Fabrication of Thermal Insulating Fitting Covers For NPS Piping, and Vessel Lagging

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--`,```,,,,,`,``,,,,`,,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- Designation: C 450 – 02

Standard Practice for


Fabrication of Thermal Insulating Fitting Covers for NPS
Piping, and Vessel Lagging1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 450; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope thermal insulation in advance of field application. Forming


1.1 This practice provides tables of dimensions of pre- may be done by cutting, grinding, milling, or molding, depend-
formed insulation that may be used in fabricating covers for ing upon the method most suitable for the thermal insulation
use on valves, ells, tees, flanges, and vessels in the pressure being fabricated. It is equally applicable for all temperature
range from 150 to 1500 psi (1 to 10 MPa). These tables, which ranges.
are part of this standard, are published separately as the ASTM 4. Apparatus
Recommended Dimensional Standards for Fabrication of Ther-
mal Insulation Fitting Covers for NPS Piping, and Vessel 4.1 Thermal insulation can be formed into shapes by nu-
Lagging. The tables provide dimensions for use in forming merous methods. In general, insulations may be cut by circular
pipe fitting covers for NPS pipe operating at high temperature or band saws, shaped by grinders or millers, or molded. Each
and low temperature. The tables also include dimensions for method has certain advantages and disadvantages, depending
use in forming thermal insulation into curved segments, and upon the material to be formed, number of cuts required,
lagging, for application on vessels. This practice does not apply material waste permissible, and quantity of fittings being
to reflective-type insulation. produced. Adhesives and fabrication cements can be applied
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the from dip pots, rollers, doctor blades, brush, or trowel, depend-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the ing upon the materials being used. For these reasons, although
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- standardized equipment may be devised for certain forming
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- functions, no completely standardized equipment recommen-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. dation can be suggested.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded 5. Basis of Design
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided
for information purposes only. 5.1 All dimensions presented are based on the use of pipe
insulation manufactured to Practice C 585 and to the Basic
2. Referenced Documents Dimensional Standards for Pipe Insulation as given in Tables 1
2.1 ASTM Standards: and Tables 2 of the ASTM Recommended Dimensional Stan-
C 585 Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of Rigid dards for Prefabrication and Field Fabrication of Thermal
Thermal Insulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and Tubing Insulation Fitting Covers for NPS Piping, and Vessel Lagging.3
(NPS System)2 5.2 The tables provide dimensions for insulation fitting
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts: covers for installation on nominal pipe size (NPS) pipe
ADJC0450 Recommended Dimensional Standards for Fab- operating at high and low temperatures.
rication of Thermal Insulating Fitting Covers for NPS 5.3 Dimensions presented for cutting beveled blocks from
Piping and Vessel Lagging3 preformed thermal insulation (lags) are based on blocks 6 in.
(152 mm) wide by the thickness required.
3. Significance and Use 5.4 Dimensions given for flanged pairs, flanged fittings, and
3.1 This system of dimensions provides a guide for forming flanged valves do not allow for flange bolt removal. When bolt
removal is required, the covering length over the flange shall
be increased as specified by the purchaser.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal
Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.20 on Homogeneous 6. Fabrication
Inorganic Thermal Insulations.
Current edition approved July 10, 2002. Published November 2002. Originally 6.1 The main body of the insulation fitting may be cut from
published as C 450 – 60 T. Last previous edition C 450 – 99e1. standard pipe size pipe covering of the proper size and same
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.06. thickness tolerance as the pipe insulation.
3
Available at a nominal cost from ASTM Headquarters. Order Adjunct:
ADJC0450. 6.2 Where two insulations of different temperature ratings

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C 450 – 02
are required, each should be placed in its proper location in the material properties, and resultant material waste. Fabrication
fitting in double layer construction. may be by sawing, grinding, routing, or combination thereof.
6.3 Where only one insulation is required, and it can be Grinding and routing are generally limited to fabrication of
obtained in sufficient thickness, multiple layers as indicated are block or board into threaded and socketwelded fittings, such as
not essential. elbows and tees. Selection of fabrication method should
6.4 Flat block, cut to proper curvature, may be used in place consider any resulting reduction in material physical proper-
of preformed pipe insulation. The user should be informed ties.
when supplying a fabricated product instead of a molded or 8.2 Equipment is commonly improvised, as grinders for
preformed pipe insulation, there may result differences in fabrication of insulation are not commercially available. The
thermal or mechanical performance characteristics of the end most essential piece of equipment is a band saw. Almost any
product. band saw that can be set at the proper blade speed and has a
6.5 Any method of forming may be used if the resulting minimum cutting depth of 22 in. (559 mm) can be used.
fitting conforms to inside and outside dimensions listed. Essential details are as follows:
6.6 Where the body of the flange cover extends over 8.2.1 Cutting Blade Speeds—The proper speed of the band
adjacent pipe insulation, the portion of the cover can be made saw blade for cellular glass is approximately 1040 ft/min (317
by using the pipe insulation as the body and adding an insert m/min). Calcium silicates and perlite silicate insulation may be
collar. It can also be done by adding an insert or section, cut at a speed of 1040 ft/min (317 m/min), but somewhat
commonly called a “dutchman,” made of block. higher speeds will also work satisfactorily.
6.7 Valves manufactured by various companies for the same 8.2.2 Blades for Cutting Cellular Glass—Band saw blades
pressure and nominal pipe size may not have like bonnet should be 1 in. (25 mm) wide by 0.035 in. (0.9 mm) thick,
dimensions, nor height of bonnet flange above centerline of flexible-back, three-pitch, raker-tooth blades. These blades
valve. Because of this, the valve insulation is designed to fit the have special teeth designated as “P.A.”
largest valve of a size, type, and pressure. In some instances, 8.2.3 Blades for Cutting Calcium Silicate or Perlite Silicate
additional insulation may be required to fill or build up the Fiber Insulation—Blades should be 1⁄2 in. (13 mm) wide by
insulation for proper fitting around the bonnet. In other 0.035 in. (0.9 mm) thick, skip-tooth blades, 5 teeth/in.
instances it may be necessary to cut back insulation around the 8.2.4 Abrasives for Grinders—Grinders are sometimes used
bonnet to provide access to the packing gland. Cutout for hand to form insulation into various shapes. This can be done by
wheel assembly and packing gland should be done at time of hand or machine, by coating a tool (wood or steel) with an
application. abrasive consisting of grit in glue. The recommended grit sizes
are No. 16 and No. 24. The finer grit is used for power-driven
7. Assembly and Tolerances
equipment, and the heavier grit for hand-powered equipment.
7.1 All formed pieces should fit tightly together so that both
sides and length of the insulation joint can close within a 9. Field Application Sequence
maximum of 1⁄16 in. (1.6 mm).
9.1 Insulation coverings for welded or screwed fittings
7.2 Low-temperature pipe insulation fabricated from block
should be applied before the pipe insulation.
or board stock should contain no more than four cemented
9.2 Pipe insulation should be installed up to all flanges,
“through” joints per full section of insulation, excluding the
flanged fittings, and flanged valves. Provide sufficient space for
half section mating plane.
future bolt removal where required.
7.3 Finished pieces should be identified by tags, attached
9.3 Covers for flanges, flanged fittings, and flanged valves
strip, etc. for ease of field installation.
should be installed so as to extend, not less than specified
7.4 The inner and outer surface of vessel insulation sections
thickness, over adjacent pipe insulation or minimum 2 in.
should be concentric with the outer surface. The deviation from
(50mm).
concentricity should not exceed 3⁄16 in. (5 mm).
9.4 Where required, junction of pipe insulation and flanged
7.5 Cements to be used in the fabrication of fitting covers
fittings covers can, by use of nonsetting cements, sealents or
must be specified for each insulation material by the manufac-
other methods, be used as an expansion or contraction joint.
turer of the insulating material.
8. Insulation Fabrication Shop Requirements 10. Keywords
8.1 Insulation can be shop fabricated by several methods. 10.1 thermal insulating materials; thermal insulating
Each method has certain advantages and disadvantages, de- materials—fabrication; thermal insulating materials—fittings;
pending on the number of pieces to be cut, cuts required, thermal insulating materials—pipe

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Copyright ASTM International 2 Document provided by IHS Licensee=Aramco HQ/9980755100, 02/21/2005 21:24:00 MST
Reproduced by IHS under license with ASTM Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document Policy Group
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C 450 – 02

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Reproduced by IHS under license with ASTM Questions or comments about this message: please call the Document Policy Group
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