Crystallisationo 030025 MBP

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Butter

Ingredients
Butter is defined as “the food product … which is made exclusively from milk or cream, or
both, with or without common salt, and with or without additional coloring matter, and
containing not less than 80% by weight of milkfat, all tolerances having been allowed for.”

Composition of Butter Ingredients (%)


Butter Product Moisture Fat Protein Lactose Ash
Butter 16.0 >80.0 0.85 0.06 2.11
Anhydrous Milkfat <0.1 >99.8 0.0 0.0 0.0
Butteroil <0.2 >99.5 0.3 0.0 0.0
Butter Powder <4.0 72.0 11.0 15.0 2.5

Butter Varieties
Whipped butter is regularly 80% salted or unsalted butter that has air or nitrogen gas
whipped into it, resulting in a product with greater volume, reduced density and improved
spreadability at colder temperatures.

Cultured butter is made from pasteurized cream that has been inoculated with specific
active lactic acid cultures, similar to those used in sour cream and buttermilk production.
The reduction in pH and development of flavors produces a distinctive, pleasingly tangy
flavored butter. Oftentimes, cultured butter contains 82% milkfat and is used as a bakery
fat. Cultured butter is common in Europe.

Light butter typically contains skim milk, water and/or gelatin and is 40% (or less) milkfat.
Food and Drug Administration regulations specify the ingredients and quantities that are
acceptable in a light butter formulation. The regulation states that the product must not be
nutritionally inferior to traditional butter and performance characteristics should be similar.
Although light butter makes a fine spread or dressing, it should not be substituted for
regular butter in baking or frying due to its high moisture content.

Salted butter contains 1.6% to 1.7% salt. This product is also sometimes called lightly
salted butter.

Unsalted butter contains no added salt and is used in formulas where less salt is
desired because of flavor or nutrition parameters. Salted butter can be stored refrigerated
for up to two months while unsalted butter can be stored for up to two weeks. In the
freezer, salted butter can be stored for six to nine months and unsalted butter for up to
five months.

Anhydrous milkfat is made by removing practically all the moisture and nonfat solids from
pasteurized 40% milkfat cream. The resulting 70% to 80% milkfat cream is then processed
through a specialized phase inversion unit or separator. This milkfat is further concentrated,
Butter
Ingredients
with residual moisture removed by vacuum-drying. Anhydrous milkfat contains no less
than 99.8% milkfat and not more than 0.1% moisture.

Butteroil is made by removing practically all the moisture and nonfat solids from butter. It
is produced by gently heating butter, disrupting the butter emulsion. The milkfat is then
concentrated in separators and vacuum-dried to remove residual moisture. Sometimes
butteroil is washed with water prior to the final drying stage to remove trace impurities.
Butteroil contains about 99.5% milkfat and not more than 0.2% moisture.

Butter powder delivers many of the same functional, sensory and texture attributes as
butter. It is used in numerous applications where the use of butter is impractical or where
the dry form offers some functional advantage to product developers. Manufacturing
a butter powder involves adding nonfat milk solids to melted butter, homogenizing the
mixture and spray-drying it. The resulting powder is free-flowing and microbiologically
stable. Butter powder has a full strength, sweet cream butter flavor and is cream to light
yellow in color.

Source: American Butter Institute

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