High Performance Liquid Chromatography

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High performance liquid chromatography

High Performance Liquid Chromotagraphy (HPLC) is an analytical technique used for the
separation of compounds soluble in a particular solvent. HPLC's important apparatus are the
solvent, column, pump and detector.

The mobile phase, or solvent, in HPLC is usually a mixture of polar and non-polar liquid
components whose respective concentrations are varied depending on the composition of the
sample.

The HPLC pump drives the solvent and sample through the column.

The HPLC detector, located at the end of the column, must register the presence of various
components of the sample, but must not detect the solvent. For that reason there is no
universal detector that works for all separations. A common HPLC detector is a UV absorption
detector, as most medium to large molecules absorb UV radiation.

HPLC can be used in both qualitative and quantitative applications, that is for both compound
identification and quantification. HPLC is a useful addition to an analytical arsenal, especially for
the separation of a sample before further analysis.
Water bath

A water bath is a device used in the laboratories to incubate samples in water maintained at a
constant temperature. Some water baths have an additional shaking or stirring mechanism that
can be set at varying speeds. Two types of water bath are circulating water bath and non-
circulating water bath also shaking water baths.

At the beginning of the lab period, you should check the water bath to see if it is turned on, set
at the right temperature, and filled with water. Water baths should be filled with distilled
water. If you are using the water bath for an experiment you should check the temperature
frequently to make sure that the water bath is maintaining the proper temperature.

Some of the water bath controls are temperature control where all water baths have a control
to set temperature. This control can be digital or a dial. Next is saftey control where most water
baths have a second control called the safety. This control is set at the maximum temperature
the water bath should attain. It is usually set just above the temperature control. Lastly is the
shaking control where shaking water baths have additional controls for shaking. The shaking
mechanism can be turned on or off. The speed of shaking can also be set. Cultures grown in
liquid media are often shaken to allow constant mixing with air and oxygen with the culture.

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