
u1=25
lb
Solution:
W =?

K1 K2

W1 W1
U1 U1

P1 + K 1 + H 1+Q=P2 + K 2 + H 2+ W
2
ft
v 21
K 1= =
( 200
s ) =0.80
Btu
2k lb m ∙ ft ft ∙ lb f lb m
(
( 2 ) 32.174
lb f ∙ s 2
)( 778
Btu )
ft 2
v2
K 2= 2 =
( 1000
s )=19.97
Btu
2k lb ∙ ft ft ∙ lb f lb m
(
( 2 ) 32.174 m 2 778
lb f ∙ s Btu )( )
 3
lb ¿2 1 ft
W f 1= p1 v 1
( 200
¿2)( 144
)( )
ft 2 lb m
=37.20
Btu
ft ∙ lb f lb m
778
Btu
lb 2
ft 3

W f 2= p2 v 2
( )(
20 2 144 2 8
¿
¿
ft )( )
lb m
=29.61
Btu
ft ∙lb f lb m
778
Btu
K 1 +W f 1=K 2 +W f 2+ Δu+W
∆ u=u2−u 1
Btu Btu Btu
∆ u=0 −25 =−25
lb lb lb
Btu Btu Btu Btu Btu
0.80 +37.02 =19.97 +29.61 −25 +W
lb m lb m lb m lb m lbm
Btu
W =13.24
lb m
Btu lb
( lb ) ( min )
13.24 10
m
W= =3.12 hp
Btu
42.4
min∙ hp

2. The volume of a 6 ×12 ft tank is 339.3 cu . ft . It contains air 200 psig and 85 ℉ . How many 1 cu . ft drums can
be filled to 50 psig and 80 ℉ if it is assumed that air temperature in the tank remains 85F? The drums have been
sitting around in the atmosphere which is at 14.7 psia and80 ℉
Given:
V 1=339.3 cu . ft
V 2=1 cu . ft
p1=200 psig+14.7=214.7 psia
p2=50 psig+14.7=64.7 psia
p3=14.7 psia
p4 =50 psig+14.7=64.7 psia
T 1=85 ℉ +460=545 ❑° R
T 2=85 ℉ +460=545 ❑° R
T 3=80 ℉ +460=540 ❑° R
T 3=80 ℉ +460=540 ❑° R
Solution:
 2

m 1=
p1 V 1
=
) ft (
( 214.7 psia ) 144 ¿ 2 ( 339.3 cu . ft )
=360.9 lb
RT1 ft ∙ lb∙ R °

( 53.34 lb ) (545 R ) ❑ °
❑

m=2
p V
= 2 1
( ft )
( 64.7 psia ) 144 ¿ ( 339.3 cu . ft ) 2

=108.7 lb
RT ft ∙lb∙ R °

(53.34 lb ) (545 R )
2 ❑
❑
°

m air =360.9 lb−108.7 lb=252.2 lb

2

m 3=
p3 V 2
=
(
ft )
( 14.7 psia ) 144 ¿ 2 ( 1 cu . ft )
=0.074 lb
RT3 ft ∙lb ∙ ❑° R
( 53.34
lb )
( 545 ❑° R )
2

m 3=
p3 V 2
=
(
( 64.7 psia) 144 ¿ 2 (1 cu . ft )
ft )
=0.323lb
RT3 ft ∙lb ∙ ❑° R
(
53.34
lb
°
)
( 545 ❑ R )
mair each drum=0.323 lb−0.074 lb=0.25lb
252.2lb
m air of drums filled= =1009
0.25lb

ft ∙ lb
3. For a certain ideal gas R=25.8 andk =1.09
lb∙ ❑° R
a. What are the values of c p and c v ?
b. What mass of this gas would occupy a volume of 15 cu ft and 75 psia and 80 ℉ ?
c. If 30 BTU are transferred to this gas at constant volume in (d), what are the resulting temperature
and pressure?
Given:
ft ∙ lb
R=25.8
lb∙ ❑° R
k =1.09
V =15 cu . ft
P=75 psia
 °
T =80 ℉ +460=540 ❑R
Q=30 Btu
Solution:
ft ∙ lb
a.
c P=
kR
=
(
( 1.09 ) 25.8 °
lb∙ ❑ R )
=312.47
ft ∙lb
∨0.402
Btu
°
k−1 1.09−1 lb ∙ ❑R lb ∙ ❑° R
Btu
0.402
cP lb ∙ ❑° R Btu
cv= = =0.369
k 1.09 lb ∙ ❑° R
2
(75 psia)(144 ¿ 2 ) ( 15 cu . ft )
pV ft
b. m= = =11.63 lb
RT ft ∙lb
25.8( lb∙ ❑° R ) °
( 540 ❑R )
c. Q=mc v ( T 2 −T 1 )
Btu
(
30 Btu=( 11.63 lb ) 0.369 °
lb ∙ ❑R )
( T 2 −540 ❑° R )=547 ❑° R
T2 547 ❑° R
p2 = p1
( )
T1
=75 psia
(
540 ❑° R )
=76 psia

4. Ten cu ft of air at 300 psia and 400 ℉ is cooled to140 ℉ at constant volume. What are:
a. the final pressure,
b. the work, (c) the change of internal energy,
c. the transferred heat,
d. the change of enthalpy, and,
e. the change of entropy?
Given:
V =10 cu . ft
P1=300 psia
T 1=400 ℉ + 460 ❑° R =860 ❑° R
 T 2=140 ℉+ 460 ❑° R=600 ❑° R
Solution:
p1 T 2 ( 300 psia ) ( 600 ❑° R )
a. p2 = = °
=209 psia
T1 860 ❑R
b. W =0
2

c. m=
p1 V 1
=
)(
( 300 psia ) 144 ¿ 2 ( 10 cu . ft )
ft
=9.417 lb
RT 1 ft ∙ lb∙ R °

( 53.34 lb ) (860 R ) ❑ °
❑

Btu
∆ U =m c ( T −T )=( 9.417 lb ) ( 0.171
lb ∙ R )
° °
v 2 1 ( 600 R −860 R )=−420 Btu
° ❑ ❑
❑

Btu
Q=mc ( T −T ) =( 9.417 lb )( 0.171
lb ∙ R )
° °
d. v 2 1 ( 600 R −860 R ) =−420 Btu
° ❑ ❑
❑

Btu
∆ H =mc ( T −T ) =( 9.417 lb ) ( 0.24
lb ∙ R )
° °
e. p 2 1 ( 600 R −860 R )=588 Btu
° ❑ ❑
❑

T2 Btu 600 ❑° R Btu

f. ∆ S=m c v ln
T1 (
=( 9.417 lb ) 0.171 °
lb ∙ ❑R
ln
) °
860 ❑R
=−581 °
❑R

J
5. There are 1.36 kg of gas, for which R=377 and k =1.25, that undergo a nonflow constant volume process
kg ∙ K
from p1=551.6 kPa and t 1=60 ℃ to p2=1655 kPa . During the process the gas is internally stirred and there
are also added 105.5 kJ of heat. Determine (a) t 2, (b) the work input and (c) the change of entropy.
Given:
m=1.36 kg
J
R=377
kg ∙ K
 k =1.25
p1=551.6 kPa

p2=1655 kPa

T 1=60 ℃+ 273.2=333.2 K

Q=105.5 kJ
Solution:
T 1 p 2 ( 333.2 K )( 1655 kPa )
a. T 2= = =999.7 K
p1 551.6 kPa
J
377
b. R kg ∙ k J
cv= = =1508
k −1 1.25−1 kg ∙ K
kJ
(
∆ U =m c v ( T 2−T 1 )=( 1.36 kg ) 1.508 )
kg ∙ K
( 999 .7 K−333.2 K )=1366.91 kJ
W n =Q−∆U =105.5 kJ −1366.91 kJ =−1261.41 kJ
T2 999.7 K kj
c. ∆ S=m c v ln =( 1.36 kg )( 1.508 kg ) ln =2.25
T1 333.2 K K