Answer:

Section 1: A tip for solving these type of questions

dy
 Py  Q
 For the differential equation in the form dx , its general solution
y  I.F .   Q  I.F . dx
can be obtained by using the relation .

 P dx
Here I.F . is the integrating factor, I.F .  e .

Section 2: Step-by-step answer

Given:
dy 4x 1
 2 y 0
The differential equation is
dx 
x 1 
x 1
2
2
  .

To Find: The general solution of the given differential equation.

Step 1:

Instruction Rearrange the given differential equation

dy 4x 1
 2 y 0
dx 
x 1 
x2 1
2
  .

Calculation dy 4x 1
 2 y 
dx 
x 1 
x 1
2 2
 

Step 2:

Instruction Compare the given differential equation with the general form
dy
 Py  Q
dx to obtain P and Q .
 Calculation 4x
P
 x2 1 
1
Q 
x 
2
2
1

Step 3:

Instruction  P dx
Calculate the integrating factor by using I.F .  e .

Calculation 4x
  x 2  1 dx
I.F .  e ……(i)

Step 4:

Instruction
Assume
x 2
1 t  and differentiate t w.r.t. x .

Calculation dt
2x 
dx
dt
dx 
2x

Step 5:

Instruction dt
Substitute 2 x for dx and
x2 1  
for t in equation (i).
Calculation 4 x dt
I.F .  e 

t 2x

2
et
dt

e
 
ln t 2

 t2 ……(ii)

Step 6:
 Instruction
Replace
x 2
1  for t in equation (ii).
Calculation
 
2
I.F .  x 2  1

Step 7:

Instruction  
 1 
 x  1 for I.F. and  x  1  for Q in the

 
2 2
2 2

Substitute
y  I.F .   Q  I.F . dx
expression to obtain the general solution
of the given differential equation.
Calculation  
1
    x 2  1 2 dx  
2
y x 1  
2
 x2 1 
 
2

 
  1 dx
 x  c ……(iii)

Step 8:

Instruction Rearrange the equation (iii) to obtain the general solution of the
given differential equation.
Calculation x c
y  
x  x 
2 2
2
1 2
1

Section 3: Final Answer

The general
solution of the given differential equation
dy 4x 1 x c
 2 y 0 y  
dx 
x 1 
x 1
2
2
  is given by

x 1
2
2
 x 1
2

2
 .