Appendix E

Statistical Tables

601

© 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

602 Modeling of Combustion Systems: A Practical Approach

TABLE E.1
Normal Probability Function
z 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0.0 .0000 .0040 .0080 .0120 .0160 .0199 .0239 .0279 .0319 .0359
0.1 .0393 .0438 .0478 .0517 .0557 .0596 .0636 .0675 .0714 .0754
0.2 .0793 .0832 .0871 .0910 .0948 .0987 .1026 .1064 .1103 .1141
0.3 .1179 .1217 .1255 .1293 .1331 .1368 .1406 .1443 .1480 .1517
0.4 .1554 .1591 .1628 .1664 .1700 .1736 .1772 .1808 .1844 .1879
0.5 .1915 .1950 .1985 .2019 .2054 .2088 .2123 .2157 .2190 .2224
0.6 .2258 .2291 .2324 .2357 .2389 .2422 .2454 .2486 .2518 .2529
0.7 .2580 .2612 .2652 .2673 .2704 .2734 .2764 .2794 .2823 .2852
0.8 .2881 .2910 .2939 .2967 .2996 .3023 .3051 .3078 .3106 .3133
0.9 .3159 .3186 .3212 .3238 .3264 .3289 .3315 .3340 .3365 .3389
1.0 .3413 .3438 .3461 .3485 .3508 .3531 .3554 .3577 .3599 .3621
1.1 .3643 .3665 .3686 .3708 .3729 .3749 .3770 .3790 .3810 .3830
1.2 .3849 .3869 .3888 .3907 .3925 .3944 .3962 .3980 .3997 .4015
1.3 .4032 .4049 .4066 .4082 .4099 .4115 .4131 .4147 .4162 .4177
1.4 .4192 .4207 .4222 .4236 .4251 .4265 .4279 .4292 .4306 .4319
1.5 .4332 .4345 .4357 .4370 .4382 .4394 .4406 .4418 .4429 .4441
1.6 .4452 .4463 .4424 .4484 .4495 .4505 .4515 .4525 .4535 .4545
1.7 .4554 .4564 .4573 .4582 .4591 .4599 .4608 .4616 .4625 .4633
1.8 .4641 .4649 .4656 .4664 .4671 .4678 .4686 .4693 .4699 .4706
1.9 .4713 .4719 .4726 .4732 .4738 .4744 .4750 .4756 .4761 .4767
2.0 .4772 .4778 .4783 .4788 .4793 .4798 .4803 .4808 .4812 .4817
2.1 .4821 .4826 .4830 .4834 .4838 .4842 .4846 .4850 .4854 .4857
2.2 .4861 .4864 .4868 .4871 .4875 .4878 .4881 .4884 .4887 .4890
2.3 .4893 .4896 .4898 .4901 .4904 .4906 .4909 .4911 .4913 .4916
2.4 .4918 .4920 .4922 .4925 .4927 .4929 .4931 .4932 .4934 .4936
2.5 .4938 .4940 .4941 .4943 .4945 .4946 .4948 .4949 .4951 .4952
2.6 .4953 .4955 .4956 .4957 .4959 .4960 .4961 .4962 .4963 .4964
2.7 .4965 .4965 .4967 .4968 .4969 .4970 .4971 .4972 .4973 .4974
2.8 .4914 .4975 .4976 .4977 .4977 .4978 .4979 .4979 .4980 .4981
2.9 .4981 .4982 .4982 .4983 .4984 .4984 .4985 .4985 .4986 .4986
3.0 .4987 .4987 .4987 .4988 .4988 .4989 .4989 .4989 .4990 .4990
3.1 .4990 .4991 .4991 .4991 .4992 .4992 .4992 .4992 .4993 .4993
3.2 .4991 .4993 .4994 .4994 .4994 .4994 .4994 .4995 .4995 .4995
3.3 .4995 .4995 .4995 .4996 .4996 .4996 .4996 .4996 .4996 .4997
3.4 .4997 .4997 .4997 .4997 .4997 .4997 .4997 .4997 .4997 .4998
3.5 .4998 .4998 .4998 .4998 .4998 .4998 .4998 .4998 .4998 .4998
3.6 .4998 .4998 .4998 .4999 .4999 .4999 .4999 .4999 .4999 .4999
3.7 .4999 .4999 .4999 .4999 .4999 .4999 .4999 .4999 .4999 .4999
3.8 .4999 .4999 .4999 .4999 .4999 .4999 .4999 .4999 .4999 .4999
3.9 .5000 .5000 .5000 .5000 .5000 .5000 .5000 .5000 .5000 .5000
z 1.282 1.645 1.960 2.326 2.676 3.090
F(z) .90 .95 .975 .99 .995 .999
Z[1 − F(z)] .20 .10 .05 .02 .01 .002

F(z) refers to area under Standard Normal Curve from – ∞ to z

Source: From Weast, R.C., CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,

67th ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1986.

© 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

Statistical Tables 603

TABLE E.2
Students t Distribution
F
n .60 .75 .90 .95 .975 .99 .995 .9995
1 .325 1.000 3.078 6.314 12.705 31.821 63.657 636.619
2 .289 .816 1.886 2.920 4.303 6.965 9.925 31.598
3 .277 .765 1.638 2.353 3.182 4.541 5.841 12.924
4 .271 .741 1.533 2.132 2.776 3.747 4.604 8.610
5 .267 .727 1.476 2.015 2.571 3.365 4.032 6.869
6 .265 .718 1.440 1.943 2.447 3.143 3.707 5.959
7 .263 .711 1.415 1.895 2.365 2.998 3.499 5.408
8 .262 .706 1.397 1.860 2.306 2.896 3.355 5.041
9 .261 .703 1.383 1.833 2.262 2.821 3.250 4.781
10 .260 .700 1.372 1.812 2.228 2.764 3.169 4.587
11 .260 .697 1.363 1.796 2.201 2.718 3.106 4.437
12 .259 .695 1.356 1.782 2.179 2.681 3.055 4.318
13 .259 .694 1.350 1.771 2.160 2.650 3.012 4.221
14 .258 .692 1.345 1.761 2.145 2.624 2.977 4.140
15 .258 .691 1.341 1.753 2.131 2.602 2.947 4.073
16 .258 .690 1.337 1.746 2.120 2.583 2.921 4.015
17 .257 .689 1.333 1.740 2.110 2.567 2.898 3.965
18 .257 .688 1.330 1.734 2.101 2.552 2.878 3.922
19 .257 .688 1.328 1.729 2.093 2.539 2.861 3.883
20 .257 .687 1.325 1.725 2.086 2.528 2.845 3.850
21 .257 .686 1.323 1.721 2.080 2.518 2.831 3.819
22 .256 .686 1.321 1.717 2.074 2.508 2.819 3.792
23 .256 .685 1.319 1.714 2.069 2.500 2.807 3.767
24 .256 .685 1.318 1.711 2.064 2.492 2.797 3.745
25 .256 .684 1.316 1.708 2.060 2.485 2.787 3.725
26 .256 .684 1.315 1.706 2.056 2.479 2.779 3.707
27 .256 .684 1.314 1.703 2.052 2.473 2.771 3.690
28 .256 .683 1.313 1.701 2.048 2.467 2.763 3.674
29 .256 .683 1.311 1.699 2.045 2.462 2.756 3.659
30 .256 .683 1.310 1.697 2.042 2.457 2.750 3.646
40 .255 .681 1.303 1.684 2.021 2.423 2.704 3.551
60 .254 .679 1.296 1.671 2.000 2.390 2.660 3.460
120 .254 .677 1.289 1.658 1.980 2.358 2.617 3.373
∞ .253 .674 1.282 1.645 1.960 2.326 2.576 3.291
∞
Source: From Weast, R.C., CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 67th ed.,
CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1986.

© 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

 604 Modeling of Combustion Systems: A Practical Approach

TABLE E.3
χ2 Distribution
This table gives values of χ2 such that
x2 n− 2 x

∫
1 − dx
F( χ 2 ) = x 2 e2
0
n
⎛ n⎞
2 Γ⎜ ⎟
2
⎝ 2⎠
for n, the number of degrees of freedom, equal to 1, 2, . . . , 30. For n > 30, a normal approximation
is quite accurate. The expression 2χ 2 − 2n − 1 is approximately normally distributed as the
standard normal distribution. Thus χα2 , the α-point of the distribution, may be computed by
the formula

χα2 = 12 [xα + 2n − 1 ]2 ,
where xα is the α-point of the cumulative normal distribution. For even values of n, F(χ2) can
be written as
x′−1 −λ

∑ e xλ!
x
1 − F( χ 2 ) =
x=0

with λ = 1/2 χ2 and x′ = 1/2 n. Thus the cumulative Chi-Square distribution is related to the
cumulative Poisson distribution.
3
⎛ 2 2 ⎞
χα2 = n ⎜ 1 − = zα ⎟
⎝ 9n 9n ⎠
n = degrees of freedom
zα = the normal deviate, (the value of x for which F(x) = the desired percentile).

x 1.282 1.645 1.960 2.326 2.576 3.090

F(x) .90 .95 .975 .99 .995 .999

χ2.99 = 60[1 – 0.0370 + 2.326(0.06086)]3 = 88.4 is the 99th percentile for 60 degrees of freedom.

x2 n− 2 x

∫
1 − dx
F( χ 2 ) = x 2 e2
0
n
⎛ n⎞
2 Γ⎜ ⎟
2
⎝ 2⎠

© 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

Statistical Tables 605

TABLE E.3 (continued)

χ2 Distribution
F
n .005 .010 .025 .050 .100 .250 .500 .750 .900 .950 .975 .990 .995
1 .0000393 .000157 .000982 .00393 .0158 .102 .455 1.32 2.71 3.84 5.02 6.63 7.88
2 .0100 .0201 .0506 .103 .211 .575 1.39 2.77 4.61 5.99 7.38 9.21 10.6
3 .0717 .115 .216 .352 .584 1.21 2.37 4.11 6.25 7.81 9.35 11.3 12.8
4 .207 .297 .484 .711 1.06 1.92 3.36 5.39 7.78 9.49 11.1 13.3 14.9
5 .412 .554 .831 1.15 1.61 2.67 4.35 6.63 9.24 11.1 12.8 ?? 16.7

6 .676 .872 1.24 1.64 2.20 3.45 5.35 7.84 10.6 12.6 14.4 16.8 18.5
7 .989 1.24 1.69 2.17 2.83 4.25 6.35 9.04 12.0 14.1 16.0 18.5 20.3
8 1.34 1.65 2.18 2.73 3.49 5.07 7.34 10.2 13.4 15.5 17.5 20.1 22.0
9 1.73 2.09 2.70 3.33 4.17 5.90 8.34 11.4 14.7 16.9 19.0 21.7 23.6
10 2.16 2.56 3.25 3.94 4.87 6.74 9.34 12.5 16.0 18.3 20.5 23.2 25.2

11 2.60 3.05 3.82 4.57 5.58 7.58 10.3 13.7 17.3 19.7 21.9 24.7 26.8
12 3.07 3.57 4.40 5.23 6.30 8.44 11.3 14.8 18.5 21.0 23.3 26.2 28.3
13 3.57 4.11 5.01 5.89 7.04 9.30 12.3 16.0 19.8 22.4 24.7 27.7 29.8
14 4.07 4.66 5.63 6.57 7.79 10.2 13.3 17.1 21.1 23.7 26.1 29.1 31.3
15 4.60 5.23 6.26 7.26 8.55 11.0 4.3 18.2 22.3 25.0 27.5 30.6 32.8

16 5.14 5.81 6.91 7.06 9.31 11.9 15.3 19.4 23.5 26.3 28.8 32.0 34.3
17 5.70 6.41 7.56 8.67 10.1 12.8 16.3 20.5 24.8 27.6 30.2 33.4 35.7
18 6.26 7.01 8.23 9.39 10.9 13.7 17.3 31.6 26.0 28.9 31.5 34.8 37.2
19 6.84 7.63 8.91 10.1 11.7 14.6 18.3 22.7 27.2 30.1 32.9 36.2 38.6
20 7.43 8.26 9.59 10.9 12.4 15.5 19.3 23.8 28.4 31.4 34.2 37.6 40.0

21 8.03 8.90 10.3 11.6 13.2 16.3 20.3 24.9 29.6 32.7 35.5 38.9 41.4
22 8.64 9.54 11.0 12.3 14.0 17.2 21.3 26.0 30.8 33.9 36.8 40.3 42.8
23 9.26 10.2 11.7 13.1 14.8 18.1 22.3 27.1 32.0 35.2 38.1 41.6 44.2
24 9.89 10.9 12.4 13.8 15.7 19.0 23.3 28.2 33.2 36.4 39.4 43.0 45.6
25 10.5 11.5 13.1 14.6 16.5 19.9 24.3 29.3 34.4 37.7 40.6 44.3 46.9

26 11.2 12.2 13.8 15.4 17.3 20.8 25.3 30.4 35.6 38.0 41.9 45.6 48.3
27 11.8 12.9 14.6 16.2 18.1 21.7 26.3 31.5 36.7 40.1 43.2 47.0 49.6
28 12.5 13.6 15.3 16.9 18.9 22.7 27.3 32.6 37.9 41.3 44.5 48.3 51.0
29 13.1 14.3 16.0 17.7 19.8 23.6 28.3 33.7 39.1 42.6 45.7 49.6 52.3
30 13.8 15.0 16.8 18.5 20.6 24.5 29.3 34.8 40.3 43.8 47.0 50.9 53.7

Source: From Weast, R.C., CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 67th ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1986.

© 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

TABLE E.4

606
F-Distribution, 99%, 95%, and 90% Confidence
DF ν1
DF ν2 Conf 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 15 20 25 30 50 100 Infinity
1 99% 4052 4999 5404 5624 5764 5859 5928 5981 6022 6056 6157 6209 6240 6260 6302 6334 6366
95% 161 199 216 225 230 234 237 239 241 242 246 248 249 250 252 253 254
90% 39.86 49.50 53.59 55.83 57.24 58.20 58.91 59.44 59.86 60.19 61.22 61.74 62.05 62.26 62.69 63.01 63.33
2 99% 98.50 99.00 99.16 99.25 99.30 99.33 99.36 99.38 99.39 99.40 99.43 99.45 99.46 99.47 99.48 99.49 99.50
95% 18.51 19.00 19.16 19.25 19.30 19.33 19.35 19.37 19.38 19.40 19.43 19.45 19.46 19.46 19.48 19.49 19.50

Modeling of Combustion Systems: A Practical Approach

90% 8.53 9.00 9.16 9.24 9.29 9.33 9.35 9.37 9.38 9.39 9.42 9.44 9.45 9.46 9.47 9.48 9.49
3 99% 34.12 30.82 29.46 28.71 28.24 27.91 27.67 27.49 27.34 27.23 26.87 26.69 26.58 26.50 26.35 26.24 26.13
95% 10.13 9.55 9.28 9.12 9.01 8.94 8.89 8.85 8.81 8.79 8.70 8.66 8.63 8.62 8.58 8.55 8.53
90% 5.54 5.46 5.39 5.34 5.31 5.28 5.27 5.25 5.24 5.23 5.20 5.18 5.17 5.17 5.15 5.14 5.13
4 99% 21.20 18.00 16.69 15.98 15.52 15.21 14.98 14.80 14.66 14.55 14.20 14.02 13.91 13.84 13.69 13.58 13.46
95% 7.71 6.94 6.59 6.39 6.26 6.16 6.09 6.04 6.00 5.96 5.86 5.80 5.77 5.75 5.70 5.66 5.63
90% 4.54 4.32 4.19 4.11 4.05 4.01 3.98 3.95 3.94 3.92 3.87 3.84 3.83 3.82 3.80 3.78 3.76
5 99% 16.26 13.27 12.06 11.39 10.97 10.67 10.46 10.29 10.16 10.05 9.72 9.55 9.45 9.38 9.24 9.13 9.02
95% 6.61 5.79 5.41 5.19 5.05 4.95 4.88 4.82 4.77 4.74 4.62 4.56 4.52 4.50 4.44 4.41 4.36
90% 4.06 3.78 3.62 3.52 3.45 3.40 3.37 3.34 3.32 3.30 3.24 3.21 3.19 3.17 3.15 3.13 3.10
6 99% 13.75 10.92 9.78 9.15 8.75 8.47 8.26 8.10 7.98 7.87 7.56 7.40 7.30 7.23 7.09 6.99 6.88
95% 5.99 5.14 4.76 4.53 4.39 4.28 4.21 4.15 4.10 4.06 3.94 3.87 3.83 3.81 3.75 3.71 3.67
90% 3.78 3.46 3.29 3.18 3.11 3.05 3.01 2.98 2.96 2.94 2.87 2.84 2.81 2.80 2.77 2.75 2.72
7 99% 12.25 9.55 8.45 7.85 7.46 7.19 6.99 6.84 6.72 6.62 6.31 6.16 6.06 5.99 5.86 5.75 5.65
95% 5.59 4.74 4.35 4.12 3.97 3.87 3.79 3.73 3.68 3.64 3.51 3.44 3.40 3.38 3.32 3.27 3.23
90% 3.59 3.26 3.07 2.96 2.88 2.83 2.78 2.75 2.72 2.70 2.63 2.59 2.57 2.56 2.52 2.50 2.47
8 99% 11.26 8.65 7.59 7.01 6.33 6.37 6.18 6.03 5.91 5.81 5.52 5.36 5.26 5.20 5.07 4.96 4.86
95% 5.32 4.46 4.07 3.84 3.69 3.58 3.50 3.44 3.39 3.35 3.22 3.15 3.11 3.08 3.02 2.97 2.93
90% 3.46 3.11 2.92 2.81 2.73 2.67 2.62 2.59 2.56 2.54 2.46 2.42 2.40 2.38 2.35 2.32 2.29

© 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

 9 99% 10.56 8.02 6.99 6.42 6.06 5.80 5.61 5.47 5.35 5.26 4.96 4.81 4.71 4.65 4.52 4.41 4.31

Statistical Tables
95% 5.12 4.26 3.86 3.63 3.48 3.37 3.29 3.23 3.18 3.14 3.01 2.94 2.89 2.86 2.80 2.76 2.71
90% 3.36 3.01 2.81 2.69 2.61 2.55 2.51 2.47 2.44 2.42 2.34 2.30 2.27 2.25 2.22 2.19 2.16
10 99% 10.04 7.56 6.55 5.99 5.64 5.39 5.20 5.06 4.94 4.85 4.56 4.41 4.31 4.25 4.12 4.01 3.91
95% 4.96 4.10 3.71 3.48 3.33 3.22 3.14 3.07 3.02 2.98 2.85 2.77 2.73 2.70 2.64 2.59 2.54
90% 3.29 2.92 2.73 2.61 2.52 2.46 2.41 2.38 2.35 2.32 2.24 2.20 2.17 2.16 2.12 2.09 2.06
11 99% 9.65 7.21 6.22 5.67 5.32 5.07 4.89 4.74 4.63 4.54 4.25 4.10 4.01 3.94 3.81 3.71 3.60
95% 4.84 3.98 3.59 3.36 3.20 3.09 3.01 2.95 2.90 2.85 2.72 2.65 2.60 2.57 2.51 2.46 2.40
90% 3.23 2.86 2.66 2.54 2.45 2.39 2.34 2.30 2.27 2.25 2.17 2.12 2.10 2.08 2.04 2.01 1.97
12 99% 9.33 6.93 5.95 5.41 5.06 4.82 4.64 4.50 4.39 4.30 4.01 3.86 3.76 3.70 3.57 3.47 3.36
95% 4.75 3.89 3.49 3.26 3.11 3.00 2.91 2.85 2.80 2.75 2.62 2.54 2.50 2.47 2.40 2.35 2.30
90% 3.18 2.81 2.61 2.48 2.39 2.33 2.28 2.24 2.21 2.19 2.10 2.06 2.03 2.01 1.97 1.94 1.90
13 99% 9.07 6.70 5.74 5.21 4.86 4.62 4.44 4.30 4.19 4.10 3.82 3.66 3.57 3.51 3.38 3.27 3.17
95% 4.67 3.81 3.41 3.18 3.03 2.92 2.83 2.77 2.71 2.67 2.53 2.46 2.41 2.38 2.31 2.26 2.21
90% 3.14 2.76 2.56 2.43 2.35 2.28 2.23 2.20 2.16 2.14 2.05 2.01 1.98 1.96 1.92 1.88 1.85
14 99% 8.86 6.51 5.56 5.04 4.69 4.46 4.28 4.14 4.03 3.94 3.66 3.51 3.41 3.35 3.22 3.11 3.00
95% 4.60 3.74 3.34 3.11 2.96 2.85 2.76 2.70 2.65 2.60 2.46 2.39 2.34 2.31 2.24 2.19 2.13
90% 3.10 2.73 2.52 2.39 2.31 2.24 2.19 2.15 2.12 2.10 2.01 1.96 1.93 1.91 1.87 1.83 1.80
15 99% 8.68 6.36 5.42 4.89 4.56 4.32 4.14 4.00 3.89 3.80 3.52 3.37 3.28 3.21 3.08 2.98 2.87
95% 4.54 3.68 3.29 3.06 2.90 2.79 2.71 2.64 2.59 2.54 2.40 2.33 2.28 2.25 2.18 2.12 2.07
90% 3.07 2.70 2.49 2.36 2.27 2.21 2.16 2.12 2.09 2.06 1.97 1.92 1.89 1.87 1.83 1.79 1.76
16 99% 8.53 6.23 5.29 4.77 4.44 4.20 4.03 3.89 3.78 3.69 3.41 3.26 3.16 3.10 2.97 2.86 2.75
95% 4.49 3.63 3.24 3.01 2.85 2.74 2.66 2.59 2.54 2.49 2.35 2.28 2.23 2.19 2.12 2.07 2.01
90% 3.05 2.67 2.46 2.33 2.24 2.18 2.13 2.09 2.06 2.03 1.94 1.89 1.86 1.84 1.79 1.76 1.72
17 99% 8.40 6.11 5.19 4.67 4.34 4.10 3.93 3.79 3.68 3.59 3.31 3.16 3.07 3.00 2.87 2.76 2.65
95% 4.45 3.59 3.20 2.96 2.81 2.70 2.61 2.55 2.49 2.45 2.31 2.23 2.18 2.15 2.08 2.02 1.96
90% 3.03 2.64 2.44 2.31 2.22 2.15 2.10 2.06 2.03 2.00 1.91 1.86 1.83 1.81 1.76 1.73 1.69
18 99% 8.29 6.01 5.09 4.58 4.25 4.01 3.84 3.71 3.60 3.51 3.23 3.08 2.98 2.92 2.78 2.68 2.57

607
95% 4.41 3.55 3.16 2.93 2.77 2.66 2.58 2.51 2.46 2.41 2.27 2.19 2.14 2.11 2.04 1.98 1.92
90% 3.01 2.62 2.42 2.29 2.20 2.13 2.08 2.04 2.00 1.98 1.89 1.84 1.80 1.78 1.74 1.70 1.66

© 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

 608
TABLE E.4 (continued)
F-Distribution, 99%, 95%, and 90% Confidence
DF ν1
DF ν2 Conf 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 15 20 25 30 50 100 Infinity
19 99% 8.18 5.93 5.01 4.50 4.17 3.94 3.77 3.63 3.52 3.43 3.15 3.00 2.91 2.84 2.71 2.60 2.49
95% 4.38 3.52 3.13 2.90 2.74 2.63 2.54 2.48 2.42 2.38 2.23 2.16 2.11 2.07 2.00 1.94 1.88
90% 2.99 2.61 2.40 2.27 2.18 2.11 2.06 2.02 1.98 1.96 1.86 1.81 1.78 1.76 1.71 1.67 1.63
20 99% 8.10 5.85 4.94 4.43 4.10 3.87 3.70 3.56 3.46 3.37 3.09 2.94 2.84 2.78 2.64 2.54 2.42
95% 4.35 3.49 3.10 2.87 2.71 2.60 2.51 2.45 2.39 2.35 2.20 2.12 2.07 2.04 1.97 1.91 1.84

Modeling of Combustion Systems: A Practical Approach

90% 2.97 2.59 2.38 2.25 2.16 2.09 2.04 2.00 1.96 1.94 1.84 1.79 1.76 1.74 1.69 1.65 1.61
25 99% 7.77 5.57 4.68 4.18 3.85 3.63 3.46 3.32 3.22 3.13 2.85 2.70 2.60 2.54 2.40 2.29 2.17
95% 4.24 3.39 2.99 2.76 2.60 2.49 2.40 2.34 2.28 2.24 2.09 2.01 1.96 1.92 1.84 1.78 1.71
90% 2.92 2.53 2.32 2.18 2.09 2.02 1.97 1.93 1.89 1.87 1.77 1.72 1.68 1.66 1.61 1.56 1.52
30 99% 7.56 5.39 4.51 4.02 3.70 3.47 3.30 3.17 3.07 2.98 2.70 2.55 2.45 2.39 2.25 2.13 2.01
95% 4.17 3.32 2.92 2.69 2.53 2.42 2.33 2.27 2.21 2.16 2.01 1.93 1.88 1.84 1.76 1.70 1.62
90% 2.88 2.49 2.28 2.14 2.05 1.98 1.93 1.88 1.85 1.82 1.72 1.67 1.63 1.61 1.55 1.51 1.46
40 99% 7.31 5.18 4.31 3.83 3.51 3.29 3.12 2.99 2.89 2.80 2.52 2.37 2.27 2.20 2.06 1.94 1.80
95% 4.08 3.23 2.84 2.61 2.45 2.34 2.25 2.18 2.12 2.08 1.92 1.84 1.78 1.74 1.66 1.59 1.51
90% 2.84 2.44 2.23 2.09 2.00 1.93 1.87 1.83 1.79 1.76 1.66 1.61 1.57 1.54 1.48 1.43 1.38
50 99% 7.17 5.06 4.20 3.72 3.41 3.19 3.02 2.89 2.78 2.70 2.42 2.27 2.17 2.10 1.95 1.82 1.68
95% 4.03 3.18 2.79 2.56 2.40 2.29 2.20 2.13 2.07 2.03 1.87 1.78 1.73 1.69 1.60 1.52 1.44
90% 2.81 2.41 2.20 2.06 1.97 1.90 1.84 1.80 1.76 1.73 1.63 1.57 1.53 1.50 1.44 1.39 1.33
100 99% 6.90 4.82 3.98 3.51 3.21 2.99 2.82 2.69 2.59 2.50 2.22 2.07 1.97 1.89 1.74 1.60 1.43
95% 3.94 3.09 2.70 2.46 2.31 2.19 2.10 2.03 1.97 1.93 1.77 1.68 1.62 1.57 1.48 1.39 1.28
90% 2.76 2.36 2.14 2.00 1.91 1.83 1.78 1.73 1.69 1.66 1.56 1.49 1.45 1.42 1.35 1.29 1.21
Infinity 99% 6.63 4.61 3.78 3.32 3.02 2.80 2.64 2.51 2.41 2.32 2.04 1.88 1.77 1.70 1.52 1.36 1.00
95% 3.84 3.00 2.60 2.37 2.21 2.10 2.01 1.94 1.88 1.83 1.67 1.57 1.51 1.46 1.35 1.24 1.00
90% 2.71 2.30 2.08 1.94 1.85 1.77 1.72 1.67 1.63 1.60 1.49 1.42 1.38 1.34 1.26 1.18 1.00

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