CE 415 – STRUCTURAL DESIGN II STEEL AND TIMBER DESIGN

DESIGN OF MEMBERS USING

PLATE GIRDER, COVER PLATED
MEMBERS, AND BUILT UP
MEMBERS

SUBMITTED BY:

AVINANTE, CYRENE KEITH Q.

J15-90365
ROOF BEAM PLAN
 FOR LOAD ANALYSIS (ORIGINAL LOADS x 20)

FROM FRONT ELEVATION

FINAL SUMMARY OF LOADS
(DEAD LOADS WITH WIND LOADS)
(DEAD LOADS WITH SEISMIC LOADS)
ANALYSIS
 FINAL SUMMARY OF LOADS
(LIVE LOADS WITH WIND LOADS)
(LIVE LOADS WITH SEISMIC LOADS)
ANALYSIS
FROM LEFT ELEVATION

FINAL SUMMARY OF LOADS

(DEAD LOADS WITH WIND LOADS)

(DEAD LOADS WITH SEISMIC LOADS)

ANALYSIS
(LIVE LOADS WITH WIND LOADS)
 COMPUTATION OF INCREASED LOADS

FOR MEMBER MN (A1-B1, A2-B2, AND A3-B3)

LFRD
Wu = 1.2DL + 1.6LL

Wu = 1.2(5.24) + 1.6(0)

Wu = 6.288 kN/m

Mu = =

Mu = 12.576 kN.m

ASD
Wa = DL + LL

Wa = 5.24 kN/m + 0 kN/m

Wa = 5.24 kN/m

Ma = =

Ma = 10.48 kN.m

Try W360X57

Properties of I-beam Section (W shapes)

Section W360X57
Weight (mass per meter) (kg) 56.7
2
Area (mm ) 7220
Depth(d) - (mm) 358
Flange Width (bf) - (mm) 172
Flange Thickness (tf) - (mm) 13.1
Web Thickness (tw) - (mm) 7.9
6 4
Ix (x10 mm ) 161
3 3
Sx (x10 mm ) 897

SOLVING FOR SX :
Mactual = 10.48 kN.m

fb = 0.66fy = 0.66(248 MPa)

fb = 163.68 MPa

SX = =

SXactual = 1108.5 x 103 mm3

SXactual > SXallowable , therefore, not safe!

b = bf + 32mm (to permit disposition of a fillet weld)

b = 172mm + 32mm

b = 204mm ; try b = 210mm

t= =

t = 12.53mm ; say 13mm

INA = IX + [ ( ) ](2)

H = D + 2t

H = 358mm + 2(13)

H = 384mm

INA = 161 +[ ( ) ](2)

INA = 362.35 x 106 mm4

bf =172mm
 S= =

S = 976.68 x 103 mm3 > 897 x 103 mm3

therefore, use 210mm x 13mm cover plates

SHEAR STRESS AT INNER SURFACE OF COVER PLATE AND FLANGE :

fv= ;V= = 10.48 N

Q = bt( )

Q = 210(13)(192) = 524160N

fv =

fv = 1.98 MPa < 0.45f’c

fv = 1.98 MPa < 0.45(21 MPa)

fv = 1.98 MPa < 9.45 MPa

ok!
FOR MEMBER NO (B1-C1, B2-C2 AND B3-C3)

LFRD
Wu = 1.2DL + 1.6LL

Wu = 1.2(5.24) + 1.6(0)

Wu = 6.288 kN/m

Mu = =

Mu = 19.65 kN.m

ASD
Wa = DL + LL

Wa = 5.24 kN/m + 0 kN/m

Wa = 5.24 kN/m

Ma = =

Ma = 16.375 kN.m

Try W130x28

Properties of I-beam Section (W shapes)

Section W130x28
Weight (mass per meter) (kg) 28.1
2
Area (mm ) 3580
Depth(d) - (mm) 131
Flange Width (bf) - (mm) 128
Flange Thickness (tf) - (mm) 10.9
Web Thickness (tw) - (mm) 6.9
6 4
Ix (x10 mm ) 10.9
3 3
Sx (x10 mm ) 167

SOLVING FOR SX :
Mactual = 16.375 kN.m

fb = 0.66fy = 0.66(248 MPa)

fb = 163.68 MPa

SX = =

SXactual = 1000.42 x 103 mm3

SXactual > SXallowable , therefore, not safe!

b = bf + 32mm (to permit disposition of a fillet weld)

b = 128mm + 32mm

b = 160mm ; try b = 160mm

t= =

t = 8.37mm ; say 9mm

INA = IX + [ ( ) ](2)

H = D + 2t

H = 131mm + 2(9)

H = 149mm

INA = 10.9 +[ ( ) ](2)

INA = 26.9 x 106 mm4

bf = 128mm
 S= =

S = 192.14 x 103 mm3 > 167 x 103 mm3

therefore, use 160mm x 9mm cover plates

SHEAR STRESS AT INNER SURFACE OF COVER PLATE AND FLANGE :

fv= ;V= = 13.1 N

Q = bt( )

Q = 160(9)(74.5) = 107280N

fv =

fv = 1.007 MPa < 0.45f’c

fv = 1.007 MPa < 0.45(21 MPa)

fv = 1.007 MPa < 9.45 MPa

ok!
FOR MEMBER OP (C1-D1, C2-D2, AND C3-D3)

LFRD
Wu = 1.2DL + 1.6LL

Wu = 1.2(5.24) + 1.6(0)

Wu = 6.288 kN/m

Mu = =

Mu = 19.65 kN.m

ASD
Wa = DL + LL

Wa = 5.24 kN/m + 0 kN/m

Wa = 5.24 kN/m

Ma = =

Ma = 16.375 kN.m

Try W100X19

Properties of I-beam Section (W shapes)

Section W100X19
Weight (mass per meter) (kg) 19.4
2
Area (mm ) 2470
Depth(d) - (mm) 106
Flange Width (bf) - (mm) 103
Flange Thickness (tf) - (mm) 8.8
Web Thickness (tw) - (mm) 7.1
6 4
Ix (x10 mm ) 4.76
3 3
Sx (x10 mm ) 89.9

SOLVING FOR SX :
Mactual = 16.375 kN.m

fb = 0.66fy = 0.66(248 MPa)

fb = 163.68 MPa

SX = =

SXactual = 100.04 x 103 mm3

SXactual > SXallowable , therefore, not safe!

b = bf + 32mm (to permit disposition of a fillet weld)

b = 103mm + 32mm

b = 135mm ; try b = 140mm

t= =

t = 6.36mm ; say 7mm

INA = IX + [ ( ) ](2)

H = D + 2t

H = 106mm + 2(7)

H = 120mm

INA = 4.76 +[ ( ) ](2)

INA = 11.82 x 106 mm4

bf=103mm
 S= =

S = 104.6 x 103 mm3 > 89.9 x 103 mm3

therefore, use 140mm x 7mm cover plates

SHEAR STRESS AT INNER SURFACE OF COVER PLATE AND FLANGE :

fv= ;V= = 13.1 N

Q = bt( )

Q = 140(7)(60) = 58800N

fv =

fv = 1.57 MPa < 0.45f’c

fv = 1.57 MPa < 0.45(21 MPa)

fv = 1.57 MPa < 9.45 MPa

ok!
FOR MEMBER PQ (D1-E1, D2-E2, AND D3-E3)

LFRD
Wu = 1.2DL + 1.6LL

Wu = 1.2(5.24) + 1.6(0)

Wu = 6.288 kN/m

Mu = =

Mu = 19.65 kN.m

ASD
Wa = DL + LL

Wa = 5.24 kN/m + 0 kN/m

Wa = 5.24 kN/m

Ma = =

Ma = 16.375 kN.m

Try W410X39

Properties of I-beam Section (W shapes)

Section W410X39
Weight (mass per meter) (kg) 39.2
2
Area (mm ) 4990
Depth(d) - (mm) 399
Flange Width (bf) - (mm) 140
Flange Thickness (tf) - (mm) 8.8
Web Thickness (tw) - (mm) 6.4
6 4
Ix (x10 mm ) 127
3 3
Sx (x10 mm ) 634

SOLVING FOR SX :
Mactual = 16.375 kN.m

fb = 0.66fy = 0.66(248 MPa)

fb = 163.68 MPa

SX = =

SXactual = 1000.43 x 103 mm3

SXactual > SXallowable , therefore, not safe!

b = bf + 32mm (to permit disposition of a fillet weld)

b = 140mm + 32mm

b = 172mm ; try b = 180mm

t= =

t = 9.27mm ; say 10mm

INA = IX + [ ( ) ](2)

H = D + 2t

H = 399mm + 2(10)

H = 419mm

INA = 127 +[ ( ) ](2)

INA = 285.03 x 106 mm4

bf=140mm
 S= =

S = 696.89 x 103 mm3 > 634 x 103 mm3

therefore, use 180mm x 10mm cover plates

SHEAR STRESS AT INNER SURFACE OF COVER PLATE AND FLANGE :

fv= ;V= = 13.1 N

Q = bt( )

Q = 180(10)(209.5) = 377100N

fv =

fv = 2.78 MPa < 0.45f’c

fv = 2.78 MPa < 0.45(21 MPa)

fv = 2.78 MPa < 9.45 MPa

ok!
FOR MEMBER QR (E1-F1, E2-F2, AND E3-F3)

LFRD
Wu = 1.2DL + 1.6LL

Wu = 1.2(5.24) + 1.6(0)

Wu = 6.288 kN/m

Mu = =

Mu = 12.58 kN.m

ASD
Wa = DL + LL

Wa = 5.24 kN/m + 0 kN/m

Wa = 5.24 kN/m

Ma = =

Ma = 10.48 kN.m

Try W150X37

Properties of I-beam Section (W shapes)

Section W150X37
Weight (mass per meter) (kg) 37.1
2
Area (mm ) 4730
Depth(d) - (mm) 162
Flange Width (bf) - (mm) 154
Flange Thickness (tf) - (mm) 11.6
Web Thickness (tw) - (mm) 8.1
6 4
Ix (x10 mm ) 22.2
3 3
Sx (x10 mm ) 274

SOLVING FOR SX :
Mactual = 10.48 kN.m

fb = 0.66fy = 0.66(248 MPa)

fb = 163.68 MPa

SX = =

SXactual = 640.27 x 103 mm3

SXactual > SXallowable , therefore, not safe!

b = bf + 32mm (to permit disposition of a fillet weld)

b = 154mm + 32mm

b = 186mm ; try b = 190mm

t= =

t = 9.35mm ; say 10mm

INA = IX + [ ( ) ](2)

H = D + 2t

H = 162mm + 2(10)

H = 182mm

INA = 22.2 +[ ( ) ](2)

INA = 53.7 x 106 mm4

bf=154mm
 S= =

S = 312.21 x 103 mm3 > 274 x 103 mm3

therefore, use 190mm x 10mm cover plates

SHEAR STRESS AT INNER SURFACE OF COVER PLATE AND FLANGE :

fv= ;V= = 10.48 N

Q = bt( )

Q = 190(10)(91) = 172900N

fv =

fv =5.30 MPa < 0.45f’c

fv = 5.30 MPa < 0.45(21 MPa)

fv = 5.30 MPa < 9.45 MPa

ok!
FOR MEMBER GH’ (A1-A2, B1-B2, C1-C2, D1-D2, E1-E2, AND F1-F2)

LFRD
Wu = 1.2DL + 1.6LL

Wu = 1.2(13.1) + 1.6(0)

Wu = 15.72 kN/m

Mu = =

Mu = 17.69 kN.m

ASD
Wa = DL + LL

Wa = 13.1 kN/m + 0 kN/m

Wa = 13.1 kN/m

Ma = =

Ma = 14.74 kN.m

Try W200X46

Properties of I-beam Section (W shapes)

Section W200X46
Weight (mass per meter) (kg) 46.0
2
Area (mm ) 5860
Depth(d) - (mm) 203
Flange Width (bf) - (mm) 203
Flange Thickness (tf) - (mm) 13.3
Web Thickness (tw) - (mm) 7.2
6 4
Ix (x10 mm ) 45.5
3 3
Sx (x10 mm ) 448

SOLVING FOR SX :
Mactual = 14.74 kN.m

fb = 0.66fy = 0.66(248 MPa)

fb = 163.68 MPa

SX = =

SXactual = 900.54 x 103 mm3

SXactual > SXallowable , therefore, not safe!

b = bf + 32mm (to permit disposition of a fillet weld)

b = 203mm + 32mm

b = 235mm ; try b = 240mm

t= =

t = 9.66mm ; say 12mm

INA = IX + [ ( ) ](2)

H = D + 2t

H = 203mm + 2(12)

H = 227mm

INA = 45.5 +[ ( ) ](2)

INA = 119.77 x 106 mm4

bf=203mm
 S= =

S = 557.07 x 103 mm3 > 448 x 103 mm3

therefore, use 240mm x 12mm cover plates

SHEAR STRESS AT INNER SURFACE OF COVER PLATE AND FLANGE :

fv= ;V= = 19.65 N

Q = bt( )

Q = 240(12)(113.5) = 326880N

fv =

fv = 5.89 MPa < 0.45f’c

fv = 5.89 MPa < 0.45(21 MPa)

fv = 5.89 MPa < 9.45 MPa

ok!
FOR MEMBER HI’ (A2-A3, B2-B3, C2-C3, D2-D3, E2-E3, AND F2-F3)

LFRD
Wu = 1.2DL + 1.6LL

Wu = 1.2(13.1) + 1.6(0)

Wu = 15.72 kN/m

Mu = =

Mu = 49.13 kN.m

ASD
Wa = DL + LL

Wa = 13.1 kN/m + 0 kN/m

Wa = 13.1 kN/m

Ma = =

Ma = 40.94 kN.m

Try W200X46

Properties of I-beam Section (W shapes)

Section W200X46
Weight (mass per meter) (kg) 46.0
2
Area (mm ) 5860
Depth(d) - (mm) 203
Flange Width (bf) - (mm) 203
Flange Thickness (tf) - (mm) 13.3
Web Thickness (tw) - (mm) 7.2
6 4
Ix (x10 mm ) 45.5
3 3
Sx (x10 mm ) 448

SOLVING FOR SX :
Mactual = 40.94 kN.m

fb = 0.66fy = 0.66(248 MPa)

fb = 163.68 MPa

SX = =

SXactual = 2501.22 x 103 mm3

SXactual > SXallowable , therefore, not safe!

b = bf + 32mm (to permit disposition of a fillet weld)

b = 203mm + 32mm

b = 235mm ; try b = 240mm

t= =

t = 9.66mm ; say 12mm

INA = IX + [ ( ) ](2)

H = D + 2t

H = 203mm + 2(12)

H = 227mm

INA = 45.5 +[ ( ) ](2)

INA = 119.77 x 106 mm4

bf=203mm
 S= =

S = 557.07 x 103 mm3 > 448 x 103 mm3

therefore, use 240mm x 12mm cover plates

SHEAR STRESS AT INNER SURFACE OF COVER PLATE AND FLANGE :

fv= ;V= = 32.75 N

Q = bt( )

Q = 240(12)(113.5) = 326880N

fv =

fv =1.16 MPa < 0.45f’c

fv = 1.16 MPa < 0.45(21 MPa)

fv = 1.16 MPa < 9.45 MPa

ok!
ROOF BEAM DETAILED PLAN
FINAL DESIGN DRAWING (COVER PLATES)
 DESIGN OF BUILT UP BEAMS
(Loads are increased up to 20x from its original)

Design Parameters

Fy= 248 MPa (A36 steel)

Fv= 207 MPa for bolts

Es= 200 GPa

Fp= 1.2 Fu

Fu= 400 MPa

LFRD
(for 4m beams)

𝑑= (𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛) = (4𝑚) = 0.4 m

ℎ = 𝑑 − 50 = (400) − (50) = 350 mm

For value of tw: check for web (non-compact)

tw = 2.76mm

try tw = 5mm

= 70

= 161.73

70 < 161.73 (passed)

d = 400mm h = 350mm

M = 1258 kN.m
 AREA OF FLANGE :

Af = 𝑚𝑚

Try tf = 50mm

= bf(50)

bf = 477.27mm

check for flange : non-compact

4.7 < 15.188 (passed)

For flange and web that are non-compact, the allowable stress is:

= *0.79 − 0.000762( )√ ] ;𝐾𝑐 = 1.00

= (248) *0.79 − 0.000762(4.7)√ ] = 181.93 𝑀𝑃𝑎

bf =477.27mm

tf =50mm

350mm
200mm
225mm

𝐼𝑁𝐴 = ( )+2[ ) + (477.27)(50)(200) 2 ] = 982.35 𝑥 106 𝑚𝑚4

Section Modulus

𝑆= = = 4366 𝑥 10 3 𝑚𝑚3

fb < Fb

= = = 288.14 𝑀𝑃𝑎

(288.14 MPa) < (181.93 𝑀𝑃𝑎) (safe)

∴ For web section, 350 mm x 5 mm is safe ∴ For flange section, 477.27 mm x 50 mm is safe
 LFRD
(for 5m beams)

𝑑= (𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛) = (5𝑚) = 0.4 m

ℎ = 𝑑 − 50 = (500) − (50) = 450 mm

For value of tw: check for web (non-compact)

tw = 3.55mm

try tw = 5mm

= 90

= 161.73

90 < 161.73 (passed)

d = 500mm h = 450mm

M = 1474 kN.m

AREA OF FLANGE :

Af = 𝑚𝑚

Try tf = 60mm

= bf(60)

bf = 360.64mm

check for flange : non-compact

 3 < 15.188 (passed)

For flange and web that are non-compact, the allowable stress is:

= *0.79 − 0.000762( )√ ] ;𝐾𝑐 = 1.00

= (248) *0.79 − 0.000762(3)√ ] = 186.99 𝑀𝑃𝑎

bf =360mm

tf =60mm

450mm
255mm
285mm

𝐼𝑁𝐴 = ( )+2[ ) + (360)(60)(255) 2 ] = 1455.47𝑥 106 𝑚𝑚4

Section Modulus

𝑆= = = 5106.91 𝑥 10 3 𝑚𝑚3

fb < Fb

= = = 288.62 𝑀𝑃𝑎

(288.62 MPa) < (186.99𝑀𝑃𝑎) (safe)

∴ For web section, 450 mm x 5 mm is safe ∴ For flange section, 360 mm x 60 mm is safe
 LFRD
(for 3m beams)

𝑑= (𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛) = (3𝑚) = 0.3 m

ℎ = 𝑑 − 50 = (300) − (50) = 250 mm

For value of tw: check for web (non-compact)

tw = 1.97mm

try tw = 5mm

= 50

= 161.73

50 < 161.73 (passed)

d = 300mm h = 250mm

M = 4913 kN.m

AREA OF FLANGE :

Af = 𝑚𝑚

Try tf = 150mm

= bf(150)

bf = 878.77mm

check for flange : non-compact

 3 < 15.188 (passed)

For flange and web that are non-compact, the allowable stress is:

= *0.79 − 0.000762( )√ ] ;𝐾𝑐 = 1.00

= (248) *0.79 − 0.000762(3)√ ] = 286.95 𝑀𝑃𝑎

bf =360mm

tf =150mm

250mm
200mm
275mm

𝐼𝑁𝐴 = ( )+2[ ) + (870)(150)(200) 2 ] = 5747.34𝑥 106 𝑚𝑚4

Section Modulus

𝑆= = = 20899.42𝑥 10 3 𝑚𝑚3

fb < Fb

= = = 235.08 𝑀𝑃𝑎

(235.08 MPa) < (286.95𝑀𝑃𝑎) (safe)

∴ For web section, 250 mm x 5 mm is safe ∴ For flange section, 870 mm x 150 mm is safe
 DESIGN OF BUILT UP BEAMS
(Loads are increased up to 20x from its original)

Design Parameters

Fy= 248 MPa (A36 steel)

Fv= 207 MPa for bolts

Es= 200 GPa

Fp= 1.2 Fu

Fu= 400 MPa

ASD
(for 4m beams)

𝑑= (𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛) = (4𝑚) = 0.4 m

ℎ = 𝑑 − 50 = (400) − (50) = 350 mm

For value of tw: check for web (non-compact)

tw = 2.76mm

try tw = 5mm

= 70

= 161.73

70 < 161.73 (passed)

d = 400mm h = 350mm

M = 1048 kN.m
 AREA OF FLANGE :

Af = 𝑚𝑚

Try tf = 60mm

= bf (60)

bf = 330.52mm

check for flange : non-compact

2.75 < 15.188 (passed)

For flange and web that are non-compact, the allowable stress is:

= *0.79 − 0.000762( )√ ] ;𝐾𝑐 = 1.00

= (248) *0.79 − 0.000762(2.75)√ ] = 387.74 𝑀𝑃𝑎

bf = 330mm

tf =60mm

350mm
205mm
235mm

𝐼𝑁𝐴 = ( )+2[ ) + (330)(50)(205) 2 ] = 723.16𝑥 106 𝑚𝑚4

Section Modulus

𝑆= = = 3077.28 𝑥 10 3 𝑚𝑚3

fb < Fb

= = = 340.5 𝑀𝑃𝑎

(340.5 MPa) < (387.74𝑀𝑃𝑎) (safe)

∴ For web section, 350 mm x 5 mm is safe ∴ For flange section, 330 mm x 60 mm is safe
 ASD
(for 5m beams)

𝑑= (𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛) = (5𝑚) = 0.4 m

ℎ = 𝑑 − 50 = (500) − (50) = 450 mm

For value of tw: check for web (non-compact)

tw = 3.55mm

try tw = 5mm

= 90

= 161.73

90 < 161.73 (passed)

d = 500mm h = 450mm

M = 1048 kN.m

AREA OF FLANGE :

Af = 𝑚𝑚

Try tf = 80mm

= bf (80)

bf = 190.95mm

check for flange : non-compact

 1.19 < 15.188 (passed)

For flange and web that are non-compact, the allowable stress is:

= *0.79 − 0.000762( )√ ] ;𝐾𝑐 = 1.00

= (248) *0.79 − 0.000762(1.19)√ ] = 286.99 𝑀𝑃𝑎

bf =190mm

tf =80mm

450mm
265mm
305mm

𝐼𝑁𝐴 = ( )+2[ ) + (190)(80)(265) 2 ] = 1121.6 x 106 𝑚𝑚4

Section Modulus

𝑆= = = 3677.38 𝑥 10 3 𝑚𝑚3

fb < Fb

= = = 284.99 𝑀𝑃𝑎

(284.99 MPa) < (286.99𝑀𝑃𝑎) (safe)

∴ For web section, 450 mm x 5 mm is safe ∴ For flange section, 190mm x 80 mm is safe
 ASD
(for 3m beams)

𝑑= (𝑠𝑝𝑎𝑛) = (3𝑚) = 0.3 m

ℎ = 𝑑 − 50 = (300) − (50) = 250 mm

For value of tw: check for web (non-compact)

tw = 1.97mm

try tw = 5mm

= 50

= 161.73

50 < 161.73 (passed)

d = 300mm h = 250mm

M = 1474 kN.m

AREA OF FLANGE :

Af = 𝑚𝑚

Try tf = 70mm

= bf (70)

bf = 563.08mm

check for flange : non-compact

 4 < 15.188 (passed)

For flange and web that are non-compact, the allowable stress is:

= *0.79 − 0.000762( )√ ] ;𝐾𝑐 = 1.00

= (248) *0.79 − 0.000762(4)√ ] = 184.02 𝑀𝑃𝑎

bf =560mm

tf =70mm

250mm
160mm
195mm

𝐼𝑁𝐴 = ( )+2[ ) + (560)(70)(160) 2 ] = 1042.04 𝑥 106 𝑚𝑚4

Section Modulus

𝑆= = = 5343.79 𝑥 10 3 𝑚𝑚3

fb < Fb

= = = 275.83 𝑀𝑃𝑎

(275.83 MPa) < (284.02 𝑀𝑃𝑎) (safe)

∴ For web section, 250 mm x 5 mm is safe ∴ For flange section, 560 mm x 70 mm is safe
 FINAL DRAWING (BUILT-UP BEAMS)

LFRD

FOR L = 4m FOR L = 3m

∴ For web section, 350 ∴ For web section, 250

mm x 5 mm is safe mm x 5 mm is safe

∴ For flange section, 470 ∴ For flange section, 870

mm x 50 mm is safe mm x 150 mm is safe

FOR L = 5m

∴ For web section, 450

mm x 5 mm is safe

∴ For flange section, 360

mm x 60 mm is safe
 FINAL DRAWING (BUILT-UP BEAMS)

ASD

FOR L = 4m FOR L = 3m

∴ For web section, 350 ∴ For web section, 250

mm x 5 mm is safe mm x 5 mm is safe

∴ For flange section, 330 ∴ For flange section, 560

mm x 60 mm is safe mm x 70 mm is safe

FOR L = 5m

∴ For web section, 450

mm x 5 mm is safe

∴ For flange section,

190mm x 80 mm is safe