State Schools: in The UK, Children Aged Five To 16 Are Allowed To Attend

 Diplomas: Two year diploma courses, i.e.
Higher National Diploma or

Diploma of Higher Education are offered by Higher Education institutions in
the UK.
 Bachelor degrees: Three year bachelor degrees are offered leading to
Bachelor of Science/Engineering or Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of
Education.
 Foundation degrees: Some colleges and universities run special foundation
courses, commonly known as 'Year 0' programs, aimed at students who want
to enter specific subject areas such as science and engineering, but do not
hold the pertinent entry qualifications.
 Post-graduate degrees: This includes Master’s degree. Master's degrees
last from one year to four year. The MBA-Master of Business
Administration is the world's most popular postgraduate degree, and the
highest number of MBAs turns out from the UK. Another type of master's
degree is the MRes- Master in Research which is designed to prepare
students for doctoral research.
 Doctoral degrees: A doctorate is the highest qualification usually taking
three to four years to finish. Intake for the doctoral degree is normally from
those with a very good first degree or more commonly from those with a
master's degree.
In the UK, the standard academic year starts in September or October and runs
until June or July. Often universities follow three term pattern in a year, beginning
in September / October, January and May. There are some universities that follow
the concept of two "semesters" a year, beginning in September / October and
January. Majority of the courses begin in the autumn months in the UK
universities.
The Education system in the UK is distributed over four main categories
 primary education (primary schools)
 secondary education (secondary schools)
 further education
 higher education
 State Schools: In the UK, children aged five to 16 are allowed to attend
state schools at free-of-charge. State schools are maintained and financed either by
the government or by a local education authority.
 Independent Schools: These are private or public schools and mostly
funded privately from fees charged to students parents.
 Home Schooling or Home Education: Children aged 4- to 16-year are
schooled at home, taught by their parents or tutors.
Primary Education
Primary education in the UK lasts for six year and starts at age 5 and continues
until age 11. Primary education emphasizes on group and creative activities.
Primary education lays groundwork for future education and learning.
Secondary Education
From age 11 to 16, students will get into secondary school and proceed towards
taking the GCSE's.
From the age of 11-14, students will study a wide range of subjects such as Music,
Maths, Sciences, English, and so on. When they reach 14, they enter the inaugural
year of the GCSE. GCSE is about 2 years and marks the end of the compulsory
education in the UK. Once the students have finished their GCSE's, then they have
the option to either move into further education or face the employment.
Boarding Schools
A boarding school is a residential school where students live and study during the
school year. Boarding schools offer a wide range of internationally-recognised
qualifications in a variety of subjects, such as mathematics, history, geography,
Information Technology, physics, literature and foreign languages. There are two
types of boarding schools in the UK: Independent boarding schools and State
boarding schools.
Independent Boarding Schools: Such schools charge tuition and boarding fee.
Students from all nationalities can apply to independent boarding schools.
State Boarding Schools: In such schools, the tuition fee is free, but boarding
accommodation charges are being borne by the students. UK and European
Economic Area students can apply for state boarding schools.
Further Education
The further education in the United Kingdom is imparted through Further

Education (FE) Colleges and Community Colleges (CC/CCs). The certificates
awarded through an FE or CC or recognized worldwide to enter in study
programmes or apply for jobs. It consists of the following qualifications:
Technical Qualifications: This qualification is for 16 years old who have a clear
idea about the field or occupation they want to pursue. This path provides the
skills, training and qualifications one needs to enter and succeed in the chosen
career. It equips students with a specialist knowledge they need for a specific
occupation.
Applied General Qualification: Students aged 16-years- who wish to continue

their education by learning about a vocational area rather than a single occupation,
for example applied science, business or sport can opt for Applied General
qualification.
Higher Education in the UK
Students aged 17 and above can opt for Higher Education. They should have
already attained further education qualifications, such as A-levels, the International
Baccalaureate (IB), or an equivalent qualification from the UK or another country
to sit for Higher Education. UK proposes an immense variety of higher education
opportunities. UK higher education qualifications include diploma, bachelors,
foundation and post-graduate degrees. Most higher education courses have
modular structure, i.e. you can make a personalized course by choosing modules or
units of study from different subject areas.
A-level
A uniquely British high school programme for those entering universities. A-

Level involves studying 2-4 specialized disciplines at the choice of students. Based
on the results of training, students take exams, which are later accepted for
admission to the universities in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. A-Levels are
equivalent to Highers or Advanced Highers in Scotland. Like IB, A-Level
qualification provides access to many universities worldwide, although it is
considered less universal.
Vocational education in the country covers all courses following secondary

education but not being part of higher education. They are implemented by two
types of colleges: (general) FE colleges and Sixth form colleges. Programmes are
designed for applicants aged over 16 who want to gain practical skills and direct
access to employment. According to statistics, most of the certificates are awarded
in the following subject areas: Health, Arts, Media, Business, Law, Information
and Communication Technology, Retail, Tourism, Engineering[5]. FE is also a
means to progress into the first stage of higher education - undergraduate.
Another type of FE qualifications is Apprenticeship. In fact, this is an internship, in
which most of the training takes place directly at the workplace - a minimum of 30
hours per week and 30 weeks per year. A student, called apprentice, earns a wage,
gets holiday pay and only occasionally (20% of the programme duration) attends
classes at a college or university. Higher / degree apprenticeships are equivalent to
the bachelor’s or master’s academic degrees. GCSE / A-Level exams or an
advanced apprenticeship may be required for admission.
The advantage of doing an apprenticeship is the fact that tuition fees are fully
covered by the government and the employer. However, it is not so easy for non-
EU foreign students to use this opportunity, as this will require them to obtain a
work visa. Levels of internships, entry requirements, standards, and their
regulatory bodies vary by a constituent country[6]. For more details, contact
education providers or employers directly.
In England, Wales and Northern Ireland, almost all undergraduate programmes

take 3 years (with the exception of medicine and architecture), since basic
knowledge taught in the first year of European and American universities is given
to British students within preparatory courses. In Scotland, obtaining an ordinary
degree also takes 3 years, but students who wish to receive an honours degree stay
at the university for another year, after which they write their final thesis. It is
believed that the latter option involves more in-depth and specialized training.
The following types of master's level qualifications can be distinguished:
 Academic master's degrees offer in-depth study of a certain topic within a

subject usually related to student’s undergraduate experience.
 Professional master's degrees are highly vocational, with narrow
specialization. Students acquire skills necessary for particular careers, often
with subsequent employment.
Academic Master’s can be:
 Taught degrees are more structured, following a set timetable of lectures,
seminars, workshops, time for independent work and writing a thesis.
 Research degrees are more independent, almost without scheduled
classes. A student focuses on one or more research projects receiving
guidance from an expert supervisor.
Doctorate in the UK - Postgraduate
A doctoral degree (PhD, DPhil) is the third and final stage in the UK higher
education system. There are PhD programmes in all subjects. Most of them take 3
years, during which students engage in carrying out their own research, work with
a supervisor, publish their works in academic journals, participate in academic
conferences, and sometimes teach at the undergraduate level. At the final stage,
they write up a thesis, submit it as a dissertation and defenв it as part of an oral
viva voce exam. In some cases (New Route PhD scheme, Wellcome Trust Four
year PhD scheme) doctoral programmes incorporate a number of taught courses,
increasing the duration of study to 4 years.

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 Diplomas: Two year diploma courses, i.e.

Higher National Diploma or

The further education in the United Kingdom is imparted through Further

Applied General Qualification: Students aged 16-years- who wish to continue

Higher Education in the UK

A uniquely British high school programme for those entering universities. A-

Vocational education in the country covers all courses following secondary

In England, Wales and Northern Ireland, almost all undergraduate programmes

The following types of master's level qualifications can be distinguished:

 Academic master's degrees offer in-depth study of a certain topic within a

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