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    Lab Experiment # 02: Objective

    Uploaded by

    Abdul Wahab
    This lab experiment aims to determine the relationship between angular deflection and rod length under constant torque. In part 1, students measure the angular deflection of steel and brass rods of length 500mm under increasing torque loads. They plot graphs of angular deflection vs torque and compare experimental and theoretical values. In part 2, they measure angular deflection of the rods under different torques and lengths, and plot graphs of TL vs Jθ to determine the slope and shear modulus of each material. The experiment demonstrates relationships between torque, angular deflection, material properties and geometry for members in torsion.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Lab Experiment # 02: Objective

    Uploaded by

    Abdul Wahab
    51 views7 pages
    This lab experiment aims to determine the relationship between angular deflection and rod length under constant torque. In part 1, students measure the angular deflection of steel and brass rods of length 500mm under increasing torque loads. They plot graphs of angular deflection vs torque and compare experimental and theoretical values. In part 2, they measure angular deflection of the rods under different torques and lengths, and plot graphs of TL vs Jθ to determine the slope and shear modulus of each material. The experiment demonstrates relationships between torque, angular deflection, material properties and geometry for members in torsion.

    Original Description:

    MMT-I

    Original Title

    MMT-LAB#2

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    This lab experiment aims to determine the relationship between angular deflection and rod length under constant torque. In part 1, students measure the angular deflection of steel and brass rods of length 500mm under increasing torque loads. They plot graphs of angular deflection vs torque and compare experimental and theoretical values. In part 2, they measure angular deflection of the rods under different torques and lengths, and plot graphs of TL vs Jθ to determine the slope and shear modulus of each material. The experiment demonstrates relationships between torque, angular deflection, material properties and geometry for members in torsion.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    51 views7 pages

    Lab Experiment # 02: Objective

    Uploaded by

    Abdul Wahab
    This lab experiment aims to determine the relationship between angular deflection and rod length under constant torque. In part 1, students measure the angular deflection of steel and brass rods of length 500mm under increasing torque loads. They plot graphs of angular deflection vs torque and compare experimental and theoretical values. In part 2, they measure angular deflection of the rods under different torques and lengths, and plot graphs of TL vs Jθ to determine the slope and shear modulus of each material. The experiment demonstrates relationships between torque, angular deflection, material properties and geometry for members in torsion.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    LAB EXPERIMENT # 02

    Objective:

    To determine the relationship between angular deflection and rod length at constant torque.

    Introduction:

    Members in torsion are encountered in many engineering applications. The most common
    application is provided by transmission shafts, which are used to transmit power from one point
    to another. These shafts can be either solid or hollow. Theses shafts are designed to transmit a
    specific torque such that when the shaft is subjected to torsion, it should be able to resist the
    permanent deflection thus avoiding the failure.

    Torsion:

    When a machine member is subjected to the action of two equal and opposite couples acting in
    parallel planes (or torque or twisting moment), then the machine member is said to be
    subjected to torsion. The machine member can be a simple torsion bar, and axle or a
    transmission shaft used in machines or automobiles. The stress set up by torsion is known as
    torsional shear stress. It is zero at the centroidal axis and maximum at the outer surface.

    The torsion is explained in the Figure below:

    Fig. 1

    Angular Deformation:

    The degree to which an object bends about its center is termed as the angular deflection.
    Consider a circular shaft that is attached to a fixed support at one end (Fig. 2a). If a torque T is

    Department of Mechanical Engineering


    applied to the other end, the shaft will twist, with its free end rotating through an angle f called
    the angle of twist (Fig. 2b). Observation shows that, within a certain range of values of T, the
    angle of twist Øis proportional to T. It also shows that Ø is proportional to the length L of the
    shaft. In other words, the angle of twist for a shaft of the same material and same cross section,
    but twice as long, will be twice as large under the same torque T.

    Fig. 2

    The relationship between the torque, angular deflection, and other parameters of shaft is given
    below:

    ∅ = 𝑇𝐿
    𝐽𝐺

    Where,

    ∅ = angular deflection

    T = torque applied on the shaft

    L = length of shaft

    J = polar moment of inertia of cross section

    G = modulus of rigidity of material

    Hardware Used:

    Department of Mechanical Engineering


    Structural test frame, Torsion apparatus, Steel rod, Brass rod, Chuck keys, Vernier
    calipers, Steel rule.

    Procedure – Part 1 and Part 2:

    1. Place an assembled test frame on table.

    2. Place torsion apparatus on test frame with the help of two securing nuts.

    3. Make sure Digital Force Display is ON.

    4. Carefully zero the force meter using dial.

    5. With pencil and rule mark the rod and brass shaft with these distances.

    1. 15mm

    2. 515mm

    6. Wind the thumbwheel to its stop position.

    7. Insert rod into the chuck with rubber tipped side towards left chuck.

    8. Adjust the length of rod to 500mm.

    9. Set the force display and protector scale to zero.

    10. Take readings of angle every 1N of force. Take readings up to 5N of force.

    11. Convert load cell reading to torque by multiplying it to torque arm (.05m).

    12. Calculate the values of polar moment of inertia for both steel and brass rod.

    13. Repeat the setup procedure for brass rod and enter results in following table.

    Department of Mechanical Engineering


    Deliverables – Part 1:

    1. Take readings, note them on a separate page in a table given below and get checked
    from Lab Engineer

    Sr. # Length Torque Angular deflection Angular deflection

    (m) (Nm) ( o) ( o)

    (Exp.) (Theo.)

    1.

    2.

    Department of Mechanical Engineering


    3.

    4.

    5.

    6. Draw a graph between rod lengths versus angle of deflection for both rods.

    Deliverables – Part 2:

    1. Take readings, note them on a separate page in a table given below and get checked
    from Lab Engineer

    Diameter of steel or brass rod ________________________ mm

    Polar moment of inertia, J ________________________ * 10-12 m4

    Length, L 0.5 m

    Sr. # Torque Angular TL Jθ * 10-13 Shear Modulus


    deflection
    (N) (m4) (GPa)
    (radian)

    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.

    5.

    2. Draw a graph b/w TL versus Jθ for both rods and find out the slope of the graph.

    Department of Mechanical Engineering


    Relevant Chapter/Topic:

    Chapter # = 05

    Book Name = Machine design

    Author Name = R.S Khurmi and J.K Gupta

    Questions/Assignments:

    1. Comment on the shape of the graphs for both the cases?

    2. What is the relationship b/w torque and angle of deflection?

    3. Name at least three situations where torsional deflection is undesirable?

    4. Name at least one situation where torsional deflection is desirable?

    5. What the slope of the graphs will give us?

    6. Whose shear modulus is high and why (steel or brass)?

    Department of Mechanical Engineering


    Department of Mechanical Engineering

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