ING Decimo PDF
ING Decimo PDF
ING Decimo PDF
INTRODUCTION
There are two ways of relating what a person has said: direct and indirect. In direct speech we repeat the original
speaker’s exact words:
Remarks thus repeated are placed between inverted commas, and a comma is placed immediately before the
remark. Direct speech is found in conversations in books, in plays and in quotations. In indirect speech we give
the exact meaning of a remark or a speech, without necessarily using the speaker’s exact words:
There is no comma after say in indirect speech. That can usually be omitted after say and tell + object. But it should
be kept after other verbs: complain, explain, object, point out, protest etc. Indirect speech is normally used
when conversation is reported verbally, though direct speech is sometimes here to give a more dramatic
effect. When we turn direct speech into indirect, some changes are usually necessary.
In this grammar chart you can identify how the TENSE of the verb changes from Direct speech to Indirect
Speech
1. DISCOVER THE GRAMMAR.
Read the Indirect Speech. Then circle the letter of the Direct Speech that is being reported. (Lea los
discursos indirectos. Luego encierre la letra del discurso directo que está siendo reportado)
1. The local weather forecaster said that it was going to be a terrible storm.
a) “It was going to be a terrible storm."
b) "It's going to be a terrible storm.
c) "It was a terrible storm."
2. She said the winds might reach 170 miles per hour.
a) "The winds reached 170 miles per hour."
b) “The winds would reach 170 miles per hour."
c) “The winds may reach 170 miles per hour."
3. She said there would be more rain the next day.
a) "There will be more rain the next day."
b) "There would be more rain tomorrow."
c) "There will be more rain tomorrow."
4. She told people that they should try to leave the area.
a) "You should try to leave the area."
b) "You should have tried to leave the area."
c) "You would leave the area."
5. She reported that people were leaving the coastal towns.
a) "People are leaving the coastal towns."
b) "People were leaving the coastal towns."
c) "People left the coastal towns."
6. She said that they could expect a lot of damage.
a) "We could expect a lot of damage."
b) "We could have expected a lot of damage."
c) "We can expect a lot of damage."
7. She said that Andrew was the worst hurricane they had had there.
a) "Andrew is the worst hurricane we have here."
b) "Andrew is the worst hurricane we have had here. "
c) "Andrew is the worst hurricane we have had there."
8. She told them that the Red Cross had arrived the day before.
a) "The Red Cross arrived the day before.
b) “The Red Cross arrived yesterday."
c) “The Red Cross arrived today."
9. She reported that the president would be there to inspect the damage.
a) “The president will be here to inspect the damage."
b) “The president will be there to inspect the damage.
c) “The president would be there to inspect the damage."
10. She said that if they hadn't had time to prepare, the danger would have been even greater.
a) If we hadn't had time to prepare, the danger would have been even greater."
b) If we don't have time to prepare, the danger will be even greater.
c) If we didn't have time to prepare, the danger would be even greater."
2. You are in Florida. Imagine you heard these rumors yesterday, and you are reporting them today. Use
THEY SAID to report the rumors. (Tu estás en Florida. Imagina que escuchaste estos rumores ayer, y
los estás reportando hoy. Usa ELLOS DIJERON para reportar los rumores.
They said that the hurricane had changed direction the night before.
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3. Read this interview between radio station WFLA and meteorologist Roger Meyers. (Lea esta
entrevista entre la estación de radio WFLA y el meteorólogo Roger Mayers)
Now read the following statements. For each statements write TRUE or FALSE, and report what Dr.
Meyers said. (Ahora lea las siguientes oraciones. Para cada una escriba VERDADERO o FALSO y
reporte lo que el doctor Meyers dijo).
13. Before Andrew hit, people in Florida had had no time to leave the area.
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4. Rewrite the following quotes, making the correct changes for the underlined words bellow. Use
Reported Speech. (Reescriba los siguientes citas, haciendo los cambios correctos de las palabras
subrayadas. Use el discurso indirecto)
5. Write in Reported Speech what Calvin and Hobbes are saying. (Escriba en discurso indirecto lo que
Calvin y Hobbes están diciendo)
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3. Calvin answered
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The passive voice is used when we want to
emphasize the action (the verb) and the object
of a sentence rather than subject. This means
that the subject is either less important than
the action itself or that we don’t know who or
what the subject is.
7. Rewrite the sentences in the PASSIVE beginning with the words given. (Reescriba las oraciones en
forma PASIVA, comenzando con las palabras dadas).
B) Lawrence Ferlinghetti opened the oldest paperback book store in the United States in 1953.
The oldest paperback book store in the United States ___________________________________________________
D) More than a billion people all over the world speak English.
English _____________________________________________________________________________
H) Our Physical Education teacher can make a good basketball player of every pupil.
Every pupil _________________________________________________________________________________
9. Rewrite the following passages in the Passive. (Reescriba los siguientes párrafos en FORMA
PASIVA)
Someone broke into a local jewelry shop yesterday. The owner had just locked up the shop when a
robber with a gun threatened him. The robber told him to unlock the shop and give him all the diamonds
in the safe. Then the robber tied him up. The police have organized a search for the robber. They hope
they will find him in a few days. Doctors are treating the owner of the shop for shock.
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My uncle painted this picture. Someone has offered him a lot of money for it. He will deliver the painting
tomorrow. When they give him the money, he will tell them the truth. He painted it one night while he
was sleepwalking!
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10. WRITING TASK. (ACTIVIDAD DE ESCRITURA)
Marisa is a student living in an apartment on Bruke Street in London. One day when she came back from
college in the afternoon, she found that her room was burgled. You were one of the police officers who came
to her room after she called for help. Look at the picture and write a composition to describe what happened I
the room. Your composition should be 60 – 120 words in length.
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SELF-ASSESSMENT
A) The new movie is about a boy _____________ has lost his parents in a car accident.
B) He is the young man, _____________ wife left him for someone else.
C) The DVD recorder_____________ I bought at this store a few days ago is not working.
D) That's the book _____________ I recommended reading in class.
E) Is this the hotel _____________ you are staying for the tournament?
F) My dad, _____________ travels a lot on business, is in Australia at the moment.
G) It was midnight_____________ the first rescue team arrived at the scene of the accident.
H) There are several reasons _____________ I am not allowed to give you any information.
I) We stayed at the famous Rock star hotel, _____________ also had an indoor swimming pool.
J) Did you write back to the person _____________ offered you a job?
K) The story is about a young woman_____________ 5-year old son suddenly disappears.
L) The tennis court _____________ they usually play is currently not available.
M) My sister was born at a time _____________ my dad was out of work.
N) Where is the money _____________ I gave you yesterday?
O) That's the man _____________ I spoke to the other day.
P) Mr. Fields, _____________ sister is one of the leading experts in this country, talked about the dangers of the
virus.
Q) He didn't tell us _____________ he made such an irresponsible decision.
R) The present_____________ I got from my boyfriend was really fantastic.1
S) I have to buy a present for my mother, _____________ birthday is next week.
T) The youth hostel _____________ we stayed last week was really big.
2. Write sentences to describe people in box A using the information in box B. (Escriba oraciones para
describer la gente en el cuadro A, usando la información del cuadro B).
Timothy the tortoise was about 160 years old when he died at his home near Exeter in November 2005.
Timothy, whose early life was spent at sea, was thought to be the oldest resident in Britain at the time.
He was found by a British naval officer, Captain John Courtenay Everard, on a Portuguese ship in 1854.
Everard, who was a relative of the Earl of Devon, adopted him and he became the mascot on a
succession of British ships for nearly forty years. In 1892 he went to live at Powder ham Castle, which is
the historic home of the Earls of Devon, and in 1935 he was given a permanent home in the castle’s
rose garden.
Throughout his long life, Timothy showed a keen instinct for survival. During the Second World War, for
example, he felt the vibrations from the bombs that the Germans were dropping on Exeter and made his
own air-raid shelter under some steps. He was also very healthy, never needing to see a vet until the
last year of his life.
At the time of his death, Timothy was owned by Lady Gabrielle Courtenay, who is the aunt of the current
Earl of Devon. Lady Devon also lives at Powder ham, where Timothy was given a family funeral and was
buried in the grounds of the castle.
A) Timothy…
a. was born in the nineteen hundreds.
b. died in the twentieth century.
c. was found on board a British ship.
d. was found by a relative of the Earl of Devon.
D) Timothy…
a. was ill for many years before he died.
b. belonged to the Earl of Devon’s aunt.
c. didn’t notice the bombs during the war.
d. didn’t have a funeral
4. Lea el texto y luego seleccione de la lista A-J la mejor frase para completar cada espacio del 1 al 8.
Dos respuestas sugeridas no corresponden al texto.
5. Choose which of these sentences is correct. Should we use a defining relative clause or a non-
defining relative clause? For each question you have a clue. (Seleccione cuál de las oraciones es la
correcta. ¿Podría utilizar oraciones relativas definidas o no definidas? Para cada pregunta tiene una
pista.
I) There are two bags on the table, one is red and one is brown.
a) The bag which is red is mine.
b) The bag, which is red, is mine.
6. Read the descriptions from left column (1-5) and the words from the right column (A-H). Then match
them. Lea das descripciones de la columna de la izquierda (1-5) y las palabras de la columna de la
derecha (A-H). Luego relaciónelas.
E. Along
4. Capture a person or an animal.
F. Share
Underwater research
Fourteen-year-old Miguel Diaz talks
about an exciting science project
Last month I got the chance to take part in an underwater research project in an area of the Gulf of Mexico
called the Flower Gardens. A team of professional researchers, led by the scientist Dr. Matt Phillips, was trying
to learn more about the fish and various creatures that live in this part of the sea. The Flower Gardens are a long
way from the shore and we spent three days on a boat. The team used a piece of underwater equipment called
a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) to collect information. The ROV could measure water depth and
temperature and it also had a camera that sent live film back to the boat. The ROV was great fun. It was
controlled by a computer on the boat, and I was allowed to operate it a few times. However, the thing I enjoyed
most was diving into the water. At first, I was quite frightened - mainly because I couldn't see land in any
direction. But as soon as I jumped into the water, I wasn't afraid anymore. It was amazing to see the colorful fish
swimming around and I could see all the way to the Flower Gardens, which are almost 30 meters down. I will
never forget the Flower Gardens. The trip was like a holiday but I also learnt new things about science and
research projects. The team was very friendly and everyone was happy to explain what they knew about the
sea. It was a great opportunity and it has made me think about my goals in life. The experience will definitely
help me work harder to become a scientist.
8. Read the article and select the correct word in each blank. Mark A, B o C. Lea el artículo y seleccione
la palabra correcta de cada espacio. Marque A, B o C.
10. Read the article and select the correct word in each blank. Mark A, B, C or D. Lea el artículo y
seleccione la palabra correcta de cada espacio. Marque A, B, C o D.
At 10 p.m. last night, Mrs. King, a seventy-year-old widow, (1) ____ to the bed as usual. She (2) ____ that she
had left the kitchen window slightly open. Or that a burglar (3) ____ the house.
At midnight, the burglar (4) ____ through the window into the kitchen. But, suddenly, he (5) ____a very loud
voice saying: “put your hands up or I’ll shoot”.
Mrs. King (6) ____ awake and immediately (7) ____ the police. When the police (8) ____, the burglar (9) ____ in
the middle of the kitchen with both hands above his head. Mrs. King’s husband had been a police sergeant and
he had thought Percy their Parrot to say “Put your hands up or I’ll shoot!” Mrs. King (10) ____ so happy with
Percy.
1. 4
.
2. 5
.
3. 6.
7. 9.
8. 10.
11. Look at the text in each question. What does it say? Mark the correct letter A, B or C. Mire los textos
en cada pregunta. ¿Qué dicen? Marque la letra correcta A, B o C.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
SELF-ASSESSMENT
GLOSSARY (GLOSARIO)
REFERENCES:
Harris, M., Mower, D., Sikorzynska, A. (2005) New Opportunities. Pre-Intermediate Course. Pearson Longman.
Hashemi, L.Thomas, B. (2004) PET Preliminary English Test. Practice test Plus 1. Pearson, Lonsman.
Maurer, J. (2000). Focus on Grammar. An Advance Course for Reference and Practice. Second Edition
Longman. Pearson Education.
https://advice.writing.utoronto.ca/revising/passive-voice/
https://www.ef.com/ca/english-resources/english-grammar/tense-changes-when-using-reported-speech/
https://en.islcollective.com
https://www.grammarbank.com/reported-speech-tense-change.html
https://test-english.com/explanation/b1/defining-non-defining-relative-clauses/
http://www.zkouskypark.cz/uploads/ckfinder/userfiles/files/zkcentrum/informa%C4%8Dn%C3%AD%20materi%C
3%A1ly/PET%20for%20schools/PET_schl_RW_Sample_Paper_REVISED.pdf