EXERCISES

CHAPTER 1
Q Questions Answer

1 Calculate mean, median, and standard deviation and construct a stem and leaf diagram for the
following list of values:
2.1, 3.5, 2.7, 5.4, 8.6, 4.3, 6.2, 9.9, 7.6
(i) Mean = 50.3/9=5.59
(ii) Median = 5.4
(iii) Standard deviation = ?

2
S6 2 Calculate the variance and standard deviation of the set of values 3, 6, 7, 8, 11 and 13. σ =10.67
σ=3.27
3 Calculate the mean, median, mode, and range for the following list of values
8, 9, 10, 10, 10, 11, 11, 11, 12, 13

The mean is
(8 + 9 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 11 + 11 + 11 + 12 + 13) ÷ 10 = 105 ÷ 10 = 10.5
The median is the middle value. In a list of ten values, that will be the (10 + 1) ÷ 2 = 5.5-th value.
The fifth and sixth numbers are the last 10 and the first 11, so:
(10 + 11) ÷ 2 = 21 ÷ 2 = 10.5
The mode is the number repeated most often. This list has two values that are repeated three
times; namely, 10 and 11, each repeated three times.
The largest value is 13 and the smallest is 8, so the range is 13 – 8 = 5.

4 Determine mean, median, mode, variance and standard deviation for the data given; 1.9, 2, 3,
a) {2 3 3 1.5 0} 1.24,
mean = (2+3+3+1.5+0)/5 1.9 1.1136)
median = arrange (0, 1.5,2,3,3) (n+1)/2=3
ANSWER:
mode = 3
5, 6, 3&9,
variance x-xbar (x-xbar)^2
64.33,
0.100 0.010
8.02)
1.100 1.210
1.100 1.210
-0.400 0.160
-1.900 3.610
6.190
varianve 1.238
s.dev 1.113
b) {10 9 3 3 9 16}
ean = 5
variance x-xbar (x-xbar)^2
-15 225
4 16
-2 4
-2 4
4 16
11 121
386
s^2 64.33
s 8.02
5 40 concrete cubes were subjected to failure tests in a crushing machine. Failure loads were as
follows :
Load 30.6 30.8 31.0 31.2 31.4 31.6
x,(kN)
f 2 8 14 10 4 2

Calculate, mean, median, mode, variance, standard deviation.

6 Determine mean, median, mode, variance and standard ( Answer:

23, 22, 19,
18 18 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 , 46.12)
21 21 22 22 23 23 24 25 25
26 26 27 27 30 31
7 220 students were asked about the number of hours per week they spent driving a car. With the
information given in Table 1, calculate the mean, variance and standard deviation of the hours
spent driving a car by the 220 students.

TABLE 1: Number of hours per week spent driving a car

Hours spent driving a car Number of students

10 to 14 2
15 to 19 12
20 to 24 23
25 to 29 60
30 to 34 77
35 to 39 38
40 to 44 8

Answer:
8 Determine mean, median, mode, variance and standard deviation using method of frequency
distribution;
Gap m
30-32 31
27-29 28
24-26 25
21-23 22
18-20 19

2
Gap x f xf ( ̅ ( ̅ ̅
30-32 31 2 62 8.25 68.06 136.13
27-29 28 2 56 5.25 27.56 55.13
24-26 25 5 125 2.25 5.06 25.31
21-23 22 6 132 -0.75 0.56 3.38
18-20 19 9 171 -3.75 14.06 126.56
24 546 346.50
mean 22.75 14.44
3.80

9 Determine Q1, Q2 and Q3 for the sample data given;

25 41 27 32 43 66 35 31 15 5
34 26 32 38 16 20 38 30 30 21
10 Table 1 shows weekly income for household are given in frequency distribution data. ANSWER:
Determine Q1, Q2 and Q3 for the data given; RM 207,
RM 249,
Income (RM) frequency RM 279
125-149 1
150-174 3
175-199 10
200-224 8
225-249 11
250-274 14
265-299 12
300-324 5
325-349 2

11 The speed (in km/h) of 60 random vehicles were collected along Persiaran Tun Ghafar Baba in
th
UTHM. The data was then presented in the following Table Q2(a). Calculate the 85 percentile
speed (P85).

Table Q2(a): Speed of vehicles along Persiaran Tun Ghafar Baba

Speed 20 – 29 30 – 39 40 – 49 50 – 59 60 – 69
Frequency 5 8 19 15 13

Speed 20 – 29 30 – 39 40 – 49 50 – 59 60 – 69
Frequency 5 8 19 15 13
Lower
19.5 29.5 39.5 49.5 59.5
boundary
Cumulative
5 13 32 47 60
Frequency

th
 The 85 percentile lies in 60 – 69 speed class
( ) ( )
12 The following data are inter green time (s) for intersection in Batu Pahat city:

18, 34, 76, 29, 15, 41, 46, 25, 54, 38, 20, 32, 43, 22
Summarize the data in a box-and-whiskers plot and interpret this value.

Answer:
15, 18, 20, 22, 25, 29, 32,| 34, 38, 41, 43, 46, 54, 76
Min = 15
Max = 76
Q1 = 22
Q2 = 33
Q3 = 43
IQR = Q3-Q1 = 43-22=21
[Q1-1.5IQR, Q3+1.5IQR]
[22-1.5(21), 43+1.5(21)]=[-9.5, 74.5]
76 is outliers

13 Draw box plot using the data given. ( ANSWER:

)
25 41 27 32 43 66 35 31 15 5
34 26 32 38 16 20 38 30 30 21

 Draw stem-leaf plot

Answer:
S5 14 The Resilient modulus asphaltic concrete sample (in Mpa) were determined from indirect tensile
test are given as follows:

210 209 212 208 202 218 200 214 218 210
217 207 210 203 215 221 213 210 199 208

 Draw stem-leaf plot using the data given.

The stem-and-leaf diagram shows the construction period (in weeks) of several infrastructure
projects in Yong Peng:
Stem Leaf

3 2789
4 2569
5 2345688
6 255
7 15
(i) Determine the median, first quartile and third quartile.

There are 20 observations.

r = ½ (20) = 10
th th
Median, Q2 = between 10 and 11 observation = (53 + 54) / 2 = 53.5
r = ¼ (20) = 5
th th
Q1 = between 5 and 6 observation = (42 + 45) / 2 = 43.5
r = ¾ (20) = 15
th th
Q3 = between 15 and 16 observation = (58 + 62) / 2 = 60

(ii) Construct a box-and-whisker plot.

Q1 = 43.5, Q2 = 53.5, Q3 = 60
Min. = 32
Max. = 75
Box-and-whisker plot:
 EQUATIONS

Mean and Variance of Ungrouped Data

∑
̅ ∑ ̅

Mean, Mode, Median, Quartile, Percentile, Decile and Variance of Grouped Data

∑
̅ ∑
∑ ∑ ( )
∑
∑

( )
( ) ( )

( )

Box and Whisker Plot

Probability
Probability Distribution of Discreet Random Variable

∑ ∑

∑ [ ] ∑

Binomial Probability Distribution ( )

Poisson Probability Distribution

Normal Probability Distribution

 Central Limit Theorem

̅
̅ ̅
√ ( )
√

∑
∑ √ [ ]

Difference Between Two Means

̅ ̅

̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅
√

Confidence Interval

̅
̅ ̅
√ √ ⁄
√

√ √ ̅ √
√

̅ ̅
̅ ̅
( )
̅ ̅
(√ )
̅ ̅
( ) ( )

One-Sample Hypothesis Testing (z-Test and t-Test)

̅ ̅ ̅
⁄ ⁄ ⁄
√ √ √

Two-Sample Hypothesis Testing (z-Test and t-Test)

̅ ̅ ̅ ̅

√ √

Simple Linear Regression

 ∑ ∑
̂

∑ ∑ ∑ ∑ ∑ ∑
∑ ∑ √[ ∑ ∑ ][ ∑ ∑ ]

∑ ∑ ∑
√

F-Test

One Way ANOVA Test

∑ ∑
∑ ∑( )

Chi-Square Test

Chi-Square Goodness of Fit Test

∑[ ]

Chi-Square Contingency Table Analysis

∑[ ]

Mann-Whitney Test
 √

Mann-Whitney U Test