Mobile Gaming: It’s Effect of Academic Performance of Grade 12 (STEM) Learners of

Dangcagan Senior High School.

RIVERA, EARL REXSON EMANUELLE G.

Grade 11 STEM - Galileo

Submitted to:

Mrs. Maricar
Practical Research - 2 Adviser
DANGCAGAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

December 2019
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

A smartphone or mobile phone is a device that can basically make and receive calls over
a radio link while moving around a wide geographic area. (Pew Research Center, 2010). It does
so by connecting to a cellular network provided by a mobile phone operator, allowing access to
the public telephone network. The ancient types of Mobile phones support limited services such
as, calling, sending messages and very few for taking pictures. However, the modern phones
support very wide range variety of other services apart from making and receive calls. These
include; text messaging, MMS, e-mail, internet access, short range wireless communications
[(Infrared, Bluetooth, File Transfer Protocol, (FTP)], business applications, gaming and
photography.
Smartphone or mobile phone is one of the most rapidly growing new technologies in the
world (Rebello, 2010). In 2001, cell phone users were less than a billion worldwide with the
majority of the users from the developed countries. By the end of 2010, however, mobile phone
users had reached five billion worldwide with subscriptions from developing countries
outnumbering that of the developed countries. (Kelly, 2009; Rebello, 2010). Obviously, this
increase includes a sharp increase in the number of cell phones used by the younger generations.
This area of interest was chosen because of the unregulated usage and over dependent attitude on
these devices especially among our senior high school students. Interestingly, this is obviously
imperative as Geser & Junco (2006); and Merson & Salter (2010) had observed that the youth
have consistently displayed higher level of attachment to their mobile phones which could serve
as distractions to them because of the time channeled to the phones.
Today, students spend a considerable amount of time in using mobile technology both on
their personal and student life to the point that it is very hard for a regular student to be ‘offline’,
even just for one day. There are claims that this technology help improve the over-all
performance of students at school while others believe that the advancement of mobile
technology has negative effect on the student’s for intellectual output.
The academic performance of students is measured by the average of their grades on their
school subjects. Students’ learnings are quantified through various examinations and are
tabulated in percentile form. Higher percentile rating expresses good to excellent academic
performance. Otherwise, it yields a poor to average one.
Before the advancement of mobile and Internet technology, the main source of
knowledge and information were books. In the olden days, pupils have mastered the index card
catalog of their school libraries. Researches are made the long way by screening each page of
books, catalogues and magazines. Today, fewer and fewer students read each pages of books,
likewise far less went to libraries to research and gain knowledge. Some teachers and parents
believe that students today are far less resourceful as compare to previous generations. The
perception is that students today will stop learning without the Internet. On the other hand, the
generation of so called “Millennials” believe that the mobile technology is the heaven’s gift to
them.
 More specifically, it would be useful to know whether students’ academic performance is
improving or maintaining their grades. As the researchers will find new ideas on how to maintain
average or great academic performance while on the state of using mobile technology on couple
of hours. The areas of inquiry include positive and negative effects on students’ academic
performance.
However, in recent years, different types of smart phones or mobile phones have been
produced by different phone manufacturers. Each comes with different features for different/
specific function(s). We have different variety of mobile phones as named by their
manufacturers, they include, Nokia, Samsung, Motorola, Sagem, Sendo, Siemens,T-mobile,
Thuraya, Vodafone, Sony Ericsson, Bluebird, Alcatel, Blackberry, Oppo, Vivo, Iphone, and so
on. We now have those that can make video calling, ping, take clearer pictures/photographs, surf
the internet and lots more. They are also built/ installed in/ with different capacities, mode of
operation and features/applications. For example, 17mega Pixel phones normally will produce
clearer pictures/photographs, Skype is an application for video calling, Blackberry and other
android enabled devices can ping. Some are android enabled; examples are, HTC, Tecno, and so
on which are basically the latest of all kinds of mobile phones widely used by both young and
old, especially among students (Olanrewaju, 2015).
In the light of the foregoing discussion, the researchers propose this research on “The
Impact Of Smartphone Or Mobile Phone Usage On The Academic Performance Of Selected
Senior High School Students Of Sapphire International Aviation Academy – Parañaque
Campus”.

Statement of the Problem

This study was conducted to investigate all aspects of the effect of mobile technology of
Grade 11-STEM students at AMA computer college Lipa.
To understand on how to improve the level of academic performance, it is necessary to
get inputs from the students. This poses a need for a deeper understanding on the effect of mobile
technology to the level of academic performance particularly with the students of STEM track at
senior high school. As such, this research aims to answer the following problems;
1. What is the demographic profile of STEM students in terms of:
1.1. Age
1.2. Gender

2. What are the mobile technology activities with respect to:

2.1 Section
2.2 Age

3. How much time do you spend time on mobile technology in terms of:
3.1 Education
3.2 Gaming
3.3 Entertainment
 3.4 Social Media

4. What are the effects of mobile technology to academic performance of the students?

Theoretical Framework

This study focused mainly in the effects of mobile technology on STEM students in their
academic performance. The researchers’ desire is to have a definite answer upon the effect of
mobile technology usage.

Theory on Classroom Management

As Fredrick Jones (2000), stated “There are methods which requires the teacher’s help in
students to learn and develop self-control.” Learning self-control empowers students and
prepares them for what future may hold. Self-control can emerge them in being independent on
things they can do, and not rely on others or any equipment that provides convenience.

Impact of Technology on Education Theory

As Vit Docekal (2015) stated, this new possibilities for using technology which focus on
the risk in applied curriculum. The development is bound up in two ways: First, it creates a need
for training. Second, to integrate by opening possibilities that allow one to increases the
effectiveness of educational activity.

Hypothesis

This study aimed to test the operational and null hypothesis of the following:
● Mobile technology has no significant effect to academic performance.
● There is no respondents that uses mobile technology for recreational purposes i.e. gaming
● There is a significant correlation between mobile technology usage and academic
performance.
● There is no significant effect of mobile technology to academic performance with respect
to gender, age, and section.

Objective of the Study

Significance of the Study

This study enables to understand the effect to academic performance of mobile

technology usage to the Grade11 STEM students at AMA Computer College Lipa. As such, the
following will benefit from this research:

To the Grade 11 STEM Students of AMACC Lipa, the outcome of this study provides the
respondents regarding the usage of mobile technology and its effects on academic performance.
 To the AMACC Lipa Teachers, this study serves as guide for their teaching method. It is
an interpersonal guide, serves as window for them to observe and study the students’ behavior.

To the AMACC Lipa Campus, the result of this study will help them to have a wide
understanding of mobile technology usage and its effect on academic performance of their
student. From here, they can give the appropriate guide for their student in life learning.

To the Future Researchers, the methodology and structure of this research may be used
by succeeding researchers as a viable framework for further investigation in relation to mobile
technology with intellectual achievements or pursuits.

Scope and Delimitation

This study is focused on mobile technology usage and effect on academic performance.
The scopes of the study are the perspective of mobile technology usage and its effect on
academic performance from grade 11 stem students of AMA Computer College Lipa School
year 2018-2019. This research is a quantitative. With the total of 50 respondents. In this study
will know the different perspectives of people about mobile technology usage and related to
academic performance of the respondents. This study is limited for mobile technology while
laptops and other gadgets are not included.

Definition of Terms

ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE – refers to the student’s task which may be affected by the
usage of mobile technology. It is the dependent variable.

EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH – It is the type of research which is applied.

MOBILE TECHNOLOGY – It is a form of equipment that is used by students. It is the

independent variable

SMARTPHONE - It is the representation of mobile technology in this research.

SOCIAL MEDIA – A wide society where most students spend their time.

STEM STUDENTS – students that enter the field of (STEM) Science, Technology, Engineering,
and Mathematics. They are the respondents of this research.
 CHAPTER II

Review of Related Literature

Related Literature

FOREIGN
According to (ESI) European Scientific Institute, mobile phone can take control over the
students and affects their level of academic performances. Mobile phones can manipulate the
students’ intellectual self. It can be very distracting from more important events in a child’s life
such as studying, doing homework, or even crossing the street.
As stated by Daniel Adeboye (2016), one student stated that the mobile technology
"helps research and allows for quick and easy feedback from supervisors". About 95% of the
students agree that there will be faster communication with lecturers and colleagues with the use
of mobile devices. Still, other students speak about the ease and comfort of having all course
materials in a little device. But this technology should and achieve its proper benefits.
Technology must helping students to be more effective in their work. In proportion to
Lineweaver (2014), Many students indicate that they know they will perform worse
academically if they text during a lecture. Texting is the distraction between the contact of
learning and teaching. Students foreshadow that their doings will be brought by fate in what it is
destined for.
Officially expressed by Patterson (2017), students who did not use mobile technology
while studying for more than two hours had an average exam score of 76.44%. Less distraction
and more focused on task will result on job well done. Concentration and hardworking will
derived to success that you deserved.
In this field, as stated by Vandana et al, (2016) showed that adolescent is more inclined
towards using mobile phones for activities than communication. The fame of the smartphones is
followed by an alarm towards the detrimental effects such as fatigue, headache, decreased
concentration and local irritation
Another study, this time from Florida State University (2016), says that smartphones
notifications can impair our concentration, even being short in duration they cause enough of a
distraction to affect your ability to focus on a given task, decreasing your performance by
prompting task-irrelevant thoughts and mind-wandering.
As stated by the reporter Yan (2017), Today’s mobile technologies have become a very
unique and powerful influence on child and adolescent development, Its use is very personal for
children and adolescents, occurs almost anywhere and anytime.
In the research of Hanson (2016), although students want to make academics a priority,
they have a difficult time balancing their school life with their need for financial and social
support. It was found that students focus more on updating their Facebook status than
downloading their homework assignments.

Brubaker (2015), the current generation of college students has been exposed to a
technology which led them to rely on social media such as Facebook and Twitter. It has an
impact on the academic performance when students overuse or multitask while doing their
school work.
According to an Anonymous discussion (2014), the use of technology such as internet is
one of the most important factors that an influence educational performance of students
positively or adversely.

LOCAL
Rodriguez conclude in her journal (2014), Teachers learned how to use the technology
and to implement the lesson plans, with the encouragement and support of their formally trained
colleagues and school principals.
From the experience of SEAMEO INNOTECH (2014), indeed bears witness to the
boundless possibilities of integrating technology as an important component of teaching and
learning. It is important to promote teacher-development of projects or plans where teachers can
apply technology to meet particular instructional and student needs identified within such
projects and plans.
As stated by text2teach (2014), There is need for teacher involvement to produce
commitment to sustain integration of technology into teaching.
Tiglao (2014) stated that the approach to implement technology emphasizes instructional
and student needs first, then through planning, integrates technology in ways and enhance and
extend instructional and learning opportunities.
According to Trinidad (2014), It is important to remember that technology requires
administrative and community support and involvement that are critical to its successful
integration in education. Studies constantly show that the commitment and interest of teachers
and school heads is the most critical factor for successful implementation of any school
innovation, especially technology.
Pasagui (2017) stated that researchers all over the world have varies findings on the
effects of these forms of media on the academic performance of students. Those students who
used the media wisely, their academic performance improved. However, those who failed to
regulate their use of these social networking tools negatively affected their studies which
oftentimes led to their addicted use. In general, media positively affected their academic
performance. Hence, the University must implement policies and projects designed for more
easy access of the students to the Facebook network site in the school campus.
According to Cantos (2015), Student advising is an essential component of a successful
academic experience. Academic advisors are exposed to a variety of opportunities,
enhancements, problems, and choices as technology becomes more prevalent in university
campuses.

As Rabago (2015) said, The workability of developing a mobile web – based students an
essay and speedy access through internet technology and use of mobile phones to a range of
handy and important information about their school activities, program curriculum, enlistment
and grades.
As claimed by Tanguilig (2015), An expert system was used as an intelligent computer
systems technology to support the academic advising process offers many advantages over the
traditional student advising. Student advising is an important and time-consuming effort in
academic life.
In recent study, Learner characteristics such as age, previous experience, gender,
interaction with instructors, use of technology, online communication were identifies as
contributing factors to improvement to learning.

FOREIGN
Conforming to an anonymous researcher (2015), an increasing reliance on cellphones
among young adults and college students may signal the evolution of cell-phone use from a habit
to an addiction. Although the concept of addiction has multiple definitions, traditionally it has
been described as the repeated use of a substance despite the negative consequences suffered by
the addicted individual. In this case, students will abandon their academic performance as well as
going to school.
Relation to Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)
(2015), the use of the Internet has become a part of life of every student and a mean to search for
the information as and when it is needed. These days, use of mobile phones for internet purposes
has become a routine and number of mobile consumer accessing the Internet is surpassing fixed
line internet users. The Smartphone with the capability of always connected makes it much
easier for the students to avail this type of education facility and makes the Smartphone a perfect
fit device for distance learning. Students also get an additional knowledge upon focusing on their
mobile phones searching for information. Every time that students search for the information
they need, also discovers something new.
As Patterson (2017) said, students who use mobile technology while studying in less than
two hours had an average exam score of 68.48%. Prior to the exam, students were optimistic
about their ability to multitask while studying for an exam, but the exam scores revealed the
effects of multitasking while studying.
A research was conducted by Tuckman (2015) Only 26% of students reported that Social
Networking Services (SNS) impacted positively and helped to grow in their lives and 74% said
that it had adverse impact like procrastination, lack of concentration or distraction and poor time
management.
 As Grosseck et al (2015) express in their study found that the majority of students spend
significant time on Facebook more for social uses (to stay in touch with friends and family, to
share / tag photos, to engage in social activism, volunteering etc.) and less for academic
purposes, even if they take part in discussions about their assignments, lectures, study notes or
share information about research resources etc.
Also, in a study for Emily Drago (2015) she concluded that field observation provided
evidence that the rapid expansion of technology is negatively affecting face to face
communication. Majority of individuals felt the quality of their conversations degraded in the
presence of technology. Many were bothered when others are using technology while spending
time together.
Additionally, Brooks (2015) indicated that personal social media usage leads to negative
effects, both on efficiently and well-being. Social media usage may lead to lower task
performance, increased techno-stress, and lower happiness.
Akinwale (2017) stated that, The current study specifically examined changes in
students’ perceptions of learning, interest in learning and academic motivation when
incorporating mobile devices into classroom instruction. Yet, the current study found no effect of
mobile learning on higher academic achievement in this sample.
According to Alfawareh and Jusoh (2014), It was found that smartphones have been not
fully utilized by university students for learning purposes. It acknowledges smartphone’s
disruptive effects of texting on students learning
As claimed by Nworie an Houghton (2016), the issue of unintended consequences
of technology is crucial because they can cause disruption or distraction in the classroom. The
intended use of technology in the classroom is to facilitate instructions and learning. Students are
known to use technology in the classroom to create distraction from learning and cause
disruption into classroom. There are various ways in which students use technology in the
classroom for a purpose other than the learning activity.
 CHAPTER III

Research Methodology

Research Design
This research is a quantitative approach. Is a formal, objective, and systematic
process to describe and test relationships and examine the cause and effect interactions
among the variables.
The objective of this study is to assess the effects of mobile technology usage to
academic performance at AMACC STEM students. Hence the study used a multiple
choice and recognition type method as the research design. Generally this study used a
quantitative approach.
The study focuses on the present situation of where mobile technology stands on
students' academic performance.
The researchers will use a questionnaire research design to identify the views of
respondents and the relationship of mobile technology and its effect on the student’s
academic performance.

Research Locale
This study was conducted at Dangcagan National High School, Bukidnon. Located at the
Municipality of Dangcagan, Purok-1B, Poblacion Dangcagan, Bukidnon, 8719, Region X,
Philippines.

Participants of the Study

Sampling Procedure
This study was conducted at AMA CC Lipa Grade 11 STEM Students of School Year
2018-2019.

Research Instrument