Design of Intermediate Frame

Axe (14)
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SAP2000 v14.0.0 - File:Intermediate Mezzanine Frame - Span 24.0 ms - Axe (14) - X-Z Plane @ Y=3.333E-14 - Tonf, m, C Units
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SAP2000 v14.0.0 - File:Intermediate Mezzanine Frame - Span 24.0 ms - Axe (14) - Frame Span Loads (Imposed-dead) (As Defined) - Tonf, m, C Units
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SAP2000 v14.0.0 - File:Intermediate Mezzanine Frame - Span 24.0 ms - Axe (14) - Frame Span Loads (Live-1) (As Defined) - Tonf, m, C Units
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SAP2000 v14.0.0 - File:Intermediate Mezzanine Frame - Span 24.0 ms - Axe (14) - Frame Span Loads (Live-2) (As Defined) - Tonf, m, C Units
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SAP2000 v14.0.0 - File:Intermediate Mezzanine Frame - Span 24.0 ms - Axe (14) - Frame Span Loads (Live-3) (As Defined) - Tonf, m, C Units
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SAP2000 v14.0.0 - File:Intermediate Mezzanine Frame - Span 24.0 ms - Axe (14) - Frame Span Loads (Live-Roof) (As Defined) - Tonf, m, C Units
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SAP2000 v14.0.0 - File:Intermediate Mezzanine Frame - Span 24.0 ms - Axe (14) - Frame Span Loads (Wind-Left) (As Defined) - Tonf, m, C Units
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SAP2000 v14.0.0 - File:Intermediate Mezzanine Frame - Span 24.0 ms - Axe (14) - Moment 3-3 Diagram (D+Live(R+1+2+3)) - Tonf, m, C Units
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SAP2000 v14.0.0 - File:Intermediate Mezzanine Frame - Span 24.0 ms - Axe (14) - Axial Force Diagram (D+Live(R+1+2+3)) - Tonf, m, C Units
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SAP2000 v14.0.0 - File:Intermediate Mezzanine Frame - Span 24.0 ms - Axe (14) - Shear Force 2-2 Diagram (D+Live(R+1+2+3)) - Tonf, m, C Units
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SAP2000 v14.0.0 - File:Intermediate Mezzanine Frame - Span 24.0 ms - Axe (14) - Moment 3-3 Diagram (ENV) - Tonf, m, C Units
SAP2000 6/10/13 12:01:11

SAP2000 v14.0.0 - File:Intermediate Mezzanine Frame - Span 24.0 ms - Axe (14) - Axial Force Diagram (ENV) - Tonf, m, C Units
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SAP2000 v14.0.0 - File:Intermediate Mezzanine Frame - Span 24.0 ms - Axe (14) - Shear Force 2-2 Diagram (ENV) - Tonf, m, C Units
 Design of Sec (1-1)
Straining Actions
Mx= 0 mt Design Combination
N= 55.8 t
Q= 9.2 t D + LIVE (R+1+2+3)
Section
bf= 25 cm
tf= 1.2 cm
hw= 40 cm
tw= 0.8 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 92.00 cm2
Ix= 29728.27 cm4 ix= 17.98 cm
Iy= 3125.00 cm4 iy= 5.83 cm
Zx= 1402.28 cm3 Zy= 250.00 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 4.5 m
Lu(actual)= 4.5 m
Lbx= 10 m
Lby= 4.5 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 50 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 100.14
Compact Section
Flange
c/tf= 10.08333 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Non-Compact Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Non-Compact

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 12.5 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.69
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
be=ρxbf= 25.00 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -1 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 23.90
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.44
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 20.00 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 20.00 cm
be=ρxbc= 20.00 cm
be1=0.4be= 8.00 cm
be2=be-be1= 12.00 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 30.00 cm2 y1= 41.80 cm
A2= 6.40 cm2 y2= 37.20 cm
A3= 25.60 cm2 y3= 17.20 cm
A4= 30.00 cm2 y4= 0.60 cm

Atotal(eff)= 92.00 cm2

y'= 21.20 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -1.00
Ix= 29735.47 cm4
Zxt= 1402.62 cm3 Zxc= 1402.62 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 0.72
qb= 1.26 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 107145.00 cm4 Iy= 3125.00 cm4

ix (bukling)= 30.00 cm iy= 5.83 cm
λx= 33.33333
λy= 77.2114
λmax= 77.2114
Fex= 6.75 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 1.295184 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 0.00 t.m

M2= 46.20 t.m
Cb= 1.75
hweb/6= 6.67 cm be1= 8.00
rt= 6.65 cm
Lu/rt= 67.67

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 263.52 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 474.65 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 2.09 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 58.57
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 131.08
Fltb2= 2.02 t/cm2
Fltb= 2.09
Fbcx= 2.09 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.606522 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.46829 A1= 1

Fbx= 0 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.47 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.29 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 0.78 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Design of Sec (2-2)
Straining Actions
Mx= 28.2 mt Design Combination
N= 52.5 t
Q= 11.25 t D + LIVE (1+3)
Section
bf= 25 cm
tf= 1.2 cm
hw= 80 cm
tw= 0.8 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 124.00 cm2
Ix= 133034.93 cm4 ix= 32.75 cm
Iy= 3125.00 cm4 iy= 5.02 cm
Zx= 3229.00 cm3 Zy= 250.00 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 4.5 m
Lu(actual)= 4.5 m
Lbx= 10 m
Lby= 4.5 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 100 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 100.14
Non-compact Section
Flange
c/tf= 10.08333 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Non-Compact Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Non-Compact

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 12.5 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.69
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
be=ρxbf= 25.00 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -1 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 23.90
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.88
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 40.00 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 40.00 cm
be=ρxbc= 40.00 cm
be1=0.4be= 16.00 cm
be2=be-be1= 24.00 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 30.00 cm2 y1= 81.80 cm
A2= 12.80 cm2 y2= 73.20 cm
A3= 51.20 cm2 y3= 33.20 cm
A4= 30.00 cm2 y4= 0.60 cm

Atotal(eff)= 124.00 cm2

y'= 41.20 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -1.00
Ix= 133042.13 cm4
Zxt= 3229.18 cm3 Zxc= 3229.18 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 1.44
qb= 0.79 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 107145.00 cm4 Iy= 3125.00 cm4

ix (bukling)= 30.00 cm iy= 5.02 cm
λx= 33.33333
λy= 89.63928
λmax= 89.63928
Fex= 6.75 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 1.015248 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 28.20 t.m

M2= 50.30 t.m
Cb= 1.26
hweb/6= 13.33 cm be1= 16.00
rt= 6.20 cm
Lu/rt= 72.60

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 263.52 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 175.24 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 0.81 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 49.61
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 111.03
Fltb2= 1.84 t/cm2
Fltb= 2.01
Fbcx= 2.01 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.423387 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.417028 A1= 1

Fbx= 0.873287 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.85 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.18 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 1.33 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Design of Sec (3-3)
Straining Actions
Mx= 50.3 mt Design Combination
N= 51.3 t
Q= 15.4 t D + LIVE (1+3)
Section
bf= 25 cm
tf= 1.5 cm
hw= 80 cm
tw= 0.8 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 139.00 cm2
Ix= 158675.52 cm4 ix= 33.79 cm
Iy= 3906.25 cm4 iy= 5.30 cm
Zx= 3823.51 cm3 Zy= 312.50 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 4.5 m
Lu(actual)= 4.5 m
Lbx= 10 m
Lby= 4.5 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 100 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 100.14
Non-compact Section
Flange
c/tf= 8.066667 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Non-Compact Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Non-Compact

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 12.5 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.55
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
be=ρxbf= 25.00 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -1 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 23.90
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.88
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 40.00 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 40.00 cm
be=ρxbc= 40.00 cm
be1=0.4be= 16.00 cm
be2=be-be1= 24.00 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 37.50 cm2 y1= 82.25 cm
A2= 12.80 cm2 y2= 73.50 cm
A3= 51.20 cm2 y3= 33.50 cm
A4= 37.50 cm2 y4= 0.75 cm

Atotal(eff)= 139.00 cm2

y'= 41.50 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -1.00
Ix= 158689.58 cm4
Zxt= 3823.85 cm3 Zxc= 3823.85 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 1.44
qb= 0.79 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 107145.00 cm4 Iy= 3906.25 cm4

ix (bukling)= 30.00 cm iy= 5.30 cm
λx= 33.33333
λy= 84.88675
λmax= 84.88675
Fex= 6.75 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 1.127222 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 50.30 t.m

M2= 0.00 t.m
Cb= 1.75
hweb/6= 13.33 cm be1= 16.00
rt= 6.37 cm
Lu/rt= 70.67

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 263.52 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 303.09 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 1.41 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 58.57
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 131.08
Fltb2= 1.99 t/cm2
Fltb= 2.09
Fbcx= 2.09 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.369065 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.327411 A1= 1

Fbx= 1.31543 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.96 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.24 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 1.74 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Design of Sec (4-4)
Straining Actions
Mx= 0.1 mt Design Combination
N= 88.8 t
Q= 8.8 t D + LIVE (2+3)
Section
bf= 30 cm
tf= 1.2 cm
hw= 25 cm
tw= 1 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 97.00 cm2
Ix= 13658.00 cm4 ix= 11.87 cm
Iy= 5400.00 cm4 iy= 7.46 cm
Zx= 996.93 cm3 Zy= 360.00 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 4.5 m
Lu(actual)= 4.5 m
Lbx= 10 m
Lby= 5.2 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 25 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 94.47
Compact Section
Flange
c/tf= 12.08333 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Slender Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Slender Section

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 15 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.82
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 0.92
be=ρxbf= 27.62 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -0.94 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 22.47
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.23
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 12.89 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 12.11 cm
be=ρxbc= 12.89 cm
be1=0.4be= 5.15 cm
be2=be-be1= 7.73 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 33.14 cm2 y1= 26.80 cm
A2= 5.15 cm2 y2= 23.62 cm
A3= 19.85 cm2 y3= 11.12 cm
A4= 36.00 cm2 y4= 0.60 cm

Atotal(eff)= 94.14 cm2

y'= 13.30 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -0.94
Ix= 13160.52 cm4
Zxt= 989.37 cm3 Zxc= 933.50 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 0.36
qb= 1.26 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 70310.00 cm4 Iy= 5400.00 cm4

ix (bukling)= 24.00 cm iy= 7.46 cm
λx= 41.66667
λy= 69.69351
λmax= 69.69351
Fex= 4.32 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 1.44428 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 0.10 t.m

M2= 0.00 t.m
Cb= 1.75
hweb/6= 4.17 cm be1= 5.15
rt= 7.51 cm
Lu/rt= 59.89

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 316.23 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 811.36 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 2.09 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 58.57
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 131.08
Fltb2= 2.08 t/cm2
Fltb= 2.09
Fbcx= 2.09 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.915464 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.633855 A1= 1.078561

Fbx= 0.010712 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.64 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.35 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 1.11 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Design of Sec (5-5)
Straining Actions
Mx= 20.6 mt Design Combination
N= 66.3 t
Q= 9.6 t D + LIVE (1+3)
Section
bf= 30 cm
tf= 1.2 cm
hw= 50 cm
tw= 1 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 122.00 cm2
Ix= 57602.59 cm4 ix= 21.73 cm
Iy= 5400.00 cm4 iy= 6.65 cm
Zx= 2198.57 cm3 Zy= 360.00 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 4.5 m
Lu(actual)= 4.5 m
Lbx= 10 m
Lby= 5.2 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 50 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 95.37
Compact Section
Flange
c/tf= 12.08333 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Slender Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Slender Section

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 15 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.82
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 0.92
be=ρxbf= 27.62 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -0.95 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 22.71
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.45
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 25.64 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 24.36 cm
be=ρxbc= 25.64 cm
be1=0.4be= 10.26 cm
be2=be-be1= 15.38 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 33.14 cm2 y1= 51.80 cm
A2= 10.26 cm2 y2= 46.07 cm
A3= 39.74 cm2 y3= 21.07 cm
A4= 36.00 cm2 y4= 0.60 cm

Atotal(eff)= 119.14 cm2

y'= 25.59 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -0.95
Ix= 55691.30 cm4
Zxt= 2176.68 cm3 Zxc= 2076.90 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 0.72
qb= 1.26 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 70310.00 cm4 Iy= 5400.00 cm4

ix (bukling)= 24.00 cm iy= 6.65 cm
λx= 41.66667
λy= 78.16033
λmax= 78.16033
Fex= 4.32 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 1.27528 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 20.60 t.m

M2= 38.20 t.m
Cb= 1.27
hweb/6= 8.33 cm be1= 10.26
rt= 7.13 cm
Lu/rt= 63.15

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 316.23 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 308.14 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 1.43 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 49.91
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 111.71
Fltb2= 1.96 t/cm2
Fltb= 2.09
Fbcx= 2.09 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.543443 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.426136 A1= 1

Fbx= 0.991863 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.90 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.19 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 1.57 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Design of Sec (6-6)
Straining Actions
Mx= 38.2 mt Design Combination
N= 66.1 t
Q= 9.6 t D + LIVE (1+3)
Section
bf= 30 cm
tf= 1.2 cm
hw= 75 cm
tw= 1 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 147.00 cm2
Ix= 139672.17 cm4 ix= 30.82 cm
Iy= 5400.00 cm4 iy= 6.06 cm
Zx= 3609.10 cm3 Zy= 360.00 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 4.5 m
Lu(actual)= 4.5 m
Lbx= 10 m
Lby= 4.5 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 75 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 96.29
Non-compact Section
Flange
c/tf= 12.08333 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Slender Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Slender Section

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 15 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.82
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 0.92
be=ρxbf= 27.62 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -0.96 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 22.95
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.68
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 38.27 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 36.73 cm
be=ρxbc= 38.27 cm
be1=0.4be= 15.31 cm
be2=be-be1= 22.96 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 33.14 cm2 y1= 76.80 cm
A2= 15.31 cm2 y2= 68.55 cm
A3= 59.69 cm2 y3= 31.05 cm
A4= 36.00 cm2 y4= 0.60 cm

Atotal(eff)= 144.14 cm2

y'= 37.94 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -0.96
Ix= 135445.91 cm4
Zxt= 3569.63 cm3 Zxc= 3432.83 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 1.08
qb= 1.04 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 70310.00 cm4 Iy= 5400.00 cm4

ix (bukling)= 24.00 cm iy= 6.06 cm
λx= 41.66667
λy= 74.24621
λmax= 74.24621
Fex= 4.32 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 1.355813 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 38.20 t.m

M2= 0.00 t.m
Cb= 1.75
hweb/6= 12.50 cm be1= 15.31
rt= 6.79 cm
Lu/rt= 66.24

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 316.23 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 287.22 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 1.33 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 58.57
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 131.08
Fltb2= 2.03 t/cm2
Fltb= 2.09
Fbcx= 2.09 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.44966 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.331653 A1= 1

Fbx= 1.112785 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.86 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.13 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 1.58 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Design of Sec (6-6)
Straining Actions
Mx= 35.1 mt Design Combination
N= 88.4 t
Q= 8.8 t D + LIVE (2+3)
Section
bf= 30 cm
tf= 1.2 cm
hw= 75 cm
tw= 1 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 147.00 cm2
Ix= 139672.17 cm4 ix= 30.82 cm
Iy= 5400.00 cm4 iy= 6.06 cm
Zx= 3609.10 cm3 Zy= 360.00 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 4.5 m
Lu(actual)= 4.5 m
Lbx= 10 m
Lby= 4.5 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 75 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 96.29
Non-compact Section
Flange
c/tf= 12.08333 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Slender Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Slender Section

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 15 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.82
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 0.92
be=ρxbf= 27.62 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -0.96 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 22.95
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.68
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 38.27 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 36.73 cm
be=ρxbc= 38.27 cm
be1=0.4be= 15.31 cm
be2=be-be1= 22.96 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 33.14 cm2 y1= 76.80 cm
A2= 15.31 cm2 y2= 68.55 cm
A3= 59.69 cm2 y3= 31.05 cm
A4= 36.00 cm2 y4= 0.60 cm

Atotal(eff)= 144.14 cm2

y'= 37.94 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -0.96
Ix= 135445.91 cm4
Zxt= 3569.63 cm3 Zxc= 3432.83 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 1.08
qb= 1.04 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 70310.00 cm4 Iy= 5400.00 cm4

ix (bukling)= 24.00 cm iy= 6.06 cm
λx= 41.66667
λy= 74.24621
λmax= 74.24621
Fex= 4.32 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 1.355813 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 35.10 t.m

M2= 0.00 t.m
Cb= 1.75
hweb/6= 12.50 cm be1= 15.31
rt= 6.79 cm
Lu/rt= 66.24

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 316.23 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 287.22 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 1.33 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 58.57
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 131.08
Fltb2= 2.03 t/cm2
Fltb= 2.09
Fbcx= 2.09 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.601361 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.443543 A1= 1

Fbx= 1.022481 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.93 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.12 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 1.64 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Design of Sec (7-7)
Straining Actions
Mx= 0.1 mt Design Combination
N= 45 t
Q= 0.12 t D + LIVE (1+2)
Section
bf= 25 cm
tf= 0.8 cm
hw= 25 cm
tw= 0.6 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 55.00 cm2
Ix= 7437.65 cm4 ix= 11.63 cm
Iy= 2083.33 cm4 iy= 6.15 cm
Zx= 559.22 cm3 Zy= 166.67 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 4.5 m
Lu(actual)= 4.5 m
Lbx= 10 m
Lby= 4.5 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 41.66667 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 87.08
Compact Section
Flange
c/tf= 15.25 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Slender Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Slender Section

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 12.5 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 1.03
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 0.78
be=ρxbf= 19.59 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -0.85 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 20.33
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.40
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 13.51 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 11.49 cm
be=ρxbc= 13.51 cm
be1=0.4be= 5.41 cm
be2=be-be1= 8.11 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 15.68 cm2 y1= 26.20 cm
A2= 3.24 cm2 y2= 23.10 cm
A3= 11.76 cm2 y3= 10.60 cm
A4= 20.00 cm2 y4= 0.40 cm

Atotal(eff)= 50.68 cm2

y'= 12.20 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -0.85
Ix= 6658.58 cm4
Zxt= 545.82 cm3 Zxc= 462.38 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 0.60
qb= 1.26 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 70310.00 cm4 Iy= 2083.33 cm4

ix (bukling)= 24.00 cm iy= 6.15 cm
λx= 41.66667
λy= 73.11635
λmax= 73.11635
Fex= 4.32 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 1.37829 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 0.10 t.m

M2= 0.10 t.m
Cb= 1.00
hweb/6= 4.17 cm be1= 5.41
rt= 5.25 cm
Lu/rt= 85.66

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 263.52 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 225.91 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 1.05 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 44.27
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 99.08
Fltb2= 1.50 t/cm2
Fltb= 1.83
Fbcx= 1.83 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.818182 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.593621 A1= 1.048598

Fbx= 0.021627 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.61 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.01 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 0.84 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Design of Sec (8-8)
Straining Actions
Mx= 2.8 mt Design Combination
N= 15.2 t
Q= 1.25 t D + LIVE (2+3)
Section
bf= 25 cm
tf= 0.8 cm
hw= 37.5 cm
tw= 0.6 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 62.50 cm2
Ix= 17305.62 cm4 ix= 16.64 cm
Iy= 2083.33 cm4 iy= 5.77 cm
Zx= 885.20 cm3 Zy= 166.67 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 4.5 m
Lu(actual)= 4.5 m
Lbx= 10 m
Lby= 4.5 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 62.5 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 87.84
Compact Section
Flange
c/tf= 15.25 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Slender Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Slender Section

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 12.5 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 1.03
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 0.78
be=ρxbf= 19.59 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -0.86 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 20.56
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.59
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 20.16 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 17.34 cm
be=ρxbc= 20.16 cm
be1=0.4be= 8.06 cm
be2=be-be1= 12.10 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 15.68 cm2 y1= 38.70 cm
A2= 4.84 cm2 y2= 34.27 cm
A3= 17.66 cm2 y3= 15.52 cm
A4= 20.00 cm2 y4= 0.40 cm

Atotal(eff)= 58.18 cm2

y'= 18.13 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -0.86
Ix= 15603.91 cm4
Zxt= 860.83 cm3 Zxc= 743.99 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 0.90
qb= 1.18 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 70310.00 cm4 Iy= 2083.33 cm4

ix (bukling)= 24.00 cm iy= 5.77 cm
λx= 41.66667
λy= 77.94229
λmax= 77.94229
Fex= 4.32 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 1.279875 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 2.80 t.m

M2= 0.00 t.m
Cb= 1.75
hweb/6= 6.25 cm be1= 8.06
rt= 5.08 cm
Lu/rt= 88.56

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 263.52 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 268.95 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 1.25 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 58.57
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 131.08
Fltb2= 1.81 t/cm2
Fltb= 2.09
Fbcx= 2.09 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.2432 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.190019 A1= 1

Fbx= 0.376351 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.37 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.06 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 0.63 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Design of Sec (9-9)
Straining Actions
Mx= 5.3 mt Design Combination
N= 15.1 t
Q= 1.25 t D + LIVE (2+3)
Section
bf= 25 cm
tf= 0.8 cm
hw= 50 cm
tw= 0.6 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 70.00 cm2
Ix= 32056.40 cm4 ix= 21.40 cm
Iy= 2083.33 cm4 iy= 5.46 cm
Zx= 1242.50 cm3 Zy= 166.67 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 4.5 m
Lu(actual)= 4.5 m
Lbx= 10 m
Lby= 4.5 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 83.33333 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 89.41
Non-compact Section
Flange
c/tf= 15.25 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Slender Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Slender Section

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 12.5 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 1.03
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 0.78
be=ρxbf= 19.59 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -0.88 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 21.04
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.78
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 26.60 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 23.40 cm
be=ρxbc= 26.60 cm
be1=0.4be= 10.64 cm
be2=be-be1= 15.96 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 15.68 cm2 y1= 51.20 cm
A2= 6.38 cm2 y2= 45.48 cm
A3= 23.62 cm2 y3= 20.48 cm
A4= 20.00 cm2 y4= 0.40 cm

Atotal(eff)= 65.68 cm2

y'= 24.13 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -0.88
Ix= 29084.89 cm4
Zxt= 1205.46 cm3 Zxc= 1058.70 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 1.20
qb= 0.94 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 70310.00 cm4 Iy= 2083.33 cm4

ix (bukling)= 24.00 cm iy= 5.46 cm
λx= 41.66667
λy= 82.48636
λmax= 82.48636
Fex= 4.32 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 1.18146 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 5.30 t.m

M2= 0.00 t.m
Cb= 1.75
hweb/6= 8.33 cm be1= 10.64
rt= 4.93 cm
Lu/rt= 91.36

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 263.52 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 203.80 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 0.95 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 58.57
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 131.08
Fltb2= 1.78 t/cm2
Fltb= 2.01
Fbcx= 2.01 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.215714 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.182583 A1= 1

Fbx= 0.500615 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.43 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.04 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 0.72 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Design of Sec (9-9)
Straining Actions
Mx= 0.55 mt Design Combination
N= 45 t
Q= 0.12 t D + LIVE (1+2)
Section
bf= 25 cm
tf= 0.8 cm
hw= 50 cm
tw= 0.6 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 70.00 cm2
Ix= 32056.40 cm4 ix= 21.40 cm
Iy= 2083.33 cm4 iy= 5.46 cm
Zx= 1242.50 cm3 Zy= 166.67 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 4.5 m
Lu(actual)= 4.5 m
Lbx= 10 m
Lby= 4.5 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 83.33333 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 89.41
Non-compact Section
Flange
c/tf= 15.25 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Slender Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Slender Section

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 12.5 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 1.03
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 0.78
be=ρxbf= 19.59 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -0.88 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 21.04
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.78
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 26.60 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 23.40 cm
be=ρxbc= 26.60 cm
be1=0.4be= 10.64 cm
be2=be-be1= 15.96 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 15.68 cm2 y1= 51.20 cm
A2= 6.38 cm2 y2= 45.48 cm
A3= 23.62 cm2 y3= 20.48 cm
A4= 20.00 cm2 y4= 0.40 cm

Atotal(eff)= 65.68 cm2

y'= 24.13 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -0.88
Ix= 29084.89 cm4
Zxt= 1205.46 cm3 Zxc= 1058.70 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 1.20
qb= 0.94 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 70310.00 cm4 Iy= 2083.33 cm4

ix (bukling)= 24.00 cm iy= 5.46 cm
λx= 41.66667
λy= 82.48636
λmax= 82.48636
Fex= 4.32 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 1.18146 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 0.55 t.m

M2= 0.00 t.m
Cb= 1.75
hweb/6= 8.33 cm be1= 10.64
rt= 4.93 cm
Lu/rt= 91.36

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 263.52 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 203.80 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 0.95 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 58.57
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 131.08
Fltb2= 1.78 t/cm2
Fltb= 2.01
Fbcx= 2.01 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.642857 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.544121 A1= 1

Fbx= 0.051951 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.57 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.00 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 0.69 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Design of Sec (10-10)
Straining Actions
Mx= 75 mt Design Combination
N= 13.4 t
Q= 45.8 t D + LIVE (R+1+2+3)
Section
bf= 25 cm
tf= 1.2 cm
hw= 120 cm
tw= 1 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 180.00 cm2
Ix= 364341.60 cm4 ix= 44.99 cm
Iy= 3125.00 cm4 iy= 4.17 cm
Zx= 5953.29 cm3 Zy= 250.00 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 12 m
Lu(actual)= 3 m
Lbx= 10 m
Lby= 3 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 120 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 93.59
Slender Section
Flange
c/tf= 10 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Non-Compact Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Slender Section

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 12.5 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.69
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
be=ρxbf= 25.00 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -0.93 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 22.23
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 1.10
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 0.83
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 62.18 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 57.82 cm
be=ρxbc= 51.31 cm
be1=0.4be= 20.52 cm
be2=be-be1= 30.79 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 30.00 cm2 y1= 121.80 cm
A2= 20.52 cm2 y2= 110.94 cm
A3= 88.61 cm2 y3= 45.51 cm
A4= 30.00 cm2 y4= 0.60 cm

Atotal(eff)= 169.14 cm2

y'= 59.01 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -0.93
Ix= 350841.56 cm4
Zxt= 5945.14 cm3 Zxc= 5534.93 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 1.73
qb= 0.66 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 228970.00 cm4 Iy= 3125.00 cm4

ix (bukling)= 35.00 cm iy= 4.17 cm
λx= 28.57143
λy= 72
λmax= 72
Fex= 9.1875 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 1.40016 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 75.00 t.m

M2= 34.20 t.m
Cb= 1.33
hweb/6= 20.00 cm be1= 20.52
rt= 5.59 cm
Lu/rt= 53.67

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 263.52 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 125.30 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 0.87 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 51.13
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 114.42
Fltb2= 2.07 t/cm2
Fltb= 2.09
Fbcx= 2.09 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.074444 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.053169 A1= 1

Fbx= 1.355031 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.70 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.38 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 1.57 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Design of Sec (11-11)
Straining Actions
Mx= 54.1 mt Design Combination
N= 8.6 t
Q= 33.45 t D + LIVE (1+3)
Section
bf= 25 cm
tf= 1.2 cm
hw= 80 cm
tw= 0.8 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 124.00 cm2
Ix= 133034.93 cm4 ix= 32.75 cm
Iy= 3125.00 cm4 iy= 5.02 cm
Zx= 3229.00 cm3 Zy= 250.00 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 12 m
Lu(actual)= 3 m
Lbx= 10 m
Lby= 3 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 100 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 100.14
Non-compact Section
Flange
c/tf= 10.08333 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Non-Compact Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Non-Compact

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 12.5 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.69
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
be=ρxbf= 25.00 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -1 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 23.90
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.88
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 40.00 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 40.00 cm
be=ρxbc= 40.00 cm
be1=0.4be= 16.00 cm
be2=be-be1= 24.00 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 30.00 cm2 y1= 81.80 cm
A2= 12.80 cm2 y2= 73.20 cm
A3= 51.20 cm2 y3= 33.20 cm
A4= 30.00 cm2 y4= 0.60 cm

Atotal(eff)= 124.00 cm2

y'= 41.20 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -1.00
Ix= 133042.13 cm4
Zxt= 3229.18 cm3 Zxc= 3229.18 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 1.44
qb= 0.79 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 228970.00 cm4 Iy= 3125.00 cm4

ix (bukling)= 35.00 cm iy= 5.02 cm
λx= 28.57143
λy= 59.75952
λmax= 59.75952
Fex= 9.1875 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 1.617888 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 54.10 t.m

M2= 54.10 t.m
Cb= 1.00
hweb/6= 13.33 cm be1= 16.00
rt= 6.20 cm
Lu/rt= 48.40

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 263.52 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 139.56 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 0.97 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 44.27
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 99.08
Fltb2= 2.05 t/cm2
Fltb= 2.09
Fbcx= 2.09 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.069355 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.042868 A1= 1

Fbx= 1.675349 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.85 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.52 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 1.97 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Design of Sec (12-12)
Straining Actions
Mx= 98.5 mt Design Combination
N= 12.5 t
Q= 49.5 t D + LIVE (2+3)
Section
bf= 25 cm
tf= 1.2 cm
hw= 120 cm
tw= 1 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 180.00 cm2
Ix= 364341.60 cm4 ix= 44.99 cm
Iy= 3125.00 cm4 iy= 4.17 cm
Zx= 5953.29 cm3 Zy= 250.00 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 12 m
Lu(actual)= 3 m
Lbx= 10 m
Lby= 3 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 120 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 93.59
Slender Section
Flange
c/tf= 10 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Non-Compact Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Slender Section

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 12.5 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.69
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
be=ρxbf= 25.00 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -0.93 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 22.23
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 1.10
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 0.83
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 62.18 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 57.82 cm
be=ρxbc= 51.31 cm
be1=0.4be= 20.52 cm
be2=be-be1= 30.79 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 30.00 cm2 y1= 121.80 cm
A2= 20.52 cm2 y2= 110.94 cm
A3= 88.61 cm2 y3= 45.51 cm
A4= 30.00 cm2 y4= 0.60 cm

Atotal(eff)= 169.14 cm2

y'= 59.01 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -0.93
Ix= 350841.56 cm4
Zxt= 5945.14 cm3 Zxc= 5534.93 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 1.73
qb= 0.66 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 228970.00 cm4 Iy= 3125.00 cm4

ix (bukling)= 35.00 cm iy= 4.17 cm
λx= 28.57143
λy= 72
λmax= 72
Fex= 9.1875 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 1.40016 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 98.50 t.m

M2= 53.70 t.m
Cb= 1.27
hweb/6= 20.00 cm be1= 20.52
rt= 5.59 cm
Lu/rt= 53.67

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 263.52 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 119.01 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 0.83 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 49.83
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 111.52
Fltb2= 2.05 t/cm2
Fltb= 2.09
Fbcx= 2.09 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.069444 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.049598 A1= 1

Fbx= 1.779608 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.90 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.41 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 1.98 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Design of Sec (13-13)
Straining Actions
Mx= 26.62 mt Design Combination
N= 1.25 t
Q= 11.1 t D + LIVE (1+3)
Section
bf= 25 cm
tf= 0.8 cm
hw= 80 cm
tw= 0.6 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 88.00 cm2
Ix= 90886.40 cm4 ix= 32.14 cm
Iy= 2083.33 cm4 iy= 4.87 cm
Zx= 2227.61 cm3 Zy= 166.67 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 6 m
Lu(actual)= 4 m
Lbx= 6 m
Lby= 3 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 133.3333 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 83.45
Slender Section
Flange
c/tf= 15.25 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Slender Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Slender Section

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 12.5 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 1.03
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 0.78
be=ρxbf= 19.59 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -0.8 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 19.17
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 1.31
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 0.70
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 44.44 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 35.56 cm
be=ρxbc= 31.01 cm
be1=0.4be= 12.40 cm
be2=be-be1= 18.60 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 15.68 cm2 y1= 81.20 cm
A2= 7.44 cm2 y2= 74.60 cm
A3= 32.50 cm2 y3= 27.88 cm
A4= 20.00 cm2 y4= 0.40 cm

Atotal(eff)= 75.61 cm2

y'= 36.26 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -0.80
Ix= 78639.12 cm4
Zxt= 2168.54 cm3 Zxc= 1734.57 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 1.92
qb= 0.59 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 228970.00 cm4 Iy= 2083.33 cm4

ix (bukling)= 35.00 cm iy= 4.87 cm
λx= 17.14286
λy= 61.65712
λmax= 61.65712
Fex= 25.52083 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 1.586784 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 26.62 t.m

M2= 1.70 t.m
Cb= 1.68
hweb/6= 13.33 cm be1= 12.40
rt= 4.66 cm
Lu/rt= 85.87

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 263.52 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 124.02 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 0.65 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 57.45
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 128.59
Fltb2= 1.82 t/cm2
Fltb= 1.93
Fbcx= 1.93 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.014205 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.008952 A1= 1

Fbx= 1.534673 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.80 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.23 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 1.60 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Design of Sec (14-14)
Straining Actions
Mx= 50.6 mt Design Combination
N= 2.9 t
Q= 31.8 t D + LIVE (R+1+2+3)
Section
bf= 25 cm
tf= 1.2 cm
hw= 120 cm
tw= 1 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 180.00 cm2
Ix= 364341.60 cm4 ix= 44.99 cm
Iy= 3125.00 cm4 iy= 4.17 cm
Zx= 5953.29 cm3 Zy= 250.00 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 6 m
Lu(actual)= 3 m
Lbx= 6 m
Lby= 3 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 120 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 93.59
Slender Section
Flange
c/tf= 10 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Non-Compact Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Slender Section

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 12.5 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.69
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
be=ρxbf= 25.00 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -0.93 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 22.23
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 1.10
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 0.83
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 62.18 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 57.82 cm
be=ρxbc= 51.31 cm
be1=0.4be= 20.52 cm
be2=be-be1= 30.79 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 30.00 cm2 y1= 121.80 cm
A2= 20.52 cm2 y2= 110.94 cm
A3= 88.61 cm2 y3= 45.51 cm
A4= 30.00 cm2 y4= 0.60 cm

Atotal(eff)= 169.14 cm2

y'= 59.01 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -0.93
Ix= 350841.56 cm4
Zxt= 5945.14 cm3 Zxc= 5534.93 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 1.73
qb= 0.66 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 228970.00 cm4 Iy= 3125.00 cm4

ix (bukling)= 35.00 cm iy= 4.17 cm
λx= 17.14286
λy= 72
λmax= 72
Fex= 25.52083 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 1.40016 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 50.60 t.m

M2= 18.50 t.m
Cb= 1.41
hweb/6= 20.00 cm be1= 20.52
rt= 5.59 cm
Lu/rt= 53.67

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 263.52 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 132.12 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 0.92 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 52.50
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 117.50
Fltb2= 2.08 t/cm2
Fltb= 2.09
Fbcx= 2.09 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.016111 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.011507 A1= 1

Fbx= 0.914194 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.45 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.27 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 1.04 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Design of Sec (15-15)
Straining Actions
Mx= 17.85 mt Design Combination
N= 6.4 t
Q= 8.9 t D + LIVE (R)
Section
bf= 25 cm
tf= 0.8 cm
hw= 80 cm
tw= 0.8 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 104.00 cm2
Ix= 99419.73 cm4 ix= 30.92 cm
Iy= 2083.33 cm4 iy= 4.48 cm
Zx= 2436.76 cm3 Zy= 166.67 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 4.5 m
Lu(actual)= 4.5 m
Lbx= 10 m
Lby= 4.5 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 100 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 91.04
Slender Section
Flange
c/tf= 15.125 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Slender Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Slender Section

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 12.5 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 1.03
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 0.78
be=ρxbf= 19.59 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -0.9 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 21.51
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.93
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 0.95
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 42.11 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 37.89 cm
be=ρxbc= 40.18 cm
be1=0.4be= 16.07 cm
be2=be-be1= 24.11 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 15.68 cm2 y1= 81.20 cm
A2= 12.86 cm2 y2= 72.76 cm
A3= 49.60 cm2 y3= 31.80 cm
A4= 20.00 cm2 y4= 0.40 cm

Atotal(eff)= 98.13 cm2

y'= 38.66 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -0.90
Ix= 91099.13 cm4
Zxt= 2356.51 cm3 Zxc= 2121.47 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 1.44
qb= 0.79 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 107145.00 cm4 Iy= 2083.33 cm4

ix (bukling)= 30.00 cm iy= 4.48 cm
λx= 33.33333
λy= 100.5425
λmax= 100.5425
Fex= 6.75 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 0.741928 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 17.85 t.m

M2= -21.60 t.m
Cb= 2.30
hweb/6= 13.33 cm be1= 16.07
rt= 4.36 cm
Lu/rt= 103.13

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 263.52 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 169.37 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 0.79 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 67.14
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 150.27
Fltb2= 1.79 t/cm2
Fltb= 1.96
Fbcx= 1.96 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.061538 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.082944 A1= 1

Fbx= 0.841398 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.51 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.14 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 0.93 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Design of Sec (16-16)
Straining Actions
Mx= 19 mt Design Combination
N= 9.75 t
Q= 4.65 t D + LIVE (R)
Section
bf= 25 cm
tf= 0.8 cm
hw= 80 cm
tw= 0.6 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 88.00 cm2
Ix= 90886.40 cm4 ix= 32.14 cm
Iy= 2083.33 cm4 iy= 4.87 cm
Zx= 2227.61 cm3 Zy= 166.67 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 24 m
Lu(actual)= 1.6 m
Lbx= 20.4 m
Lby= 6.5 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 133.3333 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 83.45
Slender Section
Flange
c/tf= 15.25 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Slender Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Slender Section

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 12.5 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 1.03
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 0.78
be=ρxbf= 19.59 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -0.8 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 19.17
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 1.31
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 0.70
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 44.44 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 35.56 cm
be=ρxbc= 31.01 cm
be1=0.4be= 12.40 cm
be2=be-be1= 18.60 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 15.68 cm2 y1= 81.20 cm
A2= 7.44 cm2 y2= 74.60 cm
A3= 32.50 cm2 y3= 27.88 cm
A4= 20.00 cm2 y4= 0.40 cm

Atotal(eff)= 75.61 cm2

y'= 36.26 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -0.80
Ix= 78639.12 cm4
Zxt= 2168.54 cm3 Zxc= 1734.57 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 1.92
qb= 0.59 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 36776.00 cm4 Iy= 2083.33 cm4

ix (bukling)= 24.00 cm iy= 4.87 cm
λx= 85
λy= 133.5904
λmax= 133.5904
Fex= 1.038062 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 0.420253 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 19.00 t.m

M2= 13.35 t.m
Cb= 1.16
hweb/6= 13.33 cm be1= 12.40
rt= 4.66 cm
Lu/rt= 34.35

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 263.52 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 85.45 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 1.11 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 47.69
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 106.73
Fltb2= 2.09 t/cm2
Fltb= 2.09
Fbcx= 2.09 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.110795 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.26364 A1= 1

Fbx= 1.095372 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.79 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.10 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 1.22 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Design of Sec (17- 17)
Straining Actions
Mx= 6.75 mt Design Combination
N= 12.15 t
Q= 2.6 t D + LIVE (R+1+2+3)
Section
bf= 25 cm
tf= 0.8 cm
hw= 40 cm
tw= 0.5 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 60.00 cm2
Ix= 19313.07 cm4 ix= 17.94 cm
Iy= 2083.33 cm4 iy= 5.89 cm
Zx= 928.51 cm3 Zy= 166.67 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 24 m
Lu(actual)= 1.6 m
Lbx= 20.4 m
Lby= 6.5 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 80 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 87.84
Non-compact Section
Flange
c/tf= 15.3125 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Slender Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Slender Section

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 12.5 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 1.03
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 0.78
be=ρxbf= 19.59 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -0.86 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 20.56
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.76
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 21.51 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 18.49 cm
be=ρxbc= 21.51 cm
be1=0.4be= 8.60 cm
be2=be-be1= 12.90 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 15.68 cm2 y1= 41.20 cm
A2= 4.30 cm2 y2= 36.50 cm
A3= 15.70 cm2 y3= 16.50 cm
A4= 20.00 cm2 y4= 0.40 cm

Atotal(eff)= 55.68 cm2

y'= 19.22 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -0.86
Ix= 17375.69 cm4
Zxt= 904.25 cm3 Zxc= 776.24 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 1.15
qb= 0.98 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 36776.00 cm4 Iy= 2083.33 cm4

ix (bukling)= 24.00 cm iy= 5.89 cm
λx= 85
λy= 110.3087
λmax= 110.3087
Fex= 1.038062 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 0.616371 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 6.75 t.m

M2= 6.75 t.m
Cb= 1.00
hweb/6= 6.67 cm be1= 8.60
rt= 5.14 cm
Lu/rt= 31.15

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 263.52 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 144.45 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 1.88 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 44.27
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 99.08
Fltb2= 2.09 t/cm2
Fltb= 2.09
Fbcx= 2.09 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.2025 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.328536 A1= 1.055999

Fbx= 0.869574 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.77 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.13 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 1.10 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Design of Sec (18-18)
Straining Actions
Mx= 4.5 mt Design Combination
N= 8.85 t
Q= 0.85 t D + LIVE (R)
Section
bf= 25 cm
tf= 0.8 cm
hw= 40 cm
tw= 0.5 cm
Steel 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Properties of Section
A= 60.00 cm2
Ix= 19313.07 cm4 ix= 17.94 cm
Iy= 2083.33 cm4 iy= 5.89 cm
Zx= 928.51 cm3 Zy= 166.67 cm3
Unsupported Length
L= 24 m
Lu(actual)= 1.6 m
Lbx= 20.4 m
Lby= 6.5 m
Allowable Stresses
Web
α= 0.5
hw/tw= 80 Compact Limit= 66.98
Non-compact Limit= 87.84
Non-compact Section
Flange
c/tf= 15.3125 Compact Limit= 8.06
Non-Compact Limit= 11.07
Slender Section
The Whole Section is Considered as Slender Section

Effective Section Calculations

Flange Reduction (Unstiffrned)

ψ= 1 Kσ= 0.43
c=bf/2 12.5 λp= ((c/tf)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 1.03
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 0.78
be=ρxbf= 19.59 cm

Web Reduction (stiffrned)

ψ= -0.86 Kσ= 16/((1+ψ)^2+0.112*(1-ψ)^2)^.5+(1+ψ)= 20.56
λp= ((Dw/tw)/44)x(Fy/Kσ)^.5= 0.76
ρ= (λp-0.15-0.05ψ)/λp^2<1= 1.00
bc= dw/(1-ψ)= 21.51 cm
bt= dwx(ψ/ψ−1)= 18.49 cm
be=ρxbc= 21.51 cm
be1=0.4be= 8.60 cm
be2=be-be1= 12.90 cm
Effective Section Properties

Center of Gravity
A1= 15.68 cm2 y1= 41.20 cm
A2= 4.30 cm2 y2= 36.50 cm
A3= 15.70 cm2 y3= 16.50 cm
A4= 20.00 cm2 y4= 0.40 cm

Atotal(eff)= 55.68 cm2

y'= 19.22 cm ψactual(web)= yt/yc= -0.86
Ix= 17375.69 cm4
Zxt= 904.25 cm3 Zxc= 776.24 cm3

Check of Stresses
Allowable Stresses in Shear

kq= 5.34 for Unstiffened Web

λq= (d/tw)/57x(Fy/kq)= 1.15
qb= 0.98 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Axial Compression

Ix (bukling)= 36776.00 cm4 Iy= 2083.33 cm4

ix (bukling)= 24.00 cm iy= 5.89 cm
λx= 85
λy= 110.3087
λmax= 110.3087
Fex= 1.038062 t/cm2 Cm= 0.85
Fc= 0.616371 t/cm2

Allowable Stresses in Bending

M1= 4.50 t.m

M2= 4.50 t.m
Cb= 1.00
hweb/6= 6.67 cm be1= 8.60
rt= 5.14 cm
Lu/rt= 31.15

Lu(max)<20bf/(Fy)^.5= 263.52 cm
Lu(max)<1380*Af*Cb/(d*Fy)= 144.45 cm

Lu(actual)>Lu(max) Lateral Torsional Buckling Should be Considered

Fltb1= 1.88 t/cm2

84*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 44.27
188*(Cb/Fy)^.5= 99.08
Fltb2= 2.09 t/cm2
Fltb= 2.09
Fbcx= 2.09 t/cm2
Check of Stresses

Fca= 0.1475 t/cm2 Fca/Fc= 0.239304 A1= 1

Fbx= 0.579716 t/cm2

Fca/Fc+A1(Fbx/Fbcx)= 0.52 SAFE

q=Q/(hw.tw)= 0.04 t/cm2

Fe=((Fca+Fbx)^2+3q^2)^.5= 0.73 t/cm2 SAFE

Fe<=1.1*Fall= 2.30
 Secondary Beam End Plate Connection

Connection For (B1) :

Steel Grade 52
Fy = 3.6 t/cm2
Fus = 5.2 t/cm2

Beam Dimension

bf = 20.0 cm
tf = 0.8 cm
hw = 40.0 cm
tw = 0.5 cm

Bolts group properties

Bolts Grade 10.9
Fub = 10 t/cm2
d= 1.6 cm
no of bolts = 8 bolts
Supported
e1 = 4.0 cm Beam

tf
p1 e1

p1 = 8.0 cm
e2 = 4.0 cm Supporting
Beam
p1

p2 = 8.0 cm
L

hw
D
e1 p1

End Plate Dimension

B = 16.0 cm e2 p2 e2
L = 32.0 cm Ok B
tp = 0.8 cm
tf

bf
Straining actions

Qy = 6.00 ton
Qx = 0.00 ton
N = 1.00 ton

Check of Supported Beam Capacity at Connection

Qbeam web = (0.35 Fy) L tw = 20.160 ton

Qbeam web > Qy Safe
Check of Weld Bet. Supported Beam and End Plate
S= 0.5 cm
AW = [2 (L - 2S)] (0.70 S) = 21.700 cm2

qy = Qy / Aw = 0.276 t/cm2 Safe

qx = Qx / Aw = 0.000 t/cm2 Safe
N / Aw = 2
f= 0.046 t/cm Safe

Feff = [f 2+3(qy2+qx2)]0.50 = 0.481 t/cm2 Safe

Check of Bolts Group

As = 0.75 Ab = 1.508 cm2
Rs.s. = (0.25 - 0.2) Fub As= 3.016 ton
Rb = 0.8 d tp Fus = 5.325 ton
Rt = 0.33 Fub As = 4.976 ton

Rsha = (Qx2+Qy2)0.50 = 6.000 ton

F.O.S = (Rsha/Rshall)2+(Rta/Rtall)2 = 0.062 < 1.0 Safe

Check of Shear on End Plate

Av= [2e1+(n-1)p1]tp = 25.600 cm2

A v net = A v - n Dh tp = 19.840 cm2
Fv/2= 0.35 Fy A v net = 24.998 ton
Fv > Qy Safe

Check of Shear block for End Plate

Lv= e1+(n-1)p1 = 28.00 cm

L v net = Lv - (n - 0.5) Dh = 21.70 cm
L t net = e2 - 0.5 Dh = 3.10 cm
Fv/2= 0.4 Fy tp L v net + 0.725 Fy tp L t net
Fv/2= 0.4 Fy tp L v net + 0.725 Fy tp L t net = 31.471 ton
Fv > Qy Safe
 DESIGN OF END PLATE CONNECTION (1)

1-Applied Force:-
Mx= 4000 t.cm Qy= 9.6 t
N= 65 t
Use ST- 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Fu= 5.2 t/cm2
Use Grade 10.9 Fub= 10 t/cm2 Case no 1
2-Dimention:-
rafter Column
dr = 77.4 cm dc = 152.4 cm
t wr = 1 cm t wc = 1 cm
b fr = 30 cm b fc = 25 cm
t fr = 1.2 cm t fc = 1.2 cm

3-Calculation of flange tention force:-

M N
Ff = − = 19.99344 t
d b − t fb 2
4-Weld Size:-
Flange:-
Ff
Sf = = 0.5 cm
.2 × Fu (2 × b fb + 2 × t fb − twb )
Web:-
Q
Sw = = 0.5 cm
2 × .2 × Fu (d b − 2 × t fb − 2 × S f )

5-Approximate selection of bolt size:-

assuming 4 tention bolt type

Text ,b , m = Ft/4 4.99836 t

neglect the effect of prying force in this stage

Text ,b , m
T ≥ = 7.140514 t
(.6 → .7)
From table p.106 ⇒ ∅= 16 mm

6-Approximate design of End plate:-

L=2*Pf+tfb= 7 Pf = 2.9 cm
M=(Ff*L)/8= 17.49426 t.cm

∴b p = b fb + 2.5 = 30 cm

6× M
∴t p = = 1.6 cm
.72 × Fy × b p

7-Calculation of Prying force (P):-

a= 5 cm
b= 5 cm
As= 1.57 cm2
 tp= 1.6 cm
W= 15 cm
k= 0.016697 /cm
P= 2.53168 ton
8-Exact Selection of bolts:-

Text ,b ,m + P ≤ 0.8T
Text ,b , m + P
T ≥ = 9.41255 t
0.8
From table p.106 ⇒ ∅= 16 mm

Ps= 3.95 t
T= 9.89 t
Text ,b ,m
Q − 4Ps (1 − )
N add = T = 2
Ps 2 Bolts

9-Exact Design of End plate:-

bp= 30 cm M1= 12.6584
M2= 12.3334
Mmax= 12.6584
dp= 84.5 cm

6 × M max
∴t p = = 1.397661
.72Fy ×w 1.4 cm

10 a)Check crippling:- k= 2.4 cm

bfb × t fb
= 2.25 > twc Use two stiffeners
5k + 2t p + t fb
Ast= -3.2123 Assume bst=(bfc/2-twc/2)= 12 cm
Take tst= 0.910736 cm
b)Check bending opposite to tension flange :-

.4 × bfb × t fb = 2.4 > tfc Use two stiffeners

bst= 6.25 cm
tst= 0.8 cm
c)Check Column web distortion:-
 M db 
  = 0.269131 < twc no need stiffeners
 (d wc × .35Fy 
 DESIGN OF END PLATE CONNECTION (2)

1-Applied Force:-
Mx= 530 t.cm Qy= 1.25 t
N= 15.1 t
Use ST- 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Fu= 5.2 t/cm2
Use Grade 10.9 Fub= 10 t/cm2 Case no 1
2-Dimention:-
rafter Column
dr = 51.6 cm dc = 81.6 cm
t wr = 0.6 cm t wc = 0.6 cm
b fr = 25 cm b fc = 25 cm
t fr = 0.8 cm t fc = 0.8 cm

3-Calculation of flange tention force:-

M N
Ff = − = 2.883071 t
d b − t fb 2
4-Weld Size:-
Flange:-
Ff
Sf = = 0.5 cm
.2 × Fu (2 × b fb + 2 × t fb − twb )
Web:-
Q
Sw = = 0.5 cm
2 × .2 × Fu (d b − 2 × t fb − 2 × S f )

5-Approximate selection of bolt size:-

assuming 4 tention bolt type

Text ,b , m = Ft/4 0.720768 t

neglect the effect of prying force in this stage

Text ,b , m
T ≥ = 1.029668 t
(.6 → .7)
From table p.106 ⇒ ∅= 12 mm

6-Approximate design of End plate:-

L=2*Pf+tfb= 5.4 Pf = 2.3 cm
M=(Ff*L)/8= 1.946073 t.cm

∴b p = b fb + 2.5 = 25 cm

6× M
∴t p = = 1.6 cm
.72 × Fy × b p

7-Calculation of Prying force (P):-

a= 4 cm
b= 4 cm
As= 0.84 cm2
 tp= 1.6 cm
W= 12.5 cm
k= 0.050794 /cm
P= 0.327609 ton
8-Exact Selection of bolts:-

Text ,b ,m + P ≤ 0.8T
Text ,b , m + P
T ≥ = 1.31047 t
0.8
From table p.106 ⇒ ∅= 12 mm

Ps= 2.11 t
T= 5.29 t
Text ,b ,m
Q − 4Ps (1 − )
N add = T = 2
Ps 2 Bolts

9-Exact Design of End plate:-

bp= 25 cm M1= 1.310434
M2= 1.572637
Mmax= 1.572637
dp= 57.5 cm

6 × M max
∴t p = = 0.539656
.72Fy ×w 0.6 cm

10 a)Check crippling:- k= 1.6 cm

bfb × t fb
= 2 > twc Use two stiffeners
5k + 2t p + t fb
Ast= -2.30961 Assume bst=(bfc/2-twc/2)= 12 cm
Take tst= 0.910736 cm
b)Check bending opposite to tension flange :-

.4 × bfb × t fb = 1.788854 > tfc Use two stiffeners

bst= 6.25 cm
tst= 0.8 cm
c)Check Column web distortion:-
 M db 
 = 0.0999 < twc no need stiffeners
 (d wc × .35Fy 
 DESIGN OF END PLATE CONNECTION (3)

1-Applied Force:-
Mx= 2670 t.cm Qy= 11.1 t
N= 0.15 t
Use ST- 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Fu= 5.2 t/cm2
Use Grade 10.9 Fub= 10 t/cm2 Case no 1
2-Dimention:-
rafter Column
dr = 81.6 cm dc = 81.6 cm
t wr = 0.6 cm t wc = 0.6 cm
b fr = 25 cm b fc = 25 cm
t fr = 0.8 cm t fc = 0.8 cm

3-Calculation of flange tention force:-

M N
Ff = − = 32.96955 t
d b − t fb 2
4-Weld Size:-
Flange:-
Ff
Sf = = 0.7 cm
.2 × Fu (2 × b fb + 2 × t fb − twb )
Web:-
Q
Sw = = 0.5 cm
2 × .2 × Fu (d b − 2 × t fb − 2 × S f )

5-Approximate selection of bolt size:-

assuming 4 tention bolt type

Text ,b , m = Ft/4 8.242389 t

neglect the effect of prying force in this stage

Text ,b , m
T ≥ = 11.77484 t
(.6 → .7)
From table p.106 ⇒ ∅= 20 mm

6-Approximate design of End plate:-

L=2*Pf+tfb= 8.2 Pf = 3.7 cm
M=(Ff*L)/8= 33.79379 t.cm

∴b p = b fb + 2.5 = 25 cm

6× M
∴t p = = 2 cm
.72 × Fy × b p

7-Calculation of Prying force (P):-

a= 4 cm
b= 4 cm
As= 2.45 cm2
 tp= 2 cm
W= 12.5 cm
k= 0.042517 /cm
P= 3.84764 ton
8-Exact Selection of bolts:-

Text ,b ,m + P ≤ 0.8T
Text ,b , m + P
T ≥ = 15.11254 t
0.8
From table p.106 ⇒ ∅= 20 mm

Ps= 6.17 t
T= 15.43 t
Text ,b ,m
Q − 4Ps (1 − )
N add = T = 2
Ps 2 Bolts

9-Exact Design of End plate:-

bp= 25 cm M1= 15.39056
M2= 17.57899
Mmax= 17.57899
dp= 90.5 cm

6 × M max
∴t p = = 1.804264
.72Fy ×w 2 cm

10 a)Check crippling:- k= 1.6 cm

bfb × t fb
= 1.5625 > twc Use two stiffeners
5k + 2t p + t fb
Ast= 4.055008 Assume bst=(bfc/2-twc/2)= 12 cm
Take tst= 0.910736 cm
b)Check bending opposite to tension flange :-

.4 × bfb × t fb = 1.788854 > tfc Use two stiffeners

bst= 6.25 cm
tst= 0.8 cm
c)Check Column web distortion:-
 M db 
  = 0.318244 < twc no need stiffeners
 (d wc × .35Fy 
 DESIGN OF END PLATE CONNECTION (4)

1-Applied Force:-
Mx= 1900 t.cm Qy= 4.65 t
N= 9.75 t
Use ST- 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Fu= 5.2 t/cm2
Use Grade 10.9 Fub= 10 t/cm2 Case no 1
2-Dimention:-
rafter Column
dr = 81.6 cm dc = 81.6 cm
t wr = 0.6 cm t wc = 0.8 cm
b fr = 25 cm b fc = 25 cm
t fr = 0.8 cm t fc = 0.8 cm

3-Calculation of flange tention force:-

M N
Ff = − = 18.63985 t
d b − t fb 2
4-Weld Size:-
Flange:-
Ff
Sf = = 0.5 cm
.2 × Fu (2 × b fb + 2 × t fb − twb )
Web:-
Q
Sw = = 0.5 cm
2 × .2 × Fu (d b − 2 × t fb − 2 × S f )

5-Approximate selection of bolt size:-

assuming 4 tention bolt type

Text ,b , m = Ft/4 4.659963 t

neglect the effect of prying force in this stage

Text ,b , m
T ≥ = 6.65709 t
(.6 → .7)
From table p.106 ⇒ ∅= 16 mm

6-Approximate design of End plate:-

L=2*Pf+tfb= 6.6 Pf = 2.9 cm
M=(Ff*L)/8= 15.37788 t.cm

∴b p = b fb + 2.5 = 25 cm

6× M
∴t p = = 1.6 cm
.72 × Fy × b p

7-Calculation of Prying force (P):-

a= 5 cm
b= 5 cm
As= 1.57 cm2
 tp= 1.6 cm
W= 12.5 cm
k= 0.013914 /cm
P= 2.380815 ton
8-Exact Selection of bolts:-

Text ,b ,m + P ≤ 0.8T
Text ,b , m + P
T ≥ = 8.800973 t
0.8
From table p.106 ⇒ ∅= 16 mm

Ps= 3.95 t
T= 9.89 t
Text ,b ,m
Q − 4Ps (1 − )
N add = T = 2
Ps 2 Bolts

9-Exact Design of End plate:-

bp= 25 cm M1= 11.90408
M2= 11.39574
Mmax= 11.90408
dp= 88.5 cm

6 × M max
∴t p = = 1.484742
.72Fy ×w 1.6 cm

10 a)Check crippling:- k= 1.6 cm

bfb × t fb
= 1.666667 > twc Use two stiffeners
5k + 2t p + t fb
Ast= -0.33643 Assume bst=(bfc/2-twc/2)= 12 cm
Take tst= 0.910736 cm
b)Check bending opposite to tension flange :-

.4 × bfb × t fb = 1.788854 > tfc Use two stiffeners

bst= 6.25 cm
tst= 0.8 cm
c)Check Column web distortion:-
 M db 
  = 0.226466 < twc no need stiffeners
 (d wc × .35Fy 
 DESIGN OF END PLATE CONNECTION (5)

1-Applied Force:-
Mx= 675 t.cm Qy= 2.6 t
N= 1 t
Use ST- 52 Fy= 3.6 t/cm2
Fu= 5.2 t/cm2
Use Grade 10.9 Fub= 10 t/cm2 Case no 1
2-Dimention:-
rafter Column
dr = 41.6 cm dc = 41.6 cm
t wr = 0.5 cm t wc = 0.5 cm
b fr = 25 cm b fc = 25 cm
t fr = 0.8 cm t fc = 0.8 cm

3-Calculation of flange tention force:-

M N
Ff = − = 16.04412 t
d b − t fb 2
4-Weld Size:-
Flange:-
Ff
Sf = = 0.5 cm
.2 × Fu (2 × b fb + 2 × t fb − twb )
Web:-
Q
Sw = = 0.5 cm
2 × .2 × Fu (d b − 2 × t fb − 2 × S f )

5-Approximate selection of bolt size:-

assuming 4 tention bolt type

Text ,b , m = Ft/4 4.011029 t

neglect the effect of prying force in this stage

Text ,b , m
T ≥ = 5.730042 t
(.6 → .7)
From table p.106 ⇒ ∅= 16 mm

6-Approximate design of End plate:-

L=2*Pf+tfb= 6.6 Pf = 2.9 cm
M=(Ff*L)/8= 13.2364 t.cm

∴b p = b fb + 2.5 = 25 cm

6× M
∴t p = = 1.6 cm
.72 × Fy × b p

7-Calculation of Prying force (P):-

a= 5 cm
b= 5 cm
As= 1.57 cm2
 tp= 1.6 cm
W= 12.5 cm
k= 0.013914 /cm
P= 2.04927 ton
8-Exact Selection of bolts:-

Text ,b ,m + P ≤ 0.8T
Text ,b , m + P
T ≥ = 7.575374 t
0.8
From table p.106 ⇒ ∅= 16 mm

Ps= 3.95 t
T= 9.89 t
Text ,b ,m
Q − 4Ps (1 − )
N add = T = 2
Ps 2 Bolts

9-Exact Design of End plate:-

bp= 25 cm M1= 10.24635
M2= 9.808799
Mmax= 10.24635
dp= 48.5 cm

6 × M max
∴t p = = 1.377488
.72Fy ×w 1.4 cm

10 a)Check crippling:- k= 1.6 cm

bfb × t fb
= 1.724138 > twc Use two stiffeners
5k + 2t p + t fb
Ast= 0.941982 Assume bst=(bfc/2-twc/2)= 12 cm
Take tst= 0.910736 cm
b)Check bending opposite to tension flange :-

.4 × bfb × t fb = 1.788854 > tfc Use two stiffeners

bst= 6.25 cm
tst= 0.8 cm
c)Check Column web distortion:-
 M db 
  = 0.309561 < twc no need stiffeners
 (d wc × .35Fy 
 CHECK OF HINGED BASE CONNECTIONS BASE PLATE (1)
BUILT-UP OR ROLLED SECTIONS
THE CROSS SECTION IS FULLY EFFECTIVE
ACCORDING TO E.C.P. 2001

TITLE : PROJECT :.
Frame ID Typical Page No :
Des. Element Base Conn Revision : 0
Auth. Client Critical Comb Date : 10/06/2013

Straining Actions: Final Results & Checks:

N (-ve.) 55.00 ton. Compression BASE PLATE 450x300x20 O.K. ANCHORES Bars
N (+ve.) 2.00 ton. Tension fc (kg/cm2) 40.741 o.k. T/Anchor o.k.
Q 15.40 ton. fs (t/cm2) 0.764 o.k. Q/Anchor o.k.
welds (t/cm2) 0.936 o.k. L min (mm) 85
Materials Properties:
fy-st 3.60 t/cm2
f.bearing-con 200.00 kg/cm2
f.bond-con 8.00 kg/cm2
fy-Anchor Bolts 4.6 (grade)
Anchor Bars 2.8 t/cm2 (fy)

Dimensions:
Column Section: Base Plate: Welds:
bf 250 mm hp 450 mm s flange weld 6 mm
tf 12 mm bp 300 mm s web weld 6 mm
dw 400 mm tp 20 mm
tw 8 mm .
h 424 mm

Anchors :
Type Bars
No. of Bolts 4 bolts
φ chosen 24 mm

Bearing Stresses on Concrete: bp

b

2
fc 40.741 kg/cm o.k.

p
h

h
Check Thickness of Base Plate:
m = 23.6 mm
n = 50 mm
M1 = 0.113 cm.t/cm
M2 = 0.509 cm.t/cm
fs = 0.76 t/cm2 o.k.

Check Safty of Welds Thickness:

L

Assuming No Contact Between the Column & the Base Plate

Wild Line All Around Section
A (flange weld) 57.6 cm2
A (web weld) 50.88 cm2
f = 0.507 t/cm2 < 1.04 o.k.
q = 0.454 t/cm2 < 1.04 o.k.
fequ = 0.936 t/cm3 < 1.1 x 1.04 o.k.

Check Safty of Anchor Bars :

T/bolt = 0.50 tons Tall = 4.95 tons o.k.
Q/bolt = 3.85 tons Qall = 4.41 tons o.k.
L required= 85 mm

BASE PLATE (1)

 CHECK OF HINGED BASE CONNECTIONS BASE PLATE (2)
BUILT-UP OR ROLLED SECTIONS
THE CROSS SECTION IS FULLY EFFECTIVE
ACCORDING TO E.C.P. 2001

TITLE : PROJECT :.
Frame ID Typical Page No :
Des. Element Base Conn Revision : 0
Auth. Client Critical Comb Date : 10/06/2013

Straining Actions: Final Results & Checks:

N (-ve.) 88.80 ton. Compression BASE PLATE 350x350x20 O.K. ANCHORES Bars
N (+ve.) 2.00 ton. Tension fc (kg/cm2) 72.490 o.k. T/Anchor o.k.
Q 9.60 ton. fs (t/cm2) 1.645 o.k. Q/Anchor o.k.
welds (t/cm2) 1.153 o.k. L min (mm) 100
Materials Properties:
fy-st 3.60 t/cm2
f.bearing-con 200.00 kg/cm2
f.bond-con 8.00 kg/cm2
fy-Anchor Bolts 4.6 (grade)
Anchor Bars 2.8 t/cm2 (fy)

Dimensions:
Column Section: Base Plate: Welds:
bf 300 mm hp 350 mm s flange weld 6 mm
tf 12 mm bp 350 mm s web weld 6 mm
dw 250 mm tp 20 mm
tw 10 mm .
h 274 mm

Anchors :
Type Bars
No. of Bolts 4 bolts
φ chosen 20 mm

Bearing Stresses on Concrete: bp

b

2
fc 72.490 kg/cm o.k.

p
h

h
Check Thickness of Base Plate:
m = 44.85 mm
n = 55 mm
M1 = 0.729 cm.t/cm
M2 = 1.096 cm.t/cm
fs = 1.64 t/cm2 o.k.

Check Safty of Welds Thickness:

L

Assuming No Contact Between the Column & the Base Plate

Wild Line All Around Section
A (flange weld) 69.36 cm2
A (web weld) 32.88 cm2
f = 0.869 t/cm2 < 1.04 o.k.
q = 0.438 t/cm2 < 1.04 o.k.
fequ = 1.153 t/cm3 > 1.1 x 1.04 o.k.

Check Safty of Anchor Bars :

T/bolt = 0.50 tons Tall = 3.44 tons o.k.
Q/bolt = 2.40 tons Qall = 3.06 tons o.k.
L required= 100 mm

BASE PLATE (2)

 CHECK OF HINGED BASE CONNECTIONS BASE PLATE (3)
BUILT-UP OR ROLLED SECTIONS
THE CROSS SECTION IS FULLY EFFECTIVE
ACCORDING TO E.C.P. 2001

TITLE : PROJECT :.
Frame ID Typical Page No :
Des. Element Base Conn Revision : 0
Auth. Client Critical Comb Date : 10/06/2013

Straining Actions: Final Results & Checks:

N (-ve.) 45.00 ton. Compression BASE PLATE 300x300x20 O.K. ANCHORES Bars
N (+ve.) 2.00 ton. Tension fc (kg/cm2) 50.000 o.k. T/Anchor o.k.
Q 1.25 ton. fs (t/cm2) 0.938 o.k. Q/Anchor o.k.
welds (t/cm2) 0.512 o.k. L min (mm) 100
Materials Properties:
fy-st 3.60 t/cm2
f.bearing-con 200.00 kg/cm2
f.bond-con 8.00 kg/cm2
fy-Anchor Bolts 4.6 (grade)
Anchor Bars 2.8 t/cm2 (fy)

Dimensions:
Column Section: Base Plate: Welds:
bf 250 mm hp 300 mm s flange weld 6 mm
tf 8 mm bp 300 mm s web weld 6 mm
dw 250 mm tp 20 mm
tw 6 mm .
h 266 mm

Anchors :
Type Bars
No. of Bolts 4 bolts
φ chosen 20 mm

Bearing Stresses on Concrete: bp

b

2
fc 50.000 kg/cm o.k.

p
h

h
Check Thickness of Base Plate:
m = 23.65 mm
n = 50 mm
M1 = 0.140 cm.t/cm
M2 = 0.625 cm.t/cm
fs = 0.94 t/cm2 o.k.

Check Safty of Welds Thickness:

L

Assuming No Contact Between the Column & the Base Plate

Wild Line All Around Section
A (flange weld) 57.84 cm2
A (web weld) 31.92 cm2
f = 0.501 t/cm2 < 1.04 o.k.
q = 0.059 t/cm2 < 1.04 o.k.
fequ = 0.512 t/cm3 < 1.1 x 1.04 o.k.

Check Safty of Anchor Bars :

T/bolt = 0.50 tons Tall = 3.44 tons o.k.
Q/bolt = 0.31 tons Qall = 3.06 tons o.k.
L required= 100 mm

BASE PLATE (3)