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    Working With Strings: Char Greeting (6) ('H', 'E', 'L', 'L', 'O', '/0')

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    rehman
    Strings in C are represented as character arrays terminated by a null character. A string can be initialized by assigning characters individually or using a string constant enclosed in double quotes, which the compiler automatically terminates with a null character. Common string manipulation functions in C include strcpy(), strcat(), strlen(), and strcmp(), which copy strings, concatenate strings, find string lengths, and compare strings, respectively.

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    Working With Strings: Char Greeting (6) ('H', 'E', 'L', 'L', 'O', '/0')

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    rehman
    28 views4 pages
    Strings in C are represented as character arrays terminated by a null character. A string can be initialized by assigning characters individually or using a string constant enclosed in double quotes, which the compiler automatically terminates with a null character. Common string manipulation functions in C include strcpy(), strcat(), strlen(), and strcmp(), which copy strings, concatenate strings, find string lengths, and compare strings, respectively.

    Original Title

    Working With Strings

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    Strings in C are represented as character arrays terminated by a null character. A string can be initialized by assigning characters individually or using a string constant enclosed in double quotes, which the compiler automatically terminates with a null character. Common string manipulation functions in C include strcpy(), strcat(), strlen(), and strcmp(), which copy strings, concatenate strings, find string lengths, and compare strings, respectively.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    28 views4 pages

    Working With Strings: Char Greeting (6) ('H', 'E', 'L', 'L', 'O', '/0')

    Uploaded by

    rehman
    Strings in C are represented as character arrays terminated by a null character. A string can be initialized by assigning characters individually or using a string constant enclosed in double quotes, which the compiler automatically terminates with a null character. Common string manipulation functions in C include strcpy(), strcat(), strlen(), and strcmp(), which copy strings, concatenate strings, find string lengths, and compare strings, respectively.

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    of 4

    -: Working With Strings

    Strings are actually one-dimensional array of characters terminated by


    a null character '\0'. Thus a null-terminated string contains the characters
    that comprise the string followed by a null.
    The following declaration and initialization create a string consisting of the
    word "Hello". To hold the null character at the end of the array, the size of
    the character array containing the string is one more than the number of
    characters in the word "Hello."

    char greeting[6] = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '\0'};

    If you follow the rule of array initialization then you can write the above
    statement as follows −
    char greeting[] = "Hello";

    Following is the memory presentation of the above defined string in C/C++


    −

    Actually, you do not place the null character at the end of a string constant.


    The C compiler automatically places the '\0' at the end of the string when it
    initializes the array. Let us try to print the above mentioned string –
    Based on the above discussion, we can conclude the following important
    points about strings in C programming language −
     Strings in C are represented as arrays of characters.
     We can constitute a string in C programming by assigning character by character into an
    array of characters.
     We can constitute a string in C programming by assigning a complete string enclosed in
    double quote.
     We can print a string character by character using an array subscript or a complete string by
    using an array name without subscript.
     The last character of every string is a null character, i.e., ‘\0’.
     Most of the programming languages provide built-in functions to manipulate strings, i.e., you
    can concatenate strings, you can search from a string, you can extract sub-strings from a
    string, etc. For more, you can check our detailed tutorial on C programming or any other
    programming language.

     Live Demo

    #include <stdio.h>

    int main () {

    char greeting[6] = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '\0'};

    cout<<”Greeting message : “<<greeting;

    return 0;

    When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following
    result −
    Greeting message: Hello

    C supports a wide range of functions that manipulate null-terminated


    strings −

    Sr.No Function & Purpose


    .

    1 strcpy(s1, s2);

    Copies string s2 into string s1.

    2 strcat(s1, s2);

    Concatenates string s2 onto the end of string s1.

    3 strlen(s1);

    Returns the length of string s1.

    4 strcmp(s1, s2);

    Returns 0 if s1 and s2 are the same; less than 0 if


    s1<s2; greater than 0 if s1>s2.
    5 strchr(s1, ch);

    Returns a pointer to the first occurrence of character ch


    in string s1.

    6 strstr(s1, s2);

    Returns a pointer to the first occurrence of string s2 in


    string s1.

    The following example uses some of the above-mentioned functions −


     Live Demo

    #include <stdio.h>

    #include <string.h>

    int main ()

    char str1[12] = "Hello";

    char str2[12] = "World";

    char str3[12];

    int len ;

    /* copy str1 into str3 */

    strcpy(str3, str1);

    cout<<” strcpy( str3, str1) : ”<<str1;

    /* concatenates str1 and str2 */

    strcat( str1, str2);

    cout<<” strcat( str1, str2):“<<str1;

    /* total lenghth of str1 after concatenation */

    len = strlen(str1);

    cout<<”strcat( str1, str2):”<<len;


    return 0;

    When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following
    result.
    strcpy( str3, str1) : Hello
    strcat( str1, str2): HelloWorld
    strlen(str1) : 10

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